Merge pull request #309 from aeternity/prepare_5.0.0

Preparing v5.0.0

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -8,6 +8,15 @@ executors:
     working_directory: ~/aesophia
 
 jobs:
+  verify_rebar_lock:
+    executor: aebuilder
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - run:
+          name: Ensure lock file is up-to-date
+          command: |
+            ./rebar3 upgrade
+            git diff --quiet -- rebar.lock || (echo "rebar.lock is not up-to-date" && exit 1)
   build:
     executor: aebuilder
     steps:
@@ -35,3 +44,10 @@ jobs:
             - _build/default/rebar3_20.3.8_plt
       - store_artifacts:
           path: _build/test/logs
+
+workflows:
+  version: 2
+  build_test:
+    jobs:
+      - build
+      - verify_rebar_lock

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -9,28 +9,143 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 ### Changed
 ### Removed
 
-## [4.0.0-rc3] - 2019-09-12
+## [5.0.0] 2021-04-30
 ### Added
+- A new and improved [`String` standard library](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/blob/master/docs/sophia_stdlib.md#string)
+  has been added. Use it by `include "String.aes"`. It includes functions for
+  turning strings into lists of characters for detailed manipulation. For
+  example:
+  ```
+  include "String.aes"
+  contract C =
+    entrypoint filter_all_a(s: string) : string =
+      String.from_list(List.filter((c : char) => c != 'a', String.to_list(s)))
+  ```
+  will return a list with all `a`'s removed.
+
+  There are also convenience functions `split`, `concat`, `to_upper`,
+  `to_lower`, etc.
+
+  All String functions in FATEv2 operate on unicode code points.
+- Operations for pairing-based cryptography has been added the operations
+  are in the standard library [BLS12_381](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/blob/master/docs/sophia_stdlib.md#bls12_381).
+  With these operations it is possible to do Zero Knowledge-proofs, etc.
+  The operations are for the BLS12-381 curve (as the name suggests).
+- Calls to functions in other contracts (i.e. _remote calls_) can now be
+  [`protected`](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/blob/master/docs/sophia.md#protected-contract-calls).
+  If a contract call fails for any reason (for instance, the remote contract
+  crashes or runs out of gas, or the entrypoint doesn't exist or has the
+  wrong type) the parent call also fails. To make it possible to recover
+  from failures, contract calls takes a named argument `protected : bool`
+  (default `false`).
+
+  If `protected = true` the result of the contract call is wrapped in an
+  `option`, and `Some(value)` indicates a succesful execution and `None`
+  indicates that the contract call failed. Note: any gas consumed until
+  the failure is still charged, but all side effects in the remote
+  contract are rolled back on failure.
+- A new chain operation [`AENS.update`](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/blob/master/docs/sophia.md#aens-interface)
+  is supported.
+- New chain exploring operations `AENS.lookup` and `Oracle.expiry` to
+  look up an AENS record and the expiry of an Oracle respectively, are added.
+- Transaction introspection (`Auth.tx`) has been added. When a Generalized
+  account is authorized, the authorization function needs access to the
+  transaction (and the transaction hash) for the wrapped transaction. The
+  transaction and the transaction hash is available `Auth.tx`, it is only
+  available during authentication if invoked by a normal contract call
+  it returns `None`. Example:
+  ```
+  switch(Auth.tx)
+    None      => abort("Not in Auth context")
+    Some(tx0) =>
+      switch(tx0.tx)
+        Chain.SpendTx(_, amount, _)  => amount > 400
+        Chain.ContractCallTx(_, _)   => true
+        _                            => false
+  ```
+- A debug mode is a added to the compiler. Right now its only use is to
+  turn off hermetization.
+### Changed
+- The function `Chain.block_hash(height)` is now (in FATEv2) defined for
+  the current height - this used to be an error.
+- Standard library: Sort is optimized to do `mergesort` and a `contains`
+  function is added.
+- Improved type errors and explicit errors for some syntax errors (empty code
+  blocks, etc.).
+- Compiler optimization: The ACI is generated alongside bytecode. This means
+  that multiple compiler passes can be avoided.
+- Compiler optimization: Improved parsing (less stack used when transpiled).
+- A bug where constraints were handled out of order fixed.
+- Fixed calldata decoding for singleton records.
+- Improved the documentation w.r.t. signatures, especially stressing the fact that
+  the network ID is a part of what is signed.
+### Removed
+
+## [4.3.0]
+### Added
+- Added documentation (moved from `protocol`)
+- `Frac.aes` – library for rational numbers
+- Added some more meaningful error messages
+- Exported several parsing functionalities
+ - With option `keep_included` it is possible to see which files were included during the parse
+ - There is a function `run_parser` that be used to evaluate any parsing rule
+ - Exported parsers: `body`, `type` and `decl`
+### Changed
+- Performance improvements in the standard library
+- Fixed ACI encoder to handle `-` unary operator
+- Fixed including by absolute path
+- Fixed variant type printing in the ACI error messages
+- Fixed pretty printing of combined function clauses
+### Removed
+- `let` definitions are no longer supported in the toplevel of the contract
+- type declarations are no longer supported
+
+## [4.2.0] - 2020-01-15
+### Added
+- Allow separate entrypoint/function type signature and definition, and pattern
+  matching in left-hand sides:
+  ```
+    function
+      length : list('a) => int
+      length([])      = 0
+      length(x :: xs) = 1 + length(xs)
+  ```
+- Allow pattern matching in list comprehension generators (filtering out match
+  failures):
+  ```
+    function somes(xs : list(option('a))) : list('a) =
+      [ x | Some(x) <- xs ]
+  ```
+- Allow pattern matching in let-bindings (aborting on match failures):
+  ```
+    function test(m : map(int, int)) =
+        let Some(x) = Map.lookup(m, 0)
+        x
+  ```
+### Changed
+- FATE code generator improvements.
+- Bug fix: Handle qualified constructors in patterns.
+- Bug fix: Allow switching also on negative numbers.
+### Removed
+
+## [4.1.0] - 2019-11-26
+### Added
+- Support encoding and decoding bit fields in call arguments and results.
+### Changed
+- Various improvements to FATE code generator.
+### Removed
+
+## [4.0.0] - 2019-10-11
+### Added
+- `Address.to_contract` - casts an address to a (any) contract type.
+- Pragma to check compiler version, e.g. `@compiler >= 4.0`.
+- Handle numeric escapes, i.e. `"\x19Ethereum Signed Message:\n"`, and similar strings.
 - `Bytes.concat` and `Bytes.split` are added to be able to
   (de-)construct byte arrays.
 - `[a..b]` language construct, returning the list of numbers between
   `a` and `b` (inclusive). Returns the empty list if `a` > `b`.
-- [Standard libraries] (https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/sophia_stdlib.md)
+- [Standard libraries](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/blob/master/docs/sophia_stdlib.md)
 - Checks that `init` is not called from other functions.
-### Changed
-- Error messages are changed into a uniform format, and more helpful
-  messages have been added.
-- `Crypto.<hash_fun>` and `String.<hash_fun>` for byte arrays now only
-  hash the actual byte array - not the internal ABI format.
-- More strict checks for polymorphic oracles and higher order oracles
-  and entrypoints.
-- `AENS.claim` is updated with a `NameFee` field - to be able to do
-  name auctions within contracts.
-- Fixed a bug in `Bytes.to_str` for AEVM.
-### Removed
-
-## [4.0.0-rc1] - 2019-08-22
-### Added
 - FATE backend - the compiler is able to produce VM code for both `AEVM` and `FATE`. Many
   of the APIs now take `{backend, aevm | fate}` to decide wich backend to produce artifacts
   for.
@@ -47,6 +162,20 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   that shall be able to receive funds should be marked as payable. `Address.is_payable(a)`
   can be used to check if an (contract) address is payable or not.
 ### Changed
+- Nice type error if contract function is called as from a namespace.
+- Fail on function definitions in contracts other than the main contract.
+- Bug fix in variable optimization - don't discard writes to the store/state.
+- Bug fixes in error reporting.
+- Bug fix in variable liveness analysis for FATE.
+- Error messages are changed into a uniform format, and more helpful
+  messages have been added.
+- `Crypto.<hash_fun>` and `String.<hash_fun>` for byte arrays now only
+  hash the actual byte array - not the internal ABI format.
+- More strict checks for polymorphic oracles and higher order oracles
+  and entrypoints.
+- `AENS.claim` is updated with a `NameFee` field - to be able to do
+  name auctions within contracts.
+- Fixed a bug in `Bytes.to_str` for AEVM.
 - New syntax for tuple types. Now 0-tuple type is encoded as `unit` instead of `()` and
   regular tuples are encoded by interspersing inner types with `*`, for instance `int * string`.
   Parens are not necessary. Note it only affects the types, values remain as their were before,
@@ -154,9 +283,12 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - Simplify calldata creation - instead of passing a compiled contract, simply
   pass a (stubbed) contract string.
 
-[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.0.0-rc3...HEAD
-[4.0.0-rc3]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.0.0-rc1...v4.0.0-rc3
-[4.0.0-rc1]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.2.0...v4.0.0-rc1
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v5.0.0...HEAD
+[5.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.3.0...v5.0.0
+[4.3.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.2.0...v4.3.0
+[4.2.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.1.0...v4.2.0
+[4.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.0.0...v4.1.0
+[4.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.2.0...v4.0.0
 [3.2.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.1.0...v3.2.0
 [3.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.0.0...v3.1.0
 [3.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.1.0...v3.0.0

README.md

@@ -1,13 +1,17 @@
 # aesophia
 
-This is the __sophia__ compiler for the æternity system which compiles contracts written in __sophia__ code to the æternity VM code.
+This is the __sophia__ compiler for the æternity system which compiles contracts written in __sophia__ to [FATE](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/fate.md) instructions.
 
-For more information about æternity smart contracts and the sophia language see [Smart Contracts](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/contracts.md) and the [Sophia Language](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/sophia.md).
+The compiler is currently being used three places
+ - [The command line compiler](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia_cli)
+ - [The HTTP compiler](https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia_http)
+ - In [Aeternity node](https://github.com/aeternity/aeternity) tests
 
-It is an OTP application written in Erlang and is by default included in
-[the æternity node](https://github.com/aeternity/epoch). However, it can
-also be included in other systems to compile contracts coded in sophia which
-can then be loaded into the æternity system.
+## Documentation
+
+* [Smart Contracts on aeternity Blockchain](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/contracts.md).
+* [Sophia Documentation](docs/sophia.md).
+* [Sophia Standard Library](docs/sophia_stdlib.md).
 
