Added subname TX

Remove find_all from stdlib

.circleci/config.yml

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+version: 2.1
+
+executors:
+  aebuilder:
+    docker:
+      - image: aeternity/builder
+        user: builder
+    working_directory: ~/aesophia
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    executor: aebuilder
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - restore_cache:
+          keys:
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-{{ .Revision }}
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-
+      - run:
+          name: Build
+          command: ./rebar3 compile
+      - run:
+          name: Static Analysis
+          command: ./rebar3 dialyzer
+      - run:
+          name: Eunit
+          command: ./rebar3 eunit
+      - run:
+          name: Common Tests
+          command: ./rebar3 ct
+      - save_cache:
+          key: dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-{{ .Revision }}
+          paths:
+            - _build/default/rebar3_20.3.8_plt
+      - store_artifacts:
+          path: _build/test/logs

.gitignore

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+.rebar3
+_[^_]*
+.eunit
+*.o
+*.beam
+*.plt
+*.swp
+*.swo
+.erlang.cookie
+ebin
+log
+erl_crash.dump
+.rebar
+logs
+_build
+.idea
+*.iml
+rebar3.crashdump
+*.erl~
+*.aes~
+aesophia
+.qcci
+current_counterexample.eqc

CHANGELOG.md

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+# Changelog
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [Unreleased]
+### Added
+- Added the `[a..b]` language construct, returning the list of numbers between
+  `a` and `b` (inclusive). Returns the empty list if `a` > `b`.
+### Changed
+### Removed
+
+## [4.0.0-rc1] - 2019-08-22
+### Added
+- FATE backend - the compiler is able to produce VM code for both `AEVM` and `FATE`. Many
+  of the APIs now take `{backend, aevm | fate}` to decide wich backend to produce artifacts
+  for.
+- New builtin functions `Crypto.ecrecover_secp256k1: (hash, bytes(65)) => option(bytes(20))`
+  and `Crypto.ecverify_secp256k1 : (hash, bytes(20), bytes(65)) => bool` for recovering
+  and verifying an Ethereum address for a message hash and a signature.
+- Sophia supports list comprehensions known from languages like Python, Haskell or Erlang.
+  Example syntax:
+```
+[x + y | x <- [1,2,3,4,5], let k = x*x, if (k > 5), y <- [k, k+1, k+2]]
+// yields [12,13,14,20,21,22,30,31,32]
+```
+- A new contract, and endpoint, modifier `payable` is introduced. Contracts, and enpoints,
+  that shall be able to receive funds should be marked as payable. `Address.is_payable(a)`
+  can be used to check if an (contract) address is payable or not.
+### Changed
+- New syntax for tuple types. Now 0-tuple type is encoded as `unit` instead of `()` and
+  regular tuples are encoded by interspersing inner types with `*`, for instance `int * string`.
+  Parens are not necessary. Note it only affects the types, values remain as their were before,
+  so `(1, "a") : int * string`
+- The `AENS.transfer` and `AENS.revoke` functions have been updated to take a name `string`
+  instead of a name `hash`.
+- Fixed a bug where the `AEVM` backend complained about a missing `init` function when
+  trying to generate calldata from an ACI-generated interface.
+- Compiler now returns the ABI-version in the compiler result map.
+- Renamed `Crypto.ecverify` and `Crypto.ecverify_secp256k1` into `Crypto.verify_sig` and
+  `Crypto.verify_sig_secp256k1` respectively.
+### Removed
+
+## [3.2.0] - 2019-06-28
+### Added
+- New builtin function `require : (bool, string) => ()`. Defined as
+    ```
+    function require(b, err) = if(!b) abort(err)
+    ```
+- New builtin functions
+    ```
+    Bytes.to_str : bytes(_) => string
+    Bytes.to_int : bytes(_) => int
+    ```
+  for converting a byte array to a hex string and interpreting it as a
+  big-endian encoded integer respectively.
+### Changed
+- Public contract functions must now be declared as *entrypoints*:
+  ```
+  contract Example =
+    // Exported
+    entrypoint exported_fun(x) = local_fun(x)
+    // Not exported
+    function local_fun(x) = x
+  ```
+  Functions in namespaces still use `function` (and `private function` for
+  private functions).
+- The return type of `Chain.block_hash(height)` has changed, it used to
+  be `int`, where `0` denoted an incorrect height. New return type is
+  `option(hash)`, where `None` represents an incorrect height.
+- Event name hashes now use BLAKE2b instead of Keccak256.
+- Fixed bugs when defining record types in namespaces.
+- Fixed a bug in include path handling when passing options to the compiler.
+### Removed
+
+## [3.1.0] - 2019-06-03
+### Added
+### Changed
+- Keyword `indexed` is now optional for word typed (`bool`, `int`, `address`,
+  ...) event arguments.
+- State variable pretty printing now produce `'a, 'b, ...` instead of `'1, '2, ...`.
+- ACI is restructured and improved:
+    - `state` and `event` types (if present) now appear at the top level.
+    - Namespaces and remote interfaces are no longer ignored.
+    - All type definitions are included in the interface rendering.
+    - API functions are renamed, new functions are `contract_interface`
+      and `render_aci_json`.
+- Fixed a bug in `create_calldata`/`to_sophia_value` - it can now handle negative
+  literals.
+### Removed
+
+## [3.0.0] - 2019-05-21
+### Added
+- `stateful` annotations are now properly enforced. Functions must be marked stateful
+  in order to update the state or spend tokens.
+- Primitives `Contract.creator`, `Address.is_contract`, `Address.is_oracle`,
+  `Oracle.check` and `Oracle.check_query` has been added to Sophia.
+- A byte array type `bytes(N)` has been added to generalize `hash (== bytes(32))` and
+  `signature (== bytes(64))` and allow for byte arrays of arbitrary fixed length.
+- `Crypto.ecverify_secp256k1` has been added.
+### Changed
+- Address literals (+ Oracle, Oracle query and remote contracts) have been changed
+  from `#<hex>` to address as `ak_<base58check>`, oracle `ok_<base58check>`,
+  oracle query `oq_<base58check>` and remote contract `ct_<base58check>`.
+- The compilation and typechecking of `letfun` (e.g. `let m(f, xs) = map(f, xs)`) was
+  not working properly and has been fixed.
+### Removed
+- `let rec` has been removed from the language, it has never worked.
+- The standalone CLI compiler is served in the repo `aeternity/aesophia_cli` and has
+  been completely removed from `aesophia`.
+
+## [2.1.0] - 2019-04-11
+### Added
+- Stubs (not yet wired up) for compilation to FATE
+- Add functions specific for Calldata decoding
+- Support for `Auth.tx_hash`, not available in AEVM until Fortuna release
+
+### Changed
+- Improvements to the ACI generator
+
+## [2.0.0] - 2019-03-11
+### Added
+- Add `Crypto.ecverify` to the compiler.
+- Add `Crypto.sha3`, `Crypto.blake2`, `Crypto.sha256`, `String.blake2` and
+  `String.sha256` to the compiler.
+- Add the `bits` type for working with bit fields in Sophia.
+- Add Namespaces to Sophia in order to simplify using library contracts, etc.
+- Add a missig type check on the `init` function - detects programmer errors earlier.
+- Add the ACI (Aeternity Contract Interface) generator.
+
+### Changed
+- Use native bit shift operations in builtin functions, reducing gas cost.
+- Improve type checking of `record` fields - generates more understandable error messages.
+- Improved, more coherent, error messages.
+- Simplify calldata creation - instead of passing a compiled contract, simply
+  pass a (stubbed) contract string.
+
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.0.0-rc1...HEAD
+[4.0.0-rc1]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.2.0...v4.0.0-rc1
+[3.2.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.1.0...v3.2.0
+[3.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.0.0...v3.1.0
+[3.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.1.0...v3.0.0
+[2.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.0.0...v2.1.0
+[2.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/tag/v2.0.0

LICENSE

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+ISC License
+
+Copyright (c) 2017, aeternity developers
+
+Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH
+REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
+AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT,
+INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
+LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
+OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
+PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

README.md

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+# aesophia
+
+This is the __sophia__ compiler for the æternity system which compiles contracts written in __sophia__ code to the æternity VM code.
+
+For more information about æternity smart contracts and the sophia language see [Smart Contracts](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/contracts.md) and the [Sophia Language](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/sophia.md).
+
+It is an OTP application written in Erlang and is by default included in
+[the æternity node](https://github.com/aeternity/epoch). However, it can
+also be included in other systems to compile contracts coded in sophia which
+can then be loaded into the æternity system.
+
+## Versioning
+
+`aesophia` has a version that is only loosely connected to the version of the
+Aeternity node - in principle they will share the major version but not
+minor/patch version. The `aesophia` compiler version MUST be bumped whenever
+there is a change in how byte code is generated, but it MAY also be bumped upon
+API changes etc.
+
+## Interface Modules
+
+The basic modules for interfacing the compiler:
+
+* [aeso_compiler: the Sophia compiler](./docs/aeso_compiler.md)
+* [aeso_aci: the ACI interface](./docs/aeso_aci.md)

docs/aeso_aci.md

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+# aeso_aci
+
+### Module
+
+### aeso_aci
+
+The ACI interface encoder and decoder.
+
+### Description
+
+This module provides an interface to generate and convert between
+Sophia contracts and a suitable JSON encoding of contract
+interface. As yet the interface is very basic.
+
+Encoding this contract:
+
+```
+contract Answers =
+  record state = { a : answers }
+  type answers() = map(string, int)
+
+  stateful function init() = { a = {} }
+  private function the_answer() = 42
+  function new_answer(q : string, a : int) : answers() = { [q] = a }
+```
+
+generates the following JSON structure representing the contract interface:
+
+
+``` json
+{
+  "contract": {
+    "functions": [
+      {
+        "arguments": [],
+        "name": "init",
+        "returns": "Answers.state",
+        "stateful": true
+      },
+      {
+        "arguments": [
+          {
+            "name": "q",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "a",
+            "type": "int"
+          }
+        ],
+        "name": "new_answer",
+        "returns": {
+          "map": [
+            "string",
+            "int"
+          ]
+        },
+        "stateful": false
+      }
+    ],
+    "name": "Answers",
+    "state": {
+      "record": [
+        {
+          "name": "a",
+          "type": "Answers.answers"
+        }
+      ]
+    },
+    "type_defs": [
+      {
+        "name": "answers",
+        "typedef": {
+          "map": [
+            "string",
+            "int"
+          ]
+        },
+        "vars": []
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+When that encoding is decoded the following include definition is generated:
+
+```
+contract Answers =
+  record state = {a : Answers.answers}
+  type answers = map(string, int)
+  function init : () => Answers.state
+  function new_answer : (string, int) => map(string, int)
+```
+
+### Types
+```erlang
+-type aci_type()  :: json | string.
+-type json()      :: jsx:json_term().
+-type json_text() :: binary().
+```
+
+### Exports
+
+#### contract\_interface(aci\_type(), string()) -> {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}
+
+Generate the JSON encoding of the interface to a contract. The type definitions
+and non-private functions are included in the JSON string.
+
+#### render\_aci\_json(json() | json\_text()) -> string().
+
+Take a JSON encoding of a contract interface and generate a contract interface
+that can be included in another contract.
+
+### Example run
+
+This is an example of using the ACI generator from an Erlang shell. The file
+called `aci_test.aes` contains the contract in the description from which we
+want to generate files `aci_test.json` which is the JSON encoding of the
+contract interface and `aci_test.include` which is the contract definition to
+be included inside another contract.
+
+``` erlang
+1> {ok,Contract} = file:read_file("aci_test.aes").
+{ok,<<"contract Answers =\n  record state = { a : answers }\n  type answers() = map(string, int)\n\n  stateful function"...>>}
+2> {ok,JsonACI} = aeso_aci:contract_interface(json, Contract).
+{ok,[#{contract =>
+           #{functions =>
+                 [#{arguments => [],name => <<"init">>,
+                    returns => <<"Answers.state">>,stateful => true},
+                  #{arguments =>
+                        [#{name => <<"q">>,type => <<"string">>},
+                         #{name => <<"a">>,type => <<"int">>}],
+                    name => <<"new_answer">>,
+                    returns => #{<<"map">> => [<<"string">>,<<"int">>]},
+                    stateful => false}],
+             name => <<"Answers">>,
+             state =>
+                 #{record =>
+                       [#{name => <<"a">>,type => <<"Answers.answers">>}]},
+             type_defs =>
+                 [#{name => <<"answers">>,
+                    typedef => #{<<"map">> => [<<"string">>,<<"int">>]},
+                    vars => []}]}}]}
+3> file:write_file("aci_test.aci", jsx:encode(JsonACI)).
+ok
+4> {ok,InterfaceStub} = aeso_aci:render_aci_json(JsonACI).
+{ok,<<"contract Answers =\n  record state = {a : Answers.answers}\n  type answers = map(string, int)\n  function init "...>>}
+5> file:write_file("aci_test.include", InterfaceStub).
+ok
+6> jsx:prettify(jsx:encode(JsonACI)).
+<<"[\n  {\n    \"contract\": {\n      \"functions\": [\n        {\n          \"arguments\": [],\n          \"name\": \"init\",\n        "...>>
+```
+
+The final call to `jsx:prettify(jsx:encode(JsonACI))` returns the encoding in a
+more easily readable form. This is what is shown in the description above.

docs/aeso_compiler.md

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+# aeso_compiler
+
+### Module
+
+### aeso_compiler
+
+The Sophia compiler
+
+### Description
+
+This module provides the interface to the standard Sophia compiler. It
+returns the compiled module in a map which can then be loaded.
+
+### Types
+``` erlang
+contract_string() = string() | binary()
+contract_map() = #{bytecode => binary(),
+                   compiler_version => binary(),
+                   contract_souce => string(),
+                   type_info => type_info()}
+type_info()
+errorstring() = binary()
+```
+### Exports
+
+#### file(File)
+#### file(File, Options) -> CompRet
+#### from_string(ContractString, Options) -> CompRet
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+ContractString = contract_string()
+Options = [Option]
+CompRet = {ok,ContractMap} | {error,ErrorString}
+ContractMap = contract_map()
+ErrorString = errorstring()
+```
+
+Compile a contract defined in a file or in a string.
+
+The **pp_** options all print to standard output the following:
+
+`pp_sophia_code` - print the input Sophia code.
+
+`pp_ast` - print the AST of the code
+
+`pp_types` - print information about the types
+
+`pp_typed_ast` - print the AST with type information at each node
+
+`pp_icode` - print the internal code structure
+
+`pp_assembler` - print the generated assembler code
+
+`pp_bytecode` - print the bytecode instructions
+
+#### check_call(ContractString, Options) -> CheckRet
+
+Types
+```
+ContractString = string() | binary()
+CheckRet = {ok,string(),{Types,Type | any()},Terms} | {error,Term}
+Types = [Type]
+Type = term()
+```
+Check a call in contract through the `__call` function.
+
+#### sophia_type_to_typerep(String) -> TypeRep
+
+Types
+``` erlang
+ {ok,TypeRep} | {error, badtype}
+```
+
+Get the type representation of a type declaration.
+
+#### version() -> {ok, Version} | {error, term()}
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+Version = binary()
+```
+
+Get the current version of the Sophia compiler.

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-<h1 id="aeso_aci">aeso_aci</h1>
-<h3 id="module">Module</h3>
-<h3 id="aeso_aci_1">aeso_aci</h3>
-<p>The ACI interface encoder and decoder.</p>
-<h3 id="description">Description</h3>
-<p>This module provides an interface to generate and convert between
-Sophia contracts and a suitable JSON encoding of contract
-interface. As yet the interface is very basic.</p>
-<p>Encoding this contract:</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>contract Answers =
-  record state = { a : answers }
-  type answers() = map(string, int)
-
-  stateful function init() = { a = {} }
-  private function the_answer() = 42
-  function new_answer(q : string, a : int) : answers() = { [q] = a }
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>generates the following JSON structure representing the contract interface:</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="nt">&quot;contract&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">&quot;functions&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;arguments&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[],</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;init&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;returns&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Answers.state&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;stateful&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;arguments&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;q&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="nt">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;string&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="nt">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;int&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="p">],</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;new_answer&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;returns&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nt">&quot;map&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="s2">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="s2">&quot;int&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;stateful&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">],</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Answers&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">&quot;state&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="nt">&quot;record&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nt">&quot;type&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Answers.answers&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nt">&quot;typedefs&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;name&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;answers&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;typedef&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nt">&quot;map&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="s2">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="s2">&quot;int&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="nt">&quot;vars&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="p">}</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>When that encoding is decoded the following include definition is generated:</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>contract Answers =
-  record state = {a : Answers.answers}
-  type answers = map(string, int)
-  function init : () =&gt; Answers.state
-  function new_answer : (string, int) =&gt; map(string, int)
-</code></pre></div>
-<h3 id="types">Types</h3>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="p">-</span><span class="ni">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">aci_type</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="p">::</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">.</span>
-<span class="p">-</span><span class="ni">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="p">::</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">jsx</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">json_term</span><span class="p">().</span>
-<span class="p">-</span><span class="ni">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">json_text</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">::</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">().</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h3 id="exports">Exports</h3>
-<h4 id="contract_interfaceaci_type-string-ok-json-string-error-term">contract_interface(aci_type(), string()) -&gt; {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}</h4>
-<p>Generate the JSON encoding of the interface to a contract. The type definitions
-and non-private functions are included in the JSON string.</p>
-<h4 id="render_aci_jsonjson-json_text-string">render_aci_json(json() | json_text()) -&gt; string().</h4>
-<p>Take a JSON encoding of a contract interface and generate a contract interface
-that can be included in another contract.</p>
-<h3 id="example-run">Example run</h3>
-<p>This is an example of using the ACI generator from an Erlang shell. The file
-called <code>aci_test.aes</code> contains the contract in the description from which we
-want to generate files <code>aci_test.json</code> which is the JSON encoding of the
-contract interface and <code>aci_test.include</code> which is the contract definition to
-be included inside another contract.</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="mi">1</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nv">Contract</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">read_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;aci_test.aes&quot;</span><span class="p">).</span>
-<span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;contract Answers =</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  record state = { a : answers }</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  type answers() = map(string, int)</span><span class="se">\n\n</span><span class="s">  stateful function&quot;</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="mi">2</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nv">JsonACI</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">aeso_aci</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">contract_interface</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">Contract</span><span class="p">).</span>
-<span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,[#{</span><span class="n">contract</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">           </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="n">functions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">                 </span><span class="p">[#{</span><span class="n">arguments</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[],</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;init&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;Answers.state&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">true</span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">                  </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="n">arguments</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">                        </span><span class="p">[#{</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;q&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">},</span>
-<span class="w">                         </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;int&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">}],</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;new_answer&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">returns</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;map&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;int&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">]},</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">false</span><span class="p">}],</span>
-<span class="w">             </span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;Answers&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">             </span><span class="n">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">                 </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="n">record</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">                       </span><span class="p">[#{</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;a&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;Answers.answers&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">}]},</span>
-<span class="w">             </span><span class="n">typedefs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">                 </span><span class="p">[#{</span><span class="n">name</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;answers&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">typedef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;map&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;string&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;int&quot;</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">]},</span>
-<span class="w">                    </span><span class="n">vars</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[]}]}}]}</span>
-<span class="mi">3</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">write_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;aci_test.aci&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">jsx</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">encode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">JsonACI</span><span class="p">)).</span>
-<span class="n">ok</span>
-<span class="mi">4</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nv">InterfaceStub</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">aeso_aci</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">render_aci_json</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">JsonACI</span><span class="p">).</span>
-<span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;contract Answers =</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  record state = {a : Answers.answers}</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  type answers = map(string, int)</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  function init &quot;</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="mi">5</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">file</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">write_file</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;aci_test.include&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">InterfaceStub</span><span class="p">).</span>
-<span class="n">ok</span>
-<span class="mi">6</span><span class="o">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">jsx</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">prettify</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nn">jsx</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nf">encode</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">JsonACI</span><span class="p">)).</span>
-<span class="o">&lt;&lt;</span><span class="s">&quot;[</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">  {</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">    </span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">contract</span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">: {</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">      </span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">functions</span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">: [</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">        {</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">          </span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">arguments</span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">: [],</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">          </span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">name</span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">: </span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">init</span><span class="se">\&quot;</span><span class="s">,</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s">        &quot;</span><span class="p">...</span><span class="o">&gt;&gt;</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>The final call to <code>jsx:prettify(jsx:encode(JsonACI))</code> returns the encoding in a
-more easily readable form. This is what is shown in the description above.</p>
-
-
-
-
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-<h1 id="aeso_compiler">aeso_compiler</h1>
-<h3 id="module">Module</h3>
-<h3 id="aeso_compiler_1">aeso_compiler</h3>
-<p>The Sophia compiler</p>
-<h3 id="description">Description</h3>
-<p>This module provides the interface to the standard Sophia compiler. It
-returns the compiled module in a map which can then be loaded.</p>
-<h3 id="types">Types</h3>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nf">contract_string</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="nf">contract_map</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">#{</span><span class="n">bytecode</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">compiler_version</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">contract_souce</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">string</span><span class="p">(),</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">type_info</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">type_info</span><span class="p">()}</span>
-<span class="nf">type_info</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="nf">errorstring</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">()</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h3 id="exports">Exports</h3>
-<h4 id="filefile">file(File)</h4>
-<h4 id="filefile-options-compret">file(File, Options) -&gt; CompRet</h4>
-<h4 id="from_stringcontractstring-options-compret">from_string(ContractString, Options) -&gt; CompRet</h4>
-<p>Types</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nv">ContractString</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contract_string</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="nv">Options</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nv">Option</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="nv">CompRet</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">ok</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nv">ContractMap</span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">error</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="nv">ErrorString</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="nv">ContractMap</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contract_map</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="nv">ErrorString</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">errorstring</span><span class="p">()</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>Compile a contract defined in a file or in a string.</p>
-<p>The <strong>pp_</strong> options all print to standard output the following:</p>
-<p><code>pp_sophia_code</code> - print the input Sophia code.</p>
-<p><code>pp_ast</code> - print the AST of the code</p>
-<p><code>pp_types</code> - print information about the types</p>
-<p><code>pp_typed_ast</code> - print the AST with type information at each node</p>
-<p><code>pp_assembler</code> - print the generated assembler code</p>
-<p>The option <code>include_child_contract_symbols</code> includes the symbols of child contracts functions in the generated fate code. It is turned off by default to avoid making contracts bigger on chain.</p>
-<h4 id="options-to-control-which-compiler-optimizations-should-run">Options to control which compiler optimizations should run:</h4>
-<p>By default all optimizations are turned on, to disable an optimization, it should be
-explicitly set to false and passed as a compiler option.</p>
-<p>List of optimizations:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>optimize_inliner</li>
-<li>optimize_inline_local_functions</li>
-<li>optimize_bind_subexpressions</li>
-<li>optimize_let_floating</li>
-<li>optimize_simplifier</li>
-<li>optimize_drop_unused_lets</li>
-<li>optimize_push_consume</li>
-<li>optimize_one_shot_var</li>
-<li>optimize_write_to_dead_var</li>
-<li>optimize_inline_switch_target</li>
-<li>optimize_swap_push</li>
-<li>optimize_swap_pop</li>
-<li>optimize_swap_write</li>
-<li>optimize_constant_propagation</li>
-<li>optimize_prune_impossible_branches</li>
-<li>optimize_single_successful_branch</li>
-<li>optimize_inline_store</li>
-<li>optimize_float_switch_bod</li>
-</ul>
-<h4 id="check_callcontractstring-options-checkret">check_call(ContractString, Options) -&gt; CheckRet</h4>
-<p>Types
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>ContractString = string() | binary()
-CheckRet = {ok,string(),{Types,Type | any()},Terms} | {error,Term}
-Types = [Type]
-Type = term()
-</code></pre></div>
-Check a call in contract through the <code>__call</code> function.</p>
-<h4 id="version-ok-version-error-term">version() -&gt; {ok, Version} | {error, term()}</h4>
-<p>Types</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nv">Version</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">binary</span><span class="p">()</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>Get the current version of the Sophia compiler.</p>
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- */
-
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.da=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.da.trimmer,e.da.stopWordFilter,e.da.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.da.stemmer))},e.da.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.da.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.da.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.trimmer,"trimmer-da"),e.da.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,i=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,n=new function(){function e(){var e,r=f.cursor+3;if(d=f.limit,0<=r&&r<=f.limit){for(a=r;;){if(e=f.cursor,f.in_grouping(w,97,248)){f.cursor=e;break}if(f.cursor=e,e>=f.limit)return;f.cursor++}for(;!f.out_grouping(w,97,248);){if(f.cursor>=f.limit)return;f.cursor++}d=f.cursor,d<a&&(d=a)}}function n(){var e,r;if(f.cursor>=d&&(r=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,e=f.find_among_b(c,32),f.limit_backward=r,e))switch(f.bra=f.cursor,e){case 1:f.slice_del();break;case 2:f.in_grouping_b(p,97,229)&&f.slice_del()}}function t(){var e,r=f.limit-f.cursor;f.cursor>=d&&(e=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,f.find_among_b(l,4)?(f.bra=f.cursor,f.limit_backward=e,f.cursor=f.limit-r,f.cursor>f.limit_backward&&(f.cursor--,f.bra=f.cursor,f.slice_del())):f.limit_backward=e)}function s(){var e,r,i,n=f.limit-f.cursor;if(f.ket=f.cursor,f.eq_s_b(2,"st")&&(f.bra=f.cursor,f.eq_s_b(2,"ig")&&f.slice_del()),f.cursor=f.limit-n,f.cursor>=d&&(r=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,e=f.find_among_b(m,5),f.limit_backward=r,e))switch(f.bra=f.cursor,e){case 1:f.slice_del(),i=f.limit-f.cursor,t(),f.cursor=f.limit-i;break;case 2:f.slice_from("løs")}}function o(){var e;f.cursor>=d&&(e=f.limit_backward,f.limit_backward=d,f.ket=f.cursor,f.out_grouping_b(w,97,248)?(f.bra=f.cursor,u=f.slice_to(u),f.limit_backward=e,f.eq_v_b(u)&&f.slice_del()):f.limit_backward=e)}var a,d,u,c=[new r("hed",-1,1),new r("ethed",0,1),new r("ered",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("erede",3,1),new r("ende",3,1),new r("erende",5,1),new r("ene",3,1),new r("erne",3,1),new r("ere",3,1),new r("en",-1,1),new r("heden",10,1),new r("eren",10,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heder",13,1),new r("erer",13,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("heds",16,1),new r("es",16,1),new r("endes",18,1),new r("erendes",19,1),new r("enes",18,1),new r("ernes",18,1),new r("eres",18,1),new r("ens",16,1),new r("hedens",24,1),new r("erens",24,1),new r("ers",16,1),new r("ets",16,1),new r("erets",28,1),new r("et",-1,1),new r("eret",30,1)],l=[new r("gd",-1,-1),new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("gt",-1,-1),new r("kt",-1,-1)],m=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("elig",1,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("løst",-1,2)],w=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],p=[239,254,42,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,16],f=new i;this.setCurrent=function(e){f.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return f.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=f.cursor;return e(),f.limit_backward=r,f.cursor=f.limit,n(),f.cursor=f.limit,t(),f.cursor=f.limit,s(),f.cursor=f.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent()}):(n.setCurrent(e),n.stem(),n.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.stemmer,"stemmer-da"),e.da.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("ad af alle alt anden at blev blive bliver da de dem den denne der deres det dette dig din disse dog du efter eller en end er et for fra ham han hans har havde have hende hendes her hos hun hvad hvis hvor i ikke ind jeg jer jo kunne man mange med meget men mig min mine mit mod ned noget nogle nu når og også om op os over på selv sig sin sine sit skal skulle som sådan thi til ud under var vi vil ville vor være været".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.da.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-da")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.hi.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.hi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.hi.trimmer,e.hi.stopWordFilter,e.hi.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.hi.stemmer))},e.hi.wordCharacters="ऀ-ःऄ-एऐ-टठ-यर-िी-ॏॐ-य़ॠ-९॰-ॿa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.hi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.hi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.trimmer,"trimmer-hi"),e.hi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("अत अपना अपनी अपने अभी अंदर आदि आप इत्यादि इन इनका इन्हीं इन्हें इन्हों इस इसका इसकी इसके इसमें इसी इसे उन उनका उनकी उनके उनको उन्हीं उन्हें उन्हों उस उसके उसी उसे एक एवं एस ऐसे और कई कर करता करते करना करने करें कहते कहा का काफ़ी कि कितना किन्हें किन्हों किया किर किस किसी किसे की कुछ कुल के को कोई कौन कौनसा गया घर जब जहाँ जा जितना जिन जिन्हें जिन्हों जिस जिसे जीधर जैसा जैसे जो तक तब तरह तिन तिन्हें तिन्हों तिस तिसे तो था थी थे दबारा दिया दुसरा दूसरे दो द्वारा न नके नहीं ना निहायत नीचे ने पर पहले पूरा पे फिर बनी बही बहुत बाद बाला बिलकुल भी भीतर मगर मानो मे में यदि यह यहाँ यही या यिह ये रखें रहा रहे ऱ्वासा लिए लिये लेकिन व वग़ैरह वर्ग वह वहाँ वहीं वाले वुह वे वो सकता सकते सबसे सभी साथ साबुत साभ सारा से सो संग ही हुआ हुई हुए है हैं हो होता होती होते होना होने".split(" ")),e.hi.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var r=e.wordcut;r.init(),e.hi.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(r){return isLunr2?new e.Token(r.toLowerCase()):r.toLowerCase()});var t=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return r.cut(t).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stemmer,"stemmer-hi"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.hi.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-hi")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ja.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.ja=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ja.trimmer,e.ja.stopWordFilter,e.ja.stemmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.ja.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.ja.tokenizer))};var t=new e.TinySegmenter;e.ja.tokenizer=function(i){var n,o,s,p,a,u,m,l,c,f;if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});for(o=i.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,""),n=o.length-1;n>=0;n--)if(/\S/.test(o.charAt(n))){o=o.substring(0,n+1);break}for(a=[],s=o.length,c=0,l=0;c<=s;c++)if(u=o.charAt(c),m=c-l,u.match(/\s/)||c==s){if(m>0)for(p=t.segment(o.slice(l,c)).filter(function(e){return!!e}),f=l,n=0;n<p.length;n++)r?a.push(new e.Token(p[n],{position:[f,p[n].length],index:a.length})):a.push(p[n]),f+=p[n].length;l=c+1}return a},e.ja.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return e}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.stemmer,"stemmer-ja"),e.ja.wordCharacters="一二三四五六七八九十百千万億兆一-龠々〆ヵヶぁ-んァ-ヴーｱ-ﾝﾞa-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.ja.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ja.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.trimmer,"trimmer-ja"),e.ja.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("これ それ あれ この その あの ここ そこ あそこ こちら どこ だれ なに なん 何 私 貴方 貴方方 我々 私達 あの人 あのかた 彼女 彼 です あります おります います は が の に を で え から まで より も どの と し それで しかし".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ja.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ja"),e.jp=e.ja,e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.stemmer,"stemmer-jp"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.trimmer,"trimmer-jp"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.jp.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-jp")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.jp.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-module.exports=require("./lunr.ja");

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.multi.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){e.multiLanguage=function(){for(var t=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),i=t.join("-"),r="",n=[],s=[],p=0;p<t.length;++p)"en"==t[p]?(r+="\\w",n.unshift(e.stopWordFilter),n.push(e.stemmer),s.push(e.stemmer)):(r+=e[t[p]].wordCharacters,e[t[p]].stopWordFilter&&n.unshift(e[t[p]].stopWordFilter),e[t[p]].stemmer&&(n.push(e[t[p]].stemmer),s.push(e[t[p]].stemmer)));var o=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r);return e.Pipeline.registerFunction(o,"lunr-multi-trimmer-"+i),n.unshift(o),function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add.apply(this.pipeline,n),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add.apply(this.searchPipeline,s))}}}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.no.min.js

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-/*!
- * Lunr languages, `Norwegian` language
- * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
- *
- * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
- * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- */
-/*!
- * based on
- * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
- * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
- * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
- *
- * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
- * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- */
-
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.no=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.no.trimmer,e.no.stopWordFilter,e.no.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.no.stemmer))},e.no.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.no.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.no.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.trimmer,"trimmer-no"),e.no.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,i=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(a=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(s=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(d,97,248)){w.cursor=e;break}if(e>=w.limit)return;w.cursor=e+1}for(;!w.out_grouping(d,97,248);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}a=w.cursor,a<s&&(a=s)}}function i(){var e,r,n;if(w.cursor>=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,29),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:n=w.limit-w.cursor,w.in_grouping_b(c,98,122)?w.slice_del():(w.cursor=w.limit-n,w.eq_s_b(1,"k")&&w.out_grouping_b(d,97,248)&&w.slice_del());break;case 3:w.slice_from("er")}}function t(){var e,r=w.limit-w.cursor;w.cursor>=a&&(e=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,w.find_among_b(u,2)?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=e,w.cursor=w.limit-r,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.cursor--,w.bra=w.cursor,w.slice_del())):w.limit_backward=e)}function o(){var e,r;w.cursor>=a&&(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=a,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(l,11),e?(w.bra=w.cursor,w.limit_backward=r,1==e&&w.slice_del()):w.limit_backward=r)}var s,a,m=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ede",1,1),new r("ande",1,1),new r("ende",1,1),new r("ane",1,1),new r("ene",1,1),new r("hetene",6,1),new r("erte",1,3),new r("en",-1,1),new r("heten",9,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",12,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",14,1),new r("es",14,1),new r("edes",16,1),new r("endes",16,1),new r("enes",16,1),new r("hetenes",19,1),new r("ens",14,1),new r("hetens",21,1),new r("ers",14,1),new r("ets",14,1),new r("et",-1,1),new r("het",25,1),new r("ert",-1,3),new r("ast",-1,1)],u=[new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("vt",-1,-1)],l=[new r("leg",-1,1),new r("eleg",0,1),new r("ig",-1,1),new r("eig",2,1),new r("lig",2,1),new r("elig",4,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("lov",-1,1),new r("elov",7,1),new r("slov",7,1),new r("hetslov",9,1)],d=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,48,0,128],c=[119,125,149,1],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,o(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent()}):(i.setCurrent(e),i.stem(),i.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stemmer,"stemmer-no"),e.no.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alle at av bare begge ble blei bli blir blitt både båe da de deg dei deim deira deires dem den denne der dere deres det dette di din disse ditt du dykk dykkar då eg ein eit eitt eller elles en enn er et ett etter for fordi fra før ha hadde han hans har hennar henne hennes her hjå ho hoe honom hoss hossen hun hva hvem hver hvilke hvilken hvis hvor hvordan hvorfor i ikke ikkje ikkje ingen ingi inkje inn inni ja jeg kan kom korleis korso kun kunne kva kvar kvarhelst kven kvi kvifor man mange me med medan meg meget mellom men mi min mine mitt mot mykje ned no noe noen noka noko nokon nokor nokre nå når og også om opp oss over på samme seg selv si si sia sidan siden sin sine sitt sjøl skal skulle slik so som som somme somt så sånn til um upp ut uten var vart varte ved vere verte vi vil ville vore vors vort vår være være vært å".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.no.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-no")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.stemmer.support.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(r,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(r.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(r){r.stemmerSupport={Among:function(r,t,i,s){if(this.toCharArray=function(r){for(var t=r.length,i=new Array(t),s=0;s<t;s++)i[s]=r.charCodeAt(s);return i},!r&&""!=r||!t&&0!=t||!i)throw"Bad Among initialisation: s:"+r+", substring_i: "+t+", result: "+i;this.s_size=r.length,this.s=this.toCharArray(r),this.substring_i=t,this.result=i,this.method=s},SnowballProgram:function(){var r;return{bra:0,ket:0,limit:0,cursor:0,limit_backward:0,setCurrent:function(t){r=t,this.cursor=0,this.limit=t.length,this.limit_backward=0,this.bra=this.cursor,this.ket=this.limit},getCurrent:function(){var t=r;return r=null,t},in_grouping:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor<this.limit){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor);if(e<=s&&e>=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},in_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e<=s&&e>=i&&(e-=i,t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},out_grouping:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor<this.limit){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor);if(e>s||e<i)return this.cursor++,!0;if(e-=i,!(t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor++,!0}return!1},out_grouping_b:function(t,i,s){if(this.cursor>this.limit_backward){var e=r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-1);if(e>s||e<i)return this.cursor--,!0;if(e-=i,!(t[e>>3]&1<<(7&e)))return this.cursor--,!0}return!1},eq_s:function(t,i){if(this.limit-this.cursor<t)return!1;for(var s=0;s<t;s++)if(r.charCodeAt(this.cursor+s)!=i.charCodeAt(s))return!1;return this.cursor+=t,!0},eq_s_b:function(t,i){if(this.cursor-this.limit_backward<t)return!1;for(var s=0;s<t;s++)if(r.charCodeAt(this.cursor-t+s)!=i.charCodeAt(s))return!1;return this.cursor-=t,!0},find_among:function(t,i){for(var s=0,e=i,n=this.cursor,u=this.limit,o=0,h=0,c=!1;;){for(var a=s+(e-s>>1),f=0,l=o<h?o:h,_=t[a],m=l;m<_.s_size;m++){if(n+l==u){f=-1;break}if(f=r.charCodeAt(n+l)-_.s[m])break;l++}if(f<0?(e=a,h=l):(s=a,o=l),e-s<=1){if(s>0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n+_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},find_among_b:function(t,i){for(var s=0,e=i,n=this.cursor,u=this.limit_backward,o=0,h=0,c=!1;;){for(var a=s+(e-s>>1),f=0,l=o<h?o:h,_=t[a],m=_.s_size-1-l;m>=0;m--){if(n-l==u){f=-1;break}if(f=r.charCodeAt(n-1-l)-_.s[m])break;l++}if(f<0?(e=a,h=l):(s=a,o=l),e-s<=1){if(s>0||e==s||c)break;c=!0}}for(;;){var _=t[s];if(o>=_.s_size){if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,!_.method)return _.result;var b=_.method();if(this.cursor=n-_.s_size,b)return _.result}if((s=_.substring_i)<0)return 0}},replace_s:function(t,i,s){var e=s.length-(i-t),n=r.substring(0,t),u=r.substring(i);return r=n+s+u,this.limit+=e,this.cursor>=i?this.cursor+=e:this.cursor>t&&(this.cursor=t),e},slice_check:function(){if(this.bra<0||this.bra>this.ket||this.ket>this.limit||this.limit>r.length)throw"faulty slice operation"},slice_from:function(r){this.slice_check(),this.replace_s(this.bra,this.ket,r)},slice_del:function(){this.slice_from("")},insert:function(r,t,i){var s=this.replace_s(r,t,i);r<=this.bra&&(this.bra+=s),r<=this.ket&&(this.ket+=s)},slice_to:function(){return this.slice_check(),r.substring(this.bra,this.ket)},eq_v_b:function(r){return this.eq_s_b(r.length,r)}}}},r.trimmerSupport={generateTrimmer:function(r){var t=new RegExp("^[^"+r+"]+"),i=new RegExp("[^"+r+"]+$");return function(r){return"function"==typeof r.update?r.update(function(r){return r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}):r.replace(t,"").replace(i,"")}}}}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.sv.min.js

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-/*!
- * Lunr languages, `Swedish` language
- * https://github.com/MihaiValentin/lunr-languages
- *
- * Copyright 2014, Mihai Valentin
- * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- */
-/*!
- * based on
- * Snowball JavaScript Library v0.3
- * http://code.google.com/p/urim/
- * http://snowball.tartarus.org/
- *
- * Copyright 2010, Oleg Mazko
- * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
- */
-
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.sv=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.sv.trimmer,e.sv.stopWordFilter,e.sv.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.sv.stemmer))},e.sv.wordCharacters="A-Za-zªºÀ-ÖØ-öø-ʸˠ-ˤᴀ-ᴥᴬ-ᵜᵢ-ᵥᵫ-ᵷᵹ-ᶾḀ-ỿⁱⁿₐ-ₜKÅℲⅎⅠ-ↈⱠ-ⱿꜢ-ꞇꞋ-ꞭꞰ-ꞷꟷ-ꟿꬰ-ꭚꭜ-ꭤff-stＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ",e.sv.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.sv.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.trimmer,"trimmer-sv"),e.sv.stemmer=function(){var r=e.stemmerSupport.Among,n=e.stemmerSupport.SnowballProgram,t=new function(){function e(){var e,r=w.cursor+3;if(o=w.limit,0<=r||r<=w.limit){for(a=r;;){if(e=w.cursor,w.in_grouping(l,97,246)){w.cursor=e;break}if(w.cursor=e,w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}for(;!w.out_grouping(l,97,246);){if(w.cursor>=w.limit)return;w.cursor++}o=w.cursor,o<a&&(o=a)}}function t(){var e,r=w.limit_backward;if(w.cursor>=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(u,37),w.limit_backward=r,e))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.in_grouping_b(d,98,121)&&w.slice_del()}}function i(){var e=w.limit_backward;w.cursor>=o&&(w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.find_among_b(c,7)&&(w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,w.cursor>w.limit_backward&&(w.bra=--w.cursor,w.slice_del())),w.limit_backward=e)}function s(){var e,r;if(w.cursor>=o){if(r=w.limit_backward,w.limit_backward=o,w.cursor=w.limit,w.ket=w.cursor,e=w.find_among_b(m,5))switch(w.bra=w.cursor,e){case 1:w.slice_del();break;case 2:w.slice_from("lös");break;case 3:w.slice_from("full")}w.limit_backward=r}}var a,o,u=[new r("a",-1,1),new r("arna",0,1),new r("erna",0,1),new r("heterna",2,1),new r("orna",0,1),new r("ad",-1,1),new r("e",-1,1),new r("ade",6,1),new r("ande",6,1),new r("arne",6,1),new r("are",6,1),new r("aste",6,1),new r("en",-1,1),new r("anden",12,1),new r("aren",12,1),new r("heten",12,1),new r("ern",-1,1),new r("ar",-1,1),new r("er",-1,1),new r("heter",18,1),new r("or",-1,1),new r("s",-1,2),new r("as",21,1),new r("arnas",22,1),new r("ernas",22,1),new r("ornas",22,1),new r("es",21,1),new r("ades",26,1),new r("andes",26,1),new r("ens",21,1),new r("arens",29,1),new r("hetens",29,1),new r("erns",21,1),new r("at",-1,1),new r("andet",-1,1),new r("het",-1,1),new r("ast",-1,1)],c=[new r("dd",-1,-1),new r("gd",-1,-1),new r("nn",-1,-1),new r("dt",-1,-1),new r("gt",-1,-1),new r("kt",-1,-1),new r("tt",-1,-1)],m=[new r("ig",-1,1),new r("lig",0,1),new r("els",-1,1),new r("fullt",-1,3),new r("löst",-1,2)],l=[17,65,16,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,24,0,32],d=[119,127,149],w=new n;this.setCurrent=function(e){w.setCurrent(e)},this.getCurrent=function(){return w.getCurrent()},this.stem=function(){var r=w.cursor;return e(),w.limit_backward=r,w.cursor=w.limit,t(),w.cursor=w.limit,i(),w.cursor=w.limit,s(),!0}};return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent()}):(t.setCurrent(e),t.stem(),t.getCurrent())}}(),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stemmer,"stemmer-sv"),e.sv.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("alla allt att av blev bli blir blivit de dem den denna deras dess dessa det detta dig din dina ditt du där då efter ej eller en er era ert ett från för ha hade han hans har henne hennes hon honom hur här i icke ingen inom inte jag ju kan kunde man med mellan men mig min mina mitt mot mycket ni nu när någon något några och om oss på samma sedan sig sin sina sitta själv skulle som så sådan sådana sådant till under upp ut utan vad var vara varför varit varje vars vart vem vi vid vilka vilkas vilken vilket vår våra vårt än är åt över".split(" ")),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.sv.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-sv")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.ta.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,t){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(t):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=t():t()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.ta=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.ta.trimmer,e.ta.stopWordFilter,e.ta.stemmer),this.searchPipeline&&(this.searchPipeline.reset(),this.searchPipeline.add(e.ta.stemmer))},e.ta.wordCharacters="஀-உஊ-ஏஐ-ஙச-ட஠-னப-யர-ஹ஺-ிீ-௉ொ-௏ௐ-௙௚-௟௠-௩௪-௯௰-௹௺-௿a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ0-9０-９",e.ta.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.ta.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.trimmer,"trimmer-ta"),e.ta.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("அங்கு அங்கே அது அதை அந்த அவர் அவர்கள் அவள் அவன் அவை ஆக ஆகவே ஆகையால் ஆதலால் ஆதலினால் ஆனாலும் ஆனால் இங்கு இங்கே இது இதை இந்த இப்படி இவர் இவர்கள் இவள் இவன் இவை இவ்வளவு உனக்கு உனது உன் உன்னால் எங்கு எங்கே எது எதை எந்த எப்படி எவர் எவர்கள் எவள் எவன் எவை எவ்வளவு எனக்கு எனது எனவே என் என்ன என்னால் ஏது ஏன் தனது தன்னால் தானே தான் நாங்கள் நாம் நான் நீ நீங்கள்".split(" ")),e.ta.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return"function"==typeof e.update?e.update(function(e){return e}):e}}();var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.ta.tokenizer=function(r){if(!arguments.length||null==r||void 0==r)return[];if(Array.isArray(r))return r.map(function(t){return isLunr2?new e.Token(t.toLowerCase()):t.toLowerCase()});var i=r.toString().toLowerCase().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(i).split("|")},e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stemmer,"stemmer-ta"),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.ta.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-ta")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.th.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var r="2"==e.version[0];e.th=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.th.trimmer),r?this.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer:(e.tokenizer&&(e.tokenizer=e.th.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=e.th.tokenizer))},e.th.wordCharacters="[฀-๿]",e.th.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.th.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.th.trimmer,"trimmer-th");var t=e.wordcut;t.init(),e.th.tokenizer=function(i){if(!arguments.length||null==i||void 0==i)return[];if(Array.isArray(i))return i.map(function(t){return r?new e.Token(t):t});var n=i.toString().replace(/^\s+/,"");return t.cut(n).split("|")}}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.vi.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r():r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(){return function(e){if(void 0===e)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===e.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");e.vi=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(e.vi.stopWordFilter,e.vi.trimmer)},e.vi.wordCharacters="[A-Za-ẓ̀͐́͑̉̃̓ÂâÊêÔôĂ-ăĐ-đƠ-ơƯ-ư]",e.vi.trimmer=e.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(e.vi.wordCharacters),e.Pipeline.registerFunction(e.vi.trimmer,"trimmer-vi"),e.vi.stopWordFilter=e.generateStopWordFilter("là cái nhưng mà".split(" "))}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/min/lunr.zh.min.js

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-!function(e,r){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(r):"object"==typeof exports?module.exports=r(require("@node-rs/jieba")):r()(e.lunr)}(this,function(e){return function(r,t){if(void 0===r)throw new Error("Lunr is not present. Please include / require Lunr before this script.");if(void 0===r.stemmerSupport)throw new Error("Lunr stemmer support is not present. Please include / require Lunr stemmer support before this script.");var i="2"==r.version[0];r.zh=function(){this.pipeline.reset(),this.pipeline.add(r.zh.trimmer,r.zh.stopWordFilter,r.zh.stemmer),i?this.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer:(r.tokenizer&&(r.tokenizer=r.zh.tokenizer),this.tokenizerFn&&(this.tokenizerFn=r.zh.tokenizer))},r.zh.tokenizer=function(n){if(!arguments.length||null==n||void 0==n)return[];if(Array.isArray(n))return n.map(function(e){return i?new r.Token(e.toLowerCase()):e.toLowerCase()});t&&e.load(t);var o=n.toString().trim().toLowerCase(),s=[];e.cut(o,!0).forEach(function(e){s=s.concat(e.split(" "))}),s=s.filter(function(e){return!!e});var u=0;return s.map(function(e,t){if(i){var n=o.indexOf(e,u),s={};return s.position=[n,e.length],s.index=t,u=n,new r.Token(e,s)}return e})},r.zh.wordCharacters="\\w一-龥",r.zh.trimmer=r.trimmerSupport.generateTrimmer(r.zh.wordCharacters),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.trimmer,"trimmer-zh"),r.zh.stemmer=function(){return function(e){return e}}(),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stemmer,"stemmer-zh"),r.zh.stopWordFilter=r.generateStopWordFilter("的 一 不 在 人 有 是 为 以 于 上 他 而 后 之 来 及 了 因 下 可 到 由 这 与 也 此 但 并 个 其 已 无 小 我 们 起 最 再 今 去 好 只 又 或 很 亦 某 把 那 你 乃 它 吧 被 比 别 趁 当 从 到 得 打 凡 儿 尔 该 各 给 跟 和 何 还 即 几 既 看 据 距 靠 啦 了 另 么 每 们 嘛 拿 哪 那 您 凭 且 却 让 仍 啥 如 若 使 谁 虽 随 同 所 她 哇 嗡 往 哪 些 向 沿 哟 用 于 咱 则 怎 曾 至 致 着 诸 自".split(" ")),r.Pipeline.registerFunction(r.zh.stopWordFilter,"stopWordFilter-zh")}});

master/assets/javascripts/lunr/tinyseg.js

@@ -1,206 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * export the module via AMD, CommonJS or as a browser global
- * Export code from https://github.com/umdjs/umd/blob/master/returnExports.js
- */
-;(function (root, factory) {
-    if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
-        // AMD. Register as an anonymous module.
-        define(factory)
-    } else if (typeof exports === 'object') {
-        /**
-         * Node. Does not work with strict CommonJS, but
-         * only CommonJS-like environments that support module.exports,
-         * like Node.
-         */
-        module.exports = factory()
-    } else {
-        // Browser globals (root is window)
-        factory()(root.lunr);
-    }
-}(this, function () {
-    /**
-     * Just return a value to define the module export.
-     * This example returns an object, but the module
-     * can return a function as the exported value.
-     */
-
-    return function(lunr) {
-        // TinySegmenter 0.1 -- Super compact Japanese tokenizer in Javascript
-        // (c) 2008 Taku Kudo <taku@chasen.org>
-        // TinySegmenter is freely distributable under the terms of a new BSD licence.
-        // For details, see http://chasen.org/~taku/software/TinySegmenter/LICENCE.txt
-
-        function TinySegmenter() {
-          var patterns = {
-            "[一二三四五六七八九十百千万億兆]":"M",
-            "[一-龠々〆ヵヶ]":"H",
-            "[ぁ-ん]":"I",
-            "[ァ-ヴーｱ-ﾝﾞｰ]":"K",
-            "[a-zA-Zａ-ｚＡ-Ｚ]":"A",
-            "[0-9０-９]":"N"
-          }
-          this.chartype_ = [];
-          for (var i in patterns) {
-            var regexp = new RegExp(i);
-            this.chartype_.push([regexp, patterns[i]]);
-          }
-
-          this.BIAS__ = -332
-          this.BC1__ = {"HH":6,"II":2461,"KH":406,"OH":-1378};
-          this.BC2__ = {"AA":-3267,"AI":2744,"AN":-878,"HH":-4070,"HM":-1711,"HN":4012,"HO":3761,"IA":1327,"IH":-1184,"II":-1332,"IK":1721,"IO":5492,"KI":3831,"KK":-8741,"MH":-3132,"MK":3334,"OO":-2920};
-          this.BC3__ = {"HH":996,"HI":626,"HK":-721,"HN":-1307,"HO":-836,"IH":-301,"KK":2762,"MK":1079,"MM":4034,"OA":-1652,"OH":266};
-          this.BP1__ = {"BB":295,"OB":304,"OO":-125,"UB":352};
-          this.BP2__ = {"BO":60,"OO":-1762};
-          this.BQ1__ = {"BHH":1150,"BHM":1521,"BII":-1158,"BIM":886,"BMH":1208,"BNH":449,"BOH":-91,"BOO":-2597,"OHI":451,"OIH":-296,"OKA":1851,"OKH":-1020,"OKK":904,"OOO":2965};
-          this.BQ2__ = {"BHH":118,"BHI":-1159,"BHM":466,"BIH":-919,"BKK":-1720,"BKO":864,"OHH":-1139,"OHM":-181,"OIH":153,"UHI":-1146};
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-            var w6 = seg[i+2];
-            var c1 = ctype[i-3];
-            var c2 = ctype[i-2];
-            var c3 = ctype[i-1];
-            var c4 = ctype[i];
-            var c5 = ctype[i+1];
-            var c6 = ctype[i+2];
-            score += this.ts_(this.UP1__[p1]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UP2__[p2]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UP3__[p3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BP1__[p1 + p2]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BP2__[p2 + p3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW1__[w1]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW2__[w2]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW3__[w3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW4__[w4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW5__[w5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UW6__[w6]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BW1__[w2 + w3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BW2__[w3 + w4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BW3__[w4 + w5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TW1__[w1 + w2 + w3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TW2__[w2 + w3 + w4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TW3__[w3 + w4 + w5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TW4__[w4 + w5 + w6]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC1__[c1]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC2__[c2]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC3__[c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC4__[c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC5__[c5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UC6__[c6]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BC1__[c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BC2__[c3 + c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BC3__[c4 + c5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TC1__[c1 + c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TC2__[c2 + c3 + c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TC3__[c3 + c4 + c5]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TC4__[c4 + c5 + c6]);
-        //  score += this.ts_(this.TC5__[c4 + c5 + c6]);    
-            score += this.ts_(this.UQ1__[p1 + c1]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UQ2__[p2 + c2]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.UQ3__[p3 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BQ1__[p2 + c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BQ2__[p2 + c3 + c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BQ3__[p3 + c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.BQ4__[p3 + c3 + c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TQ1__[p2 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TQ2__[p2 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TQ3__[p3 + c1 + c2 + c3]);
-            score += this.ts_(this.TQ4__[p3 + c2 + c3 + c4]);
-            var p = "O";
-            if (score > 0) {
-              result.push(word);
-              word = "";
-              p = "B";
-            }
-            p1 = p2;
-            p2 = p3;
-            p3 = p;
-            word += seg[i];
-          }
-          result.push(word);
-
-          return result;
-        }
-
-        lunr.TinySegmenter = TinySegmenter;
-    };
-
-}));

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master/index.html

@@ -1,443 +0,0 @@
-
-<!doctype html>
-<html lang="en" class="no-js">
-  <head>
-    
-      <meta charset="utf-8">
-      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
-      
-      
-      
-      
-      
-        <link rel="next" href="sophia_syntax/">
-      
-      <link rel="icon" href="favicon.png">
-      <meta name="generator" content="mkdocs-1.4.2, mkdocs-material-9.0.9">
-    
-    
-      
-        <title>æternity Sophia Language</title>
-      
-    
-    
-      <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/stylesheets/main.0d440cfe.min.css">
-      
-        
-        <link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/stylesheets/palette.2505c338.min.css">
-      
-      
-
-    
-    
-    
-      
-        
-        
-        <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin>
-        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,300i,400,400i,700,700i%7CRoboto+Mono:400,400i,700,700i&display=fallback">
-        <style>:root{--md-text-font:"Roboto";--md-code-font:"Roboto Mono"}</style>
-      
-    
-    
-    <script>__md_scope=new URL(".",location),__md_hash=e=>[...e].reduce((e,_)=>(e<<5)-e+_.charCodeAt(0),0),__md_get=(e,_=localStorage,t=__md_scope)=>JSON.parse(_.getItem(t.pathname+"."+e)),__md_set=(e,_,t=localStorage,a=__md_scope)=>{try{t.setItem(a.pathname+"."+e,JSON.stringify(_))}catch(e){}}</script>
-    
-      
-
-    
-    
-    
-  </head>
-  
-  
-    
-    
-      
-    
-    
-    
-    
-    <body dir="ltr" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="pink" data-md-color-accent="pink">
-  
-    
-    
-      <script>var palette=__md_get("__palette");if(palette&&"object"==typeof palette.color)for(var key of Object.keys(palette.color))document.body.setAttribute("data-md-color-"+key,palette.color[key])</script>
-    
-    <input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="drawer" type="checkbox" id="__drawer" autocomplete="off">
-    <input class="md-toggle" data-md-toggle="search" type="checkbox" id="__search" autocomplete="off">
-    <label class="md-overlay" for="__drawer"></label>
-    <div data-md-component="skip">
-      
-        
-        <a href="#introduction" class="md-skip">
-          Skip to content
-        </a>
-      
-    </div>
-    <div data-md-component="announce">
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-    
-      <div data-md-component="outdated" hidden>
-        
-          <aside class="md-banner md-banner--warning">
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-    
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-<header class="md-header" data-md-component="header">
-  <nav class="md-header__inner md-grid" aria-label="Header">
-    <a href="." title="æternity Sophia Language" class="md-header__button md-logo" aria-label="æternity Sophia Language" data-md-component="logo">
-      
-  
-  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 8a3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3m0 3.54C9.64 9.35 6.5 8 3 8v11c3.5 0 6.64 1.35 9 3.54 2.36-2.19 5.5-3.54 9-3.54V8c-3.5 0-6.64 1.35-9 3.54Z"/></svg>
-
-    </a>
-    <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__drawer">
-      <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M3 6h18v2H3V6m0 5h18v2H3v-2m0 5h18v2H3v-2Z"/></svg>
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-    <div class="md-header__title" data-md-component="header-title">
-      <div class="md-header__ellipsis">
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-            æternity Sophia Language
-          </span>
-        </div>
-        <div class="md-header__topic" data-md-component="header-topic">
-          <span class="md-ellipsis">
-            
-              Introduction
-            
-          </span>
-        </div>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-    
-      <form class="md-header__option" data-md-component="palette">
-        
-          
-          <input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="default" data-md-color-primary="pink" data-md-color-accent="pink"  aria-label="Switch to dark mode"  type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_1">
-          
-            <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to dark mode" for="__palette_2" hidden>
-              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="m17.75 4.09-2.53 1.94.91 3.06-2.63-1.81-2.63 1.81.91-3.06-2.53-1.94L12.44 4l1.06-3 1.06 3 3.19.09m3.5 6.91-1.64 1.25.59 1.98-1.7-1.17-1.7 1.17.59-1.98L15.75 11l2.06-.05L18.5 9l.69 1.95 2.06.05m-2.28 4.95c.83-.08 1.72 1.1 1.19 1.85-.32.45-.66.87-1.08 1.27C15.17 23 8.84 23 4.94 19.07c-3.91-3.9-3.91-10.24 0-14.14.4-.4.82-.76 1.27-1.08.75-.53 1.93.36 1.85 1.19-.27 2.86.69 5.83 2.89 8.02a9.96 9.96 0 0 0 8.02 2.89m-1.64 2.02a12.08 12.08 0 0 1-7.8-3.47c-2.17-2.19-3.33-5-3.49-7.82-2.81 3.14-2.7 7.96.31 10.98 3.02 3.01 7.84 3.12 10.98.31Z"/></svg>
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-        
-          
-          <input class="md-option" data-md-color-media="" data-md-color-scheme="slate" data-md-color-primary="pink" data-md-color-accent="pink"  aria-label="Switch to light mode"  type="radio" name="__palette" id="__palette_2">
-          
-            <label class="md-header__button md-icon" title="Switch to light mode" for="__palette_1" hidden>
-              <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M12 7a5 5 0 0 1 5 5 5 5 0 0 1-5 5 5 5 0 0 1-5-5 5 5 0 0 1 5-5m0 2a3 3 0 0 0-3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 3-3 3 3 0 0 0-3-3m0-7 2.39 3.42C13.65 5.15 12.84 5 12 5c-.84 0-1.65.15-2.39.42L12 2M3.34 7l4.16-.35A7.2 7.2 0 0 0 5.94 8.5c-.44.74-.69 1.5-.83 2.29L3.34 7m.02 10 1.76-3.77a7.131 7.131 0 0 0 2.38 4.14L3.36 17M20.65 7l-1.77 3.79a7.023 7.023 0 0 0-2.38-4.15l4.15.36m-.01 10-4.14.36c.59-.51 1.12-1.14 1.54-1.86.42-.73.69-1.5.83-2.29L20.64 17M12 22l-2.41-3.44c.74.27 1.55.44 2.41.44.82 0 1.63-.17 2.37-.44L12 22Z"/></svg>
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-          
-        
-      </form>
-    
-    
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-      <label class="md-header__button md-icon" for="__search">
-        <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path d="M9.5 3A6.5 6.5 0 0 1 16 9.5c0 1.61-.59 3.09-1.56 4.23l.27.27h.79l5 5-1.5 1.5-5-5v-.79l-.27-.27A6.516 6.516 0 0 1 9.5 16 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 3 9.5 6.5 6.5 0 0 1 9.5 3m0 2C7 5 5 7 5 9.5S7 14 9.5 14 14 12 14 9.5 12 5 9.5 5Z"/></svg>
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-      <div class="md-search" data-md-component="search" role="dialog">
-  <label class="md-search__overlay" for="__search"></label>
-  <div class="md-search__inner" role="search">
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-<h1 id="contract-examples">Contract examples</h1>
-<h2 id="crowdfunding">Crowdfunding</h2>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="cm">/*</span>
-<span class="cm"> * A simple crowd-funding example</span>
-<span class="cm"> */</span>
-<span class="k">contract</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">FundMe</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">record</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">spend_args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recipient</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">address</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                        </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">record</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">map</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">address</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">),</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">address</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                   </span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">spend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">spend_args</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nc">Chain</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">spend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">recipient</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">args</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">entrypoint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">init</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{},</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w">         </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="w">          </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">}</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">is_contributor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">addr</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nc">Map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">member</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">addr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">entrypoint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contribute</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Chain</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">block_height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">spend</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">recipient</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Refund money</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="kc">false</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="k">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="k">switch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">lookup</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nf">None</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="nf">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">n</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">n</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="nb">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">                 </span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">@</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">tot</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">value</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="kc">true</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">entrypoint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">withdraw</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Chain</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">block_height</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">deadline</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="nb">abort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Cannot withdraw before deadline&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">==</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">withdraw_beneficiary</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">elif</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">is_contributor</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="n">withdraw_contributor</span><span class="p">()</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="nb">abort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Not a contributor or beneficiary&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">withdraw_beneficiary</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">require</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s2">&quot;Project was not funded&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">spend</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="n">recipient</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">beneficiary</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">           </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Contract</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">balance</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span>
-
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">stateful</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">withdraw_contributor</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">total</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&gt;=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">goal</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="nb">abort</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Project was funded&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Call</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">caller</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">spend</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="n">recipient</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">,</span>
-<span class="w">           </span><span class="n">amount</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">]})</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="nb">put</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">state</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">contributions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">@</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">Map</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="n">delete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">c</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">})</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h2 id="repositories">Repositories</h2>
-<p>This is a list with repositories that include smart contracts written in Sophia:</p>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="https://github.com/aeternity/aepp-sophia-examples">aepp-sophia-examples</a><ul>
-<li>A repository that contains lots of different examples. The functionality of these examples is - to some extent - also covered by tests written in JavaScript.</li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ul>
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-<h1 id="syntax">Syntax</h1>
-<h2 id="lexical-syntax">Lexical syntax</h2>
-<h3 id="comments">Comments</h3>
-<p>Single line comments start with <code>//</code> and block comments are enclosed in <code>/*</code>
-and <code>*/</code> and can be nested.</p>
-<h3 id="keywords">Keywords</h3>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>contract include let switch type record datatype if elif else function
-stateful payable true false mod public entrypoint private indexed namespace
-interface main using as for hiding
-</code></pre></div>
-<h3 id="tokens">Tokens</h3>
-<ul>
-<li><code>Id = [a-z_][A-Za-z0-9_']*</code> identifiers start with a lower case letter.</li>
-<li><code>Con = [A-Z][A-Za-z0-9_']*</code> constructors start with an upper case letter.</li>
-<li><code>QId = (Con\.)+Id</code> qualified identifiers (e.g. <code>Map.member</code>)</li>
-<li><code>QCon = (Con\.)+Con</code> qualified constructor</li>
-<li><code>TVar = 'Id</code> type variable (e.g <code>'a</code>, <code>'b</code>)</li>
-<li><code>Int = [0-9]+(_[0-9]+)*|0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+(_[0-9A-Fa-f]+)*</code> integer literal with optional <code>_</code> separators</li>
-<li><code>Bytes = #[0-9A-Fa-f]+(_[0-9A-Fa-f]+)*</code> byte array literal with optional <code>_</code> separators</li>
-<li><code>String</code> string literal enclosed in <code>"</code> with escape character <code>\</code></li>
-<li><code>Char</code> character literal enclosed in <code>'</code> with escape character <code>\</code></li>
-<li><code>AccountAddress</code> base58-encoded 32 byte account pubkey with <code>ak_</code> prefix</li>
-<li><code>ContractAddress</code> base58-encoded 32 byte contract address with <code>ct_</code> prefix</li>
-<li><code>OracleAddress</code> base58-encoded 32 byte oracle address with <code>ok_</code> prefix</li>
-<li><code>OracleQueryId</code> base58-encoded 32 byte oracle query id with <code>oq_</code> prefix</li>
-</ul>
-<p>Valid string escape codes are</p>
-<table>
-<thead>
-<tr>
-<th>Escape</th>
-<th>ASCII</th>
-<th></th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\b</code></td>
-<td>8</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\t</code></td>
-<td>9</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\n</code></td>
-<td>10</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\v</code></td>
-<td>11</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\f</code></td>
-<td>12</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\r</code></td>
-<td>13</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\e</code></td>
-<td>27</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>\xHexDigits</code></td>
-<td><em>HexDigits</em></td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<p>See the <a href="https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/node/api/api_encoding.md">identifier encoding scheme</a> for the
-details on the base58 literals.</p>
-<h2 id="layout-blocks">Layout blocks</h2>
-<p>Sophia uses Python-style layout rules to group declarations and statements. A
-layout block with more than one element must start on a separate line and be
-indented more than the currently enclosing layout block. Blocks with a single
-element can be written on the same line as the previous token.</p>
-<p>Each element of the block must share the same indentation and no part of an
-element may be indented less than the indentation of the block. For instance</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">contract</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Layout</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// no layout</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">function</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">bar</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// layout block starts on next line</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">foo</span><span class="p">()</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// indented more than 2 spaces</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="n">x</span>
-<span class="w">     </span><span class="ow">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// the &#39;+&#39; is indented more than the &#39;x&#39;</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h2 id="notation">Notation</h2>
-<p>In describing the syntax below, we use the following conventions:</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Upper-case identifiers denote non-terminals (like <code>Expr</code>) or terminals with
-  some associated value (like <code>Id</code>).</li>
-<li>Keywords and symbols are enclosed in single quotes: <code>'let'</code> or <code>'='</code>.</li>
-<li>Choices are separated by vertical bars: <code>|</code>.</li>
-<li>Optional elements are enclosed in <code>[</code> square brackets <code>]</code>.</li>
-<li><code>(</code> Parentheses <code>)</code> are used for grouping.</li>
-<li>Zero or more repetitions are denoted by a postfix <code>*</code>, and one or more
-  repetitions by a <code>+</code>.</li>
-<li><code>Block(X)</code> denotes a layout block of <code>X</code>s.</li>
-<li><code>Sep(X, S)</code> is short for <code>[X (S X)*]</code>, i.e. a possibly empty sequence of <code>X</code>s
-  separated by <code>S</code>s.</li>
-<li><code>Sep1(X, S)</code> is short for <code>X (S X)*</code>, i.e. same as <code>Sep</code>, but must not be empty.</li>
-</ul>
-<h2 id="declarations">Declarations</h2>
-<p>A Sophia file consists of a sequence of <em>declarations</em> in a layout block.</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">File</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">TopDecl</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">TopDecl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">payable</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">main</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">contract</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Implement</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Decl</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">contract</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="n">interface</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">Implement</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Decl</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">namespace</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Decl</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;@</span><span class="n">compiler</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">PragmaOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Version</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">include</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Using</span>
-
-<span class="n">Implement</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">Decl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">type</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TVar</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TypeAlias</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">record</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TVar</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">RecordType</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">datatype</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TVar</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">DataType</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">let</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">EModifier</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">entrypoint</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">FModifier</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">function</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FunDecl</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Using</span>
-
-<span class="n">FunDecl</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w">                             </span><span class="c1">// Type signature</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// Definition</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GuardedDef</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="c1">// Guarded definitions</span>
-
-<span class="n">GuardedDef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;|&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">Using</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">using</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">as</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">UsingParts</span><span class="p">]</span>
-<span class="n">UsingParts</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">for</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span>
-<span class="w">             </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">hiding</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span>
-
-<span class="n">PragmaOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;&lt;&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&lt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;&gt;&#39;</span>
-<span class="n">Version</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;.&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">EModifier</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">payable</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">stateful</span><span class="err">&#39;</span>
-<span class="n">FModifier</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">stateful</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">private</span><span class="err">&#39;</span>
-
-<span class="n">Args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>Contract declarations must appear at the top-level.</p>
-<p>For example,
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">contract</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Test</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="k">entrypoint</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">add</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">t</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">+</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span>
-</code></pre></div></p>
-<p>There are three forms of type declarations: type aliases (declared with the
-<code>type</code> keyword), record type definitions (<code>record</code>) and data type definitions
-(<code>datatype</code>):</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">TypeAlias</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span>
-<span class="n">RecordType</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;{&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FieldType</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;}&#39;</span>
-<span class="n">DataType</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ConDecl</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;|&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">FieldType</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span>
-<span class="n">ConDecl</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="p">]</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>For example,
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">record</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">y</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">}</span>
-<span class="k">datatype</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Circle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">Rect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">),</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">point</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<span class="k">type</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="n">int_shape</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="p">)</span>
-</code></pre></div></p>
-<h2 id="types">Types</h2>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Domain</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// Function type</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// Type application</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// Parens</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">unit</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;*&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// Tuples</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">QId</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">TVar</span>
-
-<span class="n">Domain</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// Single argument</span>
-<span class="w">         </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">     </span><span class="c1">// Multiple arguments</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p>The function type arrow associates to the right.</p>
-<p>Example,
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nv">&#39;a</span><span class="p">))</span>
-</code></pre></div></p>
-<h2 id="statements">Statements</h2>
-<p>Function bodies are blocks of <em>statements</em>, where a statement is one of the following</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">switch</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Case</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">if</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">elif</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">else</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">let</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LetDef</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Using</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span>
-
-<span class="n">LetDef</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Args</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// Function definition</span>
-<span class="w">         </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// Value definition</span>
-
-<span class="n">Case</span><span class="w">    </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">          </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">GuardedCase</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">GuardedCase</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;|&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span>
-
-<span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<p><code>if</code> statements can be followed by zero or more <code>elif</code> statements and an optional final <code>else</code> statement. For example,</p>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="k">let</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">x</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kt">int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">4</span>
-<span class="k">switch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">f</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">))</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="nf">None</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">0</span>
-<span class="w">  </span><span class="nf">Some</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">=&gt;</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">if</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&gt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="s2">&quot;too big&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">elif</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="ow">&lt;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="s2">&quot;too small&quot;</span>
-<span class="w">    </span><span class="k">else</span>
-<span class="w">      </span><span class="s2">&quot;just right&quot;</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h2 id="expressions">Expressions</h2>
-<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LamArgs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&gt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Block</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Stmt</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// Anonymous function    (x) =&gt; x + 1</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BinOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">                      </span><span class="c1">// Operator lambda       (+)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">if</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">else</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// If expression         if(x &lt; y) y else x</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="w">                      </span><span class="c1">// Type annotation       5 : int</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">BinOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w">                    </span><span class="c1">// Binary operator       x + y</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">UnOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w">                          </span><span class="c1">// Unary operator        ! b</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// Application           f(x, y)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;.&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w">                        </span><span class="c1">// Projection            state.x</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="w">                  </span><span class="c1">// Map lookup            map[key]</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;{&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FieldUpdate</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;}&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="c1">// Record or map update  r{ fld[key].x = y }</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// List                  [1, 2, 3]</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;|&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Generator</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span>
-<span class="w">                                            </span><span class="c1">// List comprehension    [k | x &lt;- [1], if (f(x)), let k = x+1]</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="p">..</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="w">             </span><span class="c1">// List range            [1..n]</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;{&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FieldUpdate</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;}&#39;</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// Record or map value   {x = 0, y = 1}, {[key] = val}</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">                       </span><span class="c1">// Parens                (1 + 2) * 3</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// Assign pattern        (y = x::_)</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Con</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">QId</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">QCon</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// Identifiers           x, None, Map.member, AELib.Token</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Int</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Bytes</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">String</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Char</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// Literals              123, 0xff, #00abc123, &quot;foo&quot;, &#39;%&#39;</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">AccountAddress</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">ContractAddress</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// Chain identifiers</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OracleAddress</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">OracleQueryId</span><span class="w">      </span><span class="c1">// Chain identifiers</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">???</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w">                              </span><span class="c1">// Hole expression       1 + ???</span>
-
-<span class="n">Generator</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Pattern</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">&lt;-</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// Generator</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="k">if</span><span class="sc">&#39; &#39;</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span><span class="w">   </span><span class="c1">// Guard</span>
-<span class="w">            </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">LetDef</span><span class="w">              </span><span class="c1">// Definition</span>
-
-<span class="n">LamArgs</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;(&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Sep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">LamArg</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;,&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;)&#39;</span>
-<span class="n">LamArg</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">[</span><span class="sc">&#39;:&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Type</span><span class="p">]</span>
-
-<span class="n">FieldUpdate</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;=&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span>
-<span class="n">Path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w">                 </span><span class="c1">// Record field</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="w">       </span><span class="c1">// Map key</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;.&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Id</span><span class="w">        </span><span class="c1">// Nested record field</span>
-<span class="w">       </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Path</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;[&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">Expr</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;]&#39;</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="c1">// Nested map key</span>
-
-<span class="n">BinOp</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">||</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;&lt;&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;&gt;&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">=&lt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">&gt;=</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">==</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">!=</span><span class="err">&#39;</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">::</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">++</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;+&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;-&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;*&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;/&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="n">mod</span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;^&#39;</span>
-<span class="w">        </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="err">&#39;</span><span class="o">|&gt;</span><span class="err">&#39;</span>
-<span class="n">UnOp</span><span class="w">  </span><span class="o">::=</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;-&#39;</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">|</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="sc">&#39;!&#39;</span>
-</code></pre></div>
-<h2 id="operators-types">Operators types</h2>
-<table>
-<thead>
-<tr>
-<th>Operators</th>
-<th>Type</th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td><code>-</code> <code>+</code> <code>*</code> <code>/</code> <code>mod</code> <code>^</code></td>
-<td>arithmetic operators</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>!</code> <code>&amp;&amp;</code> <code>||</code></td>
-<td>logical operators</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>==</code> <code>!=</code> <code>&lt;</code> <code>&gt;</code> <code>=&lt;</code> <code>&gt;=</code></td>
-<td>comparison operators</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>::</code> <code>++</code></td>
-<td>list operators</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>|&gt;</code></td>
-<td>functional operators</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-<h2 id="operator-precedence">Operator precedence</h2>
-<p>In order of highest to lowest precedence.</p>
-<table>
-<thead>
-<tr>
-<th>Operators</th>
-<th>Associativity</th>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td><code>!</code></td>
-<td>right</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>^</code></td>
-<td>left</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>*</code> <code>/</code> <code>mod</code></td>
-<td>left</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>-</code> (unary)</td>
-<td>right</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>+</code> <code>-</code></td>
-<td>left</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>::</code> <code>++</code></td>
-<td>right</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>&lt;</code> <code>&gt;</code> <code>=&lt;</code> <code>&gt;=</code> <code>==</code> <code>!=</code></td>
-<td>none</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>&amp;&amp;</code></td>
-<td>right</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>||</code></td>
-<td>right</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><code>|&gt;</code></td>
-<td>left</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-
-
-
-
-
-                
-              </article>
-            </div>
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priv/stdlib/Func.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+namespace Func =
+
+  function id(x : 'a) : 'a = x
+
+  function const(x : 'a) : 'b => 'a = (y) => x
+
+  function flip(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : ('b, 'a) => 'c = (b, a) => f(a, b)
+
+  function comp(f : 'b => 'c, g : 'a => 'b) : 'a => 'c = (x) => f(g(x))
+
+  function pipe(f : 'a => 'b, g : 'b => 'c) : 'a => 'c = (x) => g(f(x))
+
+  function rapply(x : 'a, f : 'a => 'b) : 'b = f(x)
+
+  /* The Z combinator - replacement for local and anonymous recursion.
+   */
+  function recur(f : ('arg => 'res, 'arg) => 'res) : 'arg => 'res =
+    (x) => f(recur(f), x)
+
+  function iter(n : int, f : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a = iter_(n, f, (x) => x)
+  private function iter_(n : int, f : 'a => 'a, acc : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a =
+    if(n == 0) acc
+    elif(n == 1) comp(f, acc)
+    else iter_(n / 2, comp(f, f), if(n mod 2 == 0) acc else comp(f, acc))
+
+  function curry2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : 'a => ('b => 'c) =
+    (x) => (y) => f(x, y)
+  function curry3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd)) =
+    (x) => (y) => (z) => f(x, y, z)
+
+  function uncurry2(f : 'a => ('b => 'c)) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+    (x, y) => f(x)(y)
+  function uncurry3(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd))) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+    (x, y, z) => f(x)(y)(z)
+
+  function tuplify2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : (('a * 'b)) => 'c =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y) => f(x, y)
+  function tuplify3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y, z) => f(x, y, z)
+
+  function untuplify2(f : 'a * 'b => 'c) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+    (x, y) => f((x, y))
+  function untuplify3(f : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+    (x, y, z) => f((x, y, z))

priv/stdlib/List.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+include "ListInternal.aes"
+
+namespace List =
+
+  function is_empty(l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    [] => true
+    _  => false
+
+  function first(l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    h::_ => Some(h)
+
+  function tail(l : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    _::t => Some(t)
+
+  function last(l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []  => None
+    [x] => Some(x)
+    _::t => last(t)
+
+  function find(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    h::t => if(p(h)) Some(h) else find(p, t)
+
+  function find_indices(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list(int) = find_indices_(p, l, 0, [])
+  private function find_indices_( p : 'a => bool
+                                , l : list('a)
+                                , n : int
+                                , acc : list(int)
+                                ) : list(int) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => find_indices_(p, t, n+1, if(p(h)) n::acc else acc)
+
+  function nth(n : int, l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    h::t => if(n == 0) Some(h) else nth(n-1, t)
+
+  /* Unsafe version of `nth` */
+  function get(n : int, l : list('a)) : 'a = switch(l)
+    [] => abort("Out of index get")
+    h::t => if(n == 0) h else get(n-1, t)
+
+
+  function length(l : list('a)) : int = length_(l, 0)
+  private function length_(l : list('a), acc : int) : int = switch(l)
+    []   => acc
+    _::t => length_(t, acc + 1)
+
+
+  /* Unsafe. Replaces `n`th element of `l` with `e`. Crashes on over/underflow */
+  function replace_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else replace_at_(n, e, l, [])
+  private function replace_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   switch(l)
+     []   => abort("replace_at overflow")
+     h::t => if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ t
+             else replace_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+
+  /* Unsafe. Adds `e` to `l` to be its `n`th element. Crashes on over/underflow */
+  function insert_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else insert_at_(n, e, l, [])
+  private function insert_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ l
+   else switch(l)
+     []   => abort("insert_at overflow")
+     h::t => insert_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+
+  function insert_by(f : (('a, 'a) => bool), x : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    switch(l)
+      []        => [x]
+      (e :: l') =>
+        if(f(x, e))
+          e :: insert_by(f, x, l')
+        else
+          x :: l
+
+  function foldr(cons : ('a, 'b) => 'b, nil : 'b, l : list('a)) : 'b = switch(l)
+    []   => nil
+    h::t => cons(h, foldr(cons, nil, t))
+
+  function foldl(rcons : ('b, 'a) => 'b, acc : 'b, l : list('a)) : 'b = switch(l)
+    []   => acc
+    h::t => foldl(rcons, rcons(acc, h), t)
+
+  function foreach(f : 'a => unit, l : list('a)) : unit =
+    switch(l)
+     []   => ()
+     e :: l' =>
+       f(e)
+       foreach(f, l')
+
+  function reverse(l : list('a)) : list('a) = foldl((lst, el) => el :: lst, [], l)
+
+  function map(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a)) : list('b) = map_(f, l, [])
+  private function map_(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a), acc : list('b)) : list('b) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => map_(f, t, f(h)::acc)
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => list('b), l : list('a)) : list('b) =
+    ListInternal.flat_map(f, l)
+
+  function filter(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = filter_(p, l, [])
+  private function filter_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => filter_(p, t, if(p(h)) h::acc else acc)
+
+  /* Take `n` first elements */
+  function take(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n < 0) abort("Take negative number of elements") else take_(n, l, [])
+  private function take_(n : int, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n == 0) reverse(acc)
+    else switch(l)
+      []   => reverse(acc)
+      h::t => take_(n-1, t, h::acc)
+
+  /* Drop `n` first elements */
+  function drop(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if(n < 0) abort("Drop negative number of elements")
+   elif (n == 0) l
+   else switch(l)
+      []   => []
+      h::t => drop(n-1, t)
+
+  /* Get the longest prefix of a list in which every element matches predicate `p` */
+  function take_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = take_while_(p, l, [])
+  private function take_while_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => if(p(h)) take_while_(p, t, h::acc) else reverse(acc)
+
+  /* Drop elements from `l` until `p` holds */
+  function drop_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => if(p(h)) drop_while(p, t) else l
+
+  /* Splits list into two lists of elements that respectively match and don't match predicate `p` */
+  function partition(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : (list('a) * list('a)) = partition_(p, l, [], [])
+  private function partition_( p : 'a => bool
+                             , l : list('a)
+                             , acc_t : list('a)
+                             , acc_f : list('a)
+                             ) : (list('a) * list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => (reverse(acc_t), reverse(acc_f))
+    h::t => if(p(h)) partition_(p, t, h::acc_t, acc_f) else partition_(p, t, acc_t, h::acc_f)
+
+
+  function concats(ll : list(list('a))) : list('a) = foldr((l1, l2) => l1 ++ l2, [], ll)
+
+  function all(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    []   => true
+    h::t => if(p(h)) all(p, t) else false
+
+  function any(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    []   => false
+    h::t => if(p(h)) true else any(p, t)
+
+  function sum(l : list(int)) : int = foldl ((a, b) => a + b, 0, l)
+
+  function product(l : list(int)) : int = foldl((a, b) => a * b, 1, l)
+
+
+  /* Zips two list by applying bimapping function on respective elements. Drops longer tail. */
+  function zip_with(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c, l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('c) = zip_with_(f, l1, l2, [])
+  private function zip_with_( f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
+                            , l1 : list('a)
+                            , l2 : list('b)
+                            , acc : list('c)
+                            ) : list('c) = switch ((l1, l2))
+    (h1::t1, h2::t2) => zip_with_(f, t1, t2, f(h1, h2)::acc)
+    _ => reverse(acc)
+
+  /* Zips two lists into list of pairs. Drops longer tail. */
+  function zip(l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('a * 'b) = zip_with((a, b) => (a, b), l1, l2)
+
+  function unzip(l : list('a * 'b)) : list('a) * list('b) = unzip_(l, [], [])
+  private function unzip_( l     : list('a * 'b)
+                         , acc_l : list('a)
+                         , acc_r : list('b)
+                         ) : (list('a) * list('b)) = switch(l)
+    []               => (reverse(acc_l), reverse(acc_r))
+    (left, right)::t => unzip_(t, left::acc_l, right::acc_r)
+
+
+  // TODO: Improve?
+  function sort(lesser_cmp : ('a, 'a) => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => switch (partition((x) => lesser_cmp(x, h), t))
+      (lesser, bigger) => sort(lesser_cmp, lesser) ++ h::sort(lesser_cmp, bigger)
+
+
+  function intersperse(delim : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) = intersperse_(delim, l, [])
+  private function intersperse_(delim : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    [e]  => reverse(e::acc)
+    h::t => intersperse_(delim, t, delim::h::acc)
+
+
+  function enumerate(l : list('a)) : list(int * 'a) = enumerate_(l, 0, [])
+  private function enumerate_(l : list('a), n : int, acc : list(int * 'a)) : list(int * 'a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => enumerate_(t, n + 1, (n, h)::acc)
+

priv/stdlib/ListInternal.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace ListInternal =
+
+  // -- Flatmap ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => list('b), xs : list('a)) : list('b) =
+    switch(xs)
+      []      => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) ++ flat_map(f, xs)
+
+  // -- From..to ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  function from_to(a : int, b : int) : list(int) = from_to_(a, b, [])
+
+  private function from_to_(a, b, acc) =
+    if (a > b) acc else from_to_(a, b - 1, b :: acc)
+

priv/stdlib/Option.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+include "List.aes"
+
+namespace Option =
+
+  function is_none(o : option('a)) : bool = switch(o)
+    None => true
+    Some(_) => false
+
+  function is_some(o : option('a)) : bool = switch(o)
+    None => false
+    Some(_) => true
+
+
+  function match(n : 'b, s : 'a => 'b, o : option('a)) : 'b = switch(o)
+    None => n
+    Some(x) => s(x)
+
+  function default(def : 'a, o : option('a)) : 'a = match(def, (x) => x, o)
+
+  function force(o : option('a)) : 'a = default(abort("Forced None value"), o)
+
+  function on_elem(f : 'a => unit, o : option('a)) : unit = match((), f, o)
+
+  function map(f : 'a => 'b, o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch(o)
+    None => None
+    Some(x) => Some(f(x))
+
+  function map2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
+               , o1 : option('a)
+               , o2 : option('b)
+               ) : option('c) = switch((o1, o2))
+    (Some(x1), Some(x2)) => Some(f(x1, x2))
+    _ => None
+
+  function map3( f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd
+               , o1 : option('a)
+               , o2 : option('b)
+               , o3 : option('c)
+               ) : option('d) = switch((o1, o2, o3))
+    (Some(x1), Some(x2), Some(x3)) => Some(f(x1, x2, x3))
+    _ => None
+
+  function app_over(f : option ('a => 'b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch((f, o))
+    (Some(ff), Some(xx)) => Some(ff(xx))
+    _ => None
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => option('b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch(o)
+    None => None
+    Some(x) => f(x)
+
+
+  function to_list(o : option('a)) : list('a) = switch(o)
+    None => []
+    Some(x) => [x]
+
+  function filter_options(l : list(option('a))) : list('a) = filter_options_(l, [])
+  private function filter_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []         => List.reverse(acc)
+    None::t    => filter_options_(t, acc)
+    Some(x)::t => filter_options_(t, x::acc)
+
+  function seq_options(l : list (option('a))) : option (list('a)) = seq_options_(l, [])
+  private function seq_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []         => Some(List.reverse(acc))
+    None::t    => None
+    Some(x)::t => seq_options_(t, x::acc)
+
+
+  function choose(o1 : option('a), o2 : option('a)) : option('a) =
+    if(is_some(o1)) o1 else o2
+
+  function choose_first(l : list(option('a))) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    [] => None
+    None::t    => choose_first(t)
+    Some(x)::_ => Some(x)
+

priv/stdlib/Pair.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+namespace Pair =
+
+  function fst(t : ('a * 'b)) : 'a = switch(t)
+    (x, _) => x
+
+  function snd(t : ('a * 'b)) : 'b = switch(t)
+    (_, y) => y
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'b) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (f(x), y)
+
+  function map2(f : 'b => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('a * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (x, f(y))
+
+  function bimap(f : 'a => 'c, g : 'b => 'd, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'd) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (f(x), g(y))
+
+  function swap(t : ('a * 'b)) : ('b * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (y, x)
+

priv/stdlib/Triple.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+namespace Triple =
+
+  function fst(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'a = switch(t)
+    (x, _, _) => x
+
+  function snd(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'b = switch(t)
+    (_, y, _) => y
+
+  function thd(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'c = switch(t)
+    (_, _, z) => z
+
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('m * 'b * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (f(x), y, z)
+
+  function map2(f : 'b => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'm * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (x, f(y), z)
+
+  function map3(f : 'c => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'b * 'm) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (x, y, f(z))
+
+  function trimap( f : 'a => 'x
+                 , g : 'b => 'y
+                 , h : 'c => 'z
+                 , t : ('a * 'b * 'c)
+                 ) : ('x * 'y * 'z) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (f(x), g(y), h(z))
+
+  function swap(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'b * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (z, y, x)
+
+  function rotr(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'a * 'b) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (z, x, y)
+
+  function rotl(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('b * 'c * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (y, z, x)
+

rebar.config

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+%% -*- mode: erlang; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+
+{erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
+
+{deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git", {ref,"3f85375"}}}
+       , {getopt, "1.0.1"}
+       , {eblake2, "1.0.0"}
+       , {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
+                     {tag, "2.8.0"}}}
+       ]}.
+
+{dialyzer, [
+            {warnings, [unknown]},
+            {plt_apps, all_deps},
+            {base_plt_apps, [erts, kernel, stdlib, crypto, mnesia]}
+           ]}.
+
+{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "4.0.0-rc1"},
+         [aesophia, aebytecode, getopt]},
+
+        {dev_mode, true},
+        {include_erts, false},
+
+        {extended_start_script, true}]}.