 ## Versioning
 

priv/stdlib/BLS12_381.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+namespace BLS12_381 =
+  type fr    = MCL_BLS12_381.fr
+  type fp    = MCL_BLS12_381.fp
+  record fp2 = { x1 : fp, x2 : fp }
+  record g1  = { x : fp, y : fp, z : fp }
+  record g2  = { x : fp2, y : fp2, z : fp2 }
+  record gt  = { x1 : fp, x2 : fp, x3 : fp, x4 : fp, x5 : fp, x6 : fp,
+                 x7 : fp, x8 : fp, x9 : fp, x10 : fp, x11 : fp, x12 : fp }
+
+  function pairing_check(xs : list(g1), ys : list(g2)) =
+    switch((xs, ys))
+      ([], []) => true
+      (x :: xs, y :: ys) => pairing_check_(pairing(x, y), xs, ys)
+
+  function pairing_check_(acc : gt, xs : list(g1), ys : list(g2)) =
+    switch((xs, ys))
+      ([], []) => gt_is_one(acc)
+      (x :: xs, y :: ys) =>
+        pairing_check_(gt_mul(acc, pairing(x, y)), xs, ys)
+
+  function int_to_fr(x : int) = MCL_BLS12_381.int_to_fr(x)
+  function int_to_fp(x : int) = MCL_BLS12_381.int_to_fp(x)
+  function fr_to_int(x : fr)  = MCL_BLS12_381.fr_to_int(x)
+  function fp_to_int(x : fp)  = MCL_BLS12_381.fp_to_int(x)
+
+  function mk_g1(x : int, y : int, z : int) : g1 =
+    { x = int_to_fp(x), y = int_to_fp(y), z = int_to_fp(z) }
+
+  function mk_g2(x1 : int, x2 : int, y1 : int, y2 : int, z1 : int, z2 : int) : g2 =
+    { x = {x1 = int_to_fp(x1), x2 = int_to_fp(x2)},
+      y = {x1 = int_to_fp(y1), x2 = int_to_fp(y2)},
+      z = {x1 = int_to_fp(z1), x2 = int_to_fp(z2)} }
+
+  function pack_g1(t) = switch(t)
+                          (x, y, z) => {x = x, y = y, z = z} : g1
+  function pack_g2(t) = switch(t)
+                          ((x1, x2), (y1, y2), (z1, z2)) =>
+                            {x = {x1 = x1, x2 = x2}, y = {x1 = y1, x2 = y2}, z = {x1 = z1, x2 = z2}} : g2
+  function pack_gt(t) = switch(t)
+                          (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, x7, x8, x9, x10, x11, x12) =>
+                            {x1 = x1, x2 = x2, x3 = x3, x4 = x4, x5 = x5, x6 = x6,
+                             x7 = x7, x8 = x8, x9 = x9, x10 = x10, x11 = x11, x12 = x12} : gt
+
+  function g1_neg(p : g1)         = pack_g1(MCL_BLS12_381.g1_neg((p.x, p.y, p.z)))
+  function g1_norm(p : g1)        = pack_g1(MCL_BLS12_381.g1_norm((p.x, p.y, p.z)))
+  function g1_valid(p : g1)       = MCL_BLS12_381.g1_valid((p.x, p.y, p.z))
+  function g1_is_zero(p : g1)     = MCL_BLS12_381.g1_is_zero((p.x, p.y, p.z))
+  function g1_add(p : g1, q : g1) = pack_g1(MCL_BLS12_381.g1_add((p.x, p.y, p.z), (q.x, q.y, q.z)))
+  function g1_mul(k : fr, p : g1) = pack_g1(MCL_BLS12_381.g1_mul(k, (p.x, p.y, p.z)))
+
+  function g2_neg(p : g2)         = pack_g2(MCL_BLS12_381.g2_neg(((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2))))
+  function g2_norm(p : g2)        = pack_g2(MCL_BLS12_381.g2_norm(((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2))))
+  function g2_valid(p : g2)       = MCL_BLS12_381.g2_valid(((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2)))
+  function g2_is_zero(p : g2)     = MCL_BLS12_381.g2_is_zero(((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2)))
+  function g2_add(p : g2, q : g2) = pack_g2(MCL_BLS12_381.g2_add(((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2)),
+                                                                 ((q.x.x1, q.x.x2), (q.y.x1, q.y.x2), (q.z.x1, q.z.x2))))
+  function g2_mul(k : fr, p : g2) = pack_g2(MCL_BLS12_381.g2_mul(k, ((p.x.x1, p.x.x2), (p.y.x1, p.y.x2), (p.z.x1, p.z.x2))))
+
+  function gt_inv(p : gt)              = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.gt_inv((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12)))
+  function gt_add(p : gt, q : gt)      = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.gt_add((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12),
+                                                                      (q.x1, q.x2, q.x3, q.x4, q.x5, q.x6, q.x7, q.x8, q.x9, q.x10, q.x11, q.x12)))
+  function gt_mul(p : gt, q : gt)      = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.gt_mul((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12),
+                                                                      (q.x1, q.x2, q.x3, q.x4, q.x5, q.x6, q.x7, q.x8, q.x9, q.x10, q.x11, q.x12)))
+  function gt_pow(p : gt, k : fr)      = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.gt_pow((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12), k))
+  function gt_is_one(p : gt)           = MCL_BLS12_381.gt_is_one((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12))
+  function pairing(p : g1, q : g2)     = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.pairing((p.x, p.y, p.z), ((q.x.x1, q.x.x2), (q.y.x1, q.y.x2), (q.z.x1, q.z.x2))))
+  function miller_loop(p : g1, q : g2) = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.miller_loop((p.x, p.y, p.z), ((q.x.x1, q.x.x2), (q.y.x1, q.y.x2), (q.z.x1, q.z.x2))))
+  function final_exp(p : gt)           = pack_gt(MCL_BLS12_381.final_exp((p.x1, p.x2, p.x3, p.x4, p.x5, p.x6, p.x7, p.x8, p.x9, p.x10, p.x11, p.x12)))

priv/stdlib/Frac.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+namespace Frac =
+
+  private function gcd(a : int, b : int) =
+    if (b == 0) a else gcd(b, a mod b)
+
+  private function abs_int(a : int) = if (a < 0) -a else a
+
+  datatype frac = Pos(int, int) | Zero | Neg(int, int)
+
+/** Checks if the internal representation is correct.
+  * Numerator and denominator must be positive.
+  * Exposed for debug purposes
+  */
+  function is_sane(f : frac) : bool = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => n > 0 && d > 0
+    Zero => true
+    Neg(n, d) => n > 0 && d > 0
+
+  function num(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, _) => n
+    Neg(n, _) => -n
+    Zero      => 0
+
+  function den(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(_, d) => d
+    Neg(_, d) => d
+    Zero      => 1
+
+  function to_pair(f : frac) : int * int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => (n, d)
+    Neg(n, d) => (-n, d)
+    Zero      => (0, 1)
+
+  function sign(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(_, _) => 1
+    Neg(_, _) => -1
+    Zero      => 0
+
+  function to_str(f : frac) : string = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => String.concat(Int.to_str(n), if (d == 1) "" else String.concat("/", Int.to_str(d)))
+    Neg(n, d) => String.concat("-", to_str(Pos(n, d)))
+    Zero      => "0"
+
+/** Reduce fraction to normal form
+ */
+  function simplify(f : frac) : frac =
+    switch(f)
+      Neg(n, d) =>
+        let cd = gcd(n, d)
+        Neg(n / cd, d / cd)
+      Zero  => Zero
+      Pos(n, d)  =>
+        let cd = gcd(n, d)
+        Pos(n / cd, d / cd)
+
+/** Integer to rational division
+ */
+  function make_frac(n : int, d : int) : frac =
+    if (d == 0) abort("Zero denominator")
+    elif (n == 0) Zero
+    elif ((n < 0) == (d < 0)) simplify(Pos(abs_int(n), abs_int(d)))
+    else simplify(Neg(abs_int(n), abs_int(d)))
+
+  function one() : frac = Pos(1, 1)
+  function zero() : frac = Zero
+
+  function eq(a : frac, b : frac) : bool =
+    let (na, da) = to_pair(a)
+    let (nb, db) = to_pair(b)
+    (na == nb && da == db) || na * db == nb * da // they are more likely to be normalized
+
+  function neq(a : frac, b : frac) : bool =
+    let (na, da) = to_pair(a)
+    let (nb, db) = to_pair(b)
+    (na != nb || da != db) && na * db != nb * da
+
+  function geq(a : frac, b : frac) : bool = num(a) * den(b) >= num(b) * den(a)
+
+  function leq(a : frac, b : frac) : bool = num(a) * den(b) =< num(b) * den(a)
+
+  function gt(a : frac, b : frac) : bool = num(a) * den(b) > num(b) * den(a)
+
+  function lt(a : frac, b : frac) : bool = num(a) * den(b) < num(b) * den(a)
+
+  function min(a : frac, b : frac) : frac = if (leq(a, b)) a else b 
+
+  function max(a : frac, b : frac) : frac = if (geq(a, b)) a else b 
+
+  function abs(f : frac) : frac = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => Pos(n, d)
+    Zero      => Zero
+    Neg(n, d) => Pos(n, d)
+
+  function from_int(n : int) : frac =
+    if   (n > 0) Pos(n, 1)
+    elif (n < 0) Neg(-n, 1)
+    else Zero
+
+  function floor(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => n / d
+    Zero      => 0
+    Neg(n, d) => -(n + d - 1) / d
+
+  function ceil(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => (n + d - 1) / d
+    Zero      => 0
+    Neg(n, d) => -n / d
+  
+  function round_to_zero(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => n / d
+    Zero      => 0
+    Neg(n, d) => -n / d
+
+  function round_from_zero(f : frac) : int = switch(f)
+    Pos(n, d) => (n + d - 1) / d
+    Zero      => 0
+    Neg(n, d) => -(n + d - 1) / d
+
+/** Round towards nearest integer. If two integers are in the same
+ * distance, choose the even one.
+ */
+  function round(f : frac) : int =
+    let fl = floor(f)
+    let cl = ceil(f)
+    let dif_fl = abs(sub(f, from_int(fl)))
+    let dif_cl = abs(sub(f, from_int(cl)))
+    if   (gt(dif_fl, dif_cl)) cl
+    elif (gt(dif_cl, dif_fl)) fl
+    elif (fl mod 2 == 0) fl
+    else cl
+
+  function add(a : frac, b : frac) : frac =
+    let (na, da) = to_pair(a)
+    let (nb, db) = to_pair(b)
+    if   (da == db) make_frac(na + nb, da)
+    else make_frac(na * db + nb * da, da * db)
+
+  function neg(a : frac) : frac = switch(a)
+    Neg(n, d) => Pos(n, d)
+    Zero      => Zero
+    Pos(n, d) => Neg(n, d)
+
+  function sub(a : frac, b : frac) : frac = add(a, neg(b))
+
+  function inv(a : frac) : frac = switch(a)
+    Neg(n, d) => Neg(d, n)
+    Zero      => abort("Inversion of zero")
+    Pos(n, d) => Pos(d, n)
+
+  function mul(a : frac, b : frac) : frac = make_frac(num(a) * num(b), den(a) * den(b))
+
+  function div(a : frac, b : frac) : frac = switch(b)
+    Neg(n, d) => mul(a, Neg(d, n))
+    Zero      => abort("Division by zero")
+    Pos(n, d) => mul(a, Pos(d, n))
+
+/** `b` to the power of `e`
+ */
+  function int_exp(b : frac, e : int) : frac =
+    if (sign(b) == 0 && e == 0) abort("Zero to the zero exponentation")
+    elif (e < 0) inv(int_exp_(b, -e))
+    else int_exp_(b, e)
+  private function int_exp_(b : frac, e : int) =
+      if (e == 0) from_int(1)
+      elif (e == 1) b
+      else
+        let half = int_exp_(b, e / 2)
+        if (e mod 2 == 1) mul(mul(half, half), b)
+        else mul(half, half)
+
+/** Reduces the fraction's in-memory size by dividing its components by two until the
+ * the error is bigger than `loss` value
+ */
+  function optimize(f : frac, loss : frac) : frac =
+    require(geq(loss, Zero), "negative loss optimize")
+    let s = sign(f)
+    mul(from_int(s), run_optimize(abs(f), abs(f), loss))
+  private function run_optimize(orig : frac, f : frac, loss : frac) : frac =
+    let (n, d) = to_pair(f)
+    let t = make_frac((n+1)/2, (d+1)/2)
+    if(gt(abs(sub(t, orig)), loss)) f
+    elif (eq(t, f)) f
+    else run_optimize(orig, t, loss)

priv/stdlib/Func.aes

@@ -12,35 +12,66 @@ namespace Func =
 
   function rapply(x : 'a, f : 'a => 'b) : 'b = f(x)
 
-  /* The Z combinator - replacement for local and anonymous recursion.
-   */
+/** The Z combinator - replacement for local and anonymous recursion.
+  */
   function recur(f : ('arg => 'res, 'arg) => 'res) : 'arg => 'res =
     (x) => f(recur(f), x)
 
+/** n-times composition with itself
+ */
   function iter(n : int, f : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a = iter_(n, f, (x) => x)
   private function iter_(n : int, f : 'a => 'a, acc : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a =
     if(n == 0) acc
     elif(n == 1) comp(f, acc)
     else iter_(n / 2, comp(f, f), if(n mod 2 == 0) acc else comp(f, acc))
 
-  function curry2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : 'a => ('b => 'c) =
+/** Turns an ugly, bad and disgusting arity-n function into
+ * a beautiful and sweet function taking the first argument
+ * and returning a function watiting for the remaining ones
+ * in the same manner
+ */
+  function curry2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'x) : 'a => ('b => 'x) =
     (x) => (y) => f(x, y)
-  function curry3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd)) =
+  function curry3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'x) : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'x)) =
     (x) => (y) => (z) => f(x, y, z)
+  function curry4(f : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd) => 'x) : 'a => ('b => ('c => ('d => 'x))) =
+    (x) => (y) => (z) => (w) => f(x, y, z, w)
+  function curry5(f : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd, 'e) => 'x) : 'a => ('b => ('c => ('d => ('e => 'x)))) =
+    (x) => (y) => (z) => (w) => (q) => f(x, y, z, w, q)
 