rebar.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+{"1.1.0",
+[{<<"aebytecode">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git",
+       {ref,"3f85375cb2288083e442541d5b53f9705f22053a"}},
+  0},
+ {<<"aeserialization">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aeserialization.git",
+       {ref,"816bf994ffb5cee218c3f22dc5fea296c9e0882e"}},
+  1},
+ {<<"base58">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/erl-base58.git",
+       {ref,"60a335668a60328a29f9731b67c4a0e9e3d50ab6"}},
+  2},
+ {<<"eblake2">>,{pkg,<<"eblake2">>,<<"1.0.0">>},0},
+ {<<"getopt">>,{pkg,<<"getopt">>,<<"1.0.1">>},0},
+ {<<"jsx">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
+       {ref,"3074d4865b3385a050badf7828ad31490d860df5"}},
+  0}]}.
+[
+{pkg_hash,[
+ {<<"eblake2">>, <<"EC8AD20E438AAB3F2E8D5D118C366A0754219195F8A0F536587440F8F9BCF2EF">>},
+ {<<"getopt">>, <<"C73A9FA687B217F2FF79F68A3B637711BB1936E712B521D8CE466B29CBF7808A">>}]}
+].

src/aeso_aci.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Robert Virding
+%%% @copyright (C) 2019, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     ACI interface
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 12 Jan 2019
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_aci).
+
+-export([ file/2
+        , file/3
+        , contract_interface/2
+        , contract_interface/3
+
+        , render_aci_json/1
+
+        , json_encode_expr/1
+        , json_encode_type/1]).
+
+-type aci_type()  :: json | string.
+-type json()      :: jsx:json_term().
+-type json_text() :: binary().
+
+%% External API
+-spec file(aci_type(), string()) -> {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}.
+file(Type, File) ->
+    file(Type, File, []).
+
+file(Type, File, Options0) ->
+    Options = aeso_compiler:add_include_path(File, Options0),
+    case file:read_file(File) of
+        {ok, BinCode} ->
+            do_contract_interface(Type, binary_to_list(BinCode), Options);
+        {error, _} = Err -> Err
+    end.
+
+-spec contract_interface(aci_type(), string()) ->
+    {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}.
+contract_interface(Type, ContractString) ->
+    contract_interface(Type, ContractString, []).
+
+-spec contract_interface(aci_type(), string(), [term()]) ->
+    {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}.
+contract_interface(Type, ContractString, CompilerOpts) ->
+    do_contract_interface(Type, ContractString, CompilerOpts).
+
+-spec render_aci_json(json() | json_text()) -> {ok, binary()}.
+render_aci_json(Json) ->
+    do_render_aci_json(Json).
+
+-spec json_encode_expr(aeso_syntax:expr()) -> json().
+json_encode_expr(Expr) ->
+    encode_expr(Expr).
+
+-spec json_encode_type(aeso_syntax:type()) -> json().
+json_encode_type(Type) ->
+    encode_type(Type).
+
+%% Internal functions
+do_contract_interface(Type, Contract, Options) when is_binary(Contract) ->
+    do_contract_interface(Type, binary_to_list(Contract), Options);
+do_contract_interface(Type, ContractString, Options) ->
+    try
+        Ast = aeso_compiler:parse(ContractString, Options),
+        %% io:format("~p\n", [Ast]),
+        TypedAst = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [dont_unfold]),
+        %% io:format("~p\n", [TypedAst]),
+        JArray = [ encode_contract(C) || C <- TypedAst ],
+
+        case Type of
+            json   -> {ok, JArray};
+            string -> do_render_aci_json(JArray)
+        end
+    catch
+        %% The compiler errors.
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{code_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", Errors,
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+        %% General programming errors in the compiler just signal error.
+    end.
+
+join_errors(Prefix, Errors, Pfun) ->
+    Ess = [ Pfun(E) || E <- Errors ],
+    list_to_binary(string:join([Prefix|Ess], "\n")).
+
+encode_contract(Contract = {contract, _, {con, _, Name}, _}) ->
+    C0 = #{name => encode_name(Name)},
+
+    Tdefs0 = [ encode_typedef(T) || T <- sort_decls(contract_types(Contract)) ],
+    FilterT = fun(N) -> fun(#{name := N1}) -> N == N1 end end,
+    {Es, Tdefs1} = lists:partition(FilterT(<<"event">>), Tdefs0),
+    {Ss, Tdefs}  = lists:partition(FilterT(<<"state">>), Tdefs1),
+
+    C1 = C0#{type_defs => Tdefs},
+
+    C2 = case Es of
+             []                 -> C1;
+             [#{typedef := ET}] -> C1#{event => ET}
+         end,
+
+    C3 = case Ss of
+             []                 -> C2;
+             [#{typedef := ST}] -> C2#{state => ST}
+         end,
+
+    Fdefs  = [ encode_function(F)
+               || F <- sort_decls(contract_funcs(Contract)),
+                  is_entrypoint(F) ],
+
+    #{contract => C3#{functions => Fdefs, payable => is_payable(Contract)}};
+encode_contract(Namespace = {namespace, _, {con, _, Name}, _}) ->
+    Tdefs = [ encode_typedef(T) || T <- sort_decls(contract_types(Namespace)) ],
+    #{namespace => #{name => encode_name(Name),
+                     type_defs => Tdefs}}.
+
+%%  Encode a function definition. Currently we are only interested in
+%%  the interface and type.
+encode_function(FDef = {letfun, _, {id, _, Name}, Args, Type, _}) ->
+    #{name      => encode_name(Name),
+      arguments => encode_args(Args),
+      returns   => encode_type(Type),
+      stateful  => is_stateful(FDef),
+      payable   => is_payable(FDef)};
+encode_function(FDecl = {fun_decl, _, {id, _, Name}, {fun_t, _, _, Args, Type}}) ->
+    #{name      => encode_name(Name),
+      arguments => encode_anon_args(Args),
+      returns   => encode_type(Type),
+      stateful  => is_stateful(FDecl),
+      payable   => is_payable(FDecl)}.
+
+encode_anon_args(Types) ->
+    Anons = [ list_to_binary("_" ++ integer_to_list(X)) || X <- lists:seq(1, length(Types))],
+    [ #{name => V, type => encode_type(T)}
+      || {V, T} <- lists:zip(Anons, Types) ].
+
+encode_args(Args) -> [ encode_arg(A) || A <- Args ].
+
+encode_arg({arg, _, Id, T}) ->
+    #{name => encode_type(Id),
+      type => encode_type(T)}.
+
+encode_typedef(Type) ->
+    Name = typedef_name(Type),
+    Vars = typedef_vars(Type),
+    Def  = typedef_def(Type),
+    #{name    => encode_name(Name),
+      vars    => encode_tvars(Vars),
+      typedef => encode_type(Def)}.
+
+encode_tvars(Vars) ->
+    [ #{name => encode_type(V)} || V <- Vars ].
+
+%% Encode type
+encode_type({tvar, _, N})         -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type({id, _, N})           -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type({con, _, N})          -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type({qid, _, Ns})         -> encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_type({qcon, _, Ns})        -> encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_type({tuple_t, _, As})     -> #{tuple => encode_types(As)};
+encode_type({bytes_t, _, Len})    -> #{bytes => Len};
+encode_type({record_t, Fs})       -> #{record => encode_type_fields(Fs)};
+encode_type({app_t, _, Id, Fs})   -> #{encode_type(Id) => encode_types(Fs)};
+encode_type({variant_t, Cs})      -> #{variant => encode_types(Cs)};
+encode_type({constr_t, _, C, As}) -> #{encode_type(C) => encode_types(As)};
+encode_type({alias_t, Type})      -> encode_type(Type);
+encode_type({fun_t, _, _, As, T}) -> #{function =>
+                                         #{arguments => encode_types(As),
+                                           returns => encode_type(T)}}.
+
+encode_types(Ts) -> [ encode_type(T) || T <- Ts ].
+
+encode_type_fields(Fs) -> [ encode_type_field(F) || F <- Fs ].
+
+encode_type_field({field_t, _, Id, T}) ->
+    #{name => encode_type(Id),
+      type => encode_type(T)}.
+
+encode_name(Name) when is_list(Name) ->
+    list_to_binary(Name);
+encode_name(Name) when is_binary(Name) ->
+    Name.
+
+%% Encode Expr
+encode_exprs(Es) -> [ encode_expr(E) || E <- Es ].
+
+encode_expr({id, _, N})     -> encode_name(N);
+encode_expr({con, _, N})    -> encode_name(N);
+encode_expr({qid, _, Ns})   -> encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_expr({qcon, _, Ns})  -> encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_expr({typed, _, E})  -> encode_expr(E);
+encode_expr({bool, _, B})   -> B;
+encode_expr({int, _, V})    -> V;
+encode_expr({string, _, S}) -> S;
+encode_expr({tuple, _, As}) -> encode_exprs(As);
+encode_expr({list, _, As})  -> encode_exprs(As);
+encode_expr({bytes, _, B})  ->
+    Digits = byte_size(B),
+    <<N:Digits/unit:8>> = B,
+    list_to_binary(lists:flatten(io_lib:format("#~*.16.0b", [Digits*2, N])));
+encode_expr({Lit, _, L}) when Lit == oracle_pubkey; Lit == oracle_query_id;
+                              Lit == contract_pubkey; Lit == account_pubkey ->
+    aeser_api_encoder:encode(Lit, L);
+encode_expr({app, _, F, As}) ->
+    Ef = encode_expr(F),
+    Eas = encode_exprs(As),
+    #{Ef => Eas};
+encode_expr({record, _, Flds}) -> maps:from_list(encode_fields(Flds));
+encode_expr({map, _, KVs})     -> [ [encode_expr(K), encode_expr(V)] || {K, V} <- KVs ];
+encode_expr({Op,_Ann}) ->
+    error({encode_expr_todo, Op}).
+
+encode_fields(Flds) -> [ encode_field(F) || F <- Flds ].
+
+encode_field({field, _, [{proj, _, {id, _, Fld}}], Val}) ->
+    {encode_name(Fld), encode_expr(Val)}.
+
+do_render_aci_json(Json) ->
+    Contracts =
+        case Json of
+            JArray when is_list(JArray)  -> JArray;
+            JObject when is_map(JObject) -> [JObject];
+            JText when is_binary(JText)  ->
+                case jsx:decode(Json, [{labels, atom}, return_maps]) of
+                    JArray when is_list(JArray)  -> JArray;
+                    JObject when is_map(JObject) -> [JObject];
+                    _                            -> error(bad_aci_json)
+                end
+        end,
+    DecodedContracts = [ decode_contract(C) || C <- Contracts ],
+    {ok, list_to_binary(string:join(DecodedContracts, "\n"))}.
+
+decode_contract(#{contract := #{name := Name,
+                                payable := Payable,
+                                type_defs := Ts0,
+                                functions := Fs} = C}) ->
+    MkTDef = fun(N, T) -> #{name => N, vars => [], typedef => T} end,
+    Ts = [ MkTDef(<<"state">>, maps:get(state, C)) || maps:is_key(state, C) ] ++
+         [ MkTDef(<<"event">>, maps:get(event, C)) || maps:is_key(event, C) ] ++ Ts0,
+    [payable(Payable), "contract ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
+     decode_tdefs(Ts), decode_funcs(Fs)];
+decode_contract(#{namespace := #{name := Name, type_defs := Ts}}) when Ts /= [] ->
+    ["namespace ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
+     decode_tdefs(Ts)];
+decode_contract(_) -> [].
+
+decode_funcs(Fs) -> [ decode_func(F) || F <- Fs ].
+
+%% decode_func(#{name := init}) -> [];
+decode_func(#{name := Name, payable := Payable, arguments := As, returns := T}) ->
+    ["  ", payable(Payable), "entrypoint ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name]), " : ",
+     decode_args(As), " => ", decode_type(T), $\n].
+
+decode_args(As) ->
+    Das = [ decode_arg(A) || A <- As ],
+    [$(,lists:join(", ", Das),$)].
+
+decode_arg(#{type := T}) -> decode_type(T).
+
+decode_types(Ets) ->
+    [ decode_type(Et) || Et <- Ets ].
+
+decode_type(#{tuple := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    case Ts of
+        [] -> ["unit"];
+        _ -> [$(,lists:join(" * ", Ts),$)]
+    end;
+decode_type(#{record := Efs}) ->
+    Fs = decode_fields(Efs),
+    [${,lists:join(",", Fs),$}];
+decode_type(#{list := [Et]}) ->
+    T = decode_type(Et),
+    ["list",$(,T,$)];
+decode_type(#{map := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    ["map",$(,lists:join(",", Ts),$)];
+decode_type(#{bytes := Len}) ->
+    ["bytes(", integer_to_list(Len), ")"];
+decode_type(#{variant := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    lists:join(" | ", Ts);
+decode_type(#{function := #{arguments := Args, returns := R}}) ->
+    [decode_type(#{tuple => Args}), " => ", decode_type(R)];
+decode_type(Econs) when is_map(Econs) ->	%General constructor
+    [{Ec,Ets}] = maps:to_list(Econs),
+    AppName = decode_name(Ec),
+    AppArgs = decode_types(Ets),
+    case AppArgs of
+        [] -> [AppName];
+        _  -> [AppName,$(,lists:join(", ", AppArgs),$)]
+    end;
+decode_type(T) ->				%Just raw names.
+    decode_name(T).
+
+decode_name(En) when is_atom(En)   -> erlang:atom_to_list(En);
+decode_name(En) when is_binary(En) -> binary_to_list(En).
+
+decode_fields(Efs) ->
+    [ decode_field(Ef) || Ef <- Efs ].
+
+decode_field(#{name := En, type := Et}) ->
+    Name = decode_name(En),
+    Type = decode_type(Et),
+    [Name," : ",Type].
+
+%% decode_tdefs(Json) -> [TypeString].
+%%  Here we are only interested in the type definitions and ignore the
+%%  aliases. We find them as they always have variants.
+
+decode_tdefs(Ts) -> [ decode_tdef(T) || T <- Ts ].
+
+decode_tdef(#{name := Name, vars := Vs, typedef := T}) ->
+    TypeDef = decode_type(T),
+    DefType = decode_deftype(T),
+    ["  ", DefType, " ", decode_name(Name), decode_tvars(Vs), " = ", TypeDef, $\n].
+
+decode_deftype(#{record := _Efs}) -> "record";
+decode_deftype(#{variant := _})   -> "datatype";
+decode_deftype(_T)                      -> "type".
+
+decode_tvars([]) -> [];  %No tvars, no parentheses
+decode_tvars(Vs) ->
+    Dvs = [ decode_tvar(V) || V <- Vs ],
+    [$(,lists:join(", ", Dvs),$)].
+
+decode_tvar(#{name := N}) -> io_lib:format("~s", [N]).
+
+payable(true)  -> "payable ";
+payable(false) -> "".
+
+%% #contract{Ann, Con, [Declarations]}.
+
+contract_funcs({C, _, _, Decls}) when C == contract; C == namespace ->
+    [ D || D <- Decls, is_fun(D)].
+
+contract_types({C, _, _, Decls}) when C == contract; C == namespace ->
+    [ D || D <- Decls, is_type(D) ].
+
+is_fun({letfun, _, _, _, _, _}) -> true;
+is_fun({fun_decl, _, _, _})     -> true;
+is_fun(_)                       -> false.
+
+is_type({type_def, _, _, _, _}) -> true;
+is_type(_)                      -> false.
+
+sort_decls(Ds) ->
+    Sort = fun (D1, D2) ->
+                   aeso_syntax:get_ann(line, D1, 0) =<
+                       aeso_syntax:get_ann(line, D2, 0)
+           end,
+    lists:sort(Sort, Ds).
+
+is_entrypoint(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Node, false).
+is_stateful(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(stateful, Node, false).
+is_payable(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(payable, Node, false).
+
+typedef_name({type_def, _, {id, _, Name}, _, _}) -> Name.
+
+typedef_vars({type_def, _, _, Vars, _}) -> Vars.
+
+typedef_def({type_def, _, _, _, Def}) -> Def.

src/aeso_ast.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+-module(aeso_ast).
+
+-export([int/2,
+         line/1,
+         pp/1,
+         pp_typed/1,
+         symbol/2,
+         symbol_name/1
+        ]).
+
+
+symbol(Line, Chars) -> {symbol, Line, Chars}.
+int(Line, Int) -> {'Int', Line, Int}.
+
+line({symbol, Line, _}) -> Line.
+
+symbol_name({symbol, _, Name}) -> Name.
+
+pp(Ast) ->
+    String = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(Ast, [])),
+    io:format("Ast:\n~s\n", [String]).
+
+pp_typed(TypedAst) ->
+    %% io:format("Typed tree:\n~p\n",[TypedAst]),
+    String = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(TypedAst, [show_generated])),
+    io:format("Type ast:\n~s\n",[String]).
+