-  function uncurry2(f : 'a => ('b => 'c)) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+/** Opposite of curry. Gross
+ */
+  function uncurry2(f : 'a => ('b => 'x)) : ('a, 'b) => 'x =
     (x, y) => f(x)(y)
-  function uncurry3(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd))) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+  function uncurry3(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'x))) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'x =
     (x, y, z) => f(x)(y)(z)
+  function uncurry4(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => ('d => 'x)))) : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd) => 'x =
+    (x, y, z, w) => f(x)(y)(z)(w)
+  function uncurry5(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => ('d => ('e => 'x))))) : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd, 'e) => 'x =
+    (x, y, z, w, q) => f(x)(y)(z)(w)(q)
 
-  function tuplify2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : (('a * 'b)) => 'c =
+/** Turns an arity-n function into a function taking n-tuple
+ */
+  function tuplify2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'x) : (('a * 'b)) => 'x =
     (t) => switch(t)
       (x, y) => f(x, y)
-  function tuplify3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd =
+  function tuplify3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'x) : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'x =
     (t) => switch(t)
       (x, y, z) => f(x, y, z)
+  function tuplify4(f : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd) => 'x) : 'a * 'b * 'c * 'd => 'x =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y, z, w) => f(x, y, z, w)
+  function tuplify5(f : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd, 'e) => 'x) : 'a * 'b * 'c * 'd * 'e => 'x =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y, z, w, q) => f(x, y, z, w, q)
 
-  function untuplify2(f : 'a * 'b => 'c) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+/** Opposite of tuplify
+ */
+  function untuplify2(f : 'a * 'b => 'x) : ('a, 'b) => 'x =
     (x, y) => f((x, y))
-  function untuplify3(f : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+  function untuplify3(f : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'x) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'x =
     (x, y, z) => f((x, y, z))
+  function untuplify4(f : 'a * 'b * 'c * 'd => 'x) : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd) => 'x =
+    (x, y, z, w) => f((x, y, z, w))
+  function untuplify5(f : 'a * 'b * 'c * 'd * 'e => 'x) : ('a, 'b, 'c, 'd, 'e) => 'x =
+    (x, y, z, w, q) => f((x, y, z, w, q))

priv/stdlib/List.aes

@@ -15,22 +15,42 @@ namespace List =
     _::t => Some(t)
 
   function last(l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
-    []  => None
-    [x] => Some(x)
+    []   => None
+    [x]  => Some(x)
     _::t => last(t)
 
+  function drop_last(l : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
+    [] => None
+    _  => Some(drop_last_unsafe(l))
+
+  function drop_last_unsafe(l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    [_]  => []
+    h::t => h::drop_last_unsafe(t)
+    []   => abort("drop_last_unsafe: list empty")
+
+
+  function contains(e : 'a, l : list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => false
+    h::t => h == e || contains(e, t)
+
+/** Finds first element of `l` fulfilling predicate `p` as `Some` or `None`
+ * if no such element exists.
+ */
   function find(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
     []   => None
     h::t => if(p(h)) Some(h) else find(p, t)
 
-  function find_indices(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list(int) = find_indices_(p, l, 0, [])
+/** Returns list of all indices of elements from `l` that fulfill the predicate `p`.
+ */
+  function find_indices(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list(int) = find_indices_(p, l, 0)
   private function find_indices_( p : 'a => bool
                                 , l : list('a)
                                 , n : int
-                                , acc : list(int)
                                 ) : list(int) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    h::t => find_indices_(p, t, n+1, if(p(h)) n::acc else acc)
+    []   => []
+    h::t =>
+     let rest = find_indices_(p, t, n+1)
+     if(p(h)) n::rest else rest
 
   function nth(n : int, l : list('a)) : option('a) =
     switch(l)
@@ -50,41 +70,53 @@ namespace List =
     _::t => length_(t, acc + 1)
 
 
+/** Creates an ascending sequence of all integer numbers
+ * between `a` and `b` (including `a` and `b`)
+ */
   function from_to(a : int, b : int) : list(int) = [a..b]
 
-  function from_to_step(a : int, b : int, s : int) : list(int) = from_to_step_(a, b, s, [])
-  private function from_to_step_(a, b, s, acc) =
-    if (a > b) reverse(acc) else from_to_step_(a + s, b, s, a :: acc)
+/** Creates an ascending sequence of integer numbers betweeen
+ * `a` and `b` jumping by given `step`. Includes `a` and takes
+ * `b` only if `(b - a) mod step == 0`. `step` should be bigger than 0.
+ */
+  function from_to_step(a : int, b : int, s : int) : list(int) =
+    from_to_step_(a, b - (b-a) mod s, s, [])
+  private function from_to_step_(a : int, b : int, s : int, acc : list(int)) : list(int) =
+    if(b < a) acc
+    else from_to_step_(a, b - s, s, b::acc)
 
 
-  /* Unsafe. Replaces `n`th element of `l` with `e`. Crashes on over/underflow */
+/** Unsafe. Replaces `n`th element of `l` with `e`. Crashes on over/underflow
+ */
   function replace_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
-    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else replace_at_(n, e, l, [])
-  private function replace_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else replace_at_(n, e, l)
+  private function replace_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
    switch(l)
      []   => abort("replace_at overflow")
-     h::t => if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ t
-             else replace_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+     h::t => if (n == 0) e::t
+             else h::replace_at_(n-1, e, t)
 
-  /* Unsafe. Adds `e` to `l` to be its `n`th element. Crashes on over/underflow */
+/** Unsafe. Adds `e` to `l` to be its `n`th element. Crashes on over/underflow
+ */
   function insert_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
-    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else insert_at_(n, e, l, [])
-  private function insert_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
-   if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ l
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else insert_at_(n, e, l)
+  private function insert_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if (n == 0) e::l
    else switch(l)
      []   => abort("insert_at overflow")
-     h::t => insert_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+     h::t => h::insert_at_(n-1, e, t)
 
+/** Assuming that cmp represents `<` comparison, inserts `x` before
+ * the first element in the list `l` which is greater than it
+ */
   function insert_by(cmp : (('a, 'a) => bool), x : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
-    insert_by_(cmp, x, l, [])
-  private function insert_by_(cmp : (('a, 'a) => bool), x : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
     switch(l)
-      []   => reverse(x::acc)
+      []   => [x]
       h::t =>
         if(cmp(x, h)) // x < h
-          reverse(acc) ++ (x::l)
+          x::l
         else
-          insert_by_(cmp, x, t, h::acc)
+          h::insert_by(cmp, x, t)
 
 
   function foldr(cons : ('a, 'b) => 'b, nil : 'b, l : list('a)) : 'b = switch(l)
@@ -102,61 +134,71 @@ namespace List =
        f(e)
        foreach(l', f)
 
-  function reverse(l : list('a)) : list('a) = foldl((lst, el) => el :: lst, [], l)
+  function reverse(l : list('a)) : list('a) = reverse_(l, [])
+  private function reverse_(l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    [] => acc
+    h::t => reverse_(t, h::acc)
 
-  function map(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a)) : list('b) = map_(f, l, [])
-  private function map_(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a), acc : list('b)) : list('b) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    h::t => map_(f, t, f(h)::acc)
+  function map(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a)) : list('b) = switch(l)
+    [] => []
+    h::t => f(h)::map(f, t)
 
+/** Effectively composition of `map` and `flatten`
+ */
   function flat_map(f : 'a => list('b), l : list('a)) : list('b) =
     ListInternal.flat_map(f, l)
 
-  function filter(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = filter_(p, l, [])
-  private function filter_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    h::t => filter_(p, t, if(p(h)) h::acc else acc)
+  function filter(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t =>
+      let rest = filter(p, t)
+      if(p(h)) h::rest else rest
 
-  /* Take `n` first elements */
+/** Take up to `n` first elements
+ */
   function take(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
-    if(n < 0) abort("Take negative number of elements") else take_(n, l, [])
-  private function take_(n : int, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
-    if(n == 0) reverse(acc)
+    if(n < 0) abort("Take negative number of elements") else take_(n, l)
+  private function take_(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n == 0) []
     else switch(l)
-      []   => reverse(acc)
-      h::t => take_(n-1, t, h::acc)
+      []   => []
+      h::t => h::take_(n-1, t)
 
-  /* Drop `n` first elements */
+/** Drop up to `n` first elements
+ */
   function drop(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
-   if(n < 0) abort("Drop negative number of elements")
-   elif (n == 0) l
+   if(n < 0) abort("Drop negative number of elements") else drop_(n, l)
+  private function drop_(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if (n == 0) l
    else switch(l)
       []   => []
-      h::t => drop(n-1, t)
+      h::t => drop_(n-1, t)
 
-  /* Get the longest prefix of a list in which every element matches predicate `p` */
-  function take_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = take_while_(p, l, [])
-  private function take_while_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    h::t => if(p(h)) take_while_(p, t, h::acc) else reverse(acc)
+/** Get the longest prefix of a list in which every element
+ * matches predicate `p`
+ */
+  function take_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => if(p(h)) h::take_while(p, t) else []
 
-  /* Drop elements from `l` until `p` holds */
+/** Drop elements from `l` until `p` holds
+ */
   function drop_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
     []   => []
     h::t => if(p(h)) drop_while(p, t) else l
 
-  /* Splits list into two lists of elements that respectively match and don't match predicate `p` */
-  function partition(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : (list('a) * list('a)) = partition_(p, l, [], [])
-  private function partition_( p : 'a => bool
-                             , l : list('a)
-                             , acc_t : list('a)
-                             , acc_f : list('a)
-                             ) : (list('a) * list('a)) = switch(l)
-    []   => (reverse(acc_t), reverse(acc_f))
-    h::t => if(p(h)) partition_(p, t, h::acc_t, acc_f) else partition_(p, t, acc_t, h::acc_f)
+/** Splits list into two lists of elements that respectively
+ * match and don't match predicate `p`
+ */
+  function partition(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : (list('a) * list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => ([], [])
+    h::t =>
+      let (l, r) = partition(p, t)
+      if(p(h)) (h::l, r) else (l, h::r)
 
-
-  function flatten(ll : list(list('a))) : list('a) = foldr((l1, l2) => l1 ++ l2, [], ll)
+  function flatten(l : list(list('a))) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => h ++ flatten(t)
 
   function all(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
     []   => true
@@ -171,44 +213,100 @@ namespace List =
   function product(l : list(int)) : int = foldl((a, b) => a * b, 1, l)
 
 
-  /* Zips two list by applying bimapping function on respective elements. Drops longer tail. */
-  function zip_with(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c, l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('c) = zip_with_(f, l1, l2, [])
-  private function zip_with_( f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
+/** Zips two list by applying bimapping function on respective elements.
+ * Drops the tail of the longer list.
+ */
+  private function zip_with( f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
                             , l1 : list('a)
                             , l2 : list('b)
-                            , acc : list('c)
                             ) : list('c) = switch ((l1, l2))
-    (h1::t1, h2::t2) => zip_with_(f, t1, t2, f(h1, h2)::acc)
-    _ => reverse(acc)
+    (h1::t1, h2::t2) => f(h1, h2)::zip_with(f, t1, t2)
+    _ => []
 
-  /* Zips two lists into list of pairs. Drops longer tail. */
+/** Zips two lists into list of pairs.
+ * Drops the tail of the longer list.
+ */
   function zip(l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('a * 'b) = zip_with((a, b) => (a, b), l1, l2)
 
-  function unzip(l : list('a * 'b)) : list('a) * list('b) = unzip_(l, [], [])
-  private function unzip_( l     : list('a * 'b)
-                         , acc_l : list('a)
-                         , acc_r : list('b)
-                         ) : (list('a) * list('b)) = switch(l)
-    []               => (reverse(acc_l), reverse(acc_r))
-    (left, right)::t => unzip_(t, left::acc_l, right::acc_r)
+  function unzip(l : list('a * 'b)) : (list('a) * list('b)) = switch(l)
+    []          => ([], [])
+    (h1, h2)::t =>
+      let (t1, t2) = unzip(t)
+      (h1::t1, h2::t2)
 
 
-  // TODO: Improve?
-  function sort(lesser_cmp : ('a, 'a) => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+  /** Merges two sorted lists using `lt` comparator
+   */
+  function
+    merge : (('a, 'a) => bool, list('a), list('a)) => list('a)
+    merge(lt, x::xs, y::ys) =
+      if(lt(x, y)) x::merge(lt, xs, y::ys)
+      else y::merge(lt, x::xs, ys)
+    merge(_, [], ys) = ys
+    merge(_, xs, []) = xs
+
+
+  /** Mergesort inspired by
+   * https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.14.1.0/docs/src/Data.OldList.html#sort
+   */
+  function
+    sort : (('a, 'a) => bool, list('a)) => list('a)
+    sort(_, []) = []
+    sort(lt, l) =
+      merge_all(lt, monotonic_subs(lt, l))
+
+  /** Splits list into compound increasing sublists
+   */
+  private function
+    monotonic_subs : (('a, 'a) => bool, list('a)) => list(list('a))
+    monotonic_subs(lt, x::y::rest) =
+      if(lt(y, x)) desc(lt, y, [x], rest)
+      else asc(lt, y, [x], rest)
+    monotonic_subs(_, l) = [l]
+
+  /** Extracts the longest descending prefix and proceeds with monotonic split
+   */
+  private function
+    desc : (('a, 'a) => bool, 'a, list('a), list('a)) => list(list('a))
+    desc(lt, x, acc, h::t) =
+      if(lt(x, h)) (x::acc) :: monotonic_subs(lt, h::t)
+      else desc(lt, h, x::acc, t)
+    desc(_, x, acc, []) = [x::acc]
+
+  /** Extracts the longest ascending prefix and proceeds with monotonic split
+   */
+  private function
+    asc : (('a, 'a) => bool, 'a, list('a), list('a)) => list(list('a))
+    asc(lt, x, acc, h::t) =
+      if(lt(h, x)) List.reverse(x::acc) :: monotonic_subs(lt, h::t)
+      else asc(lt, h, x::acc, t)
+    asc(_, x, acc, []) = [List.reverse(x::acc)]
+
+  /** Merges list of sorted lists
+   */
+  private function
+    merge_all : (('a, 'a) => bool, list(list('a))) => list('a)
+    merge_all(_, [part]) = part
+    merge_all(lt, parts) = merge_all(lt, merge_pairs(lt, parts))
+
+  /** Single round of `merge_all` – pairs of lists in a list of list
+   */
+  private function
+    merge_pairs : (('a, 'a) => bool, list(list('a))) => list(list('a))
+    merge_pairs(lt, x::y::rest) = merge(lt, x, y) :: merge_pairs(lt, rest)
+    merge_pairs(_, l) = l
+
+
+/** Puts `delim` between every two members of the list
+ */
+  function intersperse(delim : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
     []   => []
-    h::t => switch (partition((x) => lesser_cmp(x, h), t))
-      (lesser, bigger) => sort(lesser_cmp, lesser) ++ h::sort(lesser_cmp, bigger)
-
-
-  function intersperse(delim : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) = intersperse_(delim, l, [])
-  private function intersperse_(delim : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    [e]  => reverse(e::acc)
-    h::t => intersperse_(delim, t, delim::h::acc)
-
-
-  function enumerate(l : list('a)) : list(int * 'a) = enumerate_(l, 0, [])
-  private function enumerate_(l : list('a), n : int, acc : list(int * 'a)) : list(int * 'a) = switch(l)
-    []   => reverse(acc)
-    h::t => enumerate_(t, n + 1, (n, h)::acc)
+    [e]  => [e]
+    h::t => h::delim::intersperse(delim, t)
 
+/** Effectively a zip with an infinite sequence of natural numbers
+ */
+  function enumerate(l : list('a)) : list(int * 'a) = enumerate_(l, 0)
+  private function enumerate_(l : list('a), n : int) : list(int * 'a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => (n, h)::enumerate_(t, n + 1)

priv/stdlib/Option.aes

@@ -10,14 +10,23 @@ namespace Option =
     None => false
     Some(_) => true
 
-
+/** Catamorphism on `option`. Also known as inlined pattern matching.
+ */
   function match(n : 'b, s : 'a => 'b, o : option('a)) : 'b = switch(o)
     None => n
     Some(x) => s(x)
 
+/** Escape option providing default if `None`
+ */
   function default(def : 'a, o : option('a)) : 'a = match(def, (x) => x, o)
 
-  function force(o : option('a)) : 'a = default(abort("Forced None value"), o)
+/** Assume it is `Some`
+ */
+  function force(o : option('a)) : 'a = switch(o)
+    None    => abort("Forced None value")
+    Some(x) => x
+
+  function contains(e : 'a, o : option('a)) = o == Some(e)
 
   function on_elem(o : option('a), f : 'a => unit) : unit = match((), f, o)
 
@@ -40,10 +49,14 @@ namespace Option =
     (Some(x1), Some(x2), Some(x3)) => Some(f(x1, x2, x3))
     _ => None
 
+/** Like `map`, but the function is in `option`
+ */
   function app_over(f : option ('a => 'b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch((f, o))
     (Some(ff), Some(xx)) => Some(ff(xx))
     _ => None
 
+/** Monadic bind
+ */
   function flat_map(f : 'a => option('b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch(o)
     None => None
     Some(x) => f(x)
@@ -53,24 +66,33 @@ namespace Option =
     None => []
     Some(x) => [x]
 
-  function filter_options(l : list(option('a))) : list('a) = filter_options_(l, [])
-  private function filter_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
-    []         => List.reverse(acc)
-    None::t    => filter_options_(t, acc)
-    Some(x)::t => filter_options_(t, x::acc)
+/** Turns list of options into a list of elements that are under `Some`s.
+ * Safe.
+ */
+  function filter_options(l : list(option('a))) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []         => []
+    None::t    => filter_options(t)
+    Some(x)::t => x::filter_options(t)
 
-  function seq_options(l : list (option('a))) : option (list('a)) = seq_options_(l, [])
-  private function seq_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
-    []         => Some(List.reverse(acc))
-    None::t    => None
-    Some(x)::t => seq_options_(t, x::acc)
+/** Just like `filter_options` but requires all elements to be `Some` and returns
+ * None if any of them is not
+ */
+  function seq_options(l : list (option('a))) : option (list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []         => Some([])
+    None::_    => None
+    Some(x)::t => switch(seq_options(t))
+      None => None
+      Some(st) => Some(x::st)
 
 
+/** Choose `Some` out of two if possible
+ */
   function choose(o1 : option('a), o2 : option('a)) : option('a) =
     if(is_some(o1)) o1 else o2
 
+/** Choose `Some` from list of options if possible
+ */
   function choose_first(l : list(option('a))) : option('a) = switch(l)
     [] => None
     None::t    => choose_first(t)
     Some(x)::_ => Some(x)
-

priv/stdlib/Pair.aes

@@ -6,12 +6,18 @@ namespace Pair =
   function snd(t : ('a * 'b)) : 'b = switch(t)
     (_, y) => y
 
+/** Map over first
+ */
   function map1(f : 'a => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'b) = switch(t)
     (x, y) => (f(x), y)
 
+/** Map over second
+ */
   function map2(f : 'b => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('a * 'c) = switch(t)
     (x, y) => (x, f(y))
 
+/** Map over both
+ */
   function bimap(f : 'a => 'c, g : 'b => 'd, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'd) = switch(t)
     (x, y) => (f(x), g(y))
 

priv/stdlib/String.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+include "List.aes"
+namespace String =
+  // Computes the SHA3/Keccak hash of the string
+  function sha3(s : string) : hash    = StringInternal.sha3(s)
+  // Computes the SHA256 hash of the string.
+  function sha256(s : string) : hash  = StringInternal.sha256(s)
+  // Computes the Blake2B hash of the string.
+  function blake2b(s : string) : hash = StringInternal.blake2b(s)
+
+  // The length of a string - equivalent to List.lenght(to_list(s))
+  function length(s : string) : int = StringInternal.length(s)
+  // Concatenates `s1` and `s2`.
+  function concat(s1 : string, s2 : string) : string = StringInternal.concat(s1, s2)
+  // Concatenates a list of strings.
+  function
+    concats : (list(string)) => string
+    concats([])      = ""
+    concats(s :: ss) = List.foldl(StringInternal.concat, s, ss)
+
+  // Converts a `string` to a list of `char` - the code points are normalized, but
+  // composite characters are possibly converted to multiple `char`s.
+  function from_list(cs : list(char)) : string = StringInternal.from_list(cs)
+  // Converts a list of characters into a normalized UTF-8 string.
+  function to_list(s : string) : list(char) = StringInternal.to_list(s)
+
+  // Converts a string to lowercase.
+  function to_lower(s : string) = StringInternal.to_lower(s)
+  // Converts a string to uppercase.
+  function to_upper(s : string) = StringInternal.to_upper(s)
+
+  // Splits a string at (zero-based) index `ix`.
+  function split(i : int, s : string) : string * string =
+    let cs = StringInternal.to_list(s)
+    (StringInternal.from_list(List.take(i, cs)), StringInternal.from_list(List.drop(i, cs)))
+
+  // Returns the character/codepoint at (zero-based) index `ix`.
+  function at(ix : int, s : string) =
+    switch(List.drop(ix, StringInternal.to_list(s)))
+      []     => None
+      x :: _ => Some(x)
+
+  // Searches for `pat` in `str`, returning `Some(ix)` if `pat` is a substring
+  // of `str` starting at position `ix`, otherwise returns `None`.
+  function contains(str : string, substr : string) : option(int) =
+    if(substr == "") Some(0)
+    else
+      contains_(0, StringInternal.to_list(str), StringInternal.to_list(substr))
+
+  // Splits `s` into tokens, `pat` is the divider of tokens.
+  function tokens(s : string, pat : string) =
+    require(pat != "", "String.tokens: empty pattern")
+    tokens_(StringInternal.to_list(pat), StringInternal.to_list(s), [])
+
+  // Converts a decimal ("123", "-253") or a hexadecimal ("0xa2f", "-0xBBB") string
+  // into an integer. If the string doesn't contain a valid number `None` is returned.
+  function to_int(s : string) : option(int) =
+    let s = StringInternal.to_list(s)
+    switch(is_prefix(['-'], s))
+      None    => to_int_pos(s)
+      Some(s) => switch(to_int_pos(s))
+                   None => None
+                   Some(x) => Some(-x)
+
+  // Private helper functions below
+  private function to_int_pos(s : list(char)) =
+    switch(is_prefix(['0', 'x'], s))
+      None =>
+        to_int_(s, ch_to_int_10, 0, 10)
+      Some(s) =>
+        to_int_(s, ch_to_int_16, 0, 16)
+
+  private function
+    tokens_(_, [], acc) = [StringInternal.from_list(List.reverse(acc))]
+    tokens_(pat, str, acc) =
+      switch(is_prefix(pat, str))
+        Some(str') =>
+          StringInternal.from_list(List.reverse(acc)) :: tokens_(pat, str', [])
+        None =>
+          let c :: cs = str
+          tokens_(pat, cs, c :: acc)
+
+  private function
+    contains_(_, [], _) = None
+    contains_(ix, str, substr) =
+      switch(is_prefix(substr, str))
+        None =>
+          let _ :: str = str
+          contains_(ix + 1, str, substr)
+        Some(_) =>
+          Some(ix)
+
+  private function
+    is_prefix([], ys) = Some(ys)
+    is_prefix(_, [])  = None
+    is_prefix(x :: xs, y :: ys) =
+      if(x == y) is_prefix(xs, ys)
+      else       None
+
+  private function
+    to_int_([], _, x, _) = Some(x)
+    to_int_(i :: is, value, x, b) =
+      switch(value(i))
+        None => None
+        Some(i) => to_int_(is, value, x * b + i, b)
+
+  private function ch_to_int_10(c) =
+    let c = Char.to_int(c)
+    if(c >= 48 && c =< 57) Some(c - 48)
+    else None
+
+  private function ch_to_int_16(c) =
+    let c = Char.to_int(c)
+    if(c >= 48 && c =< 57)    Some(c - 48)
+    elif(c >= 65 && c =< 70)  Some(c - 55)
+    elif(c >= 97 && c =< 102) Some(c - 87)
+    else None
+

priv/stdlib/Triple.aes

@@ -10,15 +10,23 @@ namespace Triple =
     (_, _, z) => z
 
 
+/** Map over first
+ */
   function map1(f : 'a => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('m * 'b * 'c) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (f(x), y, z)
 
+/** Map over second
+ */
   function map2(f : 'b => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'm * 'c) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (x, f(y), z)
 
+/** Map over third
+ */
   function map3(f : 'c => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'b * 'm) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (x, y, f(z))
 
+/** Map over all elements
+ */
   function trimap( f : 'a => 'x
                  , g : 'b => 'y
                  , h : 'c => 'z
@@ -29,9 +37,13 @@ namespace Triple =
   function swap(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'b * 'a) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (z, y, x)
 
+/** Right rotation
+ */
   function rotr(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'a * 'b) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (z, x, y)
 
+/** Left rotation
+ */
   function rotl(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('b * 'c * 'a) = switch(t)
     (x, y, z) => (y, z, x)
 

rebar.config

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 {erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
 
-{deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git", {ref,"a66dc0a"}}}
+{deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git", {ref,"7f0d309"}}}
        , {getopt, "1.0.1"}
        , {eblake2, "1.0.0"}
        , {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
             {base_plt_apps, [erts, kernel, stdlib, crypto, mnesia]}
            ]}.
 