src/aeso_ast_to_icode.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,923 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Happi (Erik Stenman)
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Compiler from Aeterinty Sophia language to the Aeternity VM, aevm.
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 21 Dec 2017
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_ast_to_icode).
+
+-export([ast_typerep/1, ast_typerep/2, type_value/1,
+         convert_typed/2, prim_call/5]).
+
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+-spec convert_typed(aeso_syntax:ast(), list()) -> aeso_icode:icode().
+convert_typed(TypedTree, Options) ->
+    {Payable, Name} =
+        case lists:last(TypedTree) of
+            {contract, Attrs, {con, _, Con}, _} ->
+                {proplists:get_value(payable, Attrs, false), Con};
+            _ ->
+                gen_error(last_declaration_must_be_contract)
+           end,
+    NewIcode = aeso_icode:set_payable(Payable,
+                   aeso_icode:set_name(Name, aeso_icode:new(Options))),
+    Icode    = code(TypedTree, NewIcode, Options),
+    deadcode_elimination(Icode).
+
+code([{contract, _Attribs, Con, Code}|Rest], Icode, Options) ->
+    NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Con, Icode)),
+    code(Rest, NewIcode, Options);
+code([{namespace, _Ann, Name, Code}|Rest], Icode, Options) ->
+    %% TODO: nested namespaces
+    NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Name, Icode)),
+    code(Rest, NewIcode, Options);
+code([], Icode, Options) ->
+    add_default_init_function(add_builtins(Icode), Options).
+
+%% Generate error on correct format.
+
+gen_error(Error) ->
+    error({code_errors, [Error]}).
+
+%% Create default init function (only if state is unit).
+add_default_init_function(Icode = #{functions := Funs, state_type := State}, Options) ->
+    NoCode        = proplists:get_value(no_code, Options, false),
+    {_, _, QInit} = aeso_icode:qualify({id, [], "init"}, Icode),
+    case lists:keymember(QInit, 1, Funs) of
+        true -> Icode;
+        false when NoCode -> Icode;
+        false when State /= {tuple, []} ->
+            gen_error(missing_init_function);
+        false ->
+            Type  = {tuple, [typerep, {tuple, []}]},
+            Value = #tuple{ cpts = [type_value({tuple, []}), {tuple, []}] },
+            DefaultInit = {QInit, [], [], Value, Type},
+            Icode#{ functions => [DefaultInit | Funs] }
+    end.
+
+-spec contract_to_icode(aeso_syntax:ast(), aeso_icode:icode()) ->
+                               aeso_icode:icode().
+contract_to_icode([{namespace, _, Name, Defs} | Rest], Icode) ->
+    NS = aeso_icode:get_namespace(Icode),
+    Icode1 = contract_to_icode(Defs, aeso_icode:enter_namespace(Name, Icode)),
+    contract_to_icode(Rest, aeso_icode:set_namespace(NS, Icode1));
+contract_to_icode([{type_def, _Attrib, Id = {id, _, Name}, Args, Def} | Rest],
+                  Icode = #{ types := Types, constructors := Constructors }) ->
+    TypeDef = make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode),
+    NewConstructors =
+        case Def of
+            {variant_t, Cons} ->
+                Tags = lists:seq(0, length(Cons) - 1),
+                GetName = fun({constr_t, _, C, _}) -> C end,
+                QName = fun(Con) -> {_, _, Xs} = aeso_icode:qualify(GetName(Con), Icode), Xs end,
+                maps:from_list([ {QName(Con), Tag} || {Tag, Con} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]);
+            _ -> #{}
+        end,
+    {_, _, TName} = aeso_icode:qualify(Id, Icode),
+    Icode1 = Icode#{ types := Types#{ TName => TypeDef },
+                     constructors := maps:merge(Constructors, NewConstructors) },
+    Icode2 = case Name of
+                "state" when Args == [] -> Icode1#{ state_type => ast_typerep(Def, Icode) };
+                "state"                 -> gen_error(state_type_cannot_be_parameterized);
+                "event" when Args == [] -> Icode1#{ event_type => Def };
+                "event"                 -> gen_error(event_type_cannot_be_parameterized);
+                _                       -> Icode1
+             end,
+    contract_to_icode(Rest, Icode2);
+contract_to_icode([{letfun, Attrib, Name, Args, _What, Body={typed,_,_,T}}|Rest], Icode) ->
+    FunAttrs = [ stateful || proplists:get_value(stateful, Attrib, false) ] ++
+               [ payable  || proplists:get_value(payable, Attrib, false) ] ++
+               [ private  || is_private(Attrib, Icode) ],
+    %% TODO: Handle types
+    FunName = ast_id(Name),
+    %% TODO: push funname to env
+    FunArgs = ast_args(Args, [], Icode),
+    %% TODO: push args to env
+    {FunBody, TypeRep} =
+        case FunName of
+            "init" ->
+                %% Pair the initial state with a typerep for the state (TODO: until we have the state type in some contract metadata)
+                #{ state_type := StateType } = Icode,
+                {#tuple{ cpts = [type_value(StateType), ast_body(Body, Icode)] },
+                 {tuple, [typerep, ast_typerep(T, Icode)]}};
+            _ -> {ast_body(Body, Icode), ast_typerep(T, Icode)}
+        end,
+    QName    = aeso_icode:qualify(Name, Icode),
+    NewIcode = ast_fun_to_icode(ast_id(QName), FunAttrs, FunArgs, FunBody, TypeRep, Icode),
+    contract_to_icode(Rest, NewIcode);
+contract_to_icode([], Icode) -> Icode;
+contract_to_icode([{fun_decl, _, _, _} | Code], Icode) ->
+    contract_to_icode(Code, Icode);
+contract_to_icode([Decl | Code], Icode) ->
+    io:format("Unhandled declaration: ~p\n", [Decl]),
+    contract_to_icode(Code, Icode).
+
+ast_id({id, _, Id}) -> Id;
+ast_id({qid, _, Id}) -> Id.
+
+ast_args([{arg, _, Name, Type}|Rest], Acc, Icode) ->
+    ast_args(Rest, [{ast_id(Name), ast_type(Type, Icode)}| Acc], Icode);
+ast_args([], Acc, _Icode) -> lists:reverse(Acc).
+
+ast_type(T, Icode) ->
+    ast_typerep(T, Icode).
+
+-define(id_app(Fun, Args, ArgTypes, OutType),
+    {app, _, {typed, _, {id, _, Fun}, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, OutType}}, Args}).
+
+-define(qid_app(Fun, Args, ArgTypes, OutType),
+    {app, _, {typed, _, {qid, _, Fun}, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, OutType}}, Args}).
+
+-define(oracle_t(Q, R), {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle"}, [Q, R]}).
+-define(query_t(Q, R),  {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle_query"}, [Q, R]}).
+-define(option_t(A),    {app_t, _, {id, _, "option"}, [A]}).
+-define(map_t(K, V),    {app_t, _, {id, _, "map"}, [K, V]}).
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Chain","spend"], [To, Amount], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_SPEND, ast_body(Amount, Icode), [ast_body(To, Icode)], [word], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app([Con, "Chain", "event"], [Event], _, _), Icode = #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
+    aeso_builtins:check_event_type(Icode),
+    builtin_call({event, maps:get(event_type, Icode)}, [ast_body(Event, Icode)]);
+
+%% Chain environment
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Chain", "balance"], [Address], _, _), Icode) ->
+    #prim_balance{ address = ast_body(Address, Icode) };
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Chain", "block_hash"], [Height], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(block_hash, [ast_body(Height, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Call", "gas_left"], [], _, _), _Icode) ->
+    prim_gas_left;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Contract", "address"]}, _Icode)      -> prim_contract_address;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Contract", "creator"]}, _Icode)      -> prim_contract_creator;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Contract", "balance"]}, _Icode)      -> #prim_balance{ address = prim_contract_address };
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Call",     "origin"]}, _Icode)       -> prim_call_origin;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Call",     "caller"]}, _Icode)       -> prim_caller;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Call",     "value"]}, _Icode)        -> prim_call_value;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Call",     "gas_price"]}, _Icode)    -> prim_gas_price;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain",    "coinbase"]}, _Icode)     -> prim_coinbase;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain",    "timestamp"]}, _Icode)    -> prim_timestamp;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain",    "block_height"]}, _Icode) -> prim_block_height;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain",    "difficulty"]}, _Icode)   -> prim_difficulty;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain",    "gas_limit"]}, _Icode)    -> prim_gas_limit;
+%% TODO: eta expand!
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain", "balance"]}, _Icode) ->
+    gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Chain.balance'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain", "block_hash"]}, _Icode) ->
+    gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Chain.block_hash'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain", "spend"]}, _Icode) ->
+    gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Chain.spend'});
+
+%% State
+ast_body({qid, _, [Con, "state"]}, #{ contract_name := Con }) -> prim_state;
+ast_body(?qid_app([Con, "put"], [NewState], _, _), Icode = #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
+    #prim_put{ state = ast_body(NewState, Icode) };
+ast_body({qid, _, [Con, "put"]}, #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
+    gen_error({underapplied_primitive, put});   %% TODO: eta
+
+%% Abort
+ast_body(?id_app("abort", [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(abort, [ast_body(String, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?id_app("require", [Bool, String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(require, [ast_body(Bool, Icode), ast_body(String, Icode)]);
+
+%% Authentication
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Auth", "tx_hash"]}, _Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AUTH_TX_HASH, #integer{value = 0},
+              [], [], aeso_icode:option_typerep(word));
+
+%% Oracles
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "register"], Args, _, ?oracle_t(QType, RType)), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Acct, QFee, TTL]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_REGISTER, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Acct, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode), ast_body(QFee, Icode), ast_body(TTL, Icode),
+               ast_type_value(QType, Icode), ast_type_value(RType, Icode)],
+              [word, sign_t(), word, ttl_t(Icode), typerep, typerep], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "query_fee"], [Oracle], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_QUERY_FEE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode)], [word], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "query"], [Oracle, Q, QFee, QTTL, RTTL], [_, QType, _, _, _], _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_QUERY, ast_body(QFee, Icode),
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Q, Icode), ast_body(QTTL, Icode), ast_body(RTTL, Icode)],
+              [word, ast_type(QType, Icode), ttl_t(Icode), ttl_t(Icode)], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "extend"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Oracle, TTL]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_EXTEND, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode), ast_body(TTL, Icode)],
+              [word, sign_t(), ttl_t(Icode)], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "respond"], Args, [_, _, RType], _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Oracle, Query, R]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_RESPOND, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Query, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode), ast_body(R, Icode)],
+              [word, word, sign_t(), ast_type(RType, Icode)], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "get_question"], [Oracle, Q], [_, ?query_t(QType, _)], _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_GET_QUESTION, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Q, Icode)], [word, word], ast_type(QType, Icode));
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "get_answer"], [Oracle, Q], [_, ?query_t(_, RType)], _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_GET_ANSWER, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Q, Icode)], [word, word], aeso_icode:option_typerep(ast_type(RType, Icode)));
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "check"], [Oracle], [?oracle_t(Q, R)], _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_CHECK, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_type_value(Q, Icode), ast_type_value(R, Icode)],
+              [word, typerep, typerep], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "check_query"], [Oracle, Query], [_, ?query_t(Q, R)], _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ORACLE_CHECK_QUERY, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Oracle, Icode), ast_body(Query, Icode),
+               ast_type_value(Q, Icode), ast_type_value(R, Icode)],
+              [word, typerep, typerep], word);
+
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "register"]}, _Icode)     -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.register'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "query"]}, _Icode)        -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.query'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "extend"]}, _Icode)       -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.extend'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "respond"]}, _Icode)      -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.respond'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "query_fee"]}, _Icode)    -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.query_fee'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "get_answer"]}, _Icode)   -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.get_answer'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Oracle", "get_question"]}, _Icode) -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Oracle.get_question'});
+
+%% Name service
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "resolve"], [Name, Key], _, ?option_t(Type)), Icode) ->
+    case is_monomorphic(Type) of
+        true ->
+            case ast_type(Type, Icode) of
+                T when T == word; T == string -> ok;
+                _ -> gen_error({invalid_result_type, 'AENS.resolve', Type})
+            end,
+            prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_RESOLVE, #integer{value = 0},
+                      [ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_type_value(Type, Icode)],
+                      [string, string, typerep], aeso_icode:option_typerep(ast_type(Type, Icode)));
+        false ->
+            gen_error({unresolved_result_type, 'AENS.resolve', Type})
+    end;
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "preclaim"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Addr, CHash]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_PRECLAIM, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(CHash, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "claim"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name, Salt]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_CLAIM, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Salt, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, string, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "transfer"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [FromAddr, ToAddr, Name]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_TRANSFER, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(FromAddr, Icode), ast_body(ToAddr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "revoke"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_REVOKE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "subname"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name, Subnames]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_SUBNAME, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Subnames, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "resolve"]}, _Icode)  -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.resolve'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "preclaim"]}, _Icode) -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.preclaim'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "claim"]}, _Icode)    -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.claim'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "transfer"]}, _Icode) -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.transfer'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "revoke"]}, _Icode)   -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.revoke'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "subname"]}, _Icode)   -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.subname'});
+
+%% Maps
+
+%% -- map lookup  m[k]
+ast_body({map_get, _, Map, Key}, Icode) ->
+    {_, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Map, Icode),
+    Fun = {map_get, ast_typerep(ValType, Icode)},
+    builtin_call(Fun, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode)]);
+%% -- map lookup_default  m[k = v]
+ast_body({map_get, _, Map, Key, Val}, Icode) ->
+    {_, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Map, Icode),
+    Fun = {map_lookup_default, ast_typerep(ValType, Icode)},
+    builtin_call(Fun, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(Val, Icode)]);
+
+%% -- lookup functions
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "lookup"], [Key, Map], _, _), Icode) ->
+    map_get(Key, Map, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "lookup_default"], [Key, Map, Val], _, _), Icode) ->
+    {_, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Map, Icode),
+    Fun = {map_lookup_default, ast_typerep(ValType, Icode)},
+    builtin_call(Fun, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(Val, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "member"], [Key, Map], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(map_member, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "size"], [Map], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(map_size, [ast_body(Map, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "delete"], [Key, Map], _, _), Icode) ->
+    map_del(Key, Map, Icode);
+
+%% -- map conversion to/from list
+ast_body(App = ?qid_app(["Map", "from_list"], [List], _, MapType), Icode) ->
+    Ann = aeso_syntax:get_ann(App),
+    {KeyType, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode),
+    builtin_call(map_from_list, [ast_body(List, Icode), map_empty(KeyType, ValType, Icode)]);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Map", "to_list"], [Map], _, _), Icode) ->
+    map_tolist(Map, Icode);
+
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Map", "from_list"]}, _Icode) -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Map.from_list'});
+%% ast_body({qid, _, ["Map", "to_list"]}, _Icode)   -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Map.to_list'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Map", "lookup"]}, _Icode)    -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Map.lookup'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Map", "lookup_default"]}, _Icode)    -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Map.lookup_default'});
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Map", "member"]}, _Icode)    -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Map.member'});
+
+%% -- map construction { k1 = v1, k2 = v2 }
+ast_body({typed, Ann, {map, _, KVs}, MapType}, Icode) ->
+    {KeyType, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode),
+    lists:foldr(fun({K, V}, Map) ->
+                    builtin_call(map_put, [Map, ast_body(K, Icode), ast_body(V, Icode)])
+                end, map_empty(KeyType, ValType, Icode), KVs);
+
+%% -- map update       m { [k] = v } or m { [k] @ x = f(x) } or m { [k = v] @ x = f(x) }
+ast_body({map, _, Map, []}, Icode) -> ast_body(Map, Icode);
+ast_body({map, _, Map, [Upd]}, Icode) ->
+    case Upd of
+        {field, _, [{map_get, _, Key}], Val} ->
+            map_put(Key, Val, Map, Icode);
+        {field_upd, _, [{map_get, _, Key}], ValFun} ->
+            map_upd(Key, ValFun, Map, Icode);
+        {field_upd, _, [{map_get, _, Key, Val}], ValFun} ->
+            map_upd(Key, Val, ValFun, Map, Icode)
+    end;
+ast_body({map, Ann, Map, [Upd | Upds]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({map, Ann, {map, Ann, Map, [Upd]}, Upds}, Icode);
+
+%% Crypto
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "verify_sig"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_VERIFY_SIG, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(PK, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, word, sign_t()], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "verify_sig_secp256k1"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_VERIFY_SIG_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(PK, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [bytes_t(32), bytes_t(64), bytes_t(64)], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecverify_secp256k1"], [Msg, Addr, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECVERIFY_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, bytes_t(20), bytes_t(65)], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecrecover_secp256k1"], [Msg, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECRECOVER_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, bytes_t(65)], aeso_icode:option_typerep(bytes_t(20)));
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha3"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA3, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha256"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA256, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "blake2b"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_BLAKE2B, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "sha256"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    string_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA256_STRING, String, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "blake2b"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    string_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_BLAKE2B_STRING, String, Icode);
+
+%% Strings
+%% -- String length
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "length"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(string_length, [ast_body(String, Icode)]);
+
+%% -- String concat
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "concat"], [String1, String2], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(string_concat, [ast_body(String1, Icode), ast_body(String2, Icode)]);
+
+%% -- String hash (sha3)
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "sha3"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    #unop{ op = 'sha3', rand = ast_body(String, Icode) };
+
+%% -- Bits
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bits", Fun], Args, _, _), Icode)
+        when Fun == "test"; Fun == "set"; Fun == "clear";
+             Fun == "union"; Fun == "intersection"; Fun == "difference" ->
+    C  = fun(N) when is_integer(N) -> #integer{ value = N };
+            (X) -> X end,
+    Bin = fun(O) -> fun(A, B) -> #binop{ op = O, left = C(A), right = C(B) } end end,
+    And = Bin('band'),
+    Or  = Bin('bor'),
+    Bsl = fun(A, B) -> (Bin('bsl'))(B, A) end, %% flipped arguments
+    Bsr = fun(A, B) -> (Bin('bsr'))(B, A) end,
+    Neg = fun(A) -> #unop{ op = 'bnot', rand = C(A) } end,
+    case [Fun | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]] of
+        ["test", Bits, Ix]     -> And(Bsr(Bits, Ix), 1);
+        ["set", Bits, Ix]      -> Or(Bits, Bsl(1, Ix));
+        ["clear", Bits, Ix]    -> And(Bits, Neg(Bsl(1, Ix)));
+        ["union", A, B]        -> Or(A, B);
+        ["intersection", A, B] -> And(A, B);
+        ["difference", A, B]   -> And(A, Neg(And(A, B)))
+    end;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Bits", "none"]}, _Icode) ->
+    #integer{ value = 0 };
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Bits", "all"]}, _Icode) ->
+    #integer{ value = 1 bsl 256 - 1 };
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bits", "sum"], [Bits], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(popcount, [ast_body(Bits, Icode), #integer{ value = 0 }]);
+
+%% -- Conversion
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Int", "to_str"], [Int], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(int_to_str, [ast_body(Int, Icode)]);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "to_str"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(addr_to_str, [ast_body(Addr, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_oracle"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_ORACLE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_contract"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_CONTRACT, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_payable"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_PAYABLE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bytes", "to_int"], [Bytes], _, _), Icode) ->
+    {typed, _, _, {bytes_t, _, N}} = Bytes,
+    builtin_call({bytes_to_int, N}, [ast_body(Bytes, Icode)]);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bytes", "to_str"], [Bytes], _, _), Icode) ->
+    {typed, _, _, {bytes_t, _, N}} = Bytes,
+    builtin_call({bytes_to_str, N}, [ast_body(Bytes, Icode)]);
+
+%% Other terms
+ast_body({id, _, Name}, _Icode) ->
+    #var_ref{name = Name};
+ast_body({qid, _, Name}, _Icode) ->
+    #var_ref{name = Name};
+ast_body({bool, _, Bool}, _Icode) ->        %BOOL as ints
+    Value = if Bool -> 1 ; true -> 0 end,
+    #integer{value = Value};
+ast_body({int, _, Value}, _Icode) ->
+    #integer{value = Value};
+ast_body({bytes, _, Bin}, _Icode) ->
+    case aeb_memory:binary_to_words(Bin) of
+        [Word] -> #integer{value = Word};
+        Words  -> #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = W} || W <- Words]}
+    end;
+ast_body({Key, _, Bin}, _Icode) when Key == account_pubkey;
+                                     Key == contract_pubkey;
+                                     Key == oracle_pubkey;
+                                     Key == oracle_query_id ->
+    <<Value:32/unit:8>> = Bin,
+    #integer{value = Value};
+ast_body({string,_,Bin}, _Icode) ->
+    Cpts = [size(Bin) | aeb_memory:binary_to_words(Bin)],
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value=X} || X <- Cpts]};
+ast_body({tuple,_,Args}, Icode) ->
+    #tuple{cpts = [ast_body(A, Icode) || A <- Args]};
+ast_body({list,_,Args}, Icode) ->
+    #list{elems = [ast_body(A, Icode) || A <- Args]};
+%% Typed contract calls
+ast_body({proj, _, {typed, _, Addr, {con, _, _}}, {id, _, "address"}}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body(Addr, Icode);  %% Values of contract types _are_ addresses.
+ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {proj, _, {typed, _, Addr, {con, _, Contract}}, {id, _, FunName}},
+                             {fun_t, _, NamedT, ArgsT, OutT}}, Args0}, Icode) ->
+    NamedArgs = [Arg || Arg = {named_arg, _, _, _} <- Args0],
+    Args      = Args0 -- NamedArgs,
+    ArgOpts   = [ {Name, ast_body(Value, Icode)}   || {named_arg,   _, {id, _, Name}, Value} <- NamedArgs ],
+    Defaults  = [ {Name, ast_body(Default, Icode)} || {named_arg_t, _, {id, _, Name}, _, Default} <- NamedT ],
+    %% TODO: eta expand
+    length(Args) /= length(ArgsT) andalso
+        gen_error({underapplied_contract_call,
+                   string:join([Contract, FunName], ".")}),
+    ArgsI = [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ],
+    ArgType = ast_typerep({tuple_t, [], ArgsT}),
+    Gas    = proplists:get_value("gas",   ArgOpts ++ Defaults),
+    Value  = proplists:get_value("value", ArgOpts ++ Defaults),
+    OutType = ast_typerep(OutT, Icode),
+    <<TypeHash:256>> = aeb_aevm_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(FunName), ArgType, OutType),
+    %% The function is represented by its type hash (which includes the name)
+    Fun    = #integer{value = TypeHash},
+    #prim_call_contract{
+        address  = ast_body(Addr, Icode),
+        gas      = Gas,
+        value    = Value,
+        arg      = #tuple{cpts = [Fun, #tuple{ cpts = ArgsI }]},
+       %% The type check is implicitly done by using the type hash as the
+       %% entrypoint on the callee side.
+        type_hash= #integer{value = 0}
+      };
+ast_body({proj, _, {typed, _, _, {con, _, Contract}}, {id, _, FunName}}, _Icode) ->
+    gen_error({underapplied_contract_call,
+               string:join([Contract, FunName], ".")});
+
+ast_body({con, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag([Name], Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag}]};
+ast_body({qcon, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag(Name, Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag}]};
+ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {con, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag([Name], Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag} | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]]};
+ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {qcon, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag(Name, Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag} | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]]};
+ast_body({app, _, {'..', _}, [A, B]}, Icode) ->
+    #funcall
+    { function = #var_ref{ name = ["ListInternal", "from_to"] }
+    , args     = [ast_body(A, Icode), ast_body(B, Icode)] };
+ast_body({app,As,Fun,Args}, Icode) ->
+    case aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, As) of
+        infix  ->
+            {Op, _} = Fun,
+            [A, B]  = Args,
+            ast_binop(Op, As, A, B, Icode);
+        prefix ->
+            {Op, _} = Fun,
+            [A]     = Args,
+            #unop{op = Op, rand = ast_body(A, Icode)};
+        _ ->
+            #funcall{function=ast_body(Fun, Icode),
+                     args=[ast_body(A, Icode) || A <- Args]}
+    end;
+ast_body({list_comp, _, Yield, []}, Icode) ->
+    #list{elems = [ast_body(Yield, Icode)]};
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, Arg, ArgType}, BindExpr}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    #funcall
+        { function = #var_ref{ name = ["ListInternal", "flat_map"] }
+        , args =
+              [ #lambda{ args=[#arg{name = ast_id(Arg), type = ast_type(ArgType, Icode)}]
+                       , body = ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, Icode)
+                       }
+              , ast_body(BindExpr, Icode)
+              ]
+        };
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_if, AsIF, Cond}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({'if', AsIF, Cond, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, {list, As, []}}, Icode);
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LV = {letval, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({block, As, [LV, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LF = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({block, As, [LF, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
+ast_body({'if',_,Dec,Then,Else}, Icode) ->
+    #ifte{decision = ast_body(Dec, Icode)
+         ,then     = ast_body(Then, Icode)
+         ,else     = ast_body(Else, Icode)};
+ast_body({switch,_,A,Cases}, Icode) ->
+    %% let's assume the parser has already ensured that only valid
+    %% patterns appear in cases.
+    #switch{expr=ast_body(A, Icode),
+            cases=[{ast_body(Pat, Icode),ast_body(Body, Icode)}
+              || {'case',_,Pat,Body} <- Cases]};
+ast_body({block,As,[{letval,_,Pat,_,E}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    #switch{expr=ast_body(E, Icode),
+            cases=[{ast_body(Pat, Icode),ast_body({block,As,Rest}, Icode)}]};
+ast_body({block, As, [{letfun, Ann, F, Args, _Type, Expr} | Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({block, As, [{letval, Ann, F, unused, {lam, Ann, Args, Expr}} | Rest]}, Icode);
+ast_body({block,_,[]}, _Icode) ->
+    #tuple{cpts=[]};
+ast_body({block,_,[E]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body(E, Icode);
+ast_body({block,As,[E|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    #switch{expr=ast_body(E, Icode),
+            cases=[{#var_ref{name="_"},ast_body({block,As,Rest}, Icode)}]};
+ast_body({lam,_,Args,Body}, Icode) ->
+    #lambda{args=[#arg{name = ast_id(P), type = ast_type(T, Icode)} || {arg,_,P,T} <- Args],
+            body=ast_body(Body, Icode)};
+ast_body({typed,_,{record,Attrs,Fields},{record_t,DefFields}}, Icode) ->
+    %% Compile as a tuple with the fields in the order they appear in the definition.
+    NamedField = fun({field, _, [{proj, _, {id, _, Name}}], E}) -> {Name, E} end,
+    NamedFields = lists:map(NamedField, Fields),
+    #tuple{cpts =
+               [case proplists:get_value(Name, NamedFields) of
+                    undefined ->
+                        Line = aeso_syntax:get_ann(line, Attrs),
+                        #missing_field{format = "Missing field in record: ~s (on line ~p)\n",
+                        args = [Name,Line]};
+                    E ->
+                        ast_body(E, Icode)
+                end
+                || {field_t,_,{id,_,Name},_} <- DefFields]};
+ast_body({typed,_,{record,Attrs,_Fields},T}, _Icode) ->
+    gen_error({record_has_bad_type,Attrs,T});
+ast_body({proj,_,{typed,_,Record,{record_t,Fields}},{id,_,FieldName}}, Icode) ->
+    [Index] = [I
+              || {I,{field_t,_,{id,_,Name},_}} <-
+                  lists:zip(lists:seq(1,length(Fields)),Fields),
+              Name==FieldName],
+    #binop{op = '!', left = #integer{value = 32*(Index-1)}, right = ast_body(Record, Icode)};
+ast_body({record, Attrs, {typed, _, Record, RecType={record_t, Fields}}, Update}, Icode) ->
+    UpdatedName = fun({field, _,     [{proj, _, {id, _, Name}}], _}) -> Name;
+                     ({field_upd, _, [{proj, _, {id, _, Name}}], _}) -> Name
+                  end,
+    UpdatedNames = lists:map(UpdatedName, Update),
+    Rec = {typed, Attrs, {id, Attrs, "_record"}, RecType},
+    CompileUpdate =
+        fun(Fld={field, _, _, _}) -> Fld;
+           ({field_upd, Ann, LV=[{proj, Ann1, P}], Fun}) ->
+            {field, Ann, LV, {app, Ann, Fun, [{proj, Ann1, Rec, P}]}}
+        end,
+
+    #switch{expr=ast_body(Record, Icode),
+            cases=[{#var_ref{name = "_record"},
+                ast_body({typed, Attrs,
+                      {record, Attrs,
+                      lists:map(CompileUpdate, Update) ++
+                    [{field, Attrs, [{proj, Attrs, {id, Attrs, Name}}],
+                        {proj, Attrs, Rec, {id, Attrs, Name}}}
+                        || {field_t, _, {id, _, Name}, _} <- Fields,
+                          not lists:member(Name, UpdatedNames)]},
+                      RecType}, Icode)}
+              ]};
+ast_body({typed, _, Body, _}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body(Body, Icode).
+
+ast_binop(Op, Ann, {typed, _, A, Type}, B, Icode)
+    when Op == '=='; Op == '!=';
+         Op == '<';  Op == '>';
+         Op == '<='; Op == '=<'; Op == '>=' ->
+    Monomorphic = is_monomorphic(Type),
+    case ast_typerep(Type, Icode) of
+        _ when not Monomorphic ->
+            gen_error({cant_compare_polymorphic_type, Ann, Op, Type});
+        word   -> #binop{op = Op, left = ast_body(A, Icode), right = ast_body(B, Icode)};
+        OtherType ->
+            Neg = case Op of
+                    '==' -> fun(X) -> X end;
+                    '!=' -> fun(X) -> #unop{ op = '!', rand = X } end;
+                    _    -> gen_error({cant_compare, Ann, Op, Type})
+                  end,
+            Args = [ast_body(A, Icode), ast_body(B, Icode)],
+            Builtin =
+                case OtherType of
+                    string ->
+                        builtin_call(str_equal, Args);
+                    {tuple, Types} ->
+                        case lists:usort(Types) of
+                            [word] ->
+                                builtin_call(str_equal_p, [ #integer{value = 32 * length(Types)} | Args]);
+                            _ -> gen_error({cant_compare, Ann, Op, Type})
+                        end;
+                    _ ->
+                        gen_error({cant_compare, Ann, Op, Type})
+                end,
+            Neg(Builtin)
+    end;
+ast_binop('++', _, A, B, Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(list_concat, [ast_body(A, Icode), ast_body(B, Icode)]);
+ast_binop(Op, _, A, B, Icode) ->
+    #binop{op = Op, left = ast_body(A, Icode), right = ast_body(B, Icode)}.
+
+check_monomorphic_map({typed, Ann, _, MapType}, Icode) ->
+    check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode).
+
+check_monomorphic_map(Ann, Type = ?map_t(KeyType, ValType), Icode) ->
+    case is_monomorphic(KeyType) of
+        true  ->
+            case has_maps(ast_type(KeyType, Icode)) of
+                false -> {KeyType, ValType};
+                true  -> gen_error({cant_use_map_as_map_keys, Ann, Type})
+            end;
+        false -> gen_error({cant_compile_map_with_polymorphic_keys, Ann, Type})
+    end.
+
+map_empty(KeyType, ValType, Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_EMPTY, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_type_value(KeyType, Icode),
+               ast_type_value(ValType, Icode)],
+              [typerep, typerep], word).
+
+map_get(Key, Map = {typed, Ann, _, MapType}, Icode) ->
+    {_KeyType, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode),
+    builtin_call({map_lookup, ast_type(ValType, Icode)}, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode)]).
+
+map_put(Key, Val, Map, Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(map_put, [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(Val, Icode)]).
+
+map_del(Key, Map, Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_DELETE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode)],
+              [word, word], word).
+
+map_tolist(Map, Icode) ->
+    {KeyType, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Map, Icode),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_TOLIST, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Map, Icode)],
+              [word], {list, {tuple, [ast_type(KeyType, Icode), ast_type(ValType, Icode)]}}).
+
+map_upd(Key, ValFun, Map = {typed, Ann, _, MapType}, Icode) ->
+    {_, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode),
+    FunName = {map_upd, ast_type(ValType, Icode)},
+    Args    = [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(ValFun, Icode)],
+    builtin_call(FunName, Args).
+
+map_upd(Key, Default, ValFun, Map = {typed, Ann, _, MapType}, Icode) ->
+    {_, ValType} = check_monomorphic_map(Ann, MapType, Icode),
+    FunName = {map_upd_default, ast_type(ValType, Icode)},
+    Args    = [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(Default, Icode), ast_body(ValFun, Icode)],
+    builtin_call(FunName, Args).
+
+is_monomorphic({tvar, _, _}) -> false;
+is_monomorphic([H|T]) ->
+  is_monomorphic(H) andalso is_monomorphic(T);
+is_monomorphic(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+  is_monomorphic(tuple_to_list(T));
+is_monomorphic(_) -> true.
+
+%% Implemented as a contract call to the contract with address 0.
+prim_call(Prim, Amount, Args, ArgTypes, OutType) ->
+    TypeHash =
+        case aeb_primops:op_needs_type_check(Prim) of
+            true ->
+                PrimBin = binary:encode_unsigned(Prim),
+                ArgType = {tuple, ArgTypes},
+                <<TH:256>> = aeb_aevm_abi:function_type_hash(PrimBin, ArgType, OutType),
+                TH;
+            false ->
+                0
+        end,
+    #prim_call_contract{ gas      = prim_gas_left,
+                         address  = #integer{ value = ?PRIM_CALLS_CONTRACT },
+                         value    = Amount,
+                         arg      = #tuple{cpts = [#integer{ value = Prim }| Args]},
+                         type_hash= #integer{value = TypeHash}
+                       }.
+
+generic_hash_primop(PrimOp, Term, Type, Icode) ->
+    ArgType   = ast_type(Type, Icode),
+    TypeValue = type_value(ArgType),
+    prim_call(PrimOp, #integer{value = 0},
+        [TypeValue, ast_body(Term, Icode)],
+        [typerep, ArgType], word).
+
+string_hash_primop(PrimOp, String, Icode) ->
+    prim_call(PrimOp, #integer{value = 0}, [ast_body(String, Icode)], [string], word).
+
+make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode = #{ type_vars := TypeEnv }) ->
+    TVars = [ X || {tvar, _, X} <- Args ],
+    fun(Types) ->
+        TypeEnv1 = maps:from_list(lists:zip(TVars, Types)),
+        ast_typerep(Def, Icode#{ type_vars := maps:merge(TypeEnv, TypeEnv1) })
+    end.
+
+-spec ast_typerep(aeso_syntax:type()) -> aeb_aevm_data:type().
+ast_typerep(Type) -> ast_typerep(Type, aeso_icode:new([])).
+
+ast_typerep({id, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+    lookup_type_id(Name, [], Icode);
+ast_typerep({qid, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+    lookup_type_id(Name, [], Icode);
+ast_typerep({con, _, _}, _) ->
+    word;   %% Contract type
+ast_typerep({bytes_t, _, Len}, _) ->
+    bytes_t(Len);
+ast_typerep({app_t, _, {I, _, Name}, Args}, Icode) when I =:= id; I =:= qid ->
+    ArgReps = [ ast_typerep(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ],
+    lookup_type_id(Name, ArgReps, Icode);
+ast_typerep({tvar,_,A}, #{ type_vars := TypeVars }) ->
+    case maps:get(A, TypeVars, undefined) of
+        undefined -> word; %% We serialize type variables just as addresses in the originating VM.
+        Type      -> Type
+    end;
+ast_typerep({tuple_t,_,Cpts}, Icode) ->
+    {tuple, [ast_typerep(C, Icode) || C<-Cpts]};
+ast_typerep({record_t,Fields}, Icode) ->
+    {tuple, [ begin
+                {field_t, _, _, T} = Field,
+                ast_typerep(T, Icode)
+              end || Field <- Fields]};
+ast_typerep({fun_t,_,_,_,_}, _Icode) ->
+    function;
+ast_typerep({alias_t, T}, Icode) -> ast_typerep(T, Icode);
+ast_typerep({variant_t, Cons}, Icode) ->
+    {variant, [ begin
+                  {constr_t, _, _, Args} = Con,
+                  [ ast_typerep(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]
+                end || Con <- Cons ]}.
+
+ttl_t(Icode) ->
+    ast_typerep({qid, [], ["Chain", "ttl"]}, Icode).
+
+sign_t() -> bytes_t(64).
+bytes_t(Len) when Len =< 32 -> word;
+bytes_t(Len)                -> {tuple, lists:duplicate((31 + Len) div 32, word)}.
+
+get_signature_arg(Args0) ->
+    NamedArgs = [Arg || Arg = {named_arg, _, _, _} <- Args0],
+    Args      = Args0 -- NamedArgs,
+
+    DefaultVal = {tuple, [], [{int, [], 0}, {int, [], 0}]},
+    Sig =
+        case NamedArgs of
+            []                       -> DefaultVal;
+            [{named_arg, _, _, Val}] -> Val
+        end,
+    {Sig, Args}.
+
+lookup_type_id(Name, Args, #{ types := Types }) ->
+    case maps:get(Name, Types, undefined) of
+        undefined -> gen_error({undefined_type, Name});
+        TDef      -> TDef(Args)
+    end.
+
+ast_type_value(T, Icode) ->
+    type_value(ast_type(T, Icode)).
+
+type_value(word)   ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_WORD_TAG }] };
+type_value(string) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_STRING_TAG }] };
+type_value(typerep) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_TYPEREP_TAG }] };
+type_value({list, A}) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_LIST_TAG }, type_value(A)] };
+type_value({tuple, As}) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_TUPLE_TAG },
+                    #list{ elems = [ type_value(A) || A <- As ] }] };
+type_value({variant, Cs}) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_VARIANT_TAG },
+                    #list{ elems = [ #list{ elems = [ type_value(A) || A <- As ] } || As <- Cs ] }] };
+type_value({map, K, V}) ->
+    #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_MAP_TAG },
+                    type_value(K), type_value(V)] }.
+
+%% As abort is a built-in in the future it will be illegal to for
+%% users to define abort. For the time being strip away all user
+%% defined abort functions.
+
+ast_fun_to_icode("abort", _Atts, _Args, _Body, _TypeRep, Icode) ->
+    %% Strip away all user defined abort functions.
+    Icode;
+ast_fun_to_icode(Name, Attrs, Args, Body, TypeRep, #{functions := Funs} = Icode) ->
+    NewFuns = [{Name, Attrs, Args, Body, TypeRep}| Funs],
+    aeso_icode:set_functions(NewFuns, Icode).
+
+has_maps({map, _, _})   -> true;
+has_maps(word)          -> false;
+has_maps(string)        -> false;
+has_maps(typerep)       -> false;
+has_maps({list, T})     -> has_maps(T);
+has_maps({tuple, Ts})   -> lists:any(fun has_maps/1, Ts);
+has_maps({variant, Cs}) -> lists:any(fun has_maps/1, lists:append(Cs)).
+
+%% A function is private if not an 'entrypoint', or if it's not defined in the
+%% main contract name space. (NOTE: changes when we introduce inheritance).
+is_private(Ann, #{ contract_name := MainContract } = Icode) ->
+    {_, _, CurrentNamespace} = aeso_icode:get_namespace(Icode),
+    not proplists:get_value(entrypoint, Ann, false) orelse
+    MainContract /= CurrentNamespace.
+
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Builtins
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+builtin_call(Builtin, Args) ->
+    #funcall{ function = #var_ref{ name = {builtin, Builtin} },
+              args = Args }.
+
+add_builtins(Icode = #{functions := Funs}) ->
+    Builtins = aeso_builtins:used_builtins(Funs),
+    Icode#{functions := [ aeso_builtins:builtin_function(B) || B <- Builtins ] ++ Funs}.
+
+
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Deadcode elimination
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+deadcode_elimination(Icode = #{ functions := Funs }) ->
+    PublicNames = [ Name || {Name, Ann, _, _, _} <- Funs, not lists:member(private, Ann) ],
+    ArgsToPat   = fun(Args) -> [ #var_ref{ name = X } || {X, _} <- Args ] end,
+    Defs        = maps:from_list([ {Name, {binder, ArgsToPat(Args), Body}} || {Name, _, Args, Body, _} <- Funs ]),
+    UsedNames   = chase_names(Defs, PublicNames, #{}),
+    UsedFuns    = [ Def || Def = {Name, _, _, _, _} <- Funs, maps:is_key(Name, UsedNames) ],
+    Icode#{ functions := UsedFuns }.
+
+chase_names(_Defs, [], Used) -> Used;
+chase_names(Defs, [X | Xs], Used) ->
+                              %% can happen when compiling __call contracts
+    case maps:is_key(X, Used) orelse not maps:is_key(X, Defs) of
+        true  -> chase_names(Defs, Xs, Used); %% already chased
+        false ->
+            Def  = maps:get(X, Defs),
+            Vars = maps:keys(free_vars(Def)),
+            chase_names(Defs, Vars ++ Xs, Used#{ X => true })
+    end.
+
+free_vars(#var_ref{ name = X }) -> #{ X => true };
+free_vars(#arg{ name = X }) -> #{ X => true };
+free_vars({binder, Pat, Body}) ->
+    maps:without(maps:keys(free_vars(Pat)), free_vars(Body));
+free_vars(#switch{ expr = E, cases = Cases }) ->
+    free_vars([E | [{binder, P, B} || {P, B} <- Cases]]);
+free_vars(#lambda{ args = Xs, body = E }) ->
+    free_vars({binder, Xs, E});
+free_vars(T) when is_tuple(T) -> free_vars(tuple_to_list(T));
+free_vars([H | T]) -> maps:merge(free_vars(H), free_vars(T));
+free_vars(_) -> #{}.

src/aeso_builtins.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,577 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2018, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Compiler builtin functions for Aeterinty Sophia language.
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 20 Dec 2018
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_builtins).
+
+-export([ builtin_function/1
+        , check_event_type/1
+        , used_builtins/1 ]).
+
+-import(aeso_ast_to_icode, [prim_call/5]).
+
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+used_builtins(#funcall{ function = #var_ref{ name = {builtin, Builtin} }, args = Args }) ->
+    lists:umerge(dep_closure([Builtin]), used_builtins(Args));
+used_builtins([H|T]) ->
+  lists:umerge(used_builtins(H), used_builtins(T));
+used_builtins(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+  used_builtins(tuple_to_list(T));
+used_builtins(M) when is_map(M) ->
+  used_builtins(maps:to_list(M));
+used_builtins(_) -> [].
+
+builtin_deps(Builtin) ->
+    lists:usort(builtin_deps1(Builtin)).
+
+builtin_deps1({map_lookup_default, Type}) -> [{map_lookup, Type}];
+builtin_deps1({map_get, Type})            -> [{map_lookup, Type}];
+builtin_deps1(map_member)                 -> [{map_lookup, word}];
+builtin_deps1({map_upd, Type})            -> [{map_get, Type}, map_put];
+builtin_deps1({map_upd_default, Type})    -> [{map_lookup_default, Type}, map_put];
+builtin_deps1(map_from_list)              -> [map_put];
+builtin_deps1(str_equal)                  -> [str_equal_p];
+builtin_deps1(string_concat)              -> [string_concat_inner1, string_copy, string_shift_copy];
+builtin_deps1(int_to_str)                 -> [{baseX_int, 10}];
+builtin_deps1(addr_to_str)                -> [{baseX_int, 58}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int, X})             -> [{baseX_int_pad, X}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int_pad, X})         -> [{baseX_int_encode, X}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int_encode, X})      -> [{baseX_int_encode_, X}, {baseX_tab, X}, {baseX_digits, X}];
+builtin_deps1({bytes_to_str, _})          -> [bytes_to_str_worker];
+builtin_deps1(string_reverse)             -> [string_reverse_];
+builtin_deps1(require)                    -> [abort];
+builtin_deps1(_)                          -> [].
+
+dep_closure(Deps) ->
+    case lists:umerge(lists:map(fun builtin_deps/1, Deps)) of
+        []    -> Deps;
+        Deps1 -> lists:umerge(Deps, dep_closure(Deps1))
+    end.
+
+%% Helper functions/macros
+v(X) when is_atom(X) -> v(atom_to_list(X));
+v(X) when is_list(X) -> #var_ref{name = X}.
+
+option_none()  -> {tuple, [{integer, 0}]}.
+option_some(X) -> {tuple, [{integer, 1}, X]}.
+
+-define(HASH_BYTES, 32).
+
+-define(call(Fun, Args), #funcall{ function = #var_ref{ name = {builtin, Fun} }, args = Args }).
+-define(I(X), {integer, X}).
+-define(V(X), v(X)).
+-define(A(Op), aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(Op)).
+-define(LET(Var, Expr, Body), {switch, Expr, [{v(Var), Body}]}).
+-define(DEREF(Var, Ptr, Body), {switch, operand(Ptr), [{{tuple, [v(Var)]}, Body}]}).
+-define(NXT(Ptr), op('+', Ptr, 32)).
+-define(NEG(A), op('/', A, {unop, '-', {integer, 1}})).
+-define(BYTE(Ix, Word), op('byte', Ix, Word)).
+
+-define(EQ(A, B), op('==', A, B)).
+-define(LT(A, B), op('<', A, B)).
+-define(GT(A, B), op('>', A, B)).
+-define(ADD(A, B), op('+', A, B)).
+-define(SUB(A, B), op('-', A, B)).
+-define(MUL(A, B), op('*', A, B)).
+-define(DIV(A, B), op('div', A, B)).
+-define(MOD(A, B), op('mod', A, B)).
+-define(EXP(A, B), op('^', A, B)).
+-define(AND(A, B), op('&&', A, B)).
+
+%% Bit shift operations takes their arguments backwards!?
+-define(BSL(X, B), op('bsl', ?MUL(B, 8), X)).
+-define(BSR(X, B), op('bsr', ?MUL(B, 8), X)).
+
+op(Op, A, B) -> {binop, Op, operand(A), operand(B)}.
+
+operand(A) when is_atom(A) -> v(A);
+operand(I) when is_integer(I) -> {integer, I};
+operand(T) -> T.
+
+check_event_type(Icode) ->
+    case maps:get(event_type, Icode) of
+        {variant_t, Cons} ->
+            check_event_type(Cons, Icode);
+        _ ->
+            error({event_should_be_variant_type})
+    end.
+
+check_event_type(Evts, Icode) ->
+    [ check_event_type(Name, Ix, T, Icode)
+      || {constr_t, Ann, {con, _, Name}, Types} <- Evts,
+         {Ix, T} <- lists:zip(aeso_syntax:get_ann(indices, Ann), Types) ].
+
+check_event_type(EvtName, Ix, Type, Icode) ->
+    VMType =
+        try
+           aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode)
+        catch _:_ ->
+            error({EvtName, could_not_resolve_type, Type})
+        end,
+    case {Ix, VMType, Type} of
+        {indexed, word, _}      -> ok;
+        {notindexed, string, _} -> ok;
+        {notindexed, _, {bytes_t, _, N}} when N > 32 -> ok;
+        {indexed, _, _}         -> error({EvtName, indexed_field_should_be_word, is, VMType});
+        {notindexed, _, _}      -> error({EvtName, payload_should_be_string, is, VMType})
+    end.
+
+bfun(B, {IArgs, IExpr, IRet}) ->
+    {{builtin, B}, [private], IArgs, IExpr, IRet}.
+
+builtin_function(BF) ->
+    case BF of
+        {event, EventT}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_event(EventT));
+        abort                      -> bfun(BF, builtin_abort());
+        block_hash                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_block_hash());
+        require                    -> bfun(BF, builtin_require());
+        {map_lookup, Type}         -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_lookup(Type));
+        map_put                    -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_put());
+        map_delete                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_delete());
+        map_size                   -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_size());
+        {map_get, Type}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_get(Type));
+        {map_lookup_default, Type} -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_lookup_default(Type));
+        map_member                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_member());
+        {map_upd, Type}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_upd(Type));
+        {map_upd_default, Type}    -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_upd_default(Type));
+        map_from_list              -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_from_list());
+        list_concat                -> bfun(BF, builtin_list_concat());
+        string_length              -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_length());
+        string_concat              -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_concat());
+        string_concat_inner1       -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_concat_inner1());
+        string_copy                -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_copy());
+        string_shift_copy          -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_shift_copy());
+        str_equal_p                -> bfun(BF, builtin_str_equal_p());
+        str_equal                  -> bfun(BF, builtin_str_equal());
+        popcount                   -> bfun(BF, builtin_popcount());
+        int_to_str                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_int_to_str());
+        addr_to_str                -> bfun(BF, builtin_addr_to_str());
+        {baseX_int, X}             -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int(X));
+        {baseX_digits, X}          -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_digits(X));
+        {baseX_tab, X}             -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_tab(X));
+        {baseX_int_pad, X}         -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_pad(X));
+        {baseX_int_encode, X}      -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_encode(X));
+        {baseX_int_encode_, X}     -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_encode_(X));
+        {bytes_to_int, N}          -> bfun(BF, builtin_bytes_to_int(N));
+        {bytes_to_str, N}          -> bfun(BF, builtin_bytes_to_str(N));
+        bytes_to_str_worker        -> bfun(BF, builtin_bytes_to_str_worker());
+        string_reverse             -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_reverse());
+        string_reverse_            -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_reverse_())
+    end.
+
+%% Event primitive (dependent on Event type)
+%%
+%% We need to switch on the event and prepare the correct #event for icode_to_asm
+%% NOTE: we assume all errors are already checked!
+builtin_event(EventT) ->
+    A         = fun(X) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(X) end,
+    VIx       = fun(Ix) -> v(lists:concat(["v", Ix])) end,
+    ArgPats   = fun(Ts) -> [ VIx(Ix) || Ix <- lists:seq(0, length(Ts) - 1) ] end,
+    Payload = %% Should put data ptr, length on stack.
+        fun([])            -> {inline_asm, [A(?PUSH1), 0, A(?PUSH1), 0]};
+           ([{{id, _, "string"}, V}]) ->
+                {seq, [V, {inline_asm, [A(?DUP1), A(?MLOAD),  %% length, ptr
+                       A(?SWAP1), A(?PUSH1), 32, A(?ADD)]}]}; %% ptr+32, length
+           ([{{bytes_t, _, N}, V}]) -> {seq, [V, {integer, N}, {inline_asm, A(?SWAP1)}]}
+        end,
+    Ix =
+        fun({bytes_t, _, N}, V) when N < 32 -> ?BSR(V, 32 - N);
+           (_, V) -> V end,
+    Clause =
+        fun(_Tag, {con, _, Con}, IxTypes) ->
+            Types     = [ T || {_Ix, T} <- IxTypes ],
+            Indexed   = [ Ix(Type, Var) || {Var, {indexed, Type}} <- lists:zip(ArgPats(Types), IxTypes) ],
+            Data      = [ {Type, Var} || {Var, {notindexed, Type}} <- lists:zip(ArgPats(Types), IxTypes) ],
+            {ok, <<EvtIndexN:256>>} = eblake2:blake2b(?HASH_BYTES, list_to_binary(Con)),
+            EvtIndex  = {integer, EvtIndexN},
+            {event, lists:reverse(Indexed) ++ [EvtIndex], Payload(Data)}
+        end,
+    Pat = fun(Tag, Types) -> {tuple, [{integer, Tag} | ArgPats(Types)]} end,
+
+    {variant_t, Cons} = EventT,
+    Tags              = lists:seq(0, length(Cons) - 1),
+
+    {[{"e", event}],
+     {switch, v(e),
+         [{Pat(Tag, Types), Clause(Tag, Con, lists:zip(aeso_syntax:get_ann(indices, Ann), Types))}
+          || {Tag, {constr_t, Ann, Con, Types}} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]},
+     {tuple, []}}.
+
+%% Abort primitive.
+builtin_abort() ->
+    A = fun(X) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(X) end,
+    {[{"s", string}],
+     {inline_asm, [A(?PUSH1),0,  %% Push a dummy 0 for the first arg
+                   A(?REVERT)]}, %% Stack: 0,Ptr
+     {tuple,[]}}.
+
+builtin_block_hash() ->
+    {[{"height", word}],
+     ?LET(hash, #prim_block_hash{ height = ?V(height)},
+          {ifte, ?EQ(hash, 0), option_none(), option_some(?V(hash))}),
+     aeso_icode:option_typerep(word)}.
+
+builtin_require() ->
+    {[{"c", word}, {"msg", string}],
+     {ifte, ?V(c), {tuple, []}, ?call(abort, [?V(msg)])},
+     {tuple, []}}.
+
+%% Map primitives
+builtin_map_lookup(Type) ->
+    Ret = aeso_icode:option_typerep(Type),
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_GET, #integer{value = 0},
+               [#var_ref{name = "m"}, #var_ref{name = "k"}],
+               [word, word], Ret),
+     Ret}.
+
+builtin_map_put() ->
+    %% We don't need the types for put.
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"v", word}],
+     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_PUT, #integer{value = 0},
+               [v(m), v(k), v(v)], [word, word, word], word),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_map_delete() ->
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_DELETE, #integer{value = 0},
+               [v(m), v(k)], [word, word], word),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_map_size() ->
+    {[{"m", word}],
+     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_SIZE, #integer{value = 0},
+               [v(m)], [word], word),
+     word}.
+
+%% Map builtins
+builtin_map_get(Type) ->
+    %% function map_get(m, k) =
+    %%   switch(map_lookup(m, k))
+    %%     Some(v) => v
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+     {switch, ?call({map_lookup, Type}, [v(m), v(k)]), [{option_some(v(v)), v(v)}]},
+     Type}.
+
+builtin_map_lookup_default(Type) ->
+    %% function map_lookup_default(m, k, default) =
+    %%   switch(map_lookup(m, k))
+    %%     None    => default
+    %%     Some(v) => v
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"default", Type}],
+     {switch, ?call({map_lookup, Type}, [v(m), v(k)]),
+         [{option_none(),     v(default)},
+          {option_some(v(v)), v(v)}]},
+     Type}.
+
+builtin_map_member() ->
+    %% function map_member(m, k) : bool =
+    %%   switch(Map.lookup(m, k))
+    %%     None => false
+    %%     _    => true
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+     {switch, ?call({map_lookup, word}, [v(m), v(k)]),
+         [{option_none(), {integer, 0}},
+          {{var_ref, "_"}, {integer, 1}}]},
+     word}.
+
+builtin_map_upd(Type) ->
+    %% function map_upd(map, key, fun) =
+    %%   map_put(map, key, fun(map_get(map, key)))
+    {[{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"valfun", word}],
+     ?call(map_put,
+        [v(map), v(key),
+         #funcall{ function = v(valfun),
+                   args     = [?call({map_get, Type}, [v(map), v(key)])] }]),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_map_upd_default(Type) ->
+    %% function map_upd(map, key, val, fun) =
+    %%   map_put(map, key, fun(map_lookup_default(map, key, val)))
+    {[{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"val", word}, {"valfun", word}],
+     ?call(map_put,
+        [v(map), v(key),
+         #funcall{ function = v(valfun),
+                   args     = [?call({map_lookup_default, Type}, [v(map), v(key), v(val)])] }]),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_map_from_list() ->
+    %% function map_from_list(xs, acc) =
+    %%   switch(xs)
+    %%     [] => acc
+    %%     (k, v) :: xs => map_from_list(xs, acc { [k] = v })
+    {[{"xs", {list, {tuple, [word, word]}}}, {"acc", word}],
+     {switch, v(xs),
+        [{{list, []}, v(acc)},
+         {{binop, '::', {tuple, [v(k), v(v)]}, v(ys)},
+          ?call(map_from_list,
+            [v(ys), ?call(map_put, [v(acc), v(k), v(v)])])}]},
+     word}.
+
+%% list_concat
+%%
+%% Concatenates two lists.
+builtin_list_concat() ->
+    {[{"l1", {list, word}}, {"l2", {list, word}}],
+     {switch, v(l1),
+        [{{list, []}, v(l2)},
+         {{binop, '::', v(hd), v(tl)},
+          {binop, '::', v(hd), ?call(list_concat, [v(tl), v(l2)])}}
+        ]
+     },
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_length() ->
+    %% function length(str) =
+    %%   switch(str)
+    %%      {n} -> n  // (ab)use the representation
+    {[{"s", string}],
+     ?DEREF(n, s, ?V(n)),
+     word}.
+
+%% str_concat - concatenate two strings
+%%
+%% Unless the second string is the empty string, a new string is created at the
+%% top of the Heap and the address to it is returned. The tricky bit is when
+%% the words from the second string has to be shifted to fit next to the first
+%% string.
+builtin_string_concat() ->
+    {[{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
+     ?DEREF(n1, s1,
+     ?DEREF(n2, s2,
+        {ifte, ?EQ(n1, 0),
+            ?V(s2), %% First string is empty return second string
+            {ifte, ?EQ(n2, 0),
+                ?V(s1), %% Second string is empty return first string
+                ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+                    {seq, [?ADD(n1, n2), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}, %% Store total len
+                           ?call(string_concat_inner1, [?V(n1), ?NXT(s1), ?V(n2), ?NXT(s2)]),
+                           {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, %% Discard fun ret val
+                           ?V(ret)                   %% Put the actual return value
+                          ]})}
+        }
+     )),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_concat_inner1() ->
+    %% Copy all whole words from the first string, and set up for word fusion
+    %% Special case when the length of the first string is divisible by 32.
+    {[{"n1", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"n2", word}, {"p2", pointer}],
+     ?LET(w1, ?call(string_copy, [?V(n1), ?V(p1)]),
+        ?LET(nx, ?MOD(n1, 32),
+        {ifte, ?EQ(nx, 0),
+            ?LET(w2, ?call(string_copy, [?V(n2), ?V(p2)]),
+                {seq, [?V(w2), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]}),
+            ?call(string_shift_copy, [?V(nx), ?V(w1), ?V(n2), ?V(p2)])
+        })),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_copy() ->
+    {[{"n", word}, {"p", pointer}],
+     ?DEREF(w, p,
+        {ifte, ?GT(n, 31),
+            {seq, [?V(w), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                   ?call(string_copy, [?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p)])]},
+            ?V(w)
+        }),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_shift_copy() ->
+    {[{"off", word}, {"dst", word}, {"n", word}, {"p", pointer}],
+     ?DEREF(w, p,
+        {seq, [?ADD(dst, ?BSR(w, off)), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+               {ifte, ?GT(n, ?SUB(32, off)),
+                    ?call(string_shift_copy, [?V(off), ?BSL(w, ?SUB(32, off)), ?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p)]),
+                    {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]}}]
+        }),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_str_equal_p() ->
+    %% function str_equal_p(n, p1, p2) =
+    %%   if(n =< 0) true
+    %%   else
+    %%      let w1 = *p1
+    %%      let w2 = *p2
+    %%      w1 == w2 && str_equal_p(n - 32, p1 + 32, p2 + 32)
+    {[{"n", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"p2", pointer}],
+     {ifte, ?LT(n, 1),
+         ?I(1),
+         ?DEREF(w1, p1,
+         ?DEREF(w2, p2,
+             ?AND(?EQ(w1, w2),
+                  ?call(str_equal_p, [?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p1), ?NXT(p2)]))))},
+     word}.
+
+builtin_str_equal() ->
+    %% function str_equal(s1, s2) =
+    %%   let n1 = length(s1)
+    %%   let n2 = length(s2)
+    %%   n1 == n2 && str_equal_p(n1, s1 + 32, s2 + 32)
+    {[{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
+     ?DEREF(n1, s1,
+     ?DEREF(n2, s2,
+         ?AND(?EQ(n1, n2), ?call(str_equal_p, [?V(n1), ?NXT(s1), ?NXT(s2)]))
+     )),
+     word}.
+
+%% Count the number of 1s in a bit field.
+builtin_popcount() ->
+    %% function popcount(bits, acc) =
+    %%   if (bits == 0) acc
+    %%   else popcount(bits bsr 1, acc + bits band 1)
+    {[{"bits", word}, {"acc", word}],
+     {ifte, ?EQ(bits, 0),
+        ?V(acc),
+        ?call(popcount, [op('bsr', 1, bits), ?ADD(acc, op('band', bits, 1))])
+     }, word}.
+
+builtin_int_to_str() ->
+    {[{"i", word}], ?call({baseX_int, 10}, [?V(i)]), word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_tab(_X = 10) ->
+    {[{"ix", word}], ?ADD($0, ix), word};
+builtin_baseX_tab(_X = 58) ->
+    <<Fst32:256>> = <<"123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXY">>,
+    <<Lst26:256>> = <<"Zabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz", 0:48>>,
+    {[{"ix", word}],
+     {ifte, ?LT(ix, 32),
+         ?BYTE(ix, Fst32),
+         ?BYTE(?SUB(ix, 32), Lst26)
+     },
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int(X) ->
+    {[{"w", word}],
+     ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+        {seq, [?call({baseX_int_pad, X}, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0)]), {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, ?V(ret)]}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int_pad(X = 10) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     {ifte, ?LT(src, 0),
+        ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?NEG(src), ?I(1), ?BSL($-, 31)]),
+        ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?V(src), ?V(ix), ?V(dst)])},
+     word};
+builtin_baseX_int_pad(X = 16) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+        ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?V(src), ?V(ix), ?V(dst)]),
+     word};
+builtin_baseX_int_pad(X = 58) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     {ifte, ?GT(?ADD(?DIV(ix, 31), ?BYTE(ix, src)), 0),
+         ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?V(src), ?V(ix), ?V(dst)]),
+         ?call({baseX_int_pad, X}, [?V(src), ?ADD(ix, 1), ?ADD(dst, ?BSL($1, ?SUB(31, ix)))])},
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int_encode(X) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     ?LET(n, ?call({baseX_digits, X}, [?V(src), ?I(0)]),
+        {seq, [?ADD(n, ?ADD(ix, 1)), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+               ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X}, [?V(src), ?V(dst), ?EXP(X, n), ?V(ix)])]}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int_encode_(X) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"dst", word}, {"fac", word}, {"ix", word}],
+     {ifte, ?EQ(fac, 0),
+         {seq, [?V(dst), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]},
+         {ifte, ?EQ(ix, 32),
+              %% We've filled a word, write it and start on new word
+              {seq, [?V(dst), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                     ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X}, [?V(src), ?I(0), ?V(fac), ?I(0)])]},
+              ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X},
+                    [?MOD(src, fac), ?ADD(dst, ?BSL(?call({baseX_tab, X}, [?DIV(src, fac)]), ?SUB(31, ix))),
+                     ?DIV(fac, X), ?ADD(ix, 1)])}
+     },
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_digits(X) ->
+    {[{"x0", word}, {"dgts", word}],
+     ?LET(x1, ?DIV(x0, X),
+        {ifte, ?EQ(x1, 0), ?V(dgts), ?call({baseX_digits, X}, [?V(x1), ?ADD(dgts, 1)])}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_bytes_to_int(32) ->
+    {[{"w", word}], ?V(w), word};
+builtin_bytes_to_int(N) when N < 32 ->
+    {[{"w", word}], ?BSR(w, 32 - N), word};
+builtin_bytes_to_int(N) when N > 32 ->
+    LastFullWord = N div 32 - 1,
+    Body = case N rem 32 of
+                0 -> ?DEREF(n, ?ADD(b, LastFullWord * 32), ?V(n));
+                R ->
+                    ?DEREF(hi, ?ADD(b, LastFullWord * 32),
+                    ?DEREF(lo, ?ADD(b, (LastFullWord + 1) * 32),
+                    ?ADD(?BSR(lo, 32 - R), ?BSL(hi, R))))
+           end,
+    {[{"b", pointer}], Body, word}.
+
+builtin_bytes_to_str_worker() ->
+    <<Tab:256>> = <<"0123456789ABCDEF________________">>,
+    {[{"w", word}, {"offs", word}, {"acc", word}],
+     {seq, [{ifte, ?AND(?GT(offs, 0), ?EQ(0, ?MOD(offs, 16))),
+                    {seq, [?V(acc), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}]},
+                    {inline_asm, []}},
+            {ifte, ?EQ(offs, 32), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+                ?LET(b,  ?BYTE(offs, w),
+                ?LET(lo, ?BYTE(?MOD(b, 16), Tab),
+                ?LET(hi, ?BYTE(op('bsr', 4 , b), Tab),
+                ?call(bytes_to_str_worker,
+                      [?V(w), ?ADD(offs, 1), ?ADD(?BSL(acc, 2), ?ADD(?BSL(hi, 1), lo))]))))
+            }
+           ]},
+     word}.
+
+builtin_bytes_to_str(N) when N =< 32 ->
+    {[{"w", word}],
+     ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+     {seq, [?I(N * 2), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+            ?call(bytes_to_str_worker, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0)]),
+            {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]},
+            ?V(ret)]}),
+     string};
+builtin_bytes_to_str(N) when N > 32 ->
+    Work = fun(I) ->
+            [?DEREF(w, ?ADD(p, 32 * I), ?call(bytes_to_str_worker, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0)])),
+             {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}]
+           end,
+    {[{"p", pointer}],
+     ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+     {seq, [?I(N * 2), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}] ++
+           lists:append([ Work(I) || I <- lists:seq(0, (N + 31) div 32 - 1) ]) ++
+           [?V(ret)]}),
+     string}.
+
+builtin_string_reverse() ->
+    {[{"s", string}],
+     ?DEREF(n, s,
+     ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+         {seq, [?V(n), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                ?call(string_reverse_, [?NXT(s), ?I(0), ?I(31), ?SUB(?V(n), 1)]),
+                {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, ?V(ret)]})),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_reverse_() ->
+    {[{"p", pointer}, {"x", word}, {"i1", word}, {"i2", word}],
+     {ifte, ?LT(i2, 0),
+         {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]},
+         ?LET(p1, ?ADD(p, ?MUL(?DIV(i2, 32), 32)),
+         ?DEREF(w, p1,
+         ?LET(b, ?BYTE(?MOD(i2, 32), w),
+         {ifte, ?LT(i1, 0),
+             {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                    ?call(string_reverse_,
+                          [?V(p), ?BSL(b, 31), ?I(30), ?SUB(i2, 1)])]},
+             ?call(string_reverse_,
+                   [?V(p), ?ADD(x, ?BSL(b, i1)), ?SUB(i1, 1), ?SUB(i2, 1)])})))},
+     word}.
+
+builtin_addr_to_str() ->
+    {[{"a", word}], ?call({baseX_int, 58}, [?V(a)]), word}.
+