-{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "4.0.0-rc3"},
+{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "5.0.0"},
          [aesophia, aebytecode, getopt]},
 
         {dev_mode, true},

rebar.lock

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {"1.1.0",
 [{<<"aebytecode">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git",
-       {ref,"a66dc0a97facdeaad7e5403018ad195d989e4793"}},
+       {ref,"7f0d3090d4dc6c4d5fca7645b0c21eb0e65ad208"}},
   0},
  {<<"aeserialization">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aeserialization.git",

src/aeso_aci.erl

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@
         , contract_interface/2
         , contract_interface/3
 
+        , from_typed_ast/2
+
         , render_aci_json/1
 
         , json_encode_expr/1
@@ -23,6 +25,8 @@
 -type json()      :: jsx:json_term().
 -type json_text() :: binary().
 
+-export_type([aci_type/0]).
+
 %% External API
 -spec file(aci_type(), string()) -> {ok, json() | string()} | {error, term()}.
 file(Type, File) ->
@@ -65,18 +69,20 @@ do_contract_interface(Type, ContractString, Options) ->
     try
         Ast = aeso_compiler:parse(ContractString, Options),
         %% io:format("~p\n", [Ast]),
-        TypedAst = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [dont_unfold]),
+        {TypedAst, _} = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [dont_unfold | Options]),
         %% io:format("~p\n", [TypedAst]),
-        JArray = [ encode_contract(C) || C <- TypedAst ],
-
-        case Type of
-            json   -> {ok, JArray};
-            string -> do_render_aci_json(JArray)
-        end
+        from_typed_ast(Type, TypedAst)
     catch
         throw:{error, Errors} -> {error, Errors}
     end.
 
+from_typed_ast(Type, TypedAst) ->
+    JArray = [ encode_contract(C) || C <- TypedAst ],
+    case Type of
+        json   -> {ok, JArray};
+        string -> do_render_aci_json(JArray)
+    end.
+
 encode_contract(Contract = {contract, _, {con, _, Name}, _}) ->
     C0 = #{name => encode_name(Name)},
 
@@ -129,7 +135,7 @@ encode_anon_args(Types) ->
 
 encode_args(Args) -> [ encode_arg(A) || A <- Args ].
 
-encode_arg({arg, _, Id, T}) ->
+encode_arg({typed, _, Id, T}) ->
     #{name => encode_type(Id),
       type => encode_type(T)}.
 
@@ -194,6 +200,8 @@ encode_expr({bytes, _, B})  ->
 encode_expr({Lit, _, L}) when Lit == oracle_pubkey; Lit == oracle_query_id;
                               Lit == contract_pubkey; Lit == account_pubkey ->
     aeser_api_encoder:encode(Lit, L);
+encode_expr({app, _, {'-', _}, [{int, _, N}]}) ->
+  encode_expr({int, [], -N});
 encode_expr({app, _, F, As}) ->
     Ef = encode_expr(F),
     Eas = encode_exprs(As),

src/aeso_ast_to_icode.erl

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ contract_to_icode([Decl | Code], Icode) ->
 ast_id({id, _, Id}) -> Id;
 ast_id({qid, _, Id}) -> Id.
 
-ast_args([{arg, _, Name, Type}|Rest], Acc, Icode) ->
+ast_args([{typed, _, Name, Type}|Rest], Acc, Icode) ->
     ast_args(Rest, [{ast_id(Name), ast_typerep1(Type, Icode)}| Acc], Icode);
 ast_args([], Acc, _Icode) -> lists:reverse(Acc).
 
@@ -318,19 +318,23 @@ ast_body({app, As, Fun, Args}, Icode) ->
     end;
 ast_body({list_comp, _, Yield, []}, Icode) ->
     #list{elems = [ast_body(Yield, Icode)]};
-ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, Arg, ArgType}, BindExpr}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, _, Pat, ArgType}, BindExpr}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    Arg  = "%lc",
+    Body = {switch, As, {typed, As, {id, As, Arg}, ArgType},
+                [{'case', As, Pat, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}},
+                 {'case', As, {id, As, "_"}, {list, As, []}}]},
     #funcall
         { function = #var_ref{ name = ["ListInternal", "flat_map"] }
         , args =
-              [ #lambda{ args=[#arg{name = ast_id(Arg), type = ast_type(ArgType, Icode)}]
-                       , body = ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, Icode)
+              [ #lambda{ args=[#arg{name = Arg, type = ast_type(ArgType, Icode)}]
+                       , body = ast_body(Body, Icode)
                        }
               , ast_body(BindExpr, Icode)
               ]
         };
 ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_if, AsIF, Cond}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
     ast_body({'if', AsIF, Cond, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, {list, As, []}}, Icode);
-ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LV = {letval, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LV = {letval, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
     ast_body({block, As, [LV, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
 ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LF = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
     ast_body({block, As, [LF, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
@@ -344,14 +348,16 @@ ast_body({switch,_,A,Cases}, Icode) ->
     #switch{expr=ast_body(A, Icode),
             cases=[{ast_body(Pat, Icode),ast_body(Body, Icode)}
               || {'case',_,Pat,Body} <- Cases]};
-ast_body({block, As, [{letval, _, Pat, _, E} | Rest]}, Icode) ->
+ast_body({block, As, [{letval, _, Pat, E} | Rest]}, Icode) ->
     E1    = ast_body(E, Icode),
     Pat1  = ast_body(Pat, Icode),
     Rest1 = ast_body({block, As, Rest}, Icode),
     #switch{expr  = E1,
             cases = [{Pat1, Rest1}]};
 ast_body({block, As, [{letfun, Ann, F, Args, _Type, Expr} | Rest]}, Icode) ->
-    ast_body({block, As, [{letval, Ann, F, unused, {lam, Ann, Args, Expr}} | Rest]}, Icode);
+    ToArg   = fun({typed, Ann1, Id, T}) -> {arg, Ann1, Id, T} end,    %% Pattern matching has been desugared
+    LamArgs = lists:map(ToArg, Args),
+    ast_body({block, As, [{letval, Ann, F, {lam, Ann, LamArgs, Expr}} | Rest]}, Icode);
 ast_body({block,_,[]}, _Icode) ->
     #tuple{cpts=[]};
 ast_body({block,_,[E]}, Icode) ->
@@ -463,6 +469,7 @@ is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["AENS", "preclaim"]}, _Icode)                       ->
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["AENS", "claim"]}, _Icode)                          -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["AENS", "transfer"]}, _Icode)                       -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["AENS", "revoke"]}, _Icode)                         -> true;
+is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["AENS", "update"]}, _Icode)                         -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Map", "lookup"]}, _Icode)                          -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Map", "lookup_default"]}, _Icode)                  -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Map", "member"]}, _Icode)                          -> true;
@@ -494,6 +501,7 @@ is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Address", "to_str"]}, _Icode)                      ->
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Address", "is_oracle"]}, _Icode)                   -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Address", "is_contract"]}, _Icode)                 -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Address", "is_payable"]}, _Icode)                  -> true;
+is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Address", "to_contract"]}, _Icode)                 -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Bytes", "to_int"]}, _Icode)                        -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Bytes", "to_str"]}, _Icode)                        -> true;
 is_builtin_fun({qid, _, ["Bytes", "concat"]}, _Icode)                        -> true;
@@ -617,6 +625,12 @@ builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["AENS", "revoke"]}, Args, _, _, Icode) ->
               [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
               [word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
 
+builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["AENS", "update"]}, Args, _, _, Icode) ->
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name, TTL, ClientTTL, Pointers]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_UPDATE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(TTL, Icode), ast_body(ClientTTL, Icode), ast_body(Pointers, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, string, word, word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+
 %% -- Maps
 %% -- lookup functions
 builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["Map", "lookup"]}, [Key, Map], _, _, Icode) ->
@@ -713,6 +727,8 @@ builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["Address", "is_contract"]}, [Addr], _, _, Icode) ->
 builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["Address", "is_payable"]}, [Addr], _, _, Icode) ->
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_PAYABLE, #integer{value = 0},
               [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
+builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["Address", "to_contract"]}, [Addr], _, _, Icode) ->
+    ast_body(Addr, Icode);
 
 builtin_code(_, {qid, _, ["Bytes", "to_int"]}, [Bytes], _, _, Icode) ->
     {typed, _, _, {bytes_t, _, N}} = Bytes,
@@ -797,10 +813,10 @@ check_entrypoint_type(Ann, Name, Args, Ret) ->
                     true  -> ok
                 end end,
     [ CheckFirstOrder(T, {invalid_entrypoint, higher_order, Ann1, Name, {argument, X, T}})
-      || {arg, Ann1, X, T} <- Args ],
+      || {typed, Ann1, X, T} <- Args ],
     CheckFirstOrder(Ret, {invalid_entrypoint, higher_order, Ann, Name, {result, Ret}}),
     [ CheckMonomorphic(T, {invalid_entrypoint, polymorphic, Ann1, Name, {argument, X, T}})
-      || {arg, Ann1, X, T} <- Args ],
+      || {typed, Ann1, X, T} <- Args ],
     CheckMonomorphic(Ret, {invalid_entrypoint, polymorphic, Ann, Name, {result, Ret}}).
 
 check_oracle_type(Ann, Type = ?oracle_t(QType, RType)) ->
@@ -918,11 +934,16 @@ ast_typerep1({variant_t, Cons}, Icode) ->
     {variant, [ begin
                   {constr_t, _, _, Args} = Con,
                   [ ast_typerep1(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]
-                end || Con <- Cons ]}.
+                end || Con <- Cons ]};
+ast_typerep1({if_t, _, _, _, Else}, Icode) ->
+    ast_typerep1(Else, Icode). %% protected remote calls are not in AEVM
 
 ttl_t(Icode) ->
     ast_typerep({qid, [], ["Chain", "ttl"]}, Icode).
 
+%% pointee_t(Icode) ->
+%%     ast_typerep({qid, [], ["AENS", "pointee"]}, Icode).
+
 sign_t() -> bytes_t(64).
 bytes_t(Len) when Len =< 32 -> word;
 bytes_t(Len)                -> {tuple, lists:duplicate((31 + Len) div 32, word)}.

src/aeso_compiler.erl

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
         , create_calldata/3  %% deprecated
         , create_calldata/4
         , version/0
+        , numeric_version/0
         , sophia_type_to_typerep/1
         , to_sophia_value/4  %% deprecated, need a backend
         , to_sophia_value/5
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@
         , decode_calldata/4
         , parse/2
         , add_include_path/2
+        , validate_byte_code/3
         ]).
 
 -include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
@@ -36,10 +38,13 @@
                 | pp_assembler
                 | pp_bytecode
                 | no_code
+                | keep_included
+                | debug_mode
                 | {backend, aevm | fate}
                 | {include, {file_system, [string()]} |
                             {explicit_files, #{string() => binary()}}}
-                | {src_file, string()}.
+                | {src_file, string()}
+                | {aci, aeso_aci:aci_type()}.
 -type options() :: [option()].
 