src/aeso_compiler.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,618 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Happi (Erik Stenman)
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Compiler from Aeterinty Sophia language to the Aeternity VM, aevm.
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 12 Dec 2017
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_compiler).
+
+-export([ file/1
+        , file/2
+        , from_string/2
+        , check_call/4
+        , create_calldata/3  %% deprecated
+        , create_calldata/4
+        , version/0
+        , sophia_type_to_typerep/1
+        , to_sophia_value/4  %% deprecated, need a backend
+        , to_sophia_value/5
+        , decode_calldata/3  %% deprecated
+        , decode_calldata/4
+        , parse/2
+        , add_include_path/2
+        ]).
+
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+
+-type option() :: pp_sophia_code
+                | pp_ast
+                | pp_types
+                | pp_typed_ast
+                | pp_icode
+                | pp_assembler
+                | pp_bytecode
+                | no_code
+                | {backend, aevm | fate}
+                | {include, {file_system, [string()]} |
+                            {explicit_files, #{string() => binary()}}}
+                | {src_file, string()}.
+-type options() :: [option()].
+
+-export_type([ option/0
+             , options/0
+             ]).
+
+-spec version() -> {ok, binary()} | {error, term()}.
+version() ->
+    case lists:keyfind(aesophia, 1, application:loaded_applications()) of
+        false ->
+            case application:load(aesophia) of
+                ok ->
+                    case application:get_key(aesophia, vsn) of
+                        {ok, VsnString} ->
+                            {ok, list_to_binary(VsnString)};
+                        undefined ->
+                            {error, failed_to_load_aesophia}
+                    end;
+                Err = {error, _} ->
+                    Err
+            end;
+        {_App, _Des, VsnString} ->
+            {ok, list_to_binary(VsnString)}
+    end.
+
+-spec file(string()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
+file(Filename) ->
+    file(Filename, []).
+
+-spec file(string(), options()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
+file(File, Options0) ->
+    Options = add_include_path(File, Options0),
+    case read_contract(File) of
+        {ok, Bin} -> from_string(Bin, [{src_file, File} | Options]);
+        {error, Error} ->
+	    ErrorString = [File,": ",file:format_error(Error)],
+	    {error, join_errors("File errors", [ErrorString], fun(E) -> E end)}
+    end.
+
+add_include_path(File, Options) ->
+    case lists:keymember(include, 1, Options) of
+        true  -> Options;
+        false ->
+            Dir = filename:dirname(File),
+            {ok, Cwd} = file:get_cwd(),
+            [{include, {file_system, [Cwd, Dir]}} | Options]
+    end.
+
+-spec from_string(binary() | string(), options()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
+from_string(Contract, Options) ->
+    from_string(proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm), Contract, Options).
+
+from_string(Backend, ContractBin, Options) when is_binary(ContractBin) ->
+    from_string(Backend, binary_to_list(ContractBin), Options);
+from_string(Backend, ContractString, Options) ->
+    try
+        from_string1(Backend, ContractString, Options)
+    catch
+        %% The compiler errors.
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{code_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", Errors,
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+        %% General programming errors in the compiler just signal error.
+    end.
+
+from_string1(aevm, ContractString, Options) ->
+    #{icode := Icode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+    TypeInfo  = extract_type_info(Icode),
+    Assembler = assemble(Icode, Options),
+    pp_assembler(Assembler, Options),
+    ByteCodeList = to_bytecode(Assembler, Options),
+    ByteCode = << << B:8 >> || B <- ByteCodeList >>,
+    pp_bytecode(ByteCode, Options),
+    {ok, Version} = version(),
+    {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
+           compiler_version => Version,
+           contract_source => ContractString,
+           type_info => TypeInfo,
+           abi_version => aeb_aevm_abi:abi_version(),
+           payable => maps:get(payable, Icode)
+          }};
+from_string1(fate, ContractString, Options) ->
+    #{fcode := FCode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+    FateCode = aeso_fcode_to_fate:compile(FCode, Options),
+    ByteCode = aeb_fate_code:serialize(FateCode, []),
+    {ok, Version} = version(),
+    {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
+           compiler_version => Version,
+           contract_source => ContractString,
+           type_info => [],
+           fate_code => FateCode,
+           abi_version => aeb_fate_abi:abi_version(),
+           payable => maps:get(payable, FCode)
+          }}.
+
+-spec string_to_code(string(), options()) -> map().
+string_to_code(ContractString, Options) ->
+    Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
+    pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
+    pp_ast(Ast, Options),
+    {TypeEnv, TypedAst} = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [return_env]),
+    pp_typed_ast(TypedAst, Options),
+    case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+        aevm ->
+            Icode = ast_to_icode(TypedAst, Options),
+            pp_icode(Icode, Options),
+            #{ icode => Icode,
+               typed_ast => TypedAst,
+               type_env  => TypeEnv};
+        fate ->
+            Fcode = aeso_ast_to_fcode:ast_to_fcode(TypedAst, Options),
+            #{ fcode => Fcode,
+               typed_ast => TypedAst,
+               type_env  => TypeEnv}
+    end.
+
+join_errors(Prefix, Errors, Pfun) ->
+    Ess = [ Pfun(E) || E <- Errors ],
+    list_to_binary(string:join([Prefix|Ess], "\n")).
+
+-define(CALL_NAME,   "__call").
+-define(DECODE_NAME, "__decode").
+
+%% Takes a string containing a contract with a declaration/prototype of a
+%% function (foo, say) and adds function __call() = foo(args) calling this
+%% function. Returns the name of the called functions, typereps and Erlang
+%% terms for the arguments.
+%% NOTE: Special treatment for "init" since it might be implicit and has
+%%       a special return type (typerep, T)
+-spec check_call(string(), string(), [string()], options()) -> {ok, string(), {[Type], Type}, [term()]}
+                                                                   | {ok, string(), [term()]}
+                                                                   | {error, term()}
+    when Type :: term().
+check_call(Source, "init" = FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    case check_call1(Source, FunName, Args, Options) of
+        Err = {error, _} when Args == [] ->
+            %% Try with default init-function
+            case check_call1(insert_init_function(Source, Options), FunName, Args, Options) of
+                {error, _} -> Err; %% The first error is most likely better...
+                Res        -> Res
+            end;
+        Res ->
+            Res
+    end;
+check_call(Source, FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    check_call1(Source, FunName, Args, Options).
+
+check_call1(ContractString0, FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    try
+        case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+            aevm ->
+                %% First check the contract without the __call function
+                #{} = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
+                ContractString = insert_call_function(ContractString0, ?CALL_NAME, FunName, Args, Options),
+                #{typed_ast := TypedAst,
+                  icode     := Icode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+                {ok, {FunName, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, RetType}}} = get_call_type(TypedAst),
+                ArgVMTypes = [ aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(T, Icode) || T <- ArgTypes ],
+                RetVMType  = case RetType of
+                                 {id, _, "_"} -> any;
+                                 _            -> aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(RetType, Icode)
+                             end,
+                #{ functions := Funs } = Icode,
+                ArgIcode = get_arg_icode(Funs),
+                ArgTerms = [ icode_to_term(T, Arg) ||
+                               {T, Arg} <- lists:zip(ArgVMTypes, ArgIcode) ],
+                RetVMType1 =
+                    case FunName of
+                        "init" -> {tuple, [typerep, RetVMType]};
+                        _ -> RetVMType
+                    end,
+                {ok, FunName, {ArgVMTypes, RetVMType1}, ArgTerms};
+            fate ->
+                %% First check the contract without the __call function
+                #{fcode := OrgFcode} = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
+                FateCode = aeso_fcode_to_fate:compile(OrgFcode, []),
+                %% collect all hashes and compute the first name without hash collision to
+                SymbolHashes = maps:keys(aeb_fate_code:symbols(FateCode)),
+                CallName = first_none_match(?CALL_NAME, SymbolHashes,
+                                            lists:seq($1, $9) ++ lists:seq($A, $Z) ++ lists:seq($a, $z)),
+                ContractString = insert_call_function(ContractString0, CallName, FunName, Args, Options),
+                #{fcode := Fcode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+                CallArgs = arguments_of_body(CallName, FunName, Fcode),
+                {ok, FunName, CallArgs}
+        end
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_call_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["missing __call function"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+    end.
+
+arguments_of_body(CallName, _FunName, Fcode) ->
+    #{body := Body} = maps:get({entrypoint, list_to_binary(CallName)}, maps:get(functions, Fcode)),
+    {def, _FName, Args} = Body,
+    %% FName is either {entrypoint, list_to_binary(FunName)} or 'init'
+    [ aeso_fcode_to_fate:term_to_fate(A) || A <- Args ].
+
+first_none_match(_CallName, _Hashes, []) ->
+    error(unable_to_find_unique_call_name);
+first_none_match(CallName, Hashes, [Char|Chars]) ->
+    case not lists:member(aeb_fate_code:symbol_identifier(list_to_binary(CallName)), Hashes) of
+        true ->
+            CallName;
+        false ->
+            first_none_match(?CALL_NAME++[Char], Hashes, Chars)
+    end.
+
+%% Add the __call function to a contract.
+-spec insert_call_function(string(), string(), string(), [string()], options()) -> string().
+insert_call_function(Code, Call, FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    Ast = parse(Code, Options),
+    Ind = last_contract_indent(Ast),
+    lists:flatten(
+        [ Code,
+          "\n\n",
+          lists:duplicate(Ind, " "),
+          "stateful entrypoint ", Call, "() = ", FunName, "(", string:join(Args, ","), ")\n"
+        ]).
+
+-spec insert_init_function(string(), options()) -> string().
+insert_init_function(Code, Options) ->
+    Ast = parse(Code, Options),
+    Ind = last_contract_indent(Ast),
+    lists:flatten(
+        [ Code,
+          "\n\n",
+          lists:duplicate(Ind, " "), "entrypoint init() = ()\n"
+        ]).
+
+last_contract_indent(Decls) ->
+    case lists:last(Decls) of
+        {_, _, _, [Decl | _]} -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(col, Decl, 1) - 1;
+        _                     -> 0
+    end.
+
+-spec to_sophia_value(string(), string(), ok | error | revert, aeb_aevm_data:data()) ->
+        {ok, aeso_syntax:expr()} | {error, term()}.
+to_sophia_value(ContractString, Fun, ResType, Data) ->
+    to_sophia_value(ContractString, Fun, ResType, Data, [{backend, aevm}]).
+
+-spec to_sophia_value(string(), string(), ok | error | revert, binary(), options()) ->
+        {ok, aeso_syntax:expr()} | {error, term()}.
+to_sophia_value(_, _, error, Err, _Options) ->
+    {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "error"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
+to_sophia_value(_, _, revert, Data, Options) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+        aevm ->
+            case aeb_heap:from_binary(string, Data) of
+                {ok, Err} -> {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
+                {error, _} = Err -> Err
+            end;
+        fate ->
+            Err = aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data),
+            {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}}
+    end;
+to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
+    try
+        Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
+        {ok, _, Type0} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
+        Type   = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
+
+        case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+            aevm ->
+                Icode  = maps:get(icode, Code),
+                VmType = aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode),
+                case aeb_heap:from_binary(VmType, Data) of
+                    {ok, VmValue} ->
+                        try
+                            {ok, aeso_vm_decode:from_aevm(VmType, Type, VmValue)}
+                        catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                            Type0Str = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
+                            {error, join_errors("Translation error", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate VM value ~p\n  of type ~p\n  to Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                                    [Data, VmType, Type0Str]))],
+                                                fun (E) -> E end)}
+                        end;
+                    {error, _Err} ->
+                        {error, join_errors("Decode errors", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Failed to decode binary at type ~p", [VmType]))],
+                                            fun(E) -> E end)}
+                end;
+            fate ->
+               try
+                   {ok, aeso_vm_decode:from_fate(Type, aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data))}
+               catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                   {error, join_errors("Translation error",
+                                       [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate fate value ~p\n of Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                    [aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data), Type]))],
+                                       fun (E) -> E end)};
+                     _:R ->
+                   {error, iolist_to_binary(io_lib:format("Decode error ~p: ~p\n", [R, erlang:get_stacktrace()]))}
+               end
+        end
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["no function: '" ++ FunName ++ "'"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+    end.
+
+
+-spec create_calldata(string(), string(), [string()]) ->
+                             {ok, binary(), aeb_aevm_data:type(), aeb_aevm_data:type()}
+                             | {error, term()}.
+create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args) ->
+    create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args, [{backend, aevm}]).
+
+-spec create_calldata(string(), string(), [string()], [{atom(), any()}]) ->
+                             {ok, binary()}
+                             | {error, term()}.
+create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
+    case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+        aevm ->
+            case check_call(Code, Fun, Args, Options) of
+                {ok, FunName, {ArgTypes, RetType}, VMArgs} ->
+                    aeb_aevm_abi:create_calldata(FunName, VMArgs, ArgTypes, RetType);
+                {error, _} = Err -> Err
+            end;
+        fate ->
+            case check_call(Code, Fun, Args, Options) of
+                {ok, FunName, FateArgs} ->
+                    aeb_fate_abi:create_calldata(FunName, FateArgs);
+                {error, _} = Err -> Err
+            end
+    end.
+
+-spec decode_calldata(string(), string(), binary()) ->
+                             {ok, [aeso_syntax:type()], [aeso_syntax:expr()]}
+                             | {error, term()}.
+decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata) ->
+    decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, [{backend, aevm}]).
+
+decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
+    try
+        Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
+
+        {ok, Args, _} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
+        DropArg       = fun({arg, _, _, T}) -> T; (T) -> T end,
+        ArgTypes      = lists:map(DropArg, Args),
+        Type0         = {tuple_t, [], ArgTypes},
+        %% user defined data types such as variants needed to match against
+        Type          = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
+        case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+            aevm ->
+                Icode  = maps:get(icode, Code),
+                VmType = aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode),
+                case aeb_heap:from_binary({tuple, [word, VmType]}, Calldata) of
+                    {ok, {_, VmValue}} ->
+                        try
+                            {tuple, [], Values} = aeso_vm_decode:from_aevm(VmType, Type, VmValue),
+                            %% Values are Sophia expressions in AST format
+                            {ok, ArgTypes, Values}
+                        catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                                Type0Str = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
+                                {error, join_errors("Translation error",
+                                                    [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate VM value ~p\n  of type ~p\n  to Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                                 [VmValue, VmType, Type0Str]))],
+                                                    fun (E) -> E end)}
+                        end;
+                    {error, _Err} ->
+                        {error, join_errors("Decode errors", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Failed to decode binary at type ~p", [VmType]))],
+                                            fun(E) -> E end)}
+                end;
+            fate ->
+                case aeb_fate_abi:decode_calldata(FunName, Calldata) of
+                    {ok, FateArgs} ->
+                        try
+                            {tuple_t, [], ArgTypes1} = Type,
+                            AstArgs = [ aeso_vm_decode:from_fate(ArgType, FateArg)
+                                        || {ArgType, FateArg} <- lists:zip(ArgTypes1, FateArgs)],
+                            {ok, ArgTypes, AstArgs}
+                        catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                                Type0Str = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
+                                {error, join_errors("Translation error",
+                                                    [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate fate value ~p\n of Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                                 [FateArgs, Type0Str]))],
+                                                    fun (E) -> E end)}
+                        end;
+                    {error, _} ->
+                        {error, join_errors("Decode errors", ["Failed to decode binary"],
+                                            fun(E) -> E end)}
+                end
+        end
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["no function: '" ++ FunName ++ "'"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+    end.
+
+get_arg_icode(Funs) ->
+    case [ Args || {[_, ?CALL_NAME], _, _, {funcall, _, Args}, _} <- Funs ] of
+        [Args] -> Args;
+        []     -> error({missing_call_function, Funs})
+    end.
+
+get_call_type([{contract, _, _, Defs}]) ->
+    case [ {lists:last(QFunName), FunType}
+          || {letfun, _, {id, _, ?CALL_NAME}, [], _Ret,
+                {typed, _,
+                    {app, _,
+                        {typed, _, {qid, _, QFunName}, FunType}, _}, _}} <- Defs ] of
+        [Call] -> {ok, Call};
+        []     -> {error, missing_call_function}
+    end;
+get_call_type([_ | Contracts]) ->
+    %% The __call should be in the final contract
+    get_call_type(Contracts).
+
+get_decode_type(FunName, [{contract, _, _, Defs}]) ->
+    GetType = fun({letfun, _, {id, _, Name}, Args, Ret, _})               when Name == FunName -> [{Args, Ret}];
+                 ({fun_decl, _, {id, _, Name}, {fun_t, _, _, Args, Ret}}) when Name == FunName -> [{Args, Ret}];
+                 (_) -> [] end,
+    case lists:flatmap(GetType, Defs) of
+        [{Args, Ret}] -> {ok, Args, Ret};
+        []            ->
+            case FunName of
+                "init" -> {ok, [], {tuple_t, [], []}};
+                 _ -> {error, missing_function}
+            end
+    end;
+get_decode_type(FunName, [_ | Contracts]) ->
+    %% The __decode should be in the final contract
+    get_decode_type(FunName, Contracts).
+
+%% Translate an icode value (error if not value) to an Erlang term that can be
+%% consumed by aeb_heap:to_binary().
+icode_to_term(word, {integer, N}) -> N;
+icode_to_term(word, {unop, '-', {integer, N}}) -> -N;
+icode_to_term(string, {tuple, [{integer, Len} | Words]}) ->
+    <<Str:Len/binary, _/binary>> = << <<W:256>> || {integer, W} <- Words >>,
+    Str;
+icode_to_term({list, T}, {list, Vs}) ->
+    [ icode_to_term(T, V) || V <- Vs ];
+icode_to_term({tuple, Ts}, {tuple, Vs}) ->
+    list_to_tuple(icodes_to_terms(Ts, Vs));
+icode_to_term({variant, Cs}, {tuple, [{integer, Tag} | Args]}) ->
+    Ts = lists:nth(Tag + 1, Cs),
+    {variant, Tag, icodes_to_terms(Ts, Args)};
+icode_to_term(T = {map, KT, VT}, M) ->
+    %% Maps are compiled to builtin and primop calls, so this gets a little hairy
+    case M of
+        {funcall, {var_ref, {builtin, map_put}}, [M1, K, V]} ->
+            Map = icode_to_term(T, M1),
+            Key = icode_to_term(KT, K),
+            Val = icode_to_term(VT, V),
+            Map#{ Key => Val };
+        #prim_call_contract{ address = {integer, 0},
+                             arg = {tuple, [{integer, ?PRIM_CALL_MAP_EMPTY}, _, _]} } ->
+            #{};
+        _ -> throw({todo, M})
+    end;
+icode_to_term(typerep, _) ->
+    throw({todo, typerep});
+icode_to_term(T, V) ->
+    throw({not_a_value, T, V}).
+
+icodes_to_terms(Ts, Vs) ->
+    [ icode_to_term(T, V) || {T, V} <- lists:zip(Ts, Vs) ].
+
+ast_to_icode(TypedAst, Options) ->
+    aeso_ast_to_icode:convert_typed(TypedAst, Options).
+
+assemble(Icode, Options) ->
+    aeso_icode_to_asm:convert(Icode, Options).
+
+
+to_bytecode(['COMMENT',_|Rest],_Options) ->
+    to_bytecode(Rest,_Options);
+to_bytecode([Op|Rest], Options) ->
+    [aeb_opcodes:m_to_op(Op)|to_bytecode(Rest, Options)];
+to_bytecode([], _) -> [].
+
+extract_type_info(#{functions := Functions} =_Icode) ->
+    ArgTypesOnly = fun(As) -> [ T || {_, T} <- As ] end,
+    Payable = fun(Attrs) -> proplists:get_value(payable, Attrs, false) end,
+    TypeInfo = [aeb_aevm_abi:function_type_info(list_to_binary(lists:last(Name)),
+                                            Payable(Attrs), ArgTypesOnly(Args), TypeRep)
+                || {Name, Attrs, Args,_Body, TypeRep} <- Functions,
+                   not is_tuple(Name),
+                   not lists:member(private, Attrs)
+               ],
+    lists:sort(TypeInfo).
+
+pp_sophia_code(C, Opts)->  pp(C, Opts, pp_sophia_code, fun(Code) ->
+                                io:format("~s\n", [prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(Code))])
+                            end).
+pp_ast(C, Opts)      ->  pp(C, Opts, pp_ast, fun aeso_ast:pp/1).
+pp_typed_ast(C, Opts)->  pp(C, Opts, pp_typed_ast, fun aeso_ast:pp_typed/1).
+pp_icode(C, Opts)    ->  pp(C, Opts, pp_icode, fun aeso_icode:pp/1).
+pp_assembler(C, Opts)->  pp(C, Opts, pp_assembler, fun aeb_asm:pp/1).
+pp_bytecode(C, Opts) ->  pp(C, Opts, pp_bytecode, fun aeb_disassemble:pp/1).
+
+pp(Code, Options, Option, PPFun) ->
+    case proplists:lookup(Option, Options) of
+        {Option, true} ->
+            PPFun(Code);
+        none ->
+            ok
+    end.
+
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+sophia_type_to_typerep(String) ->
+    {ok, Ast} = aeso_parser:type(String),
+    try aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Ast) of
+        Type -> {ok, Type}
+    catch _:_ -> {error, bad_type}
+    end.
+
+-spec parse(string(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> none() | aeso_syntax:ast().
+parse(Text, Options) ->
+    parse(Text, sets:new(), Options).
+
+-spec parse(string(), sets:set(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> none() | aeso_syntax:ast().
+parse(Text, Included, Options) ->
+    %% Try and return something sensible here!
+    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Included, Options) of
+        %% Yay, it worked!
+        {ok, Contract} -> Contract;
+        %% Scan errors.
+        {error, {Pos, scan_error}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, "scan error");
+        {error, {Pos, scan_error_no_state}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, "scan error");
+        %% Parse errors.
+        {error, {Pos, parse_error, Error}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, Error);
+        {error, {Pos, ambiguous_parse, As}} ->
+            ErrorString = io_lib:format("Ambiguous ~p", [As]),
+            parse_error(Pos, ErrorString);
+        %% Include error
+        {error, {Pos, include_error, File}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, io_lib:format("could not find include file '~s'", [File]))
+    end.
+
+-spec parse_error(aeso_parse_lib:pos(), string()) -> none().
+parse_error(Pos, ErrorString) ->
+    Error = io_lib:format("~s: ~s", [pos_error(Pos), ErrorString]),
+    error({parse_errors, [Error]}).
+
+read_contract(Name) ->
+    file:read_file(Name).
+
+pos_error({Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("line ~p, column ~p", [Line, Pos]);
+pos_error({no_file, Line, Pos}) ->
+    pos_error({Line, Pos});
+pos_error({File, Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("file ~s, line ~p, column ~p", [File, Line, Pos]).

src/aeso_constants.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+-module(aeso_constants).
+
+-export([string/1, get_type/1]).
+
+string(Str) ->
+    case aeso_parser:string("let _ = " ++ Str) of
+        {ok, [{letval, _, _, _, E}]} -> {ok, E};
+        {ok, Other}                  -> error({internal_error, should_be_letval, Other});
+        Err                          -> Err
+    end.
+
+get_type(Str) ->
+    case aeso_parser:string("let _ = " ++ Str) of
+        {ok, [Ast]} ->
+            AstT = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer_constant(Ast),
+            T = ast_to_type(AstT),
+            {ok, T};
+        {ok, Other} -> error({internal_error, should_be_letval, Other});
+        Err         -> Err
+    end.
+
+ast_to_type({id, _, T}) ->
+    T;
+ast_to_type({tuple_t, _, []}) -> "()";
+ast_to_type({tuple_t, _, Ts}) ->
+    "(" ++ list_ast_to_type(Ts) ++ ")";
+ast_to_type({app_t,_, {id, _, "list"}, [T]}) ->
+    lists:flatten("list(" ++ ast_to_type(T) ++ ")");
+ast_to_type({app_t,_, {id, _, "option"}, [T]}) ->
+    lists:flatten("option(" ++ ast_to_type(T) ++ ")").
+
+list_ast_to_type([T]) ->
+    ast_to_type(T);
+list_ast_to_type([T|Ts]) ->
+    ast_to_type(T)
+        ++ ", "
+        ++ list_ast_to_type(Ts).
+
+
+
+
+

src/aeso_icode.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Happi (Erik Stenman)
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Intermediate Code for Aeterinty Sophia language.
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 21 Dec 2017
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_icode).
+
+-export([new/1,
+         pp/1,
+         set_name/2,
+         set_namespace/2,
+         set_payable/2,
+         enter_namespace/2,
+         get_namespace/1,
+         qualify/2,
+         set_functions/2,
+         map_typerep/2,
+         option_typerep/1,
+         get_constructor_tag/2]).
+
+-export_type([icode/0]).
+
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+-type type_def() :: fun(([aeb_aevm_data:type()]) -> aeb_aevm_data:type()).
+
+-type bindings() :: any().
+-type fun_dec() :: { string()
+                   , [modifier()]
+                   , arg_list()
+                   , expr()
+                   , aeb_aevm_data:type()}.
+
+-type modifier() :: private | stateful.
+
+-type type_name() :: string() | [string()].
+
+-type icode() :: #{ contract_name => string()
+                  , functions => [fun_dec()]
+                  , namespace => aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon()
+                  , env => [bindings()]
+                  , state_type => aeb_aevm_data:type()
+                  , event_type => aeb_aevm_data:type()
+                  , types => #{ type_name() => type_def() }
+                  , type_vars => #{ string() => aeb_aevm_data:type() }
+                  , constructors => #{ [string()] => integer() }  %% name to tag
+                  , options => [any()]
+                  , payable => boolean()
+                  }.
+
+pp(Icode) ->
+    %% TODO: Actually do *Pretty* printing.
+    io:format("~p~n", [Icode]).
+
+-spec new([any()]) -> icode().
+new(Options) ->
+    #{ contract_name => ""
+     , functions => []
+     , env => new_env()
+       %% Default to unit type for state and event
+     , state_type => {tuple, []}
+     , event_type => {tuple, []}
+     , types => builtin_types()
+     , type_vars => #{}
+     , constructors => builtin_constructors()
+     , options => Options
+     , payable => false }.
+
+builtin_types() ->
+    Word = fun([]) -> word end,
+    #{ "bool"         => Word
+     , "int"          => Word
+     , "bits"         => Word
+     , "string"       => fun([]) -> string end
+     , "address"      => Word
+     , "hash"         => Word
+     , "unit"         => fun([]) -> {tuple, []} end
+     , "signature"    => fun([]) -> {tuple, [word, word]} end
+     , "oracle"       => fun([_, _]) -> word end
+     , "oracle_query" => fun([_, _]) -> word end
+     , "list"         => fun([A]) -> {list, A} end
+     , "option"       => fun([A]) -> {variant, [[], [A]]} end
+     , "map"          => fun([K, V]) -> map_typerep(K, V) end
+     , ["Chain", "ttl"] => fun([]) -> {variant, [[word], [word]]} end
+     }.
+
+builtin_constructors() ->
+    #{ ["RelativeTTL"] => 0
+     , ["FixedTTL"]    => 1
+     , ["None"]        => 0
+     , ["Some"]        => 1 }.
+
+map_typerep(K, V) ->
+    {map, K, V}.
+
+option_typerep(A) ->
+    {variant, [[], [A]]}.
+
+new_env() ->
+    [].
+
+-spec set_name(string(), icode()) -> icode().
+set_name(Name, Icode) ->
+    maps:put(contract_name, Name, Icode).
+
+-spec set_payable(boolean(), icode()) -> icode().
+set_payable(Payable, Icode) ->
+    maps:put(payable, Payable, Icode).
+
+-spec set_namespace(aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon(), icode()) -> icode().
+set_namespace(NS, Icode) -> Icode#{ namespace => NS }.
+
+-spec enter_namespace(aeso_syntax:con(), icode()) -> icode().
+enter_namespace(NS, Icode = #{ namespace := NS1 }) ->
+    Icode#{ namespace => aeso_syntax:qualify(NS1, NS) };
+enter_namespace(NS, Icode) ->
+    Icode#{ namespace => NS }.
+
+-spec get_namespace(icode()) -> false | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon().
+get_namespace(Icode) -> maps:get(namespace, Icode, false).
+
+-spec qualify(aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:con(), icode()) -> aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:qid() | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon().
+qualify(X, Icode) ->
+    case get_namespace(Icode) of
+        false -> X;
+        NS    -> aeso_syntax:qualify(NS, X)
+    end.
+
+-spec set_functions([fun_dec()], icode()) -> icode().
+set_functions(NewFuns, Icode) ->
+    maps:put(functions, NewFuns, Icode).
+
+-spec get_constructor_tag([string()], icode()) -> integer().
+get_constructor_tag(Name, #{constructors := Constructors}) ->
+    case maps:get(Name, Constructors, undefined) of
+        undefined -> error({undefined_constructor, Name});
+        Tag       -> Tag
+    end.
+

src/aeso_icode.hrl

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_typerep_def.hrl").
+
+-record(arg, {name::string(), type::?Type()}).
+
+-type expr() :: term().
+-type arg() :: #arg{name::string(), type::?Type()}.
+-type arg_list() :: [arg()].
+
+-record(fun_dec, { name :: string()
+                 , args :: arg_list()
+                 , body :: expr()}).
+
+-record(var_ref, { name :: string() | list(string()) | {builtin, atom() | tuple()}}).
+
+-record(prim_call_contract,
+    { gas      :: expr()
+    , address  :: expr()
+    , value    :: expr()
+    , arg      :: expr()
+    , type_hash:: expr()
+    }).
+
+-record(prim_balance,    { address :: expr() }).
+-record(prim_block_hash, { height :: expr() }).
+-record(prim_put,        { state :: expr() }).
+
+-record(integer, {value :: integer()}).
+
+-record(tuple,   {cpts  :: [expr()]}).
+
+-record(list,    {elems :: [expr()]}).
+
+-record(unop,    { op   :: term()
+                 , rand :: expr()}).
+
+-record(binop,   { op   :: term()
+                 , left :: expr()
+                 , right :: expr()}).
+
+-record(ifte,    { decision :: expr()
+                 , then :: expr()
+                 , else :: expr()}).
+
+-record(switch,  { expr  :: expr()
+                 , cases :: [{expr(),expr()}]}).
+
+-record(funcall, { function :: expr()
+                 , args     :: [expr()]}).
+
+-record(lambda,  { args :: arg_list(),
+                   body :: expr()}).
+
+-record(missing_field, { format :: string()
+                       , args   :: [term()]}).
+
+-record(seq, {exprs :: [expr()]}).
+
+-record(event, {topics :: [expr()], payload :: expr()}).

src/aeso_icode_to_asm.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,983 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Happi (Erik Stenman)
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Translator from Aesophia Icode to Aevm Assebly
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 21 Dec 2017
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_icode_to_asm).
+
+-export([convert/2]).
+
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+i(Code) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(Code).
+
+%% We don't track purity or statefulness in the type checker yet.
+is_stateful({FName, _, _, _, _}) -> lists:last(FName) /= "init".
+
+is_public({_Name, Attrs, _Args, _Body, _Type}) -> not lists:member(private, Attrs).
+
+convert(#{ contract_name := _ContractName
+         , state_type := StateType
+         , functions := Functions
+              },
+        _Options) ->
+    %% Create a function dispatcher
+    DispatchFun = {"_main", [], [{"arg", "_"}],
+                   {switch, {var_ref, "arg"},
+                    [{{tuple, [fun_hash(Fun),
+                               {tuple, make_args(Args)}]},
+                      icode_seq([ hack_return_address(Fun, length(Args) + 1) ] ++
+                                [ {funcall, {var_ref, FName}, make_args(Args)}]
+                               )}
+                     || Fun={FName, _, Args, _,_TypeRep} <- Functions, is_public(Fun) ]},
+                   word},
+    NewFunctions = Functions ++ [DispatchFun],
+    %% Create a function environment
+    Funs = [{Name, length(Args), make_ref()}
+            || {Name, _Attrs, Args, _Body, _Type} <- NewFunctions],
+    %% Create dummy code to call the main function with one argument
+    %% taken from the stack
+    StopLabel = make_ref(),
+    StatefulStopLabel = make_ref(),
+    MainFunction = lookup_fun(Funs, "_main"),
+
+    StateTypeValue = aeso_ast_to_icode:type_value(StateType),
+
+    DispatchCode = [%% push two return addresses to stop, one for stateful
+                    %% functions and one for non-stateful functions.
+                    push_label(StatefulStopLabel),
+                    push_label(StopLabel),
+                    %% The calldata is already on the stack when we start. Put
+                    %% it on top (also reorders StatefulStop and Stop).
+                    swap(2),
+
+                    jump(MainFunction),
+                    jumpdest(StatefulStopLabel),
+
+                    %% We need to encode the state type and put it
+                    %% underneath the return value.
+                    assemble_expr(Funs, [], nontail, StateTypeValue), %% StateT Ret
+                    swap(1),                                          %% Ret StateT
+
+                    %% We should also change the state value at address 0 to a
+                    %% pointer to the state value (to allow 0 to represent an
+                    %% unchanged state).
+                    i(?MSIZE),             %% Ptr
+                    push(0), i(?MLOAD),    %% Val Ptr
+                    i(?MSIZE), i(?MSTORE), %% Ptr   Mem[Ptr] := Val
+                    push(0), i(?MSTORE),   %%       Mem[0]   := Ptr
+
+                    %% The pointer to the return value is on top of
+                    %% the stack, but the return instruction takes two
+                    %% stack arguments.
+                    push(0),
+                    i(?RETURN),
+                    jumpdest(StopLabel),
+                    %% Set state pointer to 0 to indicate that we didn't change state
+                    push(0), dup(1), i(?MSTORE),
+                    %% Same as StatefulStopLabel above
+                    push(0),
+                    i(?RETURN)
+                   ],
+    %% Code is a deep list of instructions, containing labels and
+    %% references to them. Labels take the form {'JUMPDEST', Ref}, and
+    %% references take the form {push_label, Ref}, which is translated
+    %% into a PUSH instruction.
+    Code = [assemble_function(Funs, Name, Args, Body)
+            || {Name, _, Args, Body, _Type} <- NewFunctions],
+    resolve_references(
+        [%% i(?COMMENT), "CONTRACT: " ++ ContractName,
+         DispatchCode,
+         Code]).
+
+%% Generate error on correct format.
+
+gen_error(Error) ->
+    error({code_errors, [Error]}).
+
+make_args(Args) ->
+    [{var_ref, [I-1 + $a]} || I <- lists:seq(1, length(Args))].
+
+fun_hash({FName, _, Args, _, TypeRep}) ->
+    ArgType = {tuple, [T || {_, T} <- Args]},
+    <<Hash:256>> = aeb_aevm_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(lists:last(FName)), ArgType, TypeRep),
+    {integer, Hash}.
+
+%% Expects two return addresses below N elements on the stack. Picks the top
+%% one for stateful functions and the bottom one for non-stateful.
+hack_return_address(Fun, N) ->
+    case is_stateful(Fun) of
+        true  -> {inline_asm, [i(?MSIZE)]};
+        false ->
+            {inline_asm,     %% X1 .. XN State NoState
+             [ dup(N + 2)    %% NoState X1 .. XN State NoState
+             , swap(N + 1)   %% State X1 .. XN NoState NoState
+             ]}  %% Top of the stack will be discarded.
+    end.
+
+assemble_function(Funs, Name, Args, Body) ->
+    [jumpdest(lookup_fun(Funs, Name)),
+     assemble_expr(Funs, lists:reverse(Args), tail, Body),
+     %% swap return value and first argument
+     pop_args(length(Args)),
+     swap(1),
+     i(?JUMP)].
+
+%% {seq, Es} - should be "one" operation in terms of stack content
+%% i.e. after the `seq` there should be one new element on the stack.
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {seq, [E]}) ->
+    assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, E);
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {seq, [E | Es]}) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, E),
+     assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {seq, Es})];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, {inline_asm, Code}) ->
+    Code;   %% Unsafe! Code should take care to respect the stack!
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _TailPosition, {var_ref, Id}) ->
+    case lists:keymember(Id, 1, Stack) of
+        true ->
+            dup(lookup_var(Id, Stack));
+        false ->
+            %% Build a closure
+            %% When a top-level fun is called directly, we do not
+            %% reach this case.
+            Eta = make_ref(),
+            Continue = make_ref(),
+            [i(?MSIZE),
+             push_label(Eta),
+             dup(2),
+             i(?MSTORE),
+             jump(Continue),
+             %% the code of the closure
+             jumpdest(Eta),
+             %% pop the pointer to the function
+             pop(1),
+             jump(lookup_fun(Funs, Id)),
+             jumpdest(Continue)]
+    end;
+assemble_expr(_, _, _, {missing_field, Format, Args}) ->
+    io:format(Format, Args),
+    gen_error(missing_field);
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _, {integer, N}) ->
+    push(N);
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {tuple, Cpts}) ->
+    %% We build tuples right-to-left, so that the first write to the
+    %% tuple extends the memory size. Because we use ?MSIZE as the
+    %% heap pointer, we must allocate the tuple AFTER computing the
+    %% first element.
+    %% We store elements into the tuple as soon as possible, to avoid
+    %% keeping them for a long time on the stack.
+    case lists:reverse(Cpts) of
+        [] ->
+            i(?MSIZE);
+        [Last|Rest] ->
+            [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, Last),
+             %% allocate the tuple memory
+             i(?MSIZE),
+             %% compute address of last word
+             push(32 * (length(Cpts) - 1)), i(?ADD),
+             %% Stack: <last-value> <pointer>
+             %% Write value to memory (allocates the tuple)
+             swap(1), dup(2), i(?MSTORE),
+             %% Stack: pointer to last word written
+             [[%% Update pointer to next word to be written
+               push(32), swap(1), i(?SUB),
+               %% Compute element
+               assemble_expr(Funs, [pointer|Stack], nontail, A),
+               %% Write element to memory
+               dup(2), i(?MSTORE)]
+               %% And we leave a pointer to the last word written on
+               %% the stack
+              || A <- Rest]]
+            %% The pointer to the entire tuple is on the stack
+    end;
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _, {list, []}) ->
+    %% Use Erik's value of -1 for []
+    [push(0), i(?NOT)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {list, [A|B]}) ->
+    assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, {tuple, [A, {list, B}]});
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {unop, '!', A}) ->
+    case A of
+        {binop, Logical, _, _} when Logical=='&&'; Logical=='||' ->
+            assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, {ifte, A, {integer, 0}, {integer, 1}});
+        _ ->
+            [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, A),
+             i(?ISZERO)
+            ]
+    end;
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {event, Topics, Payload}) ->
+    [assemble_exprs(Funs, Stack, Topics ++ [Payload]),
+     case length(Topics) of
+        0 -> i(?LOG0);
+        1 -> i(?LOG1);
+        2 -> i(?LOG2);
+        3 -> i(?LOG3);
+        4 -> i(?LOG4)
+     end, i(?MSIZE)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {unop, Op, A}) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, A),
+     assemble_prefix(Op)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {binop, '&&', A, B}) ->
+    assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {ifte, A, B, {integer, 0}});
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {binop, '||', A, B}) ->
+    assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {ifte, A, {integer, 1}, B});
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {binop, '::', A, B}) ->
+    %% Take advantage of optimizations in tuple construction.
+    assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {tuple, [A, B]});
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {binop, Op, A, B}) ->
+    %% EEVM binary instructions take their first argument from the top
+    %% of the stack, so to get operands on the stack in the right
+    %% order, we evaluate from right to left.
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, B),
+     assemble_expr(Funs, [dummy|Stack], nontail, A),
+     assemble_infix(Op)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _, {lambda, Args, Body}) ->
+    Function = make_ref(),
+    FunBody  = make_ref(),
+    Continue = make_ref(),
+    NoMatch  = make_ref(),
+    FreeVars = free_vars({lambda, Args, Body}),
+    {NewVars, MatchingCode} = assemble_pattern(FunBody, NoMatch, {tuple, [{var_ref, "_"}|FreeVars]}),
+    BodyCode = assemble_expr(Funs, NewVars ++ lists:reverse([ {Arg#arg.name, Arg#arg.type} || Arg <- Args ]), tail, Body),
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, {tuple, [{label, Function}|FreeVars]}),
+     jump(Continue), %% will be optimized away
+     jumpdest(Function),
+     %% A pointer to the closure is on the stack
+     MatchingCode,
+     jumpdest(FunBody),
+     BodyCode,
+     pop_args(length(Args)+length(NewVars)),
+     swap(1),
+     i(?JUMP),
+     jumpdest(NoMatch), %% dead code--raise an exception just in case
+     push(0),
+     i(?NOT),
+     i(?MLOAD),
+     i(?STOP),
+     jumpdest(Continue)];
+assemble_expr(_, _, _, {label, Label}) ->
+    push_label(Label);
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, {funcall, Fun, Args}) ->
+    Return = make_ref(),
+    %% This is the obvious code:
+    %%   [{push_label, Return},
+    %%    assemble_exprs(Funs, [return_address|Stack], Args++[Fun]),
+    %%    'JUMP',
+    %%    {'JUMPDEST', Return}];
+    %% Its problem is that it stores the return address on the stack
+    %% while the arguments are computed, which is unnecessary. To
+    %% avoid that, we compute the last argument FIRST, and replace it
+    %% with the return address using a SWAP.
+    %%
+    %% assemble_function leaves the code pointer of the function to
+    %% call on top of the stack, and--if the function is not a
+    %% top-level name--a pointer to its tuple of free variables. In
+    %% either case a JUMP is the right way to call it.
+    case Args of
+        [] ->
+            [push_label(Return),
+             assemble_function(Funs, [return_address|Stack], Fun),
+             i(?JUMP),
+             jumpdest(Return)];
+        _ ->
+            {Init, [Last]} = lists:split(length(Args) - 1, Args),
+            [assemble_exprs(Funs, Stack, [Last|Init]),
+             %% Put the return address in the right place, which also
+             %% reorders the args correctly.
+             push_label(Return),
+             swap(length(Args)),
+             assemble_function(Funs, [dummy || _ <- Args] ++ [return_address|Stack], Fun),
+             i(?JUMP),
+             jumpdest(Return)]
+    end;
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, tail, {funcall, Fun, Args}) ->
+    IsTopLevel = is_top_level_fun(Stack, Fun),
+    %% If the fun is not top-level, then it may refer to local
+    %% variables and must be computed before stack shuffling.
+    ArgsAndFun = Args++[Fun || not IsTopLevel],
+    ComputeArgsAndFun = assemble_exprs(Funs, Stack, ArgsAndFun),
+    %% Copy arguments back down the stack to the start of the frame
+    ShuffleSpec = lists:seq(length(ArgsAndFun), 1, -1) ++ [discard || _ <- Stack],
+    Shuffle = shuffle_stack(ShuffleSpec),
+    [ComputeArgsAndFun, Shuffle,
+     if IsTopLevel ->
+             %% still need to compute function
+             assemble_function(Funs, [], Fun);
+        true ->
+             %% need to unpack a closure
+             [dup(1), i(?MLOAD)]
+     end,
+     i(?JUMP)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {ifte, Decision, Then, Else}) ->
+    %% This compilation scheme introduces a lot of labels and
+    %% jumps. Unnecessary ones are removed later in
+    %% resolve_references.
+    Close = make_ref(),
+    ThenL = make_ref(),
+    ElseL = make_ref(),
+    [assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, Decision, ThenL, ElseL),
+     jumpdest(ElseL),
+     assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, Else),
+     jump(Close),
+     jumpdest(ThenL),
+     assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, Then),
+     jumpdest(Close)
+    ];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, Tail, {switch, A, Cases}) ->
+    Close = make_ref(),
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, A),
+     assemble_cases(Funs, Stack, Tail, Close, Cases),
+     {'JUMPDEST', Close}];
+%% State primitives
+%%  (A pointer to) the contract state is stored at address 0.
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_state) ->
+    [push(0), i(?MLOAD)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _Tail, #prim_put{ state = State }) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, State),
+     push(0), i(?MSTORE),   %% We need something for the unit value on the stack,
+     i(?MSIZE)];            %% MSIZE is the cheapest instruction.
+%% Environment primitives
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_contract_address) ->
+    [i(?ADDRESS)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_contract_creator) ->
+    [i(?CREATOR)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_call_origin) ->
+    [i(?ORIGIN)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_caller) ->
+    [i(?CALLER)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_call_value) ->
+    [i(?CALLVALUE)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_gas_price) ->
+    [i(?GASPRICE)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_gas_left) ->
+    [i(?GAS)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_coinbase) ->
+    [i(?COINBASE)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_timestamp) ->
+    [i(?TIMESTAMP)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_block_height) ->
+    [i(?NUMBER)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_difficulty) ->
+    [i(?DIFFICULTY)];
+assemble_expr(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, prim_gas_limit) ->
+    [i(?GASLIMIT)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _Tail, #prim_balance{ address = Addr }) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, Addr),
+     i(?BALANCE)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _Tail, #prim_block_hash{ height = Height }) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, Height),
+     i(?BLOCKHASH)];
+assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, _Tail,
+              #prim_call_contract{ gas      = Gas
+                                 , address  = To
+                                 , value    = Value
+                                 , arg      = Arg
+                                 , type_hash= TypeHash
+                                 }) ->
+    %% ?CALL takes (from the top)
+    %%   Gas, To, Value, Arg, TypeHash, _OOffset,_OSize
+    %% So assemble these in reverse order.
+    [ assemble_exprs(Funs, Stack, [ {integer, 0}, {integer, 0}, TypeHash
+                                  , Arg, Value, To, Gas ])
+    , i(?CALL)
+    ].
+
+
+assemble_exprs(_Funs, _Stack, []) ->
+    [];
+assemble_exprs(Funs, Stack, [E|Es]) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, E),
+     assemble_exprs(Funs, [dummy|Stack], Es)].
+
+assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, {binop, '&&', A, B}, Then, Else) ->
+    Label = make_ref(),
+    [assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, A, Label, Else),
+     jumpdest(Label),
+     assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, B, Then, Else)];
+assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, {binop, '||', A, B}, Then, Else) ->
+    Label = make_ref(),
+    [assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, A, Then, Label),
+     jumpdest(Label),
+     assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, B, Then, Else)];
+assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, {unop, '!', A}, Then, Else) ->
+    assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, A, Else, Then);
+assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, {ifte, A, B, C}, Then, Else) ->
+    TrueL  = make_ref(),
+    FalseL = make_ref(),
+    [assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, A, TrueL, FalseL),
+     jumpdest(TrueL),  assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, B, Then, Else),
+     jumpdest(FalseL), assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, C, Then, Else)];
+assemble_decision(Funs, Stack, Decision, Then, Else) ->
+    [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, Decision),
+     jump_if(Then), jump(Else)].
+
+%% Entered with value to switch on on top of the stack
+%% Evaluate selected case, then jump to Close with result on the
+%% stack.
+assemble_cases(_Funs, _Stack, _Tail, _Close, []) ->
+    %% No match! What should be do? There's no real way to raise an
+    %% exception, except consuming all the gas.
+    %% There should not be enough gas to do this:
+    [push(1), i(?NOT),
+     i(?MLOAD),
+     %% now stop, so that jump optimizer realizes we will not fall
+     %% through this code.
+     i(?STOP)];
+assemble_cases(Funs, Stack, Tail, Close, [{Pattern, Body}|Cases]) ->
+    Succeed = make_ref(),
+    Fail = make_ref(),
+    {NewVars, MatchingCode} =
+        assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, Pattern),
+    %% In the code that follows, if this is NOT the last case, then we
+    %% save the value being switched on, and discard it on
+    %% success. The code is simpler if this IS the last case.
+    [[dup(1) || Cases /= []],   %% save value for next case, if there is one
+     MatchingCode,
+     jumpdest(Succeed),
+     %% Discard saved value, if we saved one
+     [case NewVars of
+          [] ->
+              pop(1);
+          [_] ->
+              %% Special case for peep-hole optimization
+              pop_args(1);
+          _ ->
+              [swap(length(NewVars)), pop(1)]
+      end
+      || Cases/=[]],
+     assemble_expr(Funs,
+                   case Cases of
+                       [] -> NewVars;
+                       _  -> reorder_vars(NewVars)
+                   end
+                   ++Stack, Tail, Body),
+     %% If the Body makes a tail call, then we will not return
+     %% here--but it doesn't matter, because
+     %% (a) the NewVars will be popped before the tailcall
+     %% (b) the code below will be deleted since it is dead
+     pop_args(length(NewVars)),
+     jump(Close),
+     jumpdest(Fail),
+     assemble_cases(Funs, Stack, Tail, Close, Cases)].
+
+%% Entered with value to match on top of the stack.
+%% Generated code removes value, and
+%%   - jumps to Fail if no match, or
+%%   - binds variables, leaves them on the stack, and jumps to Succeed
+%% Result is a list of variables to add to the stack, and the matching
+%% code.
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {integer, N}) ->
+    {[], [push(N),
+         i(?EQ),
+         jump_if(Succeed),
+         jump(Fail)]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, _Fail, {var_ref, "_"}) ->
+    {[], [i(?POP), jump(Succeed)]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {missing_field, _, _}) ->
+    %% Missing record fields are quite ok in patterns.
+    assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {var_ref, "_"});
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, _Fail, {var_ref, Id}) ->
+    {[{Id, "_"}], jump(Succeed)};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, _Fail, {tuple, []}) ->
+    {[], [pop(1), jump(Succeed)]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {tuple, [A]}) ->
+    %% Treat this case specially, because we don't need to save the
+    %% pointer to the tuple.
+    {AVars, ACode} = assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, A),
+    {AVars, [i(?MLOAD),
+            ACode]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {tuple, [A|B]}) ->
+    %% Entered with the address of the tuple on the top of the
+    %% stack. We will duplicate the address before matching on A.
+    Continue = make_ref(),  %% the label for matching B
+    Pop1Fail = make_ref(),  %% pop 1 word and goto Fail
+    PopNFail = make_ref(),  %% pop length(AVars) words and goto Fail
+    {AVars, ACode} =
+        assemble_pattern(Continue, Pop1Fail, A),
+    {BVars, BCode} =
+        assemble_pattern(Succeed, PopNFail, {tuple, B}),
+    {BVars ++ reorder_vars(AVars),
+     [%% duplicate the pointer so we don't lose it when we match on A
+      dup(1),
+      i(?MLOAD),
+      ACode,
+      jumpdest(Continue),
+      %% Bring the pointer to the top of the stack--this reorders AVars!
+      swap(length(AVars)),
+      push(32),
+      i(?ADD),
+      BCode,
+      case AVars of
+          [] ->
+              [jumpdest(Pop1Fail), pop(1),
+               jumpdest(PopNFail),
+               jump(Fail)];
+          _ ->
+              [{'JUMPDEST', PopNFail}, pop(length(AVars)-1),
+               {'JUMPDEST', Pop1Fail}, pop(1),
+               {push_label, Fail}, 'JUMP']
+      end]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {list, []}) ->
+    %% [] is represented by -1.
+    {[], [push(1),
+          i(?ADD),
+          jump_if(Fail),
+          jump(Succeed)]};
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {list, [A|B]}) ->
+    assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {binop, '::', A, {list, B}});
+assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {binop, '::', A, B}) ->
+    %% Make sure it's not [], then match as tuple.
+    NotNil = make_ref(),
+    {Vars, Code} = assemble_pattern(Succeed, Fail, {tuple, [A, B]}),
+    {Vars, [dup(1), push(1), i(?ADD),   %% Check for [] without consuming the value
+            jump_if(NotNil),            %% so it's still there when matching the tuple.
+            pop(1),                     %% It was [] so discard the saved value.
+            jump(Fail),
+            jumpdest(NotNil),
+            Code]}.
+
+%% When Vars are on the stack, with a value we want to discard
+%% below them, then we swap the top variable with that value and pop.
+%% This reorders the variables on the stack, as follows:
+reorder_vars([]) ->
+    [];
+reorder_vars([V|Vs]) ->
+    Vs ++ [V].
+
+assemble_prefix('sha3') -> [i(?DUP1), i(?MLOAD),          %% length, ptr
+                            i(?SWAP1), push(32), i(?ADD), %% ptr+32, length
+                            i(?SHA3)];
+assemble_prefix('-') -> [push(0), i(?SUB)];
+assemble_prefix('bnot') -> i(?NOT).
+
+assemble_infix('+')    -> i(?ADD);
+assemble_infix('-')    -> i(?SUB);
+assemble_infix('*')    -> i(?MUL);
+assemble_infix('/')    -> i(?SDIV);
+assemble_infix('div')  -> i(?DIV);
+assemble_infix('mod')  -> i(?MOD);
+assemble_infix('^')    -> i(?EXP);
+assemble_infix('bor')  -> i(?OR);
+assemble_infix('band') -> i(?AND);
+assemble_infix('bxor') -> i(?XOR);
+assemble_infix('bsl')  -> i(?SHL);
+assemble_infix('bsr')  -> i(?SHR);
+assemble_infix('<')    -> i(?SLT);    %% comparisons are SIGNED
+assemble_infix('>')    -> i(?SGT);
+assemble_infix('==')   -> i(?EQ);
+assemble_infix('<=')   -> [i(?SGT), i(?ISZERO)];
+assemble_infix('=<')   -> [i(?SGT), i(?ISZERO)];
+assemble_infix('>=')   -> [i(?SLT), i(?ISZERO)];
+assemble_infix('!=')   -> [i(?EQ), i(?ISZERO)];
+assemble_infix('!')    -> [i(?ADD), i(?MLOAD)];
+assemble_infix('byte') -> i(?BYTE).
+%% assemble_infix('::') -> [i(?MSIZE), write_word(0), write_word(1)].
+
+%% a function may either refer to a top-level function, in which case
+%% we fetch the code label from Funs, or it may be a lambda-expression
+%% (including a top-level function passed as a parameter). In the
+%% latter case, the function value is a pointer to a tuple of the code
+%% pointer and the free variables: we keep the pointer and push the
+%% code pointer onto the stack. In either case, we are ready to enter
+%% the function with JUMP.
+assemble_function(Funs, Stack, Fun) ->
+    case is_top_level_fun(Stack, Fun) of
+        true ->
+            {var_ref, Name} = Fun,
+            {push_label, lookup_fun(Funs, Name)};
+        false ->
+            [assemble_expr(Funs, Stack, nontail, Fun),
+             dup(1),
+             i(?MLOAD)]
+    end.
+
+free_vars(V={var_ref, _}) ->
+    [V];
+free_vars({switch, E, Cases}) ->
+    lists:umerge(free_vars(E),
+                 lists:umerge([free_vars(Body)--free_vars(Pattern)
+                               || {Pattern, Body} <- Cases]));
+free_vars({lambda, Args, Body}) ->
+    free_vars(Body) -- [{var_ref, Arg#arg.name} || Arg <- Args];
+free_vars(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+    free_vars(tuple_to_list(T));
+free_vars([H|T]) ->
+    lists:umerge(free_vars(H), free_vars(T));
+free_vars(_) ->
+    [].
+
+
+
+%% shuffle_stack reorders the stack, for example before a tailcall. It is called
+%% with a description of the current stack, and how the final stack
+%% should appear. The argument is a list containing
+%%   a NUMBER for each element that should be kept, the number being
+%%     the position this element should occupy in the final stack
+%%   discard, for elements that can be discarded.
+%% The positions start at 1, referring to the variable to be placed at
+%% the bottom of the stack, and ranging up to the size of the final stack.
+shuffle_stack([]) ->
+    [];
+shuffle_stack([discard|Stack]) ->
+    [i(?POP) | shuffle_stack(Stack)];
+shuffle_stack([N|Stack]) ->
+    case length(Stack) + 1 - N of
+        0 ->
+            %% the job should be finished
+            CorrectStack = lists:seq(N - 1, 1, -1),
+            CorrectStack = Stack,
+            [];
+        MoveBy ->
+            {Pref, [_|Suff]} = lists:split(MoveBy - 1, Stack),
+            [swap(MoveBy) | shuffle_stack([lists:nth(MoveBy, Stack) | Pref ++ [N|Suff]])]
+    end.
+
+
+
+lookup_fun(Funs, Name) ->
+    case [Ref || {Name1, _, Ref} <- Funs,
+                 Name == Name1] of
+        [Ref] -> Ref;
+        []    -> gen_error({undefined_function, Name})
+    end.
+
+is_top_level_fun(Stack, {var_ref, Id}) ->
+    not lists:keymember(Id, 1, Stack);
+is_top_level_fun(_, _) ->
+    false.
+
+lookup_var(Id, Stack) ->
+    lookup_var(1, Id, Stack).
+
+lookup_var(N, Id, [{Id, _Type}|_]) ->
+    N;
+lookup_var(N, Id, [_|Stack]) ->
+    lookup_var(N + 1, Id, Stack);
+lookup_var(_, Id, []) ->
+    gen_error({var_not_in_scope, Id}).
+
+%% Smart instruction generation
+
+%% TODO: handle references to the stack beyond depth 16. Perhaps the
+%% best way is to repush variables that will be needed in
+%% subexpressions before evaluating he subexpression... i.e. fix the
+%% problem in assemble_expr, rather than here. A fix here would have
+%% to save the top elements of the stack in memory, duplicate the
+%% targetted element, and then repush the values from memory.
+dup(N) when 1 =< N, N =< 16 ->
+    i(?DUP1 + N - 1).
+
+push(N) ->
+    Bytes = binary:encode_unsigned(N),
+    true = size(Bytes) =< 32,
+    [i(?PUSH1 + size(Bytes) - 1) |
+     binary_to_list(Bytes)].
+
+%% Pop N values from UNDER the top element of the stack.
+%% This is a pseudo-instruction so peephole optimization can
+%% combine pop_args(M), pop_args(N) to pop_args(M+N)
+pop_args(0) ->
+    [];
+pop_args(N) ->
+    {pop_args, N}.
+%%    [swap(N), pop(N)].
+
+pop(N) ->
+    [i(?POP) || _ <- lists:seq(1, N)].
+
+swap(0) ->
+    %% Doesn't exist, but is logically a no-op.
+    [];
+swap(N) when 1 =< N, N =< 16 ->
+    i(?SWAP1 + N - 1).
+
+jumpdest(Label)   -> {i(?JUMPDEST), Label}.
+push_label(Label) -> {push_label, Label}.
+
+jump(Label)    -> [push_label(Label), i(?JUMP)].
+jump_if(Label) -> [push_label(Label), i(?JUMPI)].
+
+%% ICode utilities (TODO: move to separate module)
+
+icode_noname() -> #var_ref{name = "_"}.
+
+icode_seq([A]) -> A;
+icode_seq([A | As]) ->
+    icode_seq(A, icode_seq(As)).
+
+icode_seq(A, B) ->
+    #switch{ expr = A, cases = [{icode_noname(), B}] }.
+
+%% Stack: <N elements> ADDR
+%% Write elements at addresses ADDR, ADDR+32, ADDR+64...
+%% Stack afterwards: ADDR
+% write_words(N) ->
+%      [write_word(I) || I <- lists:seq(N-1, 0, -1)].
+
+%% Unused at the moment. Comment out to please dialyzer.
+%% write_word(I) ->
+%%     [%% Stack: elements e ADDR
+%%        swap(1),
+%%        dup(2),
+%%        %% Stack: elements ADDR e ADDR
+%%        push(32*I),
+%%        i(?ADD),
+%%        %% Stack: elements ADDR e ADDR+32I
+%%        i(?MSTORE)].
+
+%% Resolve references, and convert code from deep list to flat list.
+%% List elements are:
+%%   Opcodes
+%%   Byte values
+%%   {'JUMPDEST', Ref}   -- assembles to ?JUMPDEST and sets Ref
+%%   {push_label, Ref}  -- assembles to ?PUSHN address bytes
+
+%% For now, we assemble all code addresses as three bytes.
+
+resolve_references(Code) ->
+    Peephole = peep_hole(lists:flatten(Code)),
+    %% WARNING: Optimizing jumps reorders the code and deletes
+    %% instructions. When debugging the assemble_ functions, it can be
+    %% useful to replace the next line by:
+    %% Instrs = lists:flatten(Code),
+    %% thus disabling the optimization.
+    OptimizedJumps = optimize_jumps(Peephole),
+    Instrs = lists:reverse(peep_hole_backwards(lists:reverse(OptimizedJumps))),
+    Labels = define_labels(0, Instrs),
+    lists:flatten([use_labels(Labels, I) || I <- Instrs]).
+
+define_labels(Addr, [{'JUMPDEST', Lab}|More]) ->
+    [{Lab, Addr}|define_labels(Addr + 1, More)];
+define_labels(Addr, [{push_label, _}|More]) ->
+    define_labels(Addr + 4, More);
+define_labels(Addr, [{pop_args, N}|More]) ->
+    define_labels(Addr + N + 1, More);
+define_labels(Addr, [_|More]) ->
+    define_labels(Addr + 1, More);
+define_labels(_, []) ->
+    [].
+
+use_labels(_, {'JUMPDEST', _}) ->
+    'JUMPDEST';
+use_labels(Labels, {push_label, Ref}) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(Ref, Labels) of
+        undefined ->
+            gen_error({undefined_label, Ref});
+        Addr when is_integer(Addr) ->
+            [i(?PUSH3),
+             Addr div 65536, (Addr div 256) rem 256, Addr rem 256]
+    end;
+use_labels(_, {pop_args, N}) ->
+    [swap(N), pop(N)];
+use_labels(_, I) ->
+    I.
+
+%% Peep-hole optimization.
+%% The compilation of conditionals can introduce jumps depending on
+%% constants 1 and 0. These are removed by peep-hole optimization.
+
+peep_hole(['PUSH1', 0, {push_label, _}, 'JUMPI'|More]) ->
+    peep_hole(More);
+peep_hole(['PUSH1', 1, {push_label, Lab}, 'JUMPI'|More]) ->
+    [{push_label, Lab}, 'JUMP'|peep_hole(More)];
+peep_hole([{pop_args, M}, {pop_args, N}|More]) when M + N =< 16 ->
+    peep_hole([{pop_args, M + N}|More]);
+peep_hole([I|More]) ->
+    [I|peep_hole(More)];
+peep_hole([]) ->
+    [].
+
+%% Peep-hole optimization on reversed instructions lists.
+
+peep_hole_backwards(Code) ->
+    NewCode = peep_hole_backwards1(Code),
+    if Code == NewCode -> Code;
+       true            -> peep_hole_backwards(NewCode)
+    end.
+
+peep_hole_backwards1(['ADD', 0, 'PUSH1'|Code]) ->
+    peep_hole_backwards1(Code);
+peep_hole_backwards1(['POP', UnOp|Code]) when UnOp=='MLOAD';UnOp=='ISZERO';UnOp=='NOT' ->
+    peep_hole_backwards1(['POP'|Code]);
+peep_hole_backwards1(['POP', BinOp|Code]) when
+    %% TODO: more binary operators
+    BinOp=='ADD';BinOp=='SUB';BinOp=='MUL';BinOp=='SDIV' ->
+    peep_hole_backwards1(['POP', 'POP'|Code]);
+peep_hole_backwards1(['POP', _, 'PUSH1'|Code]) ->
+    peep_hole_backwards1(Code);
+peep_hole_backwards1([I|Code]) ->
+    [I|peep_hole_backwards1(Code)];
+peep_hole_backwards1([]) ->
+    [].
+
+%% Jump optimization:
+%%   Replaces a jump to a jump with a jump to the final destination
+%%   Moves basic blocks to eliminate an unconditional jump to them.
+
+%% The compilation of conditionals generates a lot of labels and
+%% jumps, some of them unnecessary. This optimization phase reorders
+%% code so that as many jumps as possible can be eliminated, and
+%% replaced by just falling through to the destination label. This
+%% both optimizes the code generated by conditionals, and converts one
+%% call of a function into falling through into its code--so it
+%% reorders code quite aggressively. Function returns are indirect
+%% jumps, however, and are never optimized away.
+
+%% IMPORTANT: since execution begins at address zero, then the first
+%% block of code must never be moved elsewhere. The code below has
+%% this property, because it processes blocks from left to right, and
+%% because the first block does not begin with a label, and so can
+%% never be jumped to--hence no code can be inserted before it.
+
+%% The optimization works by taking one block of code at a time, and
+%% then prepending blocks that jump directly to it, and appending
+%% blocks that it jumps directly to, resulting in a jump-free sequence
+%% that is as long as possible. To do so, we store blocks in the form
+%% {OptionalLabel, Body, OptionalJump} which represents the code block
+%% OptionalLabel++Body++OptionalJump; the optional parts are the empty
+%% list of instructions if not present.  Two blocks can be merged if
+%% the first ends in an OptionalJump to the OptionalLabel beginning
+%% the second; the OptionalJump can then be removed (and the
+%% OptionalLabel if there are no other references to it--this happens
+%% during dead code elimination.
+
+%% TODO: the present implementation is QUADRATIC, because we search
+%% repeatedly for matching blocks to merge with the first one, storing
+%% the blocks in a list. A near linear time implementation could use
+%% two ets tables, one keyed on the labels, and the other keyed on the
+%% final jumps.
+
+optimize_jumps(Code) ->
+    JJs = jumps_to_jumps(Code),
+    ShortCircuited = [short_circuit_jumps(JJs, Instr) || Instr <- Code],
+    NoDeadCode = eliminate_dead_code(ShortCircuited),
+    MovedCode = merge_blocks(moveable_blocks(NoDeadCode)),
+    %% Moving code may have made some labels superfluous.
+    eliminate_dead_code(MovedCode).
+
+
+jumps_to_jumps([{'JUMPDEST', Label}, {push_label, Target}, 'JUMP'|More]) ->
+    [{Label, Target}|jumps_to_jumps(More)];
+jumps_to_jumps([{'JUMPDEST', Label}, {'JUMPDEST', Target}|More]) ->
+    [{Label, Target}|jumps_to_jumps([{'JUMPDEST', Target}|More])];
+jumps_to_jumps([_|More]) ->
+    jumps_to_jumps(More);
+jumps_to_jumps([]) ->
+    [].
+
+short_circuit_jumps(JJs, {push_label, Lab}) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(Lab, JJs) of
+        undefined ->
+            {push_label, Lab};
+        Target ->
+            %% I wonder if this will ever loop infinitely?
+            short_circuit_jumps(JJs, {push_label, Target})
+    end;
+short_circuit_jumps(_JJs, Instr) ->
+    Instr.
+
+eliminate_dead_code(Code) ->
+    Jumps = lists:usort([Lab || {push_label, Lab} <- Code]),
+    NewCode = live_code(Jumps, Code),
+    if Code==NewCode ->
+            Code;
+       true ->
+            eliminate_dead_code(NewCode)
+    end.
+
+live_code(Jumps, ['JUMP'|More]) ->
+    ['JUMP'|dead_code(Jumps, More)];
+live_code(Jumps, ['STOP'|More]) ->
+    ['STOP'|dead_code(Jumps, More)];
+live_code(Jumps, [{'JUMPDEST', Lab}|More]) ->
+    case lists:member(Lab, Jumps) of
+        true ->
+            [{'JUMPDEST', Lab}|live_code(Jumps, More)];
+        false ->
+            live_code(Jumps, More)
+    end;
+live_code(Jumps, [I|More]) ->
+    [I|live_code(Jumps, More)];
+live_code(_, []) ->
+    [].
+
+dead_code(Jumps, [{'JUMPDEST', Lab}|More]) ->
+    case lists:member(Lab, Jumps) of
+        true ->
+            [{'JUMPDEST', Lab}|live_code(Jumps, More)];
+        false ->
+            dead_code(Jumps, More)
+    end;
+dead_code(Jumps, [_I|More]) ->
+    dead_code(Jumps, More);
+dead_code(_, []) ->
+    [].
+
+%% Split the code into "moveable blocks" that control flow only
+%% reaches via jumps.
+moveable_blocks([]) ->
+    [];
+moveable_blocks([I]) ->
+    [[I]];
+moveable_blocks([Jump|More]) when Jump=='JUMP'; Jump=='STOP' ->
+    [[Jump]|moveable_blocks(More)];
+moveable_blocks([I|More]) ->
+    [Block|MoreBlocks] = moveable_blocks(More),
+    [[I|Block]|MoreBlocks].
+
+%% Merge blocks to eliminate jumps where possible.
+merge_blocks(Blocks) ->
+    BlocksAndTargets = [label_and_jump(B) || B <- Blocks],
+    [I || {Pref, Body, Suff} <- merge_after(BlocksAndTargets),
+          I <- Pref++Body++Suff].
+
+%% Merge the first block with other blocks that come after it
+merge_after(All=[{Label, Body, [{push_label, Target}, 'JUMP']}|BlocksAndTargets]) ->
+    case [{B, J} || {[{'JUMPDEST', L}], B, J} <- BlocksAndTargets,
+                   L == Target] of
+        [{B, J}|_] ->
+            merge_after([{Label, Body ++ [{'JUMPDEST', Target}] ++ B, J}|
+                         lists:delete({[{'JUMPDEST', Target}], B, J},
+                                      BlocksAndTargets)]);
+        [] ->
+            merge_before(All)
+    end;
+merge_after(All) ->
+    merge_before(All).
+
+%% The first block cannot be merged with any blocks that it jumps
+%% to... but maybe it can be merged with a block that jumps to it!
+merge_before([Block={[{'JUMPDEST', Label}], Body, Jump}|BlocksAndTargets]) ->
+    case [{L, B, T} || {L, B, [{push_label, T}, 'JUMP']} <- BlocksAndTargets,
+                     T == Label] of
+        [{L, B, T}|_] ->
+            merge_before([{L, B ++ [{'JUMPDEST', Label}] ++ Body, Jump}
+                          |lists:delete({L, B, [{push_label, T}, 'JUMP']}, BlocksAndTargets)]);
+        _ ->
+            [Block | merge_after(BlocksAndTargets)]
+    end;
+merge_before([Block|BlocksAndTargets]) ->
+    [Block | merge_after(BlocksAndTargets)];
+merge_before([]) ->
+    [].
+
+%% Convert each block to a PREFIX, which is a label or empty, a
+%% middle, and a SUFFIX which is a JUMP to a label, or empty.
+label_and_jump(B) ->
+    {Label, B1} = case B of
+                     [{'JUMPDEST', L}|More1] ->
+                         {[{'JUMPDEST', L}], More1};
+                     _ ->
+                         {[], B}
+                 end,
+    {Target, B2} = case lists:reverse(B1) of
+                      ['JUMP', {push_label, T}|More2] ->
+                          {[{push_label, T}, 'JUMP'], lists:reverse(More2)};
+                      _ ->
+                          {[], B1}
+                  end,
+    {Label, B2, Target}.

src/aeso_parse_lib.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level:4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2018, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc Parser combinators for the Sophia parser. Based on
+%%%      Koen Claessen. 2004. Parallel Parsing Processes. J. Functional
+%%%      Programming 14, 6 (November 2004)
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_parse_lib).
+
+-export([parse/2,
+         return/1, fail/0, fail/1, map/2, bind/2,
+         lazy/1, choice/1, choice/2, tok/1, layout/0,
+         left/2, right/2, between/3, optional/1,
+         many/1, many1/1, sep/2, sep1/2,
+         infixl/2, infixr/2]).
+
+%% -- Types ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-export_type([parser/1, parser_expr/1, pos/0, token/0, tokens/0]).
+
+-type pos()    :: {string() | no_file, integer(), integer()} | {integer(), integer()}.
+-type token()  :: {atom(), pos(), term()} | {atom(), pos()}.
+-type tokens() :: [token()].
+-type error()  :: {pos(), string() | no_error}.
+
+-define(lazy(F),     {aeso_parse_lazy, F}).
+-define(fail(Err),   {aeso_parse_fail, Err}).
+-define(choice(Ps),  {aeso_parse_choice, Ps}).
+-define(bind(P, F),  {aeso_parse_bind, P, F}).
+-define(right(P, Q), {aeso_parse_right, P, Q}).
+-define(left(P, Q),  {aeso_parse_left, P, Q}).
+-define(map(F, P),   {aeso_parse_map, F, P}).
+-define(layout,       aeso_parse_layout).
+-define(tok(Atom),   {aeso_parse_tok, Atom}).
+-define(return(X),   {aeso_parse_return, X}).
+
+%% Type synonyms since you can't have function types as macro arguments for some reason.
+-type delayed(A)         :: fun(() -> A).
+-type continuation(A, B) :: fun((A) -> parser(B)).
+-type function(A, B)     :: fun((A) -> B).
+
+%% The representation of parsers that the user writes. These get compiled down to a lower-level
+%% representation before parsing (parser1/1).
+-opaque parser_expr(A)
+    :: ?lazy(delayed(parser(A)))
+     | ?fail(term())
+     | ?choice([parser(A)])
+     | ?bind(parser(B), continuation(B, A))
+     | ?map(function(B, A), parser(B))
+     | ?left(parser(A), parser(A))
+     | ?right(parser(A), parser(A)).
+
+%% Lists, tuples and maps of parsers are valid parsers. These are applied in left-to-right order and
+%% a list/tuple/map is built out of the results. For maps only the values (and not the keys) can be
+%% parsers.
+-type parser(A) :: parser_expr(A)
+                 | maybe_improper_list(parser(_), parser(_))
+                 | tuple()          %% A = tuple()
+                 | term().  %% Interpreted as a parser that returns the term without consuming input
+
+%% The low level parser representation. This is what's used when doing the
+%% actual parsing (see parse1/2).
+-type parser1(A) :: {tok_bind, #{atom() => fun((token()) -> parser1(A))}}
+                    %% ^ Consume a token and dispatch on its tag.
+                  | {fail, term()}
+                    %% ^ Fail with the given error
+                  | {return_plus, A, parser1(A)}
+                    %% ^ Choice between returning a value and continue parsing
+                  | {layout, fun((integer()) -> parser1(A)), parser1(A)}.
+                    %% ^ Parse a layout block. If a layout block can be started, it commits to the
+                    %%   first argument. I.e. no backtracking to the second argument if the first
+                    %%   fails.
+
+%% Apply a parser to its continuation. This compiles a parser to its low-level representation.
+-spec apply_p(parser(A), fun((A) -> parser1(B))) -> parser1(B).
+apply_p(?lazy(F), K)           -> apply_p(F(), K);
+apply_p(?fail(Err), _)         -> {fail, Err};
+apply_p(?choice([P | Ps]), K)  -> lists:foldl(fun(Q, R) -> choice1(apply_p(Q, K), R) end,
+                                             apply_p(P, K), Ps);
+apply_p(?bind(P, F), K)        -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> apply_p(F(X), K) end);
+apply_p(?right(P, Q), K)       -> apply_p(P, fun(_) -> apply_p(Q, K) end);
+apply_p(?left(P, Q), K)        -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> apply_p(Q, fun(_) -> K(X) end) end);
+apply_p(?map(F, P), K)         -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> K(F(X)) end);
+apply_p(?layout, K)            -> {layout, K, {fail, {expected, layout_block}}};
+apply_p(?tok(Atom), K)         -> {tok_bind, #{Atom => K}};
+apply_p(?return(X), K)         -> K(X);
+apply_p([P | Q], K)            -> apply_p(P, fun(H) -> apply_p(Q, fun(T) -> K([H | T]) end) end);
+apply_p(T, K) when is_tuple(T) -> apply_p(tuple_to_list(T), fun(Xs) -> K(list_to_tuple(Xs)) end);
+apply_p(M, K) when is_map(M) ->
+    {Keys, Ps} = lists:unzip(maps:to_list(M)),
+    apply_p(Ps, fun(Vals) -> K(maps:from_list(lists:zip(Keys, Vals))) end);
+apply_p(X, K) -> K(X).
+
+%% -- Primitive combinators --------------------------------------------------
+
+%% @doc Create a delayed parser. Required when building recursive parsers to avoid looping.
+-spec lazy(fun(() -> parser(A))) -> parser(A).
+lazy(Delayed) -> ?lazy(Delayed).
+
+%% @doc A parser that always fails.
+-spec fail(term()) -> parser(none()).
+fail(Err) -> ?fail(Err).
+
+%% @doc Fail with no error message.
+-spec fail() -> parser(none()).
+fail() -> fail(no_error).
+
+%% @doc A choice between two parsers. Succeeds if either parser succeeds.
+-spec choice(parser(A), parser(A)) -> parser(A).
+choice(?choice(Ps), ?choice(Qs)) -> ?choice(Ps ++ Qs);
+choice(?choice(Ps), Q)           -> ?choice([Q | Ps]);
+choice(P, ?choice(Qs))           -> ?choice([P | Qs]);
+choice(P, Q)                     -> ?choice([P, Q]).
+
+%% @doc A choice between a list of parsers. Applies 'choice/2' repeatedly.
+-spec choice([parser(A)]) -> parser(A).
+choice([])       -> fail(empty_choice);
+choice([P])      -> P;
+choice([P | Ps]) -> choice(P, choice(Ps)).
+
+%% @doc Parse a single token with the given tag.
+-spec tok(atom()) -> parser(token()).
+tok(Atom) -> ?tok(Atom).
+
+%% @doc Apply two parsers in sequence and return the result from the first one.
+-spec left(parser(A), parser(_)) -> parser(A).
+left(P, Q)  -> ?left(P, Q).
+
+%% @doc Apply two parsers in sequence and return the result from the second one.
+-spec right(parser(_), parser(A)) -> parser(A).
+right(P, Q) -> ?right(P, Q).
+
+%% @doc A parser that always succeeds with the given value.
+-spec return(A) -> parser(A).
+return(X) -> ?return(X).
+
+%% @doc Monadic bind. Lets you inspect the result of the first parser before deciding on what to
+%% parse next.
+-spec bind(parser(A), fun((A) -> parser(B))) -> parser(B).
+bind(?return(X), F) -> F(X);
+bind(P, F) -> ?bind(P, F).
+
+%% @doc Apply a function to the result of a parser.
+-spec map(fun((A) -> B), parser(A)) -> parser(B).
+map(Fun, P) -> ?map(Fun, P).
+
+%% @doc Parse the start of a layout block. A layout block can start if the next token is not on the
+%%      same line as the previous token and it is indented further than the current layout block (if
+%%      any). The result is the column of the new layout block (i.e. the column of the next token).
+-spec layout() -> parser(integer()).
+layout() -> ?layout.
+
+%% @doc Parse a sequence of tokens using a parser. Fails if the parse is ambiguous.
+-spec parse(parser(A), tokens()) -> {ok, A} | {error, term()}.
+parse(P, S) ->
+  case parse1(apply_p(P, fun(X) -> {return_plus, X, {fail, no_error}} end), S) of
+    {[], {Pos, Err}} -> {error, {Pos, parse_error, flatten_error(Err)}};
+    {[A], _}         -> {ok, A};
+    {As, _}          -> {error, {{1, 1}, ambiguous_parse, As}}
+  end.
+
+-spec flatten_error(iolist() | no_error) -> string().
+flatten_error(no_error) -> "Unspecified error";
+flatten_error(Err)      -> lists:flatten(Err).
+
+%% -- Derived combinators ----------------------------------------------------
+
+%% @doc Parse zero or more A's.
+-spec many(parser(A)) -> parser([A]).
+many(P)  -> choice([], many1(P)).
+
+-dialyzer({nowarn_function, many1/1}).  %% Silence improper_list warning.
+%% @doc Parse one or more A's.
+-spec many1(parser(A)) -> parser([A]).
+many1(P) -> [P | lazy(fun() -> many(P) end)].
+
+%% @doc Parse zero or more A's, separated by Sep.
+-spec sep(parser(A), parser(_)) -> parser([A]).
+sep(P, Sep)  -> choice([], sep1(P, Sep)).
+
+-dialyzer({nowarn_function, sep1/2}).   %% Silence improper_list warning.
+%% @doc Parse one or more A's, separated by Sep.
+-spec sep1(parser(A), parser(_)) -> parser([A]).
+sep1(P, Sep) -> [P | many(right(Sep, P))].
+
+%% @doc Parse a left-associative operator. <p>
+%%      <tt>infixl(Elem, Op) ::= Elem | infixl(Elem, Op) Op Elem</tt>
+%% </p>
+-spec infixl(parser(A), parser(fun((A, A) -> A))) -> parser(A).
+infixl(Elem, Op) ->
+    bind(Elem,             fun(A) ->
+    bind(many({Op, Elem}), fun(Ops) ->
+    return(build_infixl(A, Ops)) end) end).
+
+%% @doc Parse a right-associative operator. <p>
+%%      <tt>infixr(Elem, Op) ::= Elem | Elem Op infixl(Elem, Op)</tt>
+%% </p>
+-spec infixr(parser(A), parser(fun((A, A) -> A))) -> parser(A).
+infixr(Elem, Op) ->
+    bind(Elem,             fun(A) ->
+    bind(many({Op, Elem}), fun(Ops) ->
+    return(build_infixr(A, Ops)) end) end).
+
+build_infixl(A, [])              -> A;
+build_infixl(A, [{Op, B} | Ops]) -> build_infixl(Op(A, B), Ops).
+
+build_infixr(A, [])              -> A;
+build_infixr(A, [{Op, B} | Ops]) -> Op(A, build_infixr(B, Ops)).
+
+%% @doc Parse an A between two other things (typically brackets of some kind).
+-spec between(parser(_), parser(A), parser(_)) -> parser(A).
+between(L, P, R) ->
+    right(L, left(P, R)).
+
+-spec optional(parser(A)) -> parser(none | {ok, A}).
+optional(P) -> choice(none, {ok, P}).
+
+%% -- Internal functions -----------------------------------------------------
+
+-spec tag(token()) -> atom().
+tag(T)  when is_tuple(T) -> element(1, T).
+
+-spec pos(token()) -> pos().
+pos(T)  when is_tuple(T) -> element(2, T).
+
+-spec line(token()) -> integer().
+line(T) when is_tuple(T) -> element(1, pos(T)).
+
+-spec col(token()) -> integer().
+col(T)  when is_tuple(T) -> element(2, pos(T)).
+
+%% Choice on low-level parsers.
+-spec choice1(parser1(A), parser1(A)) -> parser1(A).
+
+%% If both parsers want the next token we grab it and merge the continuations.
+choice1({tok_bind, Map1}, {tok_bind, Map2}) ->
+    {tok_bind, merge_with(fun(F, G) -> fun(T) -> choice1(F(T), G(T)) end end, Map1, Map2)};
+
+%% If both parsers fail we combine the error messages. If only one fails we discard it.
+choice1({fail, E1}, {fail, E2})             -> {fail, add_error(E1, E2)};
+choice1({fail, _}, Q)                       -> Q;
+choice1(P, {fail, _})                       -> P;
+
+%% If either side can deliver a value, then so can the choice.
+choice1({return_plus, X, P}, Q)             -> {return_plus, X, choice1(P, Q)};
+choice1(P, {return_plus, X, Q})             -> {return_plus, X, choice1(P, Q)};
+
+%% If both sides want a layout block we combine them. If only one side wants a layout block we
+%% will commit to a layout block is there is one.
+choice1({layout, F, P}, {layout, G, Q})     ->
+    {layout, fun(N) -> choice1(F(N), G(N)) end, choice1(P, Q)};
+choice1({layout, F, P}, Q)                  -> {layout, F, choice1(P, Q)};
+choice1(P, {layout, G, Q})                  -> {layout, G, choice1(P, Q)}.
+
+%% Token stream representation. This is the state of the parse function.
+-record(ts, {layout   :: [integer()], %% Column numbers of the current layout blocks.
+             last     :: token(),     %% The previously consumed token.
+             inserted :: tokens(),    %% Inserted layout tokens, consumed before 'tokens'.
+             tokens   :: tokens()}).  %% The remaining tokens to be parsed.
+
+%% The initial token stream.
+ts(S) ->
+    #ts{ layout = [], last = {bof, {0, 0}}, inserted = [], tokens = S }.
+
+%% The parse function. Parses a token stream returning a list of results and an error message in
+%% case of failure.
+-spec parse1(parser1(A), tokens()) -> {[A], term()}.
+parse1(P, S) ->
+    parse1(P, ts(S), [], no_error).
+
+%% The main work horse. Returns a list of possible parses and an error message in case parsing
+%% fails.
+-spec parse1(parser1(A), #ts{}, [A], term()) -> {[A], error()}.
+parse1({tok_bind, Map}, Ts, Acc, Err) ->
+    case next_token(Ts) of
+        {T, Ts1} ->
+            case maps:get(tag(T), Map, '$not_found') of
+                '$not_found' ->
+                    %% Insert a vclose (if required) on unexpected tokens. This lets you have layout
+                    %% blocks inside parens without having to put the closing paren on a separate
+                    %% line. Example:
+                    %%      ((x) =>
+                    %%            let y = x + 1
+                    %%            y + y)(4)
+                    case maps:get(vclose, Map, '$not_found') of
+                        '$not_found' ->
+                            {Acc, unexpected_token_error(Ts, T)};
+                        F ->
+                            VClose = {vclose, pos(T)},
+                            Ts2    = pop_layout(VClose, Ts#ts{ last = VClose }),
+                            parse1(F(VClose), Ts2, Acc, Err)
+                    end;
+                F -> parse1(F(T), Ts1, Acc, Err)
+            end;
+        false ->
+            {Acc, mk_error(Ts, io_lib:format("Unexpected end of file. Expected one of ~p.",
+                                             [maps:keys(Map)]))}
+    end;
+parse1({layout, F, P}, Ts, Acc, Err) ->
+    case start_layout(Ts) of
+        {Col, Ts1} -> parse1(F(Col), Ts1, Acc, Err);
+        false      -> parse1(P, Ts, Acc, mk_error(Ts, "Expected layout block."))
+    end;
+parse1({return_plus, X, P}, Ts, Acc,  Err) ->
+    case next_token(Ts) of
+        false  -> parse1(P, Ts, [X | Acc], Err);
+        {T, _} -> parse1(P, Ts, Acc, unexpected_token_error(Ts, T))
+    end;
+parse1({fail, Err}, Ts, Acc, Err1) ->
+    Err2 = case next_token(Ts) of
+             {T, _} -> unexpected_token_error(Ts, T);
+             _      -> no_error
+           end,
+    {Acc, add_error(add_error(mk_error(Ts, Err), Err2), Err1)}.
+
+%% Get the current position of the token stream. This is the position of the next token if any, and
+%% the line after the last token if at the end of the stream.
+-spec current_pos(#ts{}) -> pos().
+current_pos(#ts{ inserted = [T | _] }) -> pos(T);
+current_pos(#ts{ tokens   = [T | _] }) -> pos(T);
+current_pos(#ts{ last     = T })       -> end_pos(pos(T)).
+
+-spec mk_error(#ts{}, term()) -> error().
+mk_error(Ts, Err) ->
+    {current_pos(Ts), Err}.
+
+-spec unexpected_token_error(#ts{}, token()) -> error().
+unexpected_token_error(Ts, T) ->
+    mk_error(Ts, io_lib:format("Unexpected token ~p", [tag(T)])).
+
+%% Get the next token from a token stream. Inserts layout tokens if necessary.
+-spec next_token(#ts{}) -> false | {token(), #ts{}}.
+next_token(Ts) ->
+    case insert_layout_tokens(Ts) of
+        Ts1 = #ts{ inserted = [L | Ls] }  -> {L, pop_layout(L, Ts1#ts{ last = L, inserted = Ls })};
+        Ts1 = #ts{ tokens   = [T | S]  }  -> {T, Ts1#ts{ last = T, tokens = S }};
+        #ts{ inserted = [], tokens = [] } -> false
+    end.
+
+%% Pop a layout block on an inserted 'vclose' token.
+-spec pop_layout(token(), #ts{}) -> #ts{}.
+pop_layout({vclose, _}, Ts = #ts{ layout = [_ | Layout] }) -> Ts#ts{ layout = Layout };
+pop_layout(_, Ts) -> Ts.
+
+%% Attempt to start a new layout block. Requires the next token to be on a new line and indented
+%% more than any existing layout block. Sets the previous token to 'vopen'.
+-spec start_layout(#ts{}) -> false | {integer(), #ts{}}.
+start_layout(#ts{ inserted = [_ | _] }) -> false;    %% Can't start a layout block before consuming all layout tokens
+start_layout(#ts{ tokens = [] })        -> false;    %% No more tokens
+start_layout(Ts = #ts{ layout = Layout, last = Last, tokens = [T | _] }) ->
+    Col = col(T),
+    Valid = case Layout of
+                []       -> line(Last) < line(T);
+                [C1 | _] -> line(Last) < line(T) andalso C1 < Col
+            end,
+    Valid andalso {Col, Ts#ts{ layout = [Col | Layout], last = {vopen, pos(T)} }}.
+
+%% Insert layout tokens. If the next token is on the same line as the current layout block we insert
+%% a 'vsemi' token. If the next token is indented less, we insert a 'vclose' token.
+-spec insert_layout_tokens(#ts{}) -> #ts{}.
+insert_layout_tokens(Ts = #ts{ inserted = [_ | _] }) ->
+    Ts; %% already inserted layout tokens
+insert_layout_tokens(Ts = #ts{ layout = Layout, last = Last, tokens = S }) ->
+    ToInsert = insert_layout_tokens(Layout, Last, S, []),
+    Ts#ts{ inserted = ToInsert }.
+
+%% Compute the layout tokens to be inserted.
+-spec insert_layout_tokens([integer()], token(), tokens(), tokens()) -> tokens().
+insert_layout_tokens([_ | Layout], Last, [], Acc) ->
+    %% End of the file. Insert vclose tokens for all layout blocks.
+    Vclose = {vclose, end_pos(pos(Last))},
+    insert_layout_tokens(Layout, Last, [], [Vclose | Acc]);
+insert_layout_tokens([N | Layout1], Last, S = [T | _], Acc) ->
+    Col         = col(T),
+    %% Don't insert a vsemi if the previous token was a vopen or a vsemi. The former to avoid a
+    %% vsemi for the first token of the block and the latter to avoid inserting infinite vsemis.
+    AlreadySemi = lists:member(tag(Last), [vsemi, vopen]) andalso col(Last) == N,
+    if Col == N, not AlreadySemi ->
+        lists:reverse([{vsemi, pos(T)} | Acc]);
+       Col < N ->
+        Vclose = {vclose, pos(T)},
+        insert_layout_tokens(Layout1, Vclose, S, [Vclose | Acc]);
+       true ->
+        lists:reverse(Acc)
+    end;
+insert_layout_tokens([], _Last, _S, Acc) ->
+    lists:reverse(Acc).
+
+%% The end-of-file position. Beginning of the line after the last token.
+end_pos({L, _}) -> {L + 1, 1}.
+
+%% Combine two error messages. Discard no_error's otherwise pick the first error.
+add_error(no_error, Err)      -> Err;
+add_error({_, no_error}, Err) -> Err;
+add_error(Err, no_error)      -> Err;
+add_error(Err, {_, no_error}) -> Err;
+add_error(Err, _Err1)         -> Err.
+
+%% For some unfathomable reason the maps module does not have a merge_with function.
+-spec merge_with(fun((term(), term()) -> term()), map(), map()) -> map().
+merge_with(Fun, Map1, Map2) ->
+    case maps:size(Map1) > maps:size(Map2) of
+        true ->
+            lists:foldl(fun({K, R}, M) ->
+                            maps:update_with(K, fun(L) -> Fun(L, R) end, R, M)
+                        end, Map1, maps:to_list(Map2));
+        false ->
+            lists:foldl(fun({K, L}, M) ->
+                            maps:update_with(K, fun(R) -> Fun(L, R) end, L, M)
+                        end, Map2, maps:to_list(Map1))
+    end.
+