 -export_type([ option/0
@@ -65,6 +70,17 @@ version() ->
             {ok, list_to_binary(VsnString)}
     end.
 
+-spec numeric_version() -> {ok, [non_neg_integer()]} | {error, term()}.
+numeric_version() ->
+    case version() of
+        {ok, Bin} ->
+            [NoSuf | _] = binary:split(Bin, <<"-">>),
+            Numbers     = binary:split(NoSuf, <<".">>, [global]),
+            {ok, [binary_to_integer(Num) || Num <- Numbers]};
+        {error, _} = Err ->
+            Err
+    end.
+
 -spec file(string()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, [aeso_errors:error()]}.
 file(Filename) ->
     file(Filename, []).
@@ -102,7 +118,8 @@ from_string(Backend, ContractString, Options) ->
     end.
 
 from_string1(aevm, ContractString, Options) ->
-    #{icode := Icode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+    #{ icode := Icode
+     , folded_typed_ast := FoldedTypedAst } = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
     TypeInfo  = extract_type_info(Icode),
     Assembler = assemble(Icode, Options),
     pp_assembler(aevm, Assembler, Options),
@@ -110,47 +127,63 @@ from_string1(aevm, ContractString, Options) ->
     ByteCode = << << B:8 >> || B <- ByteCodeList >>,
     pp_bytecode(ByteCode, Options),
     {ok, Version} = version(),
-    {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
-           compiler_version => Version,
-           contract_source => ContractString,
-           type_info => TypeInfo,
-           abi_version => aeb_aevm_abi:abi_version(),
-           payable => maps:get(payable, Icode)
-          }};
+    Res = #{byte_code => ByteCode,
+            compiler_version => Version,
+            contract_source => ContractString,
+            type_info => TypeInfo,
+            abi_version => aeb_aevm_abi:abi_version(),
+            payable => maps:get(payable, Icode)
+           },
+    {ok, maybe_generate_aci(Res, FoldedTypedAst, Options)};
 from_string1(fate, ContractString, Options) ->
-    #{fcode := FCode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
+    #{ fcode := FCode
+     , folded_typed_ast := FoldedTypedAst } = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
     FateCode = aeso_fcode_to_fate:compile(FCode, Options),
     pp_assembler(fate, FateCode, Options),
     ByteCode = aeb_fate_code:serialize(FateCode, []),
     {ok, Version} = version(),
-    {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
-           compiler_version => Version,
-           contract_source => ContractString,
-           type_info => [],
-           fate_code => FateCode,
-           abi_version => aeb_fate_abi:abi_version(),
-           payable => maps:get(payable, FCode)
-          }}.
+    Res = #{byte_code => ByteCode,
+            compiler_version => Version,
+            contract_source => ContractString,
+            type_info => [],
+            fate_code => FateCode,
+            abi_version => aeb_fate_abi:abi_version(),
+            payable => maps:get(payable, FCode)
+           },
+    {ok, maybe_generate_aci(Res, FoldedTypedAst, Options)}.
+
+maybe_generate_aci(Result, FoldedTypedAst, Options) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(aci, Options) of
+        undefined ->
+            Result;
+        Type ->
+            {ok, Aci} = aeso_aci:from_typed_ast(Type, FoldedTypedAst),
+            maps:put(aci, Aci, Result)
+    end.
 
 -spec string_to_code(string(), options()) -> map().
 string_to_code(ContractString, Options) ->
     Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
     pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
     pp_ast(Ast, Options),
-    {TypeEnv, TypedAst} = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [return_env | Options]),
-    pp_typed_ast(TypedAst, Options),
+    {TypeEnv, FoldedTypedAst, UnfoldedTypedAst} = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [return_env | Options]),
+    pp_typed_ast(UnfoldedTypedAst, Options),
     case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
         aevm ->
-            Icode = ast_to_icode(TypedAst, Options),
+            Icode = ast_to_icode(UnfoldedTypedAst, Options),
             pp_icode(Icode, Options),
-            #{ icode => Icode,
-               typed_ast => TypedAst,
-               type_env  => TypeEnv};
+            #{ icode => Icode
+             , unfolded_typed_ast => UnfoldedTypedAst
+             , folded_typed_ast => FoldedTypedAst
+             , type_env  => TypeEnv
+             , ast => Ast };
         fate ->
-            Fcode = aeso_ast_to_fcode:ast_to_fcode(TypedAst, Options),
-            #{ fcode => Fcode,
-               typed_ast => TypedAst,
-               type_env  => TypeEnv}
+            Fcode = aeso_ast_to_fcode:ast_to_fcode(UnfoldedTypedAst, Options),
+            #{ fcode => Fcode
+             , unfolded_typed_ast => UnfoldedTypedAst
+             , folded_typed_ast => FoldedTypedAst
+             , type_env  => TypeEnv
+             , ast => Ast }
     end.
 
 -define(CALL_NAME,   "__call").
@@ -185,9 +218,9 @@ check_call1(ContractString0, FunName, Args, Options) ->
         case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
             aevm ->
                 %% First check the contract without the __call function
-                #{} = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
-                ContractString = insert_call_function(ContractString0, ?CALL_NAME, FunName, Args, Options),
-                #{typed_ast := TypedAst,
+                #{ast := Ast} = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
+                ContractString = insert_call_function(Ast, ContractString0, ?CALL_NAME, FunName, Args),
+                #{unfolded_typed_ast := TypedAst,
                   icode     := Icode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
                 {ok, {FunName, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, RetType}}} = get_call_type(TypedAst),
                 ArgVMTypes = [ aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(T, Icode) || T <- ArgTypes ],
@@ -207,13 +240,14 @@ check_call1(ContractString0, FunName, Args, Options) ->
                 {ok, FunName, {ArgVMTypes, RetVMType1}, ArgTerms};
             fate ->
                 %% First check the contract without the __call function
-                #{fcode := OrgFcode} = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
+                #{ fcode := OrgFcode
+                 , ast := Ast } = string_to_code(ContractString0, Options),
                 FateCode = aeso_fcode_to_fate:compile(OrgFcode, []),
                 %% collect all hashes and compute the first name without hash collision to
                 SymbolHashes = maps:keys(aeb_fate_code:symbols(FateCode)),
                 CallName = first_none_match(?CALL_NAME, SymbolHashes,
                                             lists:seq($1, $9) ++ lists:seq($A, $Z) ++ lists:seq($a, $z)),
-                ContractString = insert_call_function(ContractString0, CallName, FunName, Args, Options),
+                ContractString = insert_call_function(Ast, ContractString0, CallName, FunName, Args),
                 #{fcode := Fcode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
                 CallArgs = arguments_of_body(CallName, FunName, Fcode),
                 {ok, FunName, CallArgs}
@@ -239,9 +273,8 @@ first_none_match(CallName, Hashes, [Char|Chars]) ->
     end.
 
 %% Add the __call function to a contract.
--spec insert_call_function(string(), string(), string(), [string()], options()) -> string().
-insert_call_function(Code, Call, FunName, Args, Options) ->
-    Ast = parse(Code, Options),
+-spec insert_call_function(aeso_syntax:ast(), string(), string(), string(), [string()]) -> string().
+insert_call_function(Ast, Code, Call, FunName, Args) ->
     Ind = last_contract_indent(Ast),
     lists:flatten(
         [ Code,
@@ -297,7 +330,7 @@ to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options0) ->
     Options = [no_code | Options0],
     try
         Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
-        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
+        #{ unfolded_typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
         {ok, _, Type0} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
         Type   = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
 
@@ -323,12 +356,12 @@ to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options0) ->
                 try
                     {ok, aeso_vm_decode:from_fate(Type, aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data))}
                 catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
-                        Type1 = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type)),
+                        Type1 = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
                         Msg = io_lib:format("Cannot translate FATE value ~p\n  of Sophia type ~s\n",
                                             [aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data), Type1]),
                         {error, [aeso_errors:new(data_error, Msg)]};
                       _:_ ->
-                        Type1 = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type)),
+                        Type1 = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
                         Msg = io_lib:format("Failed to decode binary as type ~s\n", [Type1]),
                         {error, [aeso_errors:new(data_error, Msg)]}
                end
@@ -373,11 +406,11 @@ decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, Options0) ->
     Options = [no_code | Options0],
     try
         Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
-        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
+        #{ unfolded_typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
 
         {ok, Args, _} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
-        DropArg       = fun({arg, _, _, T}) -> T; (T) -> T end,
-        ArgTypes      = lists:map(DropArg, Args),
+        GetType       = fun({typed, _, _, T}) -> T; (T) -> T end,
+        ArgTypes      = lists:map(GetType, Args),
         Type0         = {tuple_t, [], ArgTypes},
         %% user defined data types such as variants needed to match against
         Type          = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
@@ -495,6 +528,14 @@ icode_to_term(T = {map, KT, VT}, M) ->
             #{};
         _ -> throw({todo, M})
     end;
+icode_to_term(word, {unop, 'bnot', A}) ->
+    bnot icode_to_term(word, A);
+icode_to_term(word, {binop, 'bor', A, B}) ->
+    icode_to_term(word, A) bor icode_to_term(word, B);
+icode_to_term(word, {binop, 'bsl', A, B}) ->
+    icode_to_term(word, B) bsl icode_to_term(word, A);
+icode_to_term(word, {binop, 'band', A, B}) ->
+    icode_to_term(word, A) band icode_to_term(word, B);
 icode_to_term(typerep, _) ->
     throw({todo, typerep});
 icode_to_term(T, V) ->
@@ -546,10 +587,92 @@ pp(Code, Options, Option, PPFun) ->
             ok
     end.
 
+%% -- Byte code validation ---------------------------------------------------
+
+-define(protect(Tag, Code), fun() -> try Code catch _:Err1 -> throw({Tag, Err1}) end end()).
+
+-spec validate_byte_code(map(), string(), options()) -> ok | {error, [aeso_errors:error()]}.
+validate_byte_code(#{ byte_code := ByteCode, payable := Payable }, Source, Options) ->
+    Fail = fun(Err) -> {error, [aeso_errors:new(data_error, Err)]} end,
+    case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+        B when B /= fate -> Fail(io_lib:format("Unsupported backend: ~s\n", [B]));
+        fate ->
+            try
+                FCode1 = ?protect(deserialize, aeb_fate_code:strip_init_function(aeb_fate_code:deserialize(ByteCode))),
+                {FCode2, SrcPayable} =
+                    ?protect(compile,
+                             begin
+                               {ok, #{ byte_code := SrcByteCode, payable := SrcPayable }} =
+                                    from_string1(fate, Source, Options),
+                               FCode = aeb_fate_code:deserialize(SrcByteCode),
+                               {aeb_fate_code:strip_init_function(FCode), SrcPayable}
+                             end),
+                case compare_fate_code(FCode1, FCode2) of
+                    ok when SrcPayable /= Payable ->
+                        Not = fun(true) -> ""; (false) -> " not" end,
+                        Fail(io_lib:format("Byte code contract is~s payable, but source code contract is~s.\n",
+                                           [Not(Payable), Not(SrcPayable)]));
+                    ok           -> ok;
+                    {error, Why} -> Fail(io_lib:format("Byte code does not match source code.\n~s", [Why]))
+                end
+            catch
+                throw:{deserialize, _}         -> Fail("Invalid byte code");
+                throw:{compile, {error, Errs}} -> {error, Errs}
+            end
+    end.
+
+compare_fate_code(FCode1, FCode2) ->
+    Funs1 = aeb_fate_code:functions(FCode1),
+    Funs2 = aeb_fate_code:functions(FCode2),
+    Syms1 = aeb_fate_code:symbols(FCode1),
+    Syms2 = aeb_fate_code:symbols(FCode2),
+    FunHashes1 = maps:keys(Funs1),
+    FunHashes2 = maps:keys(Funs2),
+    case FunHashes1 == FunHashes2 of
+        false ->
+            InByteCode   = [ binary_to_list(maps:get(H, Syms1)) || H <- FunHashes1 -- FunHashes2 ],
+            InSourceCode = [ binary_to_list(maps:get(H, Syms2)) || H <- FunHashes2 -- FunHashes1 ],
+            Msg = [ io_lib:format("- Functions in the byte code but not in the source code:\n"
+                                  "    ~s\n", [string:join(InByteCode, ", ")]) || InByteCode /= [] ] ++
+                  [ io_lib:format("- Functions in the source code but not in the byte code:\n"
+                                  "    ~s\n", [string:join(InSourceCode, ", ")]) || InSourceCode /= [] ],
+            {error, Msg};
+        true ->
+            case lists:append([ compare_fate_fun(maps:get(H, Syms1), Fun1, Fun2)
+                                || {{H, Fun1}, {_, Fun2}} <- lists:zip(maps:to_list(Funs1),
+                                                                       maps:to_list(Funs2)) ]) of
+                [] -> ok;
+                Errs -> {error, Errs}
+            end
+    end.
+
+compare_fate_fun(_Name, Fun, Fun) -> [];
+compare_fate_fun(Name, {Attr, Type, _}, {Attr, Type, _}) ->
+    [io_lib:format("- The implementation of the function ~s is different.\n", [Name])];
+compare_fate_fun(Name, {Attr1, Type, _}, {Attr2, Type, _}) ->
+    [io_lib:format("- The attributes of the function ~s differ:\n"
+                   "    Byte code:   ~s\n"
+                   "    Source code: ~s\n",
+                   [Name, string:join([ atom_to_list(A) || A <- Attr1 ], ", "),
+                          string:join([ atom_to_list(A) || A <- Attr2 ], ", ")])];
+compare_fate_fun(Name, {_, Type1, _}, {_, Type2, _}) ->
+    [io_lib:format("- The type of the function ~s differs:\n"
+                   "    Byte code:   ~s\n"
+                   "    Source code: ~s\n",
+                   [Name, pp_fate_sig(Type1), pp_fate_sig(Type2)])].
+
+pp_fate_sig({[Arg], Res}) ->
+    io_lib:format("~s => ~s", [pp_fate_type(Arg), pp_fate_type(Res)]);
+pp_fate_sig({Args, Res}) ->
+    io_lib:format("(~s) => ~s", [string:join([pp_fate_type(Arg) || Arg <- Args], ", "), pp_fate_type(Res)]).
+
+pp_fate_type(T) -> io_lib:format("~w", [T]).
+
 %% -------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+-spec sophia_type_to_typerep(string()) -> {error, bad_type} | {ok, aeb_aevm_data:type()}.
 sophia_type_to_typerep(String) ->
-    {ok, Ast} = aeso_parser:type(String),
+    Ast = aeso_parser:run_parser(aeso_parser:type(), String),
     try aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Ast) of
         Type -> {ok, Type}
     catch _:_ -> {error, bad_type}