src/aeso_parse_lib.hrl

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+
+-define(LET_P(X, P, Q), aeso_parse_lib:bind(P, fun(X) -> Q end)).
+-define(LAZY_P(P),      aeso_parse_lib:lazy(fun() -> P end)).
+-define(MEMO_P(P),      aeso_parse_lib:lazy(aeso_parse_lib:memoised(fun() -> P end))).
+
+-define(GUARD_P(G, P),
+    case G of
+        true  -> P;
+        false -> fail()
+    end).
+
+-define(RULE(A,                Do), map(fun(_1) ->                       Do end, A                 )).
+-define(RULE(A, B,             Do), map(fun({_1, _2}) ->                 Do end, {A, B}            )).
+-define(RULE(A, B, C,          Do), map(fun({_1, _2, _3}) ->             Do end, {A, B, C}         )).
+-define(RULE(A, B, C, D,       Do), map(fun({_1, _2, _3, _4}) ->         Do end, {A, B, C, D}      )).
+-define(RULE(A, B, C, D, E,    Do), map(fun({_1, _2, _3, _4, _5}) ->     Do end, {A, B, C, D, E}   )).
+-define(RULE(A, B, C, D, E, F, Do), map(fun({_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6}) -> Do end, {A, B, C, D, E, F})).
+
+-import(aeso_parse_lib,
+        [tok/1, tok/2, between/3, many/1, many1/1, sep/2, sep1/2,
+         infixl/1, infixr/1, choice/1, choice/2, return/1, layout/0,
+         fail/0, fail/1, map/2, infixl/2, infixr/2, infixl1/2, infixr1/2,
+         left/2, right/2, optional/1]).
+
+

src/aeso_parser.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,624 @@
+%%% File        : aeso_parser.erl
+%%% Author      : Ulf Norell
+%%% Description :
+%%% Created     : 1 Mar 2018 by Ulf Norell
+-module(aeso_parser).
+
+-export([string/1,
+         string/2,
+         string/3,
+         hash_include/2,
+         type/1]).
+
+-include("aeso_parse_lib.hrl").
+
+-type parse_result() :: {ok, aeso_syntax:ast()}
+                      | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom(), term()}}
+                      | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom()}}.
+
+-type include_hash() :: {string(), binary()}.
+
+-spec string(string()) -> parse_result().
+string(String) ->
+    string(String, sets:new(), []).
+
+-spec string(string(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
+string(String, Opts) ->
+    case lists:keyfind(src_file, 1, Opts) of
+        {src_file, File} -> string(String, sets:add_element(File, sets:new()), Opts);
+        false -> string(String, sets:new(), Opts)
+    end.
+
+-spec string(string(), sets:set(include_hash()), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
+string(String, Included, Opts) ->
+    case parse_and_scan(file(), String, Opts) of
+        {ok, AST} ->
+            expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts);
+        Err = {error, _} ->
+            Err
+    end.
+
+type(String) ->
+    parse_and_scan(type(), String, []).
+
+parse_and_scan(P, S, Opts) ->
+    set_current_file(proplists:get_value(src_file, Opts, no_file)),
+    case aeso_scan:scan(S) of
+        {ok, Tokens} -> aeso_parse_lib:parse(P, Tokens);
+        Error        -> Error
+    end.
+
+%% -- Parsing rules ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+file() -> choice([], block(decl())).
+
+decl() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(
+    choice(
+      %% Contract declaration
+    [ ?RULE(keyword(contract),  con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {contract, _1, _2, _4})
+    , ?RULE(token(payable),     keyword(contract), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), add_modifiers([_1], {contract, _2, _3, _5}))
+    , ?RULE(keyword(namespace), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {namespace, _1, _2, _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(include),   str(), {include, get_ann(_1), _2})
+
+      %% Type declarations  TODO: format annotation for "type bla" vs "type bla()"
+    , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(),                                          {type_decl, _1, _2, []})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(), type_vars(),                             {type_decl, _1, _2, _3})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(),              tok('='), typedef(type),    {type_def, _1, _2, [], _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(), type_vars(), tok('='), typedef(type),    {type_def, _1, _2, _3, _5})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(record),   id(),              tok('='), typedef(record),  {type_def, _1, _2, [], _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(record),   id(), type_vars(), tok('='), typedef(record),  {type_def, _1, _2, _3, _5})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(datatype), id(),              tok('='), typedef(variant), {type_def, _1, _2, [], _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(datatype), id(), type_vars(), tok('='), typedef(variant), {type_def, _1, _2, _3, _5})
+
+      %% Function declarations
+    , ?RULE(modifiers(), fun_or_entry(), id(), tok(':'), type(), add_modifiers(_1, _2, {fun_decl, get_ann(_2), _3, _5}))
+    , ?RULE(modifiers(), fun_or_entry(), fundef(),               add_modifiers(_1, _2, set_pos(get_pos(get_ann(_2)), _3)))
+    , ?RULE(keyword('let'),    valdef(),                         set_pos(get_pos(_1), _2))
+    ])).
+
+fun_or_entry() ->
+    choice([?RULE(keyword(function), {function, _1}),
+            ?RULE(keyword(entrypoint), {entrypoint, _1})]).
+
+modifiers() ->
+    many(choice([token(stateful), token(payable), token(private), token(public)])).
+
+add_modifiers(Mods, Entry = {entrypoint, _}, Node) ->
+    add_modifiers(Mods ++ [Entry], Node);
+add_modifiers(Mods, {function, _}, Node) ->
+    add_modifiers(Mods, Node).
+
+add_modifiers([], Node) -> Node;
+add_modifiers(Mods = [Tok | _], Node) ->
+    %% Set the position to the position of the first modifier. This is
+    %% important for code transformation tools (like what we do in
+    %% create_calldata) to be able to get the indentation of the declaration.
+    set_pos(get_pos(Tok),
+        lists:foldl(fun({Mod, _}, X) -> set_ann(Mod, true, X) end,
+                    Node, Mods)).
+
+%% -- Type declarations ------------------------------------------------------
+
+typedef(type)    -> ?RULE(type(),                   {alias_t, _1});
+typedef(record)  -> ?RULE(brace_list(field_type()), {record_t, _1});
+typedef(variant) -> ?RULE(constructors(),           {variant_t, _1}).
+
+constructors() ->
+    sep1(constructor(), tok('|')).
+
+constructor() ->    %% TODO: format for Con() vs Con
+    choice(?RULE(con(),             {constr_t, get_ann(_1), _1, []}),
+           ?RULE(con(), con_args(), {constr_t, get_ann(_1), _1, _2})).
+
+con_args()   -> paren_list(con_arg()).
+type_args()  -> paren_list(type()).
+field_type() -> ?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), {field_t, get_ann(_1), _1, _3}).
+
+con_arg()    -> choice(type(), ?RULE(keyword(indexed), type(), set_ann(indexed, true, _2))).
+
+%% -- Let declarations -------------------------------------------------------
+
+letdecl() ->
+    ?RULE(keyword('let'), letdef(), set_pos(get_pos(_1), _2)).
+
+letdef() -> choice(valdef(), fundef()).
+
+valdef() ->
+    choice(
+        ?RULE(id(),                   tok('='), body(), {letval, [], _1, type_wildcard(), _3}),
+        ?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), tok('='), body(), {letval, [], _1, _3, _5})).
+
+fundef() ->
+    choice(
+    [ ?RULE(id(), args(),                   tok('='), body(), {letfun, [], _1, _2, type_wildcard(), _4})
+    , ?RULE(id(), args(), tok(':'), type(), tok('='), body(), {letfun, [], _1, _2, _4, _6})
+    ]).
+
+args() -> paren_list(arg()).
+
+arg() -> choice(
+    ?RULE(id(),                   {arg, get_ann(_1), _1, type_wildcard()}),
+    ?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), {arg, get_ann(_1), _1, _3})).
+
+%% -- Types ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type_vars() -> paren_list(tvar()).
+
+type() -> ?LAZY_P(type100()).
+
+type100() -> type200().
+
+type200() ->
+    ?RULE(many({type300(), keyword('=>')}), type300(), fun_t(_1, _2)).
+
+type300() ->
+    ?RULE(sep1(type400(), tok('*')), tuple_t(get_ann(lists:nth(1, _1)), _1)).
+
+type400() ->
+    choice(
+    [?RULE(typeAtom(), optional(type_args()),
+          case _2 of
+            none       -> _1;
+            {ok, Args} -> {app_t, get_ann(_1), _1, Args}
+          end),
+     ?RULE(id("bytes"), parens(token(int)),
+           {bytes_t, get_ann(_1), element(3, _2)})
+    ]).
+
+typeAtom() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+    [ parens(type())
+    , args_t()
+    , id(), token(con), token(qcon), token(qid), tvar()
+    ])).
+
+args_t() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+    [ ?RULE(tok('('), tok(')'), {args_t, get_ann(_1), []})
+      %% Singleton case handled separately
+    , ?RULE(tok('('), type(), tok(','), sep1(type(), tok(',')), tok(')'), {args_t, get_ann(_1), [_2|_4]})
+    ])).
+
+%% -- Statements -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+body() ->
+    ?LET_P(Stmts, maybe_block(stmt()), block_e(Stmts)).
+
+stmt() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+    [ expr()
+    , letdecl()
+    , {switch, keyword(switch), parens(expr()), maybe_block(branch())}
+    , {'if', keyword('if'), parens(expr()), body()}
+    , {elif, keyword(elif), parens(expr()), body()}
+    , {else, keyword(else), body()}
+    ])).
+
+branch() ->
+    ?RULE(pattern(), keyword('=>'), body(), {'case', _2, _1, _3}).
+
+pattern() ->
+    ?LET_P(E, expr500(), parse_pattern(E)).
+
+%% -- Expressions ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+expr() -> expr100().
+
+expr100() ->
+    Expr100 = ?LAZY_P(expr100()),
+    Expr200 = ?LAZY_P(expr200()),
+    choice(
+    [ ?RULE(args(), keyword('=>'), body(), {lam, _2, _1, _3})   %% TODO: better location
+    , {'if', keyword('if'), parens(Expr100), Expr200, right(tok(else), Expr100)}
+    , ?RULE(Expr200, optional(right(tok(':'), type())),
+            case _2 of
+                none       -> _1;
+                {ok, Type} -> {typed, get_ann(_1), _1, Type}
+            end)
+    ]).
+
+expr200() -> infixr(expr300(), binop('||')).
+expr300() -> infixr(expr400(), binop('&&')).
+expr400() -> infix(expr500(),  binop(['<', '>', '=<', '>=', '==', '!='])).
+expr500() -> infixr(expr600(), binop(['::', '++'])).
+expr600() -> infixl(expr650(), binop(['+', '-'])).
+expr650() -> ?RULE(many(token('-')), expr700(), prefixes(_1, _2)).
+expr700() -> infixl(expr750(), binop(['*', '/', mod])).
+expr750() -> infixl(expr800(), binop(['^'])).
+expr800() -> ?RULE(many(token('!')), expr900(), prefixes(_1, _2)).
+expr900() -> ?RULE(exprAtom(), many(elim()), elim(_1, _2)).
+
+exprAtom() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(begin
+        Expr = ?LAZY_P(expr()),
+        choice(
+        [ id_or_addr(), con(), token(qid), token(qcon)
+        , token(bytes), token(string), token(char)
+        , token(int)
+        , ?RULE(token(hex), set_ann(format, hex, setelement(1, _1, int)))
+        , {bool, keyword(true), true}
+        , {bool, keyword(false), false}
+        , ?LET_P(Fs, brace_list(?LAZY_P(field_assignment())), record(Fs))
+        , {list, [], bracket_list(Expr)}
+        , ?RULE(keyword('['), Expr, token('|'), comma_sep(comprehension_exp()), tok(']'), list_comp_e(_1, _2, _4))
+        , ?RULE(tok('['), Expr, binop('..'), Expr, tok(']'), _3(_2, _4))
+        , ?RULE(keyword('('), comma_sep(Expr), tok(')'), tuple_e(_1, _2))
+        ])
+    end).
+
+comprehension_exp() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+      [ comprehension_bind()
+      , letdecl()
+      , comprehension_if()
+      ])).
+
+comprehension_if() ->
+    ?RULE(keyword('if'), parens(expr()), {comprehension_if, _1, _2}).
+
+comprehension_bind() ->
+    ?RULE(id(), tok('<-'), expr(), {comprehension_bind, _1, _3}).
+
+arg_expr() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(
+        choice([ ?RULE(id(), tok('='), expr(), {named_arg, [], _1, _3})
+               , expr() ])).
+
+elim() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(
+    choice(
+    [ {proj, keyword('.'), id()}
+    , ?RULE(paren_list(arg_expr()), {app, [], _1})
+    , ?RULE(keyword('{'), comma_sep(field_assignment()), tok('}'), {rec_upd, _1, _2})
+    , ?RULE(keyword('['), map_key(), keyword(']'), map_get(_1, _2))
+    ])).
+
+map_get(Ann, {map_key, Key})      -> {map_get, Ann, Key};
+map_get(Ann, {map_key, Key, Val}) -> {map_get, Ann, Key, Val}.
+
+map_key() ->
+    ?RULE(expr(), optional({tok('='), expr()}), map_key(_1, _2)).
+
+map_key(Key, none)           -> {map_key, Key};
+map_key(Key, {ok, {_, Val}}) -> {map_key, Key, Val}.
+
+elim(E, [])                              -> E;
+elim(E, [{proj, Ann, P} | Es])           -> elim({proj, Ann, E, P}, Es);
+elim(E, [{app, Ann, Args} | Es])         -> elim({app, Ann, E, Args}, Es);
+elim(E, [{rec_upd, Ann, Flds} | Es])     -> elim(record_update(Ann, E, Flds), Es);
+elim(E, [{map_get, Ann, Key} | Es])      -> elim({map_get, Ann, E, Key}, Es);
+elim(E, [{map_get, Ann, Key, Val} | Es]) -> elim({map_get, Ann, E, Key, Val}, Es).
+
+record_update(Ann, E, Flds) ->
+    {record_or_map(Flds), Ann, E, Flds}.
+
+record([]) -> {map, [], []};
+record(Fs) ->
+    case record_or_map(Fs) of
+        record ->
+            Fld = fun({field, _, [_], _} = F) -> F;
+                     ({field, Ann, LV, Id, _}) ->
+                         bad_expr_err("Cannot use '@' in record construction", infix({lvalue, Ann, LV}, {'@', Ann}, Id));
+                     ({field, Ann, LV, _}) ->
+                         bad_expr_err("Cannot use nested fields or keys in record construction", {lvalue, Ann, LV}) end,
+            {record, get_ann(hd(Fs)), lists:map(Fld, Fs)};
+        map    ->
+            Ann = get_ann(hd(Fs ++ [{empty, []}])), %% TODO: source location for empty maps
+            KV = fun({field, _, [{map_get, _, Key}], Val}) -> {Key, Val};
+                    ({field, FAnn, LV, Id, _}) ->
+                        bad_expr_err("Cannot use '@' in map construction", infix({lvalue, FAnn, LV}, {'@', Ann}, Id));
+                    ({field, FAnn, LV, _}) ->
+                        bad_expr_err("Cannot use nested fields or keys in map construction", {lvalue, FAnn, LV}) end,
+            {map, Ann, lists:map(KV, Fs)}
+    end.
+
+record_or_map(Fields) ->
+    Kind = fun(Fld) -> case element(3, Fld) of
+                [{proj, _, _}       | _] -> proj;
+                [{map_get, _, _}    | _] -> map_get;
+                [{map_get, _, _, _} | _] -> map_get
+           end end,
+    case lists:usort(lists:map(Kind, Fields)) of
+        [proj]    -> record;
+        [map_get] -> map;
+        _         ->
+            [{field, Ann, _, _} | _] = Fields,
+            bad_expr_err("Mixed record fields and map keys in", {record, Ann, Fields})
+    end.
+
+field_assignment() ->
+    ?RULE(lvalue(), optional({tok('@'), id()}), tok('='), expr(), field_assignment(get_ann(_3), _1, _2, _4)).
+
+field_assignment(Ann, LV, none, E) ->
+    {field, Ann, LV, E};
+field_assignment(Ann, LV, {ok, {_, Id}}, E) ->
+    {field, Ann, LV, Id, E}.
+
+lvalue() ->
+    ?RULE(lvalueAtom(), many(elim()), lvalue(elim(_1, _2))).
+
+lvalueAtom() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice([ id()
+                   , ?RULE(keyword('['), map_key(), keyword(']'), _2)
+                   ])).
+
+lvalue(E) -> lvalue(E, []).
+
+lvalue(X = {id, Ann, _}, LV)     -> [{proj, Ann, X} | LV];
+lvalue({map_key, K}, LV)         -> [{map_get, get_ann(K), K} | LV];
+lvalue({map_key, K, V}, LV)      -> [{map_get, get_ann(K), K, V} | LV];
+lvalue({proj, Ann, E, P}, LV)    -> lvalue(E, [{proj, Ann, P} | LV]);
+lvalue({map_get, Ann, E, K}, LV) -> lvalue(E, [{map_get, Ann, K} | LV]);
+lvalue({map_get, Ann, E, K, V}, LV) -> lvalue(E, [{map_get, Ann, K, V} | LV]);
+lvalue(E, _)                     -> bad_expr_err("Not a valid lvalue", E).
+
+infix(E, Op) ->
+    ?RULE(E, optional({Op, E}),
+    case _2 of
+        none -> _1;
+        {ok, {F, Arg}} -> F(_1, Arg)
+    end).
+
+binop(Op) when is_atom(Op) -> binop([Op]);
+binop(Ops) ->
+    ?RULE(choice([ token(Op) || Op <- Ops ]), fun(A, B) -> infix(A, _1, B) end).
+
+con()      -> token(con).
+id()       -> token(id).
+tvar()     -> token(tvar).
+str()      -> token(string).
+
+token(Tag) ->
+    ?RULE(tok(Tag),
+    case _1 of
+        {Tok, {Line, Col}}      -> {Tok, pos_ann(Line, Col)};
+        {Tok, {Line, Col}, Val} -> {Tok, pos_ann(Line, Col), Val}
+    end).
+
+id(Id) ->
+    ?LET_P({id, A, X} = Y, id(),
+           if X == Id -> Y;
+              true    -> fail({A, "expected 'bytes'"})
+           end).
+
+id_or_addr() ->
+    ?RULE(id(), parse_addr_literal(_1)).
+
+parse_addr_literal(Id = {id, Ann, Name}) ->
+    case lists:member(lists:sublist(Name, 3), ["ak_", "ok_", "oq_", "ct_"]) of
+        false -> Id;
+        true  ->
+            try aeser_api_encoder:decode(list_to_binary(Name)) of
+                {Type, Bin} -> {Type, Ann, Bin}
+            catch _:_ ->
+                Id
+            end
+    end.
+
+%% -- Helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+keyword(K) -> ann(tok(K)).
+ann(P)     -> map(fun get_ann/1, P).
+
+block(P) ->
+    between(layout(), sep1(P, tok(vsemi)), tok(vclose)).
+
+maybe_block(P) ->
+    choice(block(P), [P]).
+
+parens(P)   -> between(tok('('), P, tok(')')).
+braces(P)   -> between(tok('{'), P, tok('}')).
+brackets(P) -> between(tok('['), P, tok(']')).
+comma_sep(P) -> sep(P, tok(',')).
+
+paren_list(P)   -> parens(comma_sep(P)).
+brace_list(P)   -> braces(comma_sep(P)).
+bracket_list(P) -> brackets(comma_sep(P)).
+
+%% -- Annotations ------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-type ann()      :: aeso_syntax:ann().
+-type ann_line() :: aeso_syntax:ann_line().
+-type ann_col()  :: aeso_syntax:ann_col().
+
+-spec pos_ann(ann_line(), ann_col()) -> ann().
+pos_ann(Line, Col) -> [{file, current_file()}, {line, Line}, {col, Col}].
+
+current_file() ->
+    get('$current_file').
+
+set_current_file(File) ->
+    put('$current_file', File).
+
+ann_pos(Ann) ->
+    {proplists:get_value(file, Ann),
+     proplists:get_value(line, Ann),
+     proplists:get_value(col, Ann)}.
+
+get_ann(Ann) when is_list(Ann) -> Ann;
+get_ann(Node) ->
+    case element(2, Node) of
+        {Line, Col} when is_integer(Line), is_integer(Col) -> pos_ann(Line, Col);
+        Ann -> Ann
+    end.
+
+get_ann(Key, Node) ->
+    proplists:get_value(Key, get_ann(Node)).
+
+set_ann(Key, Val, Node) ->
+    Ann = get_ann(Node),
+    setelement(2, Node, lists:keystore(Key, 1, Ann, {Key, Val})).
+
+get_pos(Node) ->
+    {current_file(), get_ann(line, Node), get_ann(col, Node)}.
+
+set_pos({F, L, C}, Node) ->
+    set_ann(file, F, set_ann(line, L, set_ann(col, C, Node))).
+
+infix(L, Op, R) -> set_ann(format, infix,  {app, get_ann(L), Op, [L, R]}).
+
+prefixes(Ops, E) -> lists:foldr(fun prefix/2, E, Ops).
+prefix(Op, E)    -> set_ann(format, prefix, {app, get_ann(Op), Op, [E]}).
+
+type_wildcard() ->
+    {id, [{origin, system}], "_"}.
+
+block_e(Stmts) ->
+    group_ifs(Stmts, []).
+
+group_ifs([], [Stmt]) -> return(Stmt);
+group_ifs([], Acc) ->
+    Stmts = [Stmt | _] = lists:reverse(Acc),
+    {block, get_ann(Stmt), Stmts};
+group_ifs([{'if', Ann, Cond, Then} | Stmts], Acc) ->
+    {Elses, Rest} = else_branches(Stmts, []),
+    group_ifs(Rest, [build_if(Ann, Cond, Then, Elses) | Acc]);
+group_ifs([{else, Ann, _} | _], _) ->
+    fail({Ann, "No matching 'if' for 'else'"});
+group_ifs([{elif, Ann, _, _} | _], _) ->
+    fail({Ann, "No matching 'if' for 'elif'"});
+group_ifs([Stmt | Stmts], Acc) ->
+    group_ifs(Stmts, [Stmt | Acc]).
+
+build_if(Ann, Cond, Then, [{elif, Ann1, Cond1, Then1} | Elses]) ->
+    {'if', Ann, Cond, Then,
+        set_ann(format, elif, build_if(Ann1, Cond1, Then1, Elses))};
+build_if(Ann, Cond, Then, [{else, _Ann, Else}]) ->
+    {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, Else};
+build_if(Ann, Cond, Then, []) ->
+    {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, {tuple, [{origin, system}], []}}.
+
+else_branches([Elif = {elif, _, _, _} | Stmts], Acc) ->
+    else_branches(Stmts, [Elif | Acc]);
+else_branches([Else = {else, _, _} | Stmts], Acc) ->
+    {lists:reverse([Else | Acc]), Stmts};
+else_branches(Stmts, Acc) ->
+    {lists:reverse(Acc), Stmts}.
+
+tuple_t(_Ann, [Type]) -> Type;  %% Not a tuple
+tuple_t(Ann, Types)   -> {tuple_t, Ann, Types}.
+
+fun_t(Domains, Type) ->
+    lists:foldr(fun({{args_t, _, Dom}, Ann}, T) -> {fun_t, Ann, [], Dom, T};
+                    ({Dom, Ann}, T)             -> {fun_t, Ann, [], [Dom], T} end,
+                Type, Domains).
+
+tuple_e(_Ann, [Expr]) -> Expr;  %% Not a tuple
+tuple_e(Ann, Exprs)   -> {tuple, Ann, Exprs}.
+
+list_comp_e(Ann, Expr, Binds) -> {list_comp, Ann, Expr, Binds}.
+
+-spec parse_pattern(aeso_syntax:expr()) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(aeso_syntax:pat()).
+parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {'::', _}, Es}) ->
+    {app, Ann, Con, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
+parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {con, _, _}, Es}) ->
+    {app, Ann, Con, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
+parse_pattern({tuple, Ann, Es}) ->
+    {tuple, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
+parse_pattern({list, Ann, Es}) ->
+    {list, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
+parse_pattern({record, Ann, Fs}) ->
+    {record, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_field_pattern/1, Fs)};
+parse_pattern(E = {con, _, _})    -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {id, _, _})     -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {int, _, _})    -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {bool, _, _})   -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {bytes, _, _})  -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {string, _, _}) -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {char, _, _})   -> E;
+parse_pattern(E) -> bad_expr_err("Not a valid pattern", E).
+
+-spec parse_field_pattern(aeso_syntax:field(aeso_syntax:expr())) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(aeso_syntax:field(aeso_syntax:pat())).
+parse_field_pattern({field, Ann, F, E}) ->
+    {field, Ann, F, parse_pattern(E)}.
+
+return_error({no_file, L, C}, Err) ->
+    fail(io_lib:format("~p:~p:\n~s", [L, C, Err]));
+return_error({F, L, C}, Err) ->
+    fail(io_lib:format("In ~s at ~p:~p:\n~s", [F, L, C, Err])).
+
+-spec ret_doc_err(ann(), prettypr:document()) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(none()).
+ret_doc_err(Ann, Doc) ->
+    return_error(ann_pos(Ann), prettypr:format(Doc)).
+
+-spec bad_expr_err(string(), aeso_syntax:expr()) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(none()).
+bad_expr_err(Reason, E) ->
+  ret_doc_err(get_ann(E),
+              prettypr:sep([prettypr:text(Reason ++ ":"),
+                            prettypr:nest(2, aeso_pretty:expr(E))])).
+
+%% -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------
+
+expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts) ->
+    Ann  = [{origin, system}],
+    AST1 = [ {include, Ann, {string, Ann, File}}
+             || File <- lists:usort(auto_imports(AST)) ] ++ AST,
+    expand_includes(AST1, Included, [], Opts).
+
+expand_includes([], _Included, Acc, _Opts) ->
+    {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
+expand_includes([{include, Ann, {string, _SAnn, File}} | AST], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
+    case get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) of
+        {ok, Code} ->
+            Hashed = hash_include(File, Code),
+            case sets:is_element(Hashed, Included) of
+                false ->
+                    Opts1 = lists:keystore(src_file, 1, Opts, {src_file, File}),
+                    Included1 = sets:add_element(Hashed, Included),
+                    case parse_and_scan(file(), Code, Opts1) of
+                        {ok, AST1} ->
+                            expand_includes(AST1 ++ AST, Included1, Acc, Opts);
+                        Err = {error, _} ->
+                            Err
+                    end;
+                true ->
+                    expand_includes(AST, Included, Acc, Opts)
+            end;
+        Err = {error, _} ->
+            Err
+    end;
+expand_includes([E | AST], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
+    expand_includes(AST, Included, [E | Acc], Opts).
+
+read_file(File, Opts) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(include, Opts, {explicit_files, #{}}) of
+        {file_system, Paths} ->
+            CandidateNames = [ filename:join(Dir, File) || Dir <- Paths ],
+            lists:foldr(fun(F, {error, _}) -> file:read_file(F);
+                           (_F, OK) -> OK end, {error, not_found}, CandidateNames);
+        {explicit_files, Files} ->
+            case maps:get(binary_to_list(File), Files, not_found) of
+                not_found -> {error, not_found};
+                Src       -> {ok, Src}
+            end
+    end.
+
+stdlib_options() ->
+    [{include, {file_system, [aeso_stdlib:stdlib_include_path()]}}].
+
+get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) ->
+    case {read_file(File, Opts), read_file(File, stdlib_options())} of
+        {{ok, _}, {ok,_ }} ->
+            return_error(ann_pos(Ann), "Illegal redefinition of standard library " ++ File);
+        {_, {ok, Bin}} ->
+            {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)};
+        {{ok, Bin}, _} ->
+            {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)};
+        {_, _} ->
+            {error, {ann_pos(Ann), include_error, File}}
+    end.
+
+-spec hash_include(string() | binary(), string()) -> include_hash().
+hash_include(File, Code) when is_binary(File) ->
+    hash_include(binary_to_list(File), Code);
+hash_include(File, Code) when is_list(File) ->
+    {filename:basename(File), crypto:hash(sha256, Code)}.
+
+auto_imports({comprehension_bind, _, _}) -> [<<"ListInternal.aes">>];
+auto_imports({'..', _})                  -> [<<"ListInternal.aes">>];
+auto_imports(L) when is_list(L) ->
+    lists:flatmap(fun auto_imports/1, L);
+auto_imports(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+    auto_imports(tuple_to_list(T));
+auto_imports(_) -> [].