src/aeso_icode.erl

@@ -73,28 +73,33 @@ new(Options) ->
 
 builtin_types() ->
     Word = fun([]) -> word end,
-    #{ "bool"         => Word
-     , "int"          => Word
-     , "char"         => Word
-     , "bits"         => Word
-     , "string"       => fun([]) -> string end
-     , "address"      => Word
-     , "hash"         => Word
-     , "unit"         => fun([]) -> {tuple, []} end
-     , "signature"    => fun([]) -> {tuple, [word, word]} end
-     , "oracle"       => fun([_, _]) -> word end
-     , "oracle_query" => fun([_, _]) -> word end
-     , "list"         => fun([A]) -> {list, A} end
-     , "option"       => fun([A]) -> {variant, [[], [A]]} end
-     , "map"          => fun([K, V]) -> map_typerep(K, V) end
-     , ["Chain", "ttl"] => fun([]) -> {variant, [[word], [word]]} end
+    #{ "bool"              => Word
+     , "int"               => Word
+     , "char"              => Word
+     , "bits"              => Word
+     , "string"            => fun([]) -> string end
+     , "address"           => Word
+     , "hash"              => Word
+     , "unit"              => fun([]) -> {tuple, []} end
+     , "signature"         => fun([]) -> {tuple, [word, word]} end
+     , "oracle"            => fun([_, _]) -> word end
+     , "oracle_query"      => fun([_, _]) -> word end
+     , "list"              => fun([A]) -> {list, A} end
+     , "option"            => fun([A]) -> {variant, [[], [A]]} end
+     , "map"               => fun([K, V]) -> map_typerep(K, V) end
+     , ["Chain", "ttl"]    => fun([]) -> {variant, [[word], [word]]} end
+     , ["AENS", "pointee"] => fun([]) -> {variant, [[word], [word], [word]]} end
      }.
 
 builtin_constructors() ->
-    #{ ["RelativeTTL"] => 0
-     , ["FixedTTL"]    => 1
-     , ["None"]        => 0
-     , ["Some"]        => 1 }.
+    #{ ["RelativeTTL"]     => 0
+     , ["FixedTTL"]        => 1
+     , ["None"]            => 0
+     , ["Some"]            => 1
+     , ["AccountPointee"]  => 0
+     , ["OraclePointee"]   => 1
+     , ["ContractPointee"] => 2
+     }.
 
 map_typerep(K, V) ->
     {map, K, V}.
@@ -146,4 +151,3 @@ get_constructor_tag(Name, #{constructors := Constructors}) ->
         undefined -> error({undefined_constructor, Name});
         Tag       -> Tag
     end.
-

src/aeso_parse_lib.erl

@@ -74,25 +74,31 @@
                     %%   first argument. I.e. no backtracking to the second argument if the first
                     %%   fails.
 
+trampoline({bounce, Cont}) when is_function(Cont, 0) ->
+    trampoline(Cont());
+trampoline(Res) ->
+    Res.
+-define(BOUNCE(X), {bounce, fun() -> X end}).
+
 %% Apply a parser to its continuation. This compiles a parser to its low-level representation.
 -spec apply_p(parser(A), fun((A) -> parser1(B))) -> parser1(B).
 apply_p(?lazy(F), K)           -> apply_p(F(), K);
 apply_p(?fail(Err), _)         -> {fail, Err};
-apply_p(?choice([P | Ps]), K)  -> lists:foldl(fun(Q, R) -> choice1(apply_p(Q, K), R) end,
-                                             apply_p(P, K), Ps);
+apply_p(?choice([P | Ps]), K)  -> lists:foldl(fun(Q, R) -> choice1(trampoline(apply_p(Q, K)), R) end,
+                                              trampoline(apply_p(P, K)), Ps);
 apply_p(?bind(P, F), K)        -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> apply_p(F(X), K) end);
 apply_p(?right(P, Q), K)       -> apply_p(P, fun(_) -> apply_p(Q, K) end);
 apply_p(?left(P, Q), K)        -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> apply_p(Q, fun(_) -> K(X) end) end);
 apply_p(?map(F, P), K)         -> apply_p(P, fun(X) -> K(F(X)) end);
 apply_p(?layout, K)            -> {layout, K, {fail, {expected, layout_block}}};
 apply_p(?tok(Atom), K)         -> {tok_bind, #{Atom => K}};
-apply_p(?return(X), K)         -> K(X);
+apply_p(?return(X), K)         -> ?BOUNCE(K(X));
 apply_p([P | Q], K)            -> apply_p(P, fun(H) -> apply_p(Q, fun(T) -> K([H | T]) end) end);
 apply_p(T, K) when is_tuple(T) -> apply_p(tuple_to_list(T), fun(Xs) -> K(list_to_tuple(Xs)) end);
 apply_p(M, K) when is_map(M) ->
     {Keys, Ps} = lists:unzip(maps:to_list(M)),
     apply_p(Ps, fun(Vals) -> K(maps:from_list(lists:zip(Keys, Vals))) end);
-apply_p(X, K) -> K(X).
+apply_p(X, K) -> ?BOUNCE(K(X)).
 
 %% -- Primitive combinators --------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -160,7 +166,7 @@ layout() -> ?layout.
 %% @doc Parse a sequence of tokens using a parser. Fails if the parse is ambiguous.
 -spec parse(parser(A), tokens()) -> {ok, A} | {error, term()}.
 parse(P, S) ->
-  case parse1(apply_p(P, fun(X) -> {return_plus, X, {fail, no_error}} end), S) of
+  case parse1(trampoline(apply_p(P, fun(X) -> {return_plus, X, {fail, no_error}} end)), S) of
     {[], {Pos, Err}} -> {error, {add_current_file(Pos), parse_error, flatten_error(Err)}};
     {[A], _}         -> {ok, A};
     {As, _}          -> {error, {{1, 1}, ambiguous_parse, As}}
@@ -241,7 +247,7 @@ col(T)  when is_tuple(T) -> element(2, pos(T)).
 
 %% If both parsers want the next token we grab it and merge the continuations.
 choice1({tok_bind, Map1}, {tok_bind, Map2}) ->
-    {tok_bind, merge_with(fun(F, G) -> fun(T) -> choice1(F(T), G(T)) end end, Map1, Map2)};
+    {tok_bind, merge_with(fun(F, G) -> fun(T) -> choice1(trampoline(F(T)), trampoline(G(T))) end end, Map1, Map2)};
 
 %% If both parsers fail we combine the error messages. If only one fails we discard it.
 choice1({fail, E1}, {fail, E2})             -> {fail, add_error(E1, E2)};
@@ -255,7 +261,7 @@ choice1(P, {return_plus, X, Q})             -> {return_plus, X, choice1(P, Q)};
 %% If both sides want a layout block we combine them. If only one side wants a layout block we
 %% will commit to a layout block is there is one.
 choice1({layout, F, P}, {layout, G, Q})     ->
-    {layout, fun(N) -> choice1(F(N), G(N)) end, choice1(P, Q)};
+    {layout, fun(N) -> choice1(trampoline(F(N)), trampoline(G(N))) end, choice1(P, Q)};
 choice1({layout, F, P}, Q)                  -> {layout, F, choice1(P, Q)};
 choice1(P, {layout, G, Q})                  -> {layout, G, choice1(P, Q)}.
 
@@ -278,6 +284,8 @@ parse1(P, S) ->
 %% The main work horse. Returns a list of possible parses and an error message in case parsing
 %% fails.
 -spec parse1(parser1(A), #ts{}, [A], term()) -> {[A], error()}.
+parse1({bounce, F}, Ts, Acc, Err) ->
+    parse1(F(), Ts, Acc, Err);
 parse1({tok_bind, Map}, Ts, Acc, Err) ->
     case next_token(Ts) of
         {T, Ts1} ->

src/aeso_parser.erl

@@ -3,20 +3,33 @@
 %%% Description :
 %%% Created     : 1 Mar 2018 by Ulf Norell
 -module(aeso_parser).
+-compile({no_auto_import,[map_get/2]}).
 
 -export([string/1,
          string/2,
          string/3,
+         auto_imports/1,
          hash_include/2,
-         type/1]).
+         decl/0,
+         type/0,
+         body/0,
+         maybe_block/1,
+         run_parser/2,
+         run_parser/3]).
 
 -include("aeso_parse_lib.hrl").
 -import(aeso_parse_lib, [current_file/0, set_current_file/1]).
 
--type parse_result() :: aeso_syntax:ast() | none().
+-type parse_result() :: aeso_syntax:ast() | {aeso_syntax:ast(), sets:set(include_hash())} | none().
 
 -type include_hash() :: {string(), binary()}.
 
+
+escape_errors({ok, Ok}) ->
+    Ok;
+escape_errors({error, Err}) ->
+    parse_error(Err).
+
 -spec string(string()) -> parse_result().
 string(String) ->
     string(String, sets:new(), []).
@@ -30,27 +43,24 @@ string(String, Opts) ->
 
 -spec string(string(), sets:set(include_hash()), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
 string(String, Included, Opts) ->
-    case parse_and_scan(file(), String, Opts) of
-        {ok, AST} ->
-            case expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts) of
-                {ok, AST1}   -> AST1;
-                {error, Err} -> parse_error(Err)
-            end;
-        {error, Err} ->
-            parse_error(Err)
+    AST = run_parser(file(), String, Opts),
+    case expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts) of
+        {ok, AST1}   -> AST1;
+        {error, Err} -> parse_error(Err)
     end.
 