src/aeso_pretty.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level:4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc Pretty printer for Sophia.
+%%%
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_pretty).
+
+-import(prettypr, [text/1, sep/1, above/2, beside/2, nest/2, empty/0]).
+
+-export([decls/1, decls/2, decl/1, decl/2, expr/1, expr/2, type/1, type/2]).
+
+-export_type([options/0]).
+
+-type doc() :: prettypr:document().
+-type options() :: [{indent, non_neg_integer()} | show_generated].
+
+%% More options:
+%%  Newline before open curly
+%%  Space before ':'
+
+%% -- Options ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-define(aeso_pretty_opts, aeso_pretty_opts).
+
+-spec options() -> options().
+options() ->
+    case get(?aeso_pretty_opts) of
+        undefined -> [];
+        Opts      -> Opts
+    end.
+
+-spec option(atom(), any()) -> any().
+option(Key, Default) ->
+    proplists:get_value(Key, options(), Default).
+
+-spec show_generated() -> boolean().
+show_generated() -> option(show_generated, false).
+
+-spec indent() -> non_neg_integer().
+indent() -> option(indent, 2).
+
+-spec with_options(options(), fun(() -> A)) -> A.
+with_options(Options, Fun) ->
+    put(?aeso_pretty_opts, Options),
+    Res = Fun(),
+    erase(?aeso_pretty_opts),
+    Res.
+
+%% -- Pretty printing helpers ------------------------------------------------
+
+-spec par([doc()]) -> doc().
+par(Ds) -> par(Ds, indent()).
+
+-spec par([doc()], non_neg_integer()) -> doc().
+par([], _) -> empty();
+par(Ds, N) -> prettypr:par(Ds, N).
+
+-spec follow(doc(), doc(), non_neg_integer()) -> doc().
+follow(A, B, N) ->
+    sep([A, nest(N, B)]).
+
+-spec follow(doc(), doc()) -> doc().
+follow(A, B) -> follow(A, B, indent()).
+
+-spec above([doc()]) -> doc().
+above([])       -> empty();
+above([D])      -> D;
+above([D | Ds]) -> lists:foldl(fun(X, Y) -> above(Y, X) end, D, Ds).
+
+-spec beside([doc()]) -> doc().
+beside([])       -> empty();
+beside([D])      -> D;
+beside([D | Ds]) -> lists:foldl(fun(X, Y) -> beside(Y, X) end, D, Ds).
+
+-spec hsep([doc()]) -> doc().
+hsep(Ds) -> beside(punctuate(text(" "), [ D || D <- Ds, D /= empty() ])).
+
+-spec hsep(doc(), doc()) -> doc().
+hsep(D1, D2) -> hsep([D1, D2]).
+
+-spec punctuate(doc(), [doc()]) -> [doc()].
+punctuate(_Sep, [])      -> [];
+punctuate(_Sep, [D])     -> [D];
+punctuate(Sep, [D | Ds]) -> [beside(D, Sep) | punctuate(Sep, Ds)].
+
+-spec paren(doc()) -> doc().
+paren(D) -> beside([text("("), D, text(")")]).
+
+-spec paren(boolean(), doc()) -> doc().
+paren(false, D) -> D;
+paren(true,  D) -> paren(D).
+
+-spec indent(doc()) -> doc().
+indent(D) -> nest(indent(), D).
+
+%% block(Header, Body) ->
+%%  Header
+%%      Body
+-spec block(doc(), doc()) -> doc().
+block(Header, Body) ->
+    sep([ Header, indent(Body) ]).
+
+-spec comma_brackets(string(), string(), [doc()]) -> doc().
+comma_brackets(Open, Close, Ds) ->
+    beside([text(Open), par(punctuate(text(","), Ds), 0), text(Close)]).
+
+-spec tuple([doc()]) -> doc().
+tuple(Ds) ->
+    comma_brackets("(", ")", Ds).
+
+-spec list([doc()]) -> doc().
+list(Ds) ->
+    comma_brackets("[", "]", Ds).
+
+-spec record([doc()]) -> doc().
+record(Ds) ->
+    comma_brackets("{", "}", Ds).
+
+%% equals(A, B) -> A = B
+-spec equals(doc(), doc()) -> doc().
+equals(A, B) -> follow(hsep(A, text("=")), B).
+
+%% typed(A, B) -> A : B.
+-spec typed(doc(), aeso_syntax:type()) -> doc().
+typed(A, Type) ->
+    case aeso_syntax:get_ann(origin, Type) == system andalso
+         not show_generated() of
+        true  -> A;
+        false -> follow(hsep(A, text(":")), type(Type))
+    end.
+
+%% -- Exports ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-spec decls([aeso_syntax:decl()], options()) -> doc().
+decls(Ds, Options) ->
+    with_options(Options, fun() -> decls(Ds) end).
+
+-spec decls([aeso_syntax:decl()]) -> doc().
+decls(Ds) -> above([ decl(D) || D <- Ds ]).
+
+-spec decl(aeso_syntax:decl(), options()) -> doc().
+decl(D, Options) ->
+    with_options(Options, fun() -> decl(D) end).
+
+-spec decl(aeso_syntax:decl()) -> doc().
+decl({contract, _, C, Ds}) ->
+    block(follow(text("contract"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
+decl({namespace, _, C, Ds}) ->
+    block(follow(text("namespace"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
+decl({type_decl, _, T, Vars}) -> typedecl(alias_t, T, Vars);
+decl({type_def, _, T, Vars, Def}) ->
+    Kind = element(1, Def),
+    equals(typedecl(Kind, T, Vars), typedef(Def));
+decl({fun_decl, Ann, F, T}) ->
+    Fun = case aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Ann, false) of
+            true  -> text("entrypoint");
+            false -> text("function")
+          end,
+    hsep(Fun, typed(name(F), T));
+decl(D = {letfun, Attrs, _, _, _, _}) ->
+    Mod = fun({Mod, true}) when Mod == private; Mod == stateful ->
+                            text(atom_to_list(Mod));
+             (_) -> empty() end,
+    Fun = case aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Attrs, false) of
+              true  -> "entrypoint";
+              false -> "function"
+          end,
+    hsep(lists:map(Mod, Attrs) ++ [letdecl(Fun, D)]);
+decl(D = {letval, _, _, _, _}) -> letdecl("let", D).
+
+-spec expr(aeso_syntax:expr(), options()) -> doc().
+expr(E, Options) ->
+    with_options(Options, fun() -> expr(E) end).
+
+-spec expr(aeso_syntax:expr()) -> doc().
+expr(E) -> expr_p(0, E).
+
+%% -- Not exported -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+-spec name(aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:qid() | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon() | aeso_syntax:tvar()) -> doc().
+name({id, _,   Name})  -> text(Name);
+name({con, _,  Name})  -> text(Name);
+name({qid, _,  Names}) -> text(string:join(Names, "."));
+name({qcon, _, Names}) -> text(string:join(Names, "."));
+name({tvar, _, Name})  -> text(Name);
+name({typed, _, Name, _}) -> name(Name).
+
+-spec letdecl(string(), aeso_syntax:letbind()) -> doc().
+letdecl(Let, {letval, _, F, T, E}) ->
+    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), typed(name(F), T), text("=")]), E);
+letdecl(Let, {letfun, _, F, Args, T, E}) ->
+    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), typed(beside(name(F), args(Args)), T), text("=")]), E).
+
+-spec args([aeso_syntax:arg()]) -> doc().
+args(Args) ->
+    tuple(lists:map(fun arg/1, Args)).
+
+-spec arg(aeso_syntax:arg()) -> doc().
+arg({arg, _, X, T}) -> typed(name(X), T).
+
+-spec typedecl(alias_t | record_t | variant_t, aeso_syntax:id(), [aeso_syntax:tvar()]) -> doc().
+typedecl(Kind, T, Vars) ->
+    KW = case Kind of
+            alias_t -> text("type");
+            record_t -> text("record");
+            variant_t -> text("datatype")
+         end,
+    case Vars of
+        [] -> hsep(KW, name(T));
+        _  -> beside(hsep(KW, name(T)),
+                tuple(lists:map(fun name/1, Vars)))
+    end.
+
+-spec typedef(aeso_syntax:typedef()) -> doc().
+typedef({alias_t, Type})           -> type(Type);
+typedef({record_t, Fields})        ->
+    record(lists:map(fun field_t/1, Fields));
+typedef({variant_t, Constructors}) ->
+    par(punctuate(text(" |"), lists:map(fun constructor_t/1, Constructors))).
+
+-spec constructor_t(aeso_syntax:constructor_t()) -> doc().
+constructor_t({constr_t, _, C, []}) -> name(C);
+constructor_t({constr_t, _, C, Args}) -> beside(name(C), args_type(Args)).
+
+-spec field_t(aeso_syntax:field_t()) -> doc().
+field_t({field_t, _, Name, Type}) ->
+    typed(name(Name), Type).
+
+-spec type(aeso_syntax:type(), options()) -> doc().
+type(Type, Options) ->
+    with_options(Options, fun() -> type(Type) end).
+
+-spec type(aeso_syntax:type()) -> doc().
+type({fun_t, _, Named, Args, Ret}) ->
+    follow(hsep(args_type(Named ++ Args), text("=>")), type(Ret));
+type({type_sig, _, Named, Args, Ret}) ->
+    follow(hsep(tuple_type(Named ++ Args), text("=>")), type(Ret));
+type({app_t, _, Type, []}) ->
+    type(Type);
+type({app_t, _, Type, Args}) ->
+    beside(type(Type), args_type(Args));
+type({tuple_t, _, Args}) ->
+    tuple_type(Args);
+type({args_t, _, Args}) ->
+    args_type(Args);
+type({bytes_t, _, any}) -> text("bytes(_)");
+type({bytes_t, _, Len}) ->
+    text(lists:concat(["bytes(", Len, ")"]));
+type({named_arg_t, _, Name, Type, _Default}) ->
+    %% Drop the default value
+    %% follow(hsep(typed(name(Name), Type), text("=")), expr(Default));
+    typed(name(Name), Type);
+
+type(R = {record_t, _}) -> typedef(R);
+type(T = {id, _, _})   -> name(T);
+type(T = {qid, _, _})  -> name(T);
+type(T = {con, _, _})  -> name(T);
+type(T = {qcon, _, _}) -> name(T);
+type(T = {tvar, _, _}) -> name(T).
+
+-spec args_type([aeso_syntax:type()]) -> doc().
+args_type(Args) ->
+    tuple(lists:map(fun type/1, Args)).
+
+-spec tuple_type([aeso_syntax:type()]) -> doc().
+tuple_type([]) ->
+    text("unit");
+tuple_type(Factors) ->
+    beside(
+      [ text("(")
+      , par(punctuate(text(" *"), lists:map(fun type/1, Factors)), 0)
+      , text(")")
+      ]).
+
+-spec arg_expr(aeso_syntax:arg_expr()) -> doc().
+arg_expr({named_arg, _, Name, E}) ->
+    follow(hsep(expr(Name), text("=")), expr(E));
+arg_expr(E) -> expr(E).
+
+-spec expr_p(integer(), aeso_syntax:expr()) -> doc().
+expr_p(P, {lam, _, Args, E}) ->
+    paren(P > 100, follow(hsep(args(Args), text("=>")), expr_p(100, E)));
+expr_p(P, If = {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, Else}) ->
+    Format   = aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, If),
+    if  Format == '?:' ->
+            paren(P > 100,
+                follow(expr_p(200, Cond),
+                follow(hsep(text("?"), expr_p(100, Then)),
+                   hsep(text(":"), expr_p(100, Else)), 0)));
+        true ->
+            {Elifs, Else1} = get_elifs(Else),
+            above([ stmt_p(Stmt) || Stmt <- [{'if', Ann, Cond, Then} | Elifs] ++ [Else1]])
+    end;
+expr_p(_P, {switch, _, E, Cases}) ->
+    block(beside(text("switch"), paren(expr(E))),
+          above(lists:map(fun alt/1, Cases)));
+expr_p(_, {tuple, _, Es}) ->
+    tuple(lists:map(fun expr/1, Es));
+expr_p(_, {list, _, Es}) ->
+    list(lists:map(fun expr/1, Es));
+expr_p(_, {record, _, Fs}) ->
+    record(lists:map(fun field/1, Fs));
+expr_p(_, {map, Ann, KVs}) ->
+    record([ field({field, Ann, [{map_get, [], K}], V}) || {K, V} <- KVs ]);
+expr_p(P, {map, Ann, E, Flds}) ->
+    expr_p(P, {record, Ann, E, Flds});
+expr_p(P, {record, Ann, E, Fs}) ->
+    paren(P > 900, hsep(expr_p(900, E), expr({record, Ann, Fs})));
+expr_p(_, {block, _, Ss}) ->
+    block(empty(), statements(Ss));
+expr_p(P, {proj, _, E, X}) ->
+    paren(P > 900, beside([expr_p(900, E), text("."), name(X)]));
+expr_p(P, {map_get, _, E, Key}) ->
+    paren(P > 900, beside([expr_p(900, E), list([expr(Key)])]));
+expr_p(P, {map_get, Ann, E, Key, Val}) ->
+    paren(P > 900, beside([expr_p(900, E), list([expr(equals(Ann, Key, Val))])]));
+expr_p(P, {typed, _, E, T}) ->
+    paren(P > 0, typed(expr(E), T));
+expr_p(P, {assign, _, LV, E}) ->
+    paren(P > 0, equals(expr_p(900, LV), expr(E)));
+%% -- Operators
+expr_p(_, {app, _, {'..', _}, [A, B]}) ->
+    list([infix(0, '..', A, B)]);
+expr_p(P, E = {app, _, F = {Op, _}, Args}) when is_atom(Op) ->
+    case {aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, E), Args} of
+        {infix, [A, B]} -> infix(P, Op, A, B);
+        {prefix, [A]}   -> prefix(P, Op, A);
+        _               -> app(P, F, Args)
+    end;
+expr_p(_, {app, _, C={Tag, _, _}, []}) when Tag == con; Tag == qcon ->
+    expr_p(0, C);
+expr_p(P, {app, _, F, Args}) ->
+    app(P, F, Args);
+%% -- Constants
+expr_p(_, E = {int, _, N}) ->
+    S = case aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, E) of
+            hex -> "0x" ++ integer_to_list(N, 16);
+            _   -> integer_to_list(N)
+           end,
+    text(S);
+expr_p(_, {bool, _, B}) -> text(atom_to_list(B));
+expr_p(_, {bytes, _, Bin}) ->
+    Digits = byte_size(Bin),
+    <<N:Digits/unit:8>> = Bin,
+    text(lists:flatten(io_lib:format("#~*.16.0b", [Digits*2, N])));
+expr_p(_, {hash, _, <<N:512>>}) -> text("#" ++ integer_to_list(N, 16));
+expr_p(_, {Type, _, Bin})
+    when Type == account_pubkey;
+         Type == contract_pubkey;
+         Type == oracle_pubkey;
+         Type == oracle_query_id ->
+    text(binary_to_list(aeser_api_encoder:encode(Type, Bin)));
+expr_p(_, {string, _, <<>>}) -> text("\"\"");
+expr_p(_, {string, _, S}) -> term(binary_to_list(S));
+expr_p(_, {char, _, C}) ->
+    case C of
+        $' -> text("'\\''");
+        $" -> text("'\"'");
+        _  -> S = lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [[C]])),
+              text("'" ++ tl(lists:droplast(S)) ++ "'")
+    end;
+%% -- Names
+expr_p(_, E = {id, _, _})   -> name(E);
+expr_p(_, E = {con, _, _})  -> name(E);
+expr_p(_, E = {qid, _, _})  -> name(E);
+expr_p(_, E = {qcon, _, _}) -> name(E);
+%% -- For error messages
+expr_p(_, {Op, _}) when is_atom(Op) ->
+    paren(text(atom_to_list(Op)));
+expr_p(_, {lvalue, _, LV})  -> lvalue(LV).
+
+stmt_p({'if', _, Cond, Then}) ->
+    block_expr(200, beside(text("if"), paren(expr(Cond))), Then);
+stmt_p({elif, _, Cond, Then}) ->
+    block_expr(200, beside(text("elif"), paren(expr(Cond))), Then);
+stmt_p({else, Else}) ->
+    HideGenerated = not show_generated(),
+    case aeso_syntax:get_ann(origin, Else) of
+        system when HideGenerated -> empty();
+        _ -> block_expr(200, text("else"), Else)
+    end.
+
+-spec bin_prec(aeso_syntax:bin_op()) -> {integer(), integer(), integer()}.
+bin_prec('..')   -> {  0,   0,   0};  %% Always printed inside '[ ]'
+bin_prec('=')    -> {  0,   0,   0};  %% Always printed inside '[ ]'
+bin_prec('@')    -> {  0,   0,   0};  %% Only in error messages
+bin_prec('||')   -> {200, 300, 200};
+bin_prec('&&')   -> {300, 400, 300};
+bin_prec('<')    -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('>')    -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('=<')   -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('>=')   -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('==')   -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('!=')   -> {400, 500, 500};
+bin_prec('++')   -> {500, 600, 500};
+bin_prec('::')   -> {500, 600, 500};
+bin_prec('+')    -> {600, 600, 650};
+bin_prec('-')    -> {600, 600, 650};
+bin_prec('*')    -> {700, 700, 750};
+bin_prec('/')    -> {700, 700, 750};
+bin_prec(mod)    -> {700, 700, 750};
+bin_prec('^')    -> {750, 750, 800}.
+
+-spec un_prec(aeso_syntax:un_op()) -> {integer(), integer()}.
+un_prec('-')    -> {650, 650};
+un_prec('!')    -> {800, 800}.
+
+equals(Ann, A, B) ->
+    {app, [{format, infix} | Ann], {'=', Ann}, [A, B]}.
+
+-spec infix(integer(), aeso_syntax:bin_op(), aeso_syntax:expr(), aeso_syntax:expr()) -> doc().
+infix(P, Op, A, B) ->
+    {Top, L, R} = bin_prec(Op),
+    paren(P > Top,
+        follow(hsep(expr_p(L, A), text(atom_to_list(Op))),
+               expr_p(R, B))).
+
+prefix(P, Op, A) ->
+    {Top, Inner} = un_prec(Op),
+    paren(P > Top, hsep(text(atom_to_list(Op)), expr_p(Inner, A))).
+
+app(P, F, Args) ->
+    paren(P > 900,
+    beside(expr_p(900, F),
+           tuple(lists:map(fun arg_expr/1, Args)))).
+
+field({field, _, LV, E}) ->
+    follow(hsep(lvalue(LV), text("=")), expr(E));
+field({field, _, LV, Id, E}) ->
+    follow(hsep([lvalue(LV), text("@"), name(Id), text("=")]), expr(E));
+field({field_upd, _, LV, Fun}) ->
+    follow(hsep(lvalue(LV), text("~")), expr(Fun)). %% Not valid syntax
+
+lvalue([E | Es]) ->
+    beside([elim(E) | lists:map(fun elim1/1, Es)]).
+
+elim({proj, _, X})         -> name(X);
+elim({map_get, Ann, K})    -> expr_p(0, {list, Ann, [K]});
+elim({map_get, Ann, K, V}) -> expr_p(0, {list, Ann, [equals(Ann, K, V)]}).
+
+elim1(Proj={proj, _, _})      -> beside(text("."), elim(Proj));
+elim1(Get={map_get, _, _})    -> elim(Get);
+elim1(Get={map_get, _, _, _}) -> elim(Get).
+
+alt({'case', _, Pat, Body}) ->
+    block_expr(0, hsep(expr_p(500, Pat), text("=>")), Body).
+
+block_expr(_, Header, {block, _, Ss}) ->
+    block(Header, statements(Ss));
+block_expr(P, Header, E) ->
+    follow(Header, expr_p(P, E)).
+
+statements(Stmts) ->
+    above([ statement(S) || S <- Stmts ]).
+
+statement(S = {letval, _, _, _, _})    -> letdecl("let", S);
+statement(S = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}) -> letdecl("let", S);
+statement(E) -> expr(E).
+
+get_elifs(Expr) -> get_elifs(Expr, []).
+
+get_elifs(If = {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, Else}, Elifs) ->
+    case aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, If) of
+        elif -> get_elifs(Else, [{elif, Ann, Cond, Then} | Elifs]);
+        _    -> {lists:reverse(Elifs), If}
+    end;
+get_elifs(Else, Elifs) -> {lists:reverse(Elifs), {else, Else}}.
+
+fmt(Fmt, Args) -> text(lists:flatten(io_lib:format(Fmt, Args))).
+term(X) -> fmt("~p", [X]).
+

src/aeso_scan.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level:4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc The Sophia lexer.
+%%%
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_scan).
+
+-export([scan/1]).
+
+-import(aeso_scan_lib, [token/1, token/2, symbol/0, skip/0,
+                        override/2, push/2, pop/1]).
+
+lexer() ->
+    DIGIT    = "[0-9]",
+    HEXDIGIT = "[0-9a-fA-F]",
+    LOWER    = "[a-z_]",
+    UPPER    = "[A-Z]",
+    CON      = [UPPER, "[a-zA-Z0-9_]*"],
+    INT      = [DIGIT, "+"],
+    HEX      = ["0x", HEXDIGIT, "+"],
+    BYTES    = ["#", HEXDIGIT, "+"],
+    WS       = "[\\000-\\ ]+",
+    ID       = [LOWER, "[a-zA-Z0-9_']*"],
+    TVAR     = ["'", ID],
+    QID      = ["(", CON, "\\.)+", ID],
+    QCON     = ["(", CON, "\\.)+", CON],
+    OP       = "[=!<>+\\-*/:&|?~@^]+",
+    CHAR     = "'([^'\\\\]|(\\\\.))'",
+    STRING   = "\"([^\"\\\\]|(\\\\.))*\"",
+
+    CommentStart = {"/\\*", push(comment, skip())},
+    CommentRules =
+        [ CommentStart
+        , {"\\*/",        pop(skip())}
+        , {"[^/*]+|[/*]", skip()} ],
+
+    Keywords = ["contract", "include", "let", "switch", "type", "record", "datatype", "if", "elif", "else", "function",
+                "stateful", "payable", "true", "false", "mod", "public", "entrypoint", "private", "indexed", "namespace"],
+    KW = string:join(Keywords, "|"),
+
+    Rules =
+          %% Comments and whitespace
+        [ CommentStart
+        , {"//.*", skip()}
+        , {WS,     skip()}
+
+          %% Special characters
+        , {"\\.\\.|[,.;()\\[\\]{}]", symbol()}
+
+          %% Literals
+        , {CHAR,   token(char,   fun parse_char/1)}
+        , {STRING, token(string, fun parse_string/1)}
+        , {HEX,    token(hex,    fun parse_hex/1)}
+        , {INT,    token(int,    fun list_to_integer/1)}
+        , {BYTES,  token(bytes,  fun parse_bytes/1)}
+
+          %% Identifiers (qualified first!)
+        , {QID,   token(qid,  fun(S) -> string:tokens(S, ".") end)}
+        , {QCON,  token(qcon, fun(S) -> string:tokens(S, ".") end)}
+        , {TVAR,  token(tvar)}
+        , override({ID, token(id)}, {KW, symbol()})    %% Keywords override identifiers. Need to
+        , {CON, token(con)}                            %% use override to avoid lexing "lettuce"
+                                                       %% as ['let', {id, "tuce"}].
+          %% Operators
+        , {OP, symbol()}
+        ],
+
+    [{code, Rules}, {comment, CommentRules}].
+
+scan(String) ->
+    Lexer = aeso_scan_lib:compile(lexer()),
+    aeso_scan_lib:string(Lexer, code, String).
+
+%% -- Helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+parse_string([$" | Chars]) ->
+    unescape(Chars).
+
+parse_char([$', $\\, Code, $']) ->
+    case Code of
+        $'  -> $';
+        $\\ -> $\\;
+        $b  -> $\b;
+        $e  -> $\e;
+        $f  -> $\f;
+        $n  -> $\n;
+        $r  -> $\r;
+        $t  -> $\t;
+        $v  -> $\v;
+        _   -> {error, "Bad control sequence: \\" ++ [Code]}
+    end;
+parse_char([$', C, $']) -> C.
+
+unescape(Str) -> unescape(Str, []).
+
+%% TODO: numeric escapes
+unescape([$"], Acc) ->
+    list_to_binary(lists:reverse(Acc));
+unescape([$\\, Code | Chars], Acc) ->
+    Ok = fun(C) -> unescape(Chars, [C | Acc]) end,
+    case Code of
+        $"  -> Ok($");
+        $\\ -> Ok($\\);
+        $b  -> Ok($\b);
+        $e  -> Ok($\e);
+        $f  -> Ok($\f);
+        $n  -> Ok($\n);
+        $r  -> Ok($\r);
+        $t  -> Ok($\t);
+        $v  -> Ok($\v);
+        _   -> error("Bad control sequence: \\" ++ [Code])  %% TODO
+    end;
+unescape([C | Chars], Acc) ->
+    unescape(Chars, [C | Acc]).
+
+parse_hex("0x" ++ Chars) -> list_to_integer(Chars, 16).
+
+parse_bytes("#" ++ Chars) ->
+    N      = list_to_integer(Chars, 16),
+    Digits = (length(Chars) + 1) div 2,
+    <<N:Digits/unit:8>>.
+

src/aeso_scan_lib.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level:4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc A customisable lexer.
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_scan_lib).
+
+-export([compile/1, string/3,
+         token/1, token/2, symbol/0, skip/0,
+         override/2, push/2, pop/1]).
+
+-export_type([lexer/0, token_spec/0, token_action/0, token/0, pos/0, regex/0]).
+
+%% -- Exported types --
+
+-type regex()     :: iodata() | unicode:charlist().
+-type pos()       :: {integer(), integer()}.
+-type lex_state() :: atom().
+-type token()     :: {atom(), pos(), term()} | {atom(), pos()}.
+
+-type token_spec()     :: {regex(), token_action()}.
+-opaque token_action() :: fun((string(), pos()) -> {tok_result(), state_change()}).
+
+-opaque lexer() :: [{lex_state(),
+                     fun((string(), pos()) -> {ok, tok_result(), string(), pos()}
+                                            | end_of_file | error)}].
+
+%% -- Internal types --
+-type tok_result()   :: {token, token()} | skip.
+-type state_change() :: none | pop | {push, lex_state()}.
+
+%% @doc Compile a lexer specification. Takes the regexps for each state and
+%% combines them into a single big regexp that is then compiled with re:compile/1.
+%% Note: contrary to lexer generators like leex, we don't have longest match
+%% semantics (since this isn't supported by re). Use override/2 instead.
+-spec compile([{lex_state(), [token_spec()]}]) -> lexer().
+compile(TokenSpecs) ->
+    [{S, compile_spec(Spec)} || {S, Spec} <- TokenSpecs].
+
+compile_spec(TokenSpecs) ->
+    WithIxs     = lists:zip(lists:seq(1, length(TokenSpecs)), TokenSpecs),
+    {ok, Regex} = re:compile(["^(", name(0), string:join([ ["(", name(I), R, ")"] || {I, {R, _}} <- WithIxs ], "|"),")"]),
+    Actions     = [ Fun || {_, Fun} <- TokenSpecs ],
+    fun ("", _Pos) -> end_of_file;
+        (S, Pos)  ->
+            case re:run(S, Regex, [{capture, all_names}]) of
+                {match, [{0, N} | Capture]} ->
+                    Index        = 1 + length(lists:takewhile(fun({P, _}) -> P == -1 end, Capture)),
+                    Action       = lists:nth(Index, Actions),
+                    {TokS, Rest} = lists:split(N, S),
+                    Tok          = Action(TokS, Pos),
+                    {ok, Tok, Rest, next_pos(TokS, Pos)};
+                nomatch ->
+                    error
+            end
+    end.
+
+%% @doc Produce a token with the given tag and the matched string as the
+%%      value.
+-spec token(atom()) -> token_action().
+token(Tag) ->
+    token(Tag, fun(X) -> X end).
+
+%% @doc Produce a token with the given tag and the value computed from the
+%%      matched string using the function.
+-spec token(atom(), fun((string()) -> term())) -> token_action().
+token(Tag, Fun) ->
+    fun(S, P) -> {{token, {Tag, P, Fun(S)}}, none} end.
+
+%% @doc Produce a token with the matched string (converted to an atom) as the
+%%      tag and no value.
+-spec symbol() -> token_action().
+symbol() ->
+    fun(S, P) -> {{token, {list_to_atom(S), P}}, none} end.
+
+%% @doc Skip the matched string, producing no token.
+-spec skip() -> token_action().
+skip() ->
+    fun(_, _) -> {skip, none} end.
+
+%% @doc Enter the given state and perform the given action. The argument action
+%%      should not change the state.
+-spec push(lex_state(), token_action()) -> token_action().
+push(State, Action) ->
+    fun(S, P) -> {Res, _} = Action(S, P), {Res, {push, State}} end.
+
+%% @doc Exit from the current state and perform the given action. The argument
+%%      action should not change the state.
+-spec pop(token_action()) -> token_action().
+pop(Action) ->
+    fun(S, P) -> {Res, _} = Action(S, P), {Res, pop} end.
+
+%% @doc Match using the first spec, but if the second spec also matches use
+%%      that one instead. Use this for overlapping tokens (like identifiers and
+%%      keywords), since matching does not have longest-match semantics.
+-spec override(token_spec(), token_spec()) -> token_spec().
+override({Re1, Action1}, {Re2, Action2}) ->
+    {ok, Compiled} = re:compile(["^(", Re2, ")$"]),
+    {Re1, fun(S, P) ->
+        case re:run(S, Compiled, [{capture, none}]) of
+            match   -> Action2(S, P);
+            nomatch -> Action1(S, P)
+        end end}.
+
+%% @doc Run a lexer. Takes the starting state and the string to lex.
+-spec string(lexer(), lex_state(), string()) -> {ok, [token()]} | {error, term()}.
+string(Lexer, State, String) -> string(Lexer, [State], String, {1, 1}).
+
+string(Lexer, Stack, String, Pos) ->
+    Lines = string:split(String, "\n", all),
+    string(Lexer, Stack, Lines, Pos, []).
+
+string(_Lexers, [], [Line | _Rest], Pos, _Acc) ->
+    {error, {{Line,Pos}, scan_error_no_state}};
+string(_Lexers, _Stack, [], _Pos, Acc) ->
+    {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
+string(Lexers, [State | Stack], [Line | Lines], Pos, Acc) ->
+    Lexer = proplists:get_value(State, Lexers, State),
+    case Lexer(Line, Pos) of
+        {ok, {Res, StateChange}, Line1, Pos1} ->
+            Acc1 = case Res of
+                       {token, Tok} -> [Tok | Acc];
+                       skip         -> Acc
+                   end,
+            Stack1 = case StateChange of
+                         none           -> [State | Stack];
+                         pop            -> Stack;
+                         {push, State1} -> [State1, State | Stack]
+                     end,
+            string(Lexers, Stack1, [Line1 | Lines], Pos1, Acc1);
+        end_of_file -> string(Lexers, [State | Stack], Lines, next_pos("\n", Pos), Acc);
+        error       -> {error, {{Line,Pos}, scan_error}}
+    end.
+
+%% -- Internal functions -----------------------------------------------------
+
+name(I) ->
+  io_lib:format("?<A~3.10.0b>", [I]).
+
+-define(TAB_SIZE, 8).
+
+next_pos([], P) -> P;
+next_pos([$\n | S], {L, _}) -> next_pos(S, {L + 1, 1});
+next_pos([$\t | S], {L, C}) -> next_pos(S, {L, (C + ?TAB_SIZE - 1) div ?TAB_SIZE * ?TAB_SIZE + 1});
+next_pos([_   | S], {L, C}) -> next_pos(S, {L, C + 1}).
+

src/aeso_stdlib.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Radosław Rowicki
+%%% @copyright (C) 2019, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Standard library for Sophia
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 6 July 2019
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_stdlib).
+
+-export([stdlib_include_path/0]).
+
+stdlib_include_path() ->
+    filename:join([code:priv_dir(aesophia), "stdlib"]).
+

src/aeso_syntax.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+%%% -*- erlang-indent-level:4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc Sophia abstract syntax types.
+%%%
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_syntax).
+
+-export([get_ann/1, get_ann/2, get_ann/3, set_ann/2, qualify/2]).
+
+-export_type([ann_line/0, ann_col/0, ann_origin/0, ann_format/0, ann/0]).
+-export_type([name/0, id/0, con/0, qid/0, qcon/0, tvar/0, op/0]).
+-export_type([bin_op/0, un_op/0]).
+-export_type([decl/0, letbind/0, typedef/0]).
+-export_type([arg/0, field_t/0, constructor_t/0, named_arg_t/0]).
+-export_type([type/0, constant/0, expr/0, arg_expr/0, field/1, stmt/0, alt/0, lvalue/0, elim/0, pat/0]).
+-export_type([ast/0]).
+
+-type ast() :: [decl()].
+
+-type ann_line()   :: integer().
+-type ann_col()    :: integer().
+-type ann_origin() :: system | user.
+-type ann_format() :: '?:' | hex | infix | prefix | elif.
+
+-type ann() :: [{line, ann_line()} | {col, ann_col()} | {format, ann_format()} | {origin, ann_origin()} | stateful | private].
+
+-type name() :: string().
+-type id()   :: {id,   ann(), name()}.
+-type con()  :: {con,  ann(), name()}.
+-type qid()  :: {qid,  ann(), [name()]}.
+-type qcon() :: {qcon, ann(), [name()]}.
+-type tvar() :: {tvar, ann(), name()}.
+
+-type decl() :: {contract, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
+              | {namespace, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
+              | {type_decl, ann(), id(), [tvar()]}
+              | {type_def, ann(), id(), [tvar()], typedef()}
+              | {fun_decl, ann(), id(), type()}
+              | letbind().
+
+-type letbind()
+    :: {letval, ann(), id(), type(), expr()}
+     | {letfun, ann(), id(), [arg()], type(), expr()}.
+
+-type arg() :: {arg, ann(), id(), type()}.
+
+-type typedef()
+    :: {alias_t, type()}
+     | {record_t, [field_t()]}
+     | {variant_t, [constructor_t()]}.
+
+-type field_t() :: {field_t, ann(), id(), type()}.
+
+-type constructor_t() :: {constr_t, ann(), con(), [type()]}.
+
+-type type() :: {fun_t, ann(), [named_arg_t()], [type()], type()}
+              | {app_t, ann(), type(), [type()]}
+              | {tuple_t, ann(), [type()]}
+              | {args_t, ann(), [type()]}   %% old tuple syntax, old for error messages
+              | {bytes_t, ann(), integer() | any}
+              | id()  | qid()
+              | con() | qcon()  %% contracts
+              | tvar().
+
+-type named_arg_t() :: {named_arg_t, ann(), id(), type(), expr()}.
+
+-type constant()
+    :: {int, ann(), integer()}
+     | {bool, ann(), true | false}
+     | {bytes, ann(), binary()}
+     | {account_pubkey, ann(), binary()}
+     | {contract_pubkey, ann(), binary()}
+     | {oracle_pubkey, ann(), binary()}
+     | {oracle_query_id, ann(), binary()}
+     | {string, ann(), binary()}
+     | {char, ann(), integer()}.
+
+-type op() :: bin_op() | un_op().
+
+-type bin_op() :: '+' | '-' | '*' | '/' | mod | '^'
+                | '++' | '::' | '<' | '>' | '=<' | '>=' | '==' | '!='
+                | '||' | '&&' | '..'.
+-type un_op() :: '-' | '!'.
+
+-type expr()
+    :: {lam, ann(), [arg()], expr()}
+     | {'if', ann(), expr(), expr(), expr()}
+     | {switch, ann(), expr(), [alt()]}
+     | {app, ann(), expr(), [arg_expr()]}
+     | {proj, ann(), expr(), id()}
+     | {tuple, ann(), [expr()]}
+     | {list, ann(), [expr()]}
+     | {list_comp, ann(), expr(), [comprehension_exp()]}
+     | {typed, ann(), expr(), type()}
+     | {record, ann(), [field(expr())]}
+     | {record, ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]} %% record update
+     | {map, ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]}    %% map update
+     | {map, ann(), [{expr(), expr()}]}
+     | {map_get, ann(), expr(), expr()}
+     | {map_get, ann(), expr(), expr(), expr()}
+     | {block, ann(), [stmt()]}
+     | {op(), ann()}
+     | id() | qid() | con() | qcon()
+     | constant().
+
+-type comprehension_exp() :: [ {comprehension_bind, id(), expr()}
+                             | {comprehension_if, ann(), expr()}
+                             | letbind() ].
+
+-type arg_expr() :: expr() | {named_arg, ann(), id(), expr()}.
+
+%% When lvalue is a projection this is sugar for accessing fields in nested
+%% records. For instance,
+%%    r { x.y: 5 }
+%% is the same as
+%%    r { x: r.x { y: 5 } }
+-type field(E) :: {field, ann(), lvalue(), E}
+                | {field, ann(), lvalue(), id(), E}.  %% modifying a field (id is previous value)
+
+-type stmt() :: letbind()
+              | expr().
+
+-type alt() :: {'case', ann(), pat(), expr()}.
+
+-type lvalue() :: nonempty_list(elim()).
+
+-type elim() :: {proj, ann(), id()}
+              | {map_get, ann(), expr()}
+              | {map_get, ann(), expr(), expr()}.
+
+-type pat() :: {app, ann(), con() | op(), [pat()]}
+             | {tuple, ann(), [pat()]}
+             | {list, ann(), [pat()]}
+             | {record, ann(), [field(pat())]}
+             | constant()
+             | con()
+             | id().
+
+get_ann(Node) when is_tuple(Node) -> element(2, Node);
+get_ann(Ann)  when is_list(Ann)   -> Ann.
+
+set_ann(Ann1, Node) when is_tuple(Node) -> setelement(2, Node, Ann1);
+set_ann(Ann1, Ann) when is_list(Ann) -> Ann1.
+
+get_ann(Key, Node) ->
+    proplists:get_value(Key, get_ann(Node)).
+
+get_ann(Key, Node, Default) ->
+    proplists:get_value(Key, get_ann(Node), Default).
+
+qualify({con, Ann, N}, X)             -> qualify({qcon, Ann, [N]}, X);
+qualify({qcon, _, NS}, {con, Ann, C}) -> {qcon, Ann, NS ++ [C]};
+qualify({qcon, _, NS}, {id, Ann, X})  -> {qid, Ann, NS ++ [X]}.

src/aeso_syntax_utils.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @copyright (C) 2018, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Sophia syntax utilities.
+%%% @end
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_syntax_utils).
+
+-export([used_ids/1, used_types/2, used/1]).
+
+-record(alg, {zero, plus, scoped}).
+
+-type alg(A) :: #alg{ zero   :: A
+                    , plus   :: fun((A, A) -> A)
+                    , scoped :: fun((A, A) -> A) }.
+
+-type kind() :: decl | type | bind_type | expr | bind_expr.
+
+-spec fold(alg(A), fun((kind(), _) -> A), kind(), E | [E]) -> A
+    when E :: aeso_syntax:decl()
+            | aeso_syntax:typedef()
+            | aeso_syntax:field_t()
+            | aeso_syntax:constructor_t()
+            | aeso_syntax:type()
+            | aeso_syntax:expr()
+            | aeso_syntax:pat()
+            | aeso_syntax:arg()
+            | aeso_syntax:alt()
+            | aeso_syntax:elim()
+            | aeso_syntax:arg_expr()
+            | aeso_syntax:field(aeso_syntax:expr())
+            | aeso_syntax:stmt().
+fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
+    Sum  = fun(Xs) -> lists:foldl(Plus, Zero, Xs) end,
+    Same = fun(A) -> fold(Alg, Fun, K, A) end,
+    Decl = fun(D) -> fold(Alg, Fun, decl, D) end,
+    Type = fun(T) -> fold(Alg, Fun, type, T) end,
+    Expr = fun(E) -> fold(Alg, Fun, expr, E) end,
+    BindExpr = fun(P) -> fold(Alg, Fun, bind_expr, P) end,
+    BindType = fun(T) -> fold(Alg, Fun, bind_type, T) end,
+    Top = Fun(K, X),
+    Rec = case X of
+            %% lists (bound things in head scope over tail)
+            [A | As]                 -> Scoped(Same(A), Same(As));
+            %% decl()
+            {contract, _, _, Ds}     -> Decl(Ds);
+            {namespace, _, _, Ds}    -> Decl(Ds);
+            {type_decl, _, I, _}     -> BindType(I);
+            {type_def, _, I, _, D}   -> Plus(BindType(I), Decl(D));
+            {fun_decl, _, _, T}      -> Type(T);
+            {letval, _, F, T, E}     -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(E)]);
+            {letfun, _, F, Xs, T, E} -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(Xs ++ [E])]);
+            %% typedef()
+            {alias_t, T}    -> Type(T);
+            {record_t, Fs}  -> Type(Fs);
+            {variant_t, Cs} -> Type(Cs);
+            %% field_t() and constructor_t()
+            {field_t, _, _, T}   -> Type(T);
+            {constr_t, _, _, Ts} -> Type(Ts);
+            %% type()
+            {fun_t, _, Named, Args, Ret} -> Type([Named, Args, Ret]);
+            {app_t, _, T, Ts}            -> Type([T | Ts]);
+            {tuple_t, _, Ts}             -> Type(Ts);
+            %% named_arg_t()
+            {named_arg_t, _, _, T, E} -> Plus(Type(T), Expr(E));
+            %% expr()
+            {lam, _, Args, E}      -> Scoped(BindExpr(Args), Expr(E));
+            {'if', _, A, B, C}     -> Expr([A, B, C]);
+            {switch, _, E, Alts}   -> Expr([E, Alts]);
+            {app, _, A, As}        -> Expr([A | As]);
+            {proj, _, E, _}        -> Expr(E);
+            {tuple, _, As}         -> Expr(As);
+            {list, _, As}          -> Expr(As);
+            {list_comp, _, Y, []}  -> Expr(Y);
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [{comprehension_bind, I, E}|R]} ->
+                Plus(Expr(E), Scoped(BindExpr(I), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [{comprehension_if, _, E}|R]} ->
+                Plus(Expr(E), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R}));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letval, _, F, _, _} | R]} ->
+                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letfun, _, F, _, _, _} | R]} ->
+                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {typed, _, E, T}       -> Plus(Expr(E), Type(T));
+            {record, _, Fs}        -> Expr(Fs);
+            {record, _, E, Fs}     -> Expr([E | Fs]);
+            {map, _, E, Fs}        -> Expr([E | Fs]);
+            {map, _, KVs}          -> Sum([Expr([Key, Val]) || {Key, Val} <- KVs]);
+            {map_get, _, A, B}     -> Expr([A, B]);
+            {map_get, _, A, B, C}  -> Expr([A, B, C]);
+            {block, _, Ss}         -> Expr(Ss);
+            %% field()
+            {field, _, LV, E}    -> Expr([LV, E]);
+            {field, _, LV, _, E} -> Expr([LV, E]);
+            %% arg()
+            {arg, _, Y, T} -> Plus(BindExpr(Y), Type(T));
+            %% alt()
+            {'case', _, P, E} -> Scoped(BindExpr(P), Expr(E));
+            %% elim()
+            {proj, _, _}    -> Zero;
+            {map_get, _, E} -> Expr(E);
+            %% arg_expr()
+            {named_arg, _, _, E} -> Expr(E);
+            _ -> Alg#alg.zero
+          end,
+    (Alg#alg.plus)(Top, Rec).
+
+%% Name dependencies
+
+used_ids(E) ->
+    [ X || {{term, [X]}, _} <- used(E) ].
+
+used_types([Top] = _CurrentNS, T) ->
+    F = fun({{type, [X]}, _}) -> [X];
+           ({{type, [Top1, X]}, _}) when Top1 == Top -> [X];
+           (_) -> []
+        end,
+    lists:flatmap(F, used(T)).
+
+-type entity() :: {term, [string()]}
+                | {type, [string()]}
+                | {namespace, [string()]}.
+
+-spec entity_alg() -> alg(#{entity() => aeso_syntax:ann()}).
+entity_alg() ->
+    IsBound = fun({K, _}) -> lists:member(K, [bound_term, bound_type]) end,
+    Unbind  = fun(bound_term) -> term; (bound_type) -> type end,
+    Remove  = fun(Keys, Map) -> maps:without(Keys, Map) end,
+    Scoped = fun(Xs, Ys) ->
+                Bound  = [E || E <- maps:keys(Xs), IsBound(E)],
+                Bound1 = [ {Unbind(Tag), X} || {Tag, X} <- Bound ],
+                Others = Remove(Bound1, Ys),
+                maps:merge(Remove(Bound, Xs), Others)
+            end,
+    #alg{ zero   = #{}
+        , plus   = fun maps:merge/2
+        , scoped = Scoped }.
+
+-spec used(_) -> [{entity(), aeso_syntax:ann()}].
+used(D) ->
+    Kind = fun(expr)      -> term;
+              (bind_expr) -> bound_term;
+              (type)      -> type;
+              (bind_type) -> bound_type
+           end,
+    NS = fun(Xs) -> {namespace, lists:droplast(Xs)} end,
+    NotBound = fun({{Tag, _}, _}) -> not lists:member(Tag, [bound_term, bound_type]) end,
+    Xs =
+        maps:to_list(fold(entity_alg(),
+            fun(K, {id,   Ann, X})  -> #{{Kind(K), [X]} => Ann};
+               (K, {qid,  Ann, Xs}) -> #{{Kind(K), Xs}  => Ann, NS(Xs) => Ann};
+               (K, {con,  Ann, X})  -> #{{Kind(K), [X]} => Ann};
+               (K, {qcon, Ann, Xs}) -> #{{Kind(K), Xs}  => Ann, NS(Xs) => Ann};
+               (_, _)             -> #{}
+            end, decl, D)),
+    lists:filter(NotBound, Xs).
+