-type(String) ->
-    case parse_and_scan(type(), String, []) of
-        {ok, AST}    -> {ok, AST};
-        {error, Err} -> {error, [mk_error(Err)]}
-    end.
+
+run_parser(P, Inp) ->
+    escape_errors(parse_and_scan(P, Inp, [])).
+run_parser(P, Inp, Opts) ->
+    escape_errors(parse_and_scan(P, Inp, Opts)).
 
 parse_and_scan(P, S, Opts) ->
     set_current_file(proplists:get_value(src_file, Opts, no_file)),
     case aeso_scan:scan(S) of
         {ok, Tokens} -> aeso_parse_lib:parse(P, Tokens);
-        Error        -> Error
+        {error, {{Input, Pos}, _}} ->
+            {error, {Pos, scan_error, Input}}
     end.
 
 -dialyzer({nowarn_function, parse_error/1}).
@@ -60,8 +70,8 @@ parse_error(Err) ->
 mk_p_err(Pos, Msg) ->
     aeso_errors:new(parse_error, mk_pos(Pos), lists:flatten(Msg)).
 
-mk_error({Pos, ScanE}) when ScanE == scan_error; ScanE == scan_error_no_state ->
-    mk_p_err(Pos, "Scan error\n");
+mk_error({Pos, scan_error, Input}) ->
+    mk_p_err(Pos, io_lib:format("Lexical error on input: ~s\n", [Input]));
 mk_error({Pos, parse_error, Err}) ->
     Msg = io_lib:format("~s\n", [Err]),
     mk_p_err(Pos, Msg);
@@ -87,6 +97,7 @@ decl() ->
     , ?RULE(token(payable),     keyword(contract), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), add_modifiers([_1], {contract, _2, _3, _5}))
     , ?RULE(keyword(namespace), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {namespace, _1, _2, _4})
     , ?RULE(keyword(include),   str(), {include, get_ann(_1), _2})
+    , pragma()
 
       %% Type declarations  TODO: format annotation for "type bla" vs "type bla()"
     , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(),                                          {type_decl, _1, _2, []})
@@ -99,13 +110,31 @@ decl() ->
     , ?RULE(keyword(datatype), id(), type_vars(), tok('='), typedef(variant), {type_def, _1, _2, _3, _5})
 
       %% Function declarations
-    , ?RULE(modifiers(), fun_or_entry(), id(), tok(':'), type(), add_modifiers(_1, _2, {fun_decl, get_ann(_2), _3, _5}))
-    , ?RULE(modifiers(), fun_or_entry(), fundef(),               add_modifiers(_1, _2, set_pos(get_pos(get_ann(_2)), _3)))
-    , ?RULE(keyword('let'),    valdef(),                         set_pos(get_pos(_1), _2))
+    , ?RULE(modifiers(), fun_or_entry(), maybe_block(fundef_or_decl()), fun_block(_1, _2, _3))
+    , ?RULE(keyword('let'), valdef(), set_pos(get_pos(_1), _2))
     ])).
 
+fun_block(Mods, Kind, [Decl]) ->
+    add_modifiers(Mods, Kind, set_pos(get_pos(Kind), Decl));
+fun_block(Mods, Kind, Decls) ->
+    {block, get_ann(Kind), [ add_modifiers(Mods, Kind, Decl) || Decl <- Decls ]}.
+
+fundef_or_decl() ->
+    choice([?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), {fun_decl, get_ann(_1), _1, _3}),
+            fundef()]).
+
+pragma() ->
+    Op = choice([token(T) || T <- ['<', '=<', '==', '>=', '>']]),
+    ?RULE(tok('@'), id("compiler"), Op, version(), {pragma, get_ann(_1), {compiler, element(1, _3), _4}}).
+
+version() ->
+    ?RULE(token(int), many({tok('.'), token(int)}), mk_version(_1, _2)).
+
+mk_version({int, _, Maj}, Rest) ->
+    [Maj | [N || {_, {int, _, N}} <- Rest]].
+
 fun_or_entry() ->
-    choice([?RULE(keyword(function), {function, _1}),
+    choice([?RULE(keyword(function),   {function,   _1}),
             ?RULE(keyword(entrypoint), {entrypoint, _1})]).
 
 modifiers() ->
@@ -152,20 +181,19 @@ letdecl() ->
 letdef() -> choice(valdef(), fundef()).
 
 valdef() ->
-    choice(
-        ?RULE(id(),                   tok('='), body(), {letval, [], _1, type_wildcard(), _3}),
-        ?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), tok('='), body(), {letval, [], _1, _3, _5})).
+    ?RULE(pattern(), tok('='), body(), {letval, [], _1, _3}).
 
 fundef() ->
     choice(
-    [ ?RULE(id(), args(),                   tok('='), body(), {letfun, [], _1, _2, type_wildcard(), _4})
-    , ?RULE(id(), args(), tok(':'), type(), tok('='), body(), {letfun, [], _1, _2, _4, _6})
+    [ ?RULE(id(), args(),                   tok('='), body(), {letfun, get_ann(_1), _1, _2, type_wildcard(get_ann(_1)), _4})
+    , ?RULE(id(), args(), tok(':'), type(), tok('='), body(), {letfun, get_ann(_1), _1, _2, _4, _6})
     ]).
 
-args() -> paren_list(arg()).
+args() -> paren_list(pattern()).
+lam_args() -> paren_list(arg()).
 
 arg() -> choice(
-    ?RULE(id(),                   {arg, get_ann(_1), _1, type_wildcard()}),
+    ?RULE(id(),                   {arg, get_ann(_1), _1, type_wildcard(get_ann(_1))}),
     ?RULE(id(), tok(':'), type(), {arg, get_ann(_1), _1, _3})).
 
 %% -- Types ------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -226,7 +254,7 @@ branch() ->
     ?RULE(pattern(), keyword('=>'), body(), {'case', _2, _1, _3}).
 
 pattern() ->
-    ?LET_P(E, expr500(), parse_pattern(E)).
+    ?LET_P(E, expr(), parse_pattern(E)).
 
 %% -- Expressions ------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -236,7 +264,7 @@ expr100() ->
     Expr100 = ?LAZY_P(expr100()),
     Expr200 = ?LAZY_P(expr200()),
     choice(
-    [ ?RULE(args(), keyword('=>'), body(), {lam, _2, _1, _3})   %% TODO: better location
+    [ ?RULE(lam_args(), keyword('=>'), body(), {lam, _2, _1, _3})   %% TODO: better location
     , {'if', keyword('if'), parens(Expr100), Expr200, right(tok(else), Expr100)}
     , ?RULE(Expr200, optional(right(tok(':'), type())),
             case _2 of
@@ -285,7 +313,7 @@ comprehension_if() ->
     ?RULE(keyword('if'), parens(expr()), {comprehension_if, _1, _2}).
 
 comprehension_bind() ->
-    ?RULE(id(), tok('<-'), expr(), {comprehension_bind, _1, _3}).
+    ?RULE(pattern(), tok('<-'), expr(), {comprehension_bind, _1, _3}).
 
 arg_expr() ->
     ?LAZY_P(
@@ -312,7 +340,7 @@ map_key(Key, {ok, {_, Val}}) -> {map_key, Key, Val}.
 
 elim(E, [])                              -> E;
 elim(E, [{proj, Ann, P} | Es])           -> elim({proj, Ann, E, P}, Es);
-elim(E, [{app, Ann, Args} | Es])         -> elim({app, Ann, E, Args}, Es);
+elim(E, [{app, _Ann, Args} | Es])        -> elim({app, aeso_syntax:get_ann(E), E, Args}, Es);
 elim(E, [{rec_upd, Ann, Flds} | Es])     -> elim(record_update(Ann, E, Flds), Es);
 elim(E, [{map_get, Ann, Key} | Es])      -> elim({map_get, Ann, E, Key}, Es);
 elim(E, [{map_get, Ann, Key, Val} | Es]) -> elim({map_get, Ann, E, Key, Val}, Es).
@@ -337,7 +365,9 @@ record(Fs) ->
                         bad_expr_err("Cannot use '@' in map construction", infix({lvalue, FAnn, LV}, {'@', Ann}, Id));
                     ({field, FAnn, LV, _}) ->
                         bad_expr_err("Cannot use nested fields or keys in map construction", {lvalue, FAnn, LV}) end,
-            {map, Ann, lists:map(KV, Fs)}
+            {map, Ann, lists:map(KV, Fs)};
+        record_or_map_error ->
+            {record_or_map_error, get_ann(hd(Fs)), Fs}
     end.
 
 record_or_map(Fields) ->
@@ -349,9 +379,7 @@ record_or_map(Fields) ->
     case lists:usort(lists:map(Kind, Fields)) of
         [proj]    -> record;
         [map_get] -> map;
-        _         ->
-            [{field, Ann, _, _} | _] = Fields,
-            bad_expr_err("Mixed record fields and map keys in", {record, Ann, Fields})
+        _         -> record_or_map_error %% Defer error until type checking
     end.
 
 field_assignment() ->
@@ -406,7 +434,7 @@ token(Tag) ->
 id(Id) ->
     ?LET_P({id, A, X} = Y, id(),
            if X == Id -> Y;
-              true    -> fail({A, "expected 'bytes'"})
+              true    -> fail({A, "expected '" ++ Id ++ "'"})
            end).
 
 id_or_addr() ->
@@ -482,8 +510,8 @@ infix(L, Op, R) -> set_ann(format, infix,  {app, get_ann(L), Op, [L, R]}).
 prefixes(Ops, E) -> lists:foldr(fun prefix/2, E, Ops).
 prefix(Op, E)    -> set_ann(format, prefix, {app, get_ann(Op), Op, [E]}).
 
-type_wildcard() ->
-    {id, [{origin, system}], "_"}.
+type_wildcard(Ann) ->
+    {id, [{origin, system} | Ann], "_"}.
 
 block_e(Stmts) ->
     group_ifs(Stmts, []).
@@ -533,7 +561,9 @@ list_comp_e(Ann, Expr, Binds) -> {list_comp, Ann, Expr, Binds}.
 -spec parse_pattern(aeso_syntax:expr()) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(aeso_syntax:pat()).
 parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {'::', _}, Es}) ->
     {app, Ann, Con, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
-parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {con, _, _}, Es}) ->
+parse_pattern({app, Ann, {'-', _}, [{int, _, N}]}) ->
+    {int, Ann, -N};
+parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {Tag, _, _}, Es}) when Tag == con; Tag == qcon ->
     {app, Ann, Con, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
 parse_pattern({tuple, Ann, Es}) ->
     {tuple, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
@@ -541,7 +571,10 @@ parse_pattern({list, Ann, Es}) ->
     {list, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_pattern/1, Es)};
 parse_pattern({record, Ann, Fs}) ->
     {record, Ann, lists:map(fun parse_field_pattern/1, Fs)};
+parse_pattern({typed, Ann, E, Type}) ->
+    {typed, Ann, parse_pattern(E), Type};
 parse_pattern(E = {con, _, _})    -> E;
+parse_pattern(E = {qcon, _, _})   -> E;
 parse_pattern(E = {id, _, _})     -> E;
 parse_pattern(E = {int, _, _})    -> E;
 parse_pattern(E = {bool, _, _})   -> E;
@@ -572,8 +605,13 @@ expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts) ->
              || File <- lists:usort(auto_imports(AST)) ] ++ AST,
     expand_includes(AST1, Included, [], Opts).
 
-expand_includes([], _Included, Acc, _Opts) ->
-    {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
+expand_includes([], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
+    case lists:member(keep_included, Opts) of
+        false ->
+            {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
+        true ->
+            {ok, {lists:reverse(Acc), Included}}
+    end;
 expand_includes([{include, Ann, {string, _SAnn, File}} | AST], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
     case get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) of
         {ok, Code} ->
@@ -607,16 +645,39 @@ read_file(File, Opts) ->
             case maps:get(binary_to_list(File), Files, not_found) of
                 not_found -> {error, not_found};
                 Src       -> {ok, Src}
+            end;
+        escript ->
+            try
+                Escript        = escript:script_name(),
+                {ok, Sections} = escript:extract(Escript, []),
+                Archive        = proplists:get_value(archive, Sections),
+                FileName       = binary_to_list(filename:join([aesophia, priv, stdlib, File])),
+                case zip:extract(Archive, [{file_list, [FileName]}, memory]) of
+                    {ok, [{_, Src}]} -> {ok, Src};
+                    _                -> {error, not_found}
+                end
+            catch _:_ ->
+                {error, not_found}
             end
     end.
 
 stdlib_options() ->
-    [{include, {file_system, [aeso_stdlib:stdlib_include_path()]}}].
+    StdLibDir = aeso_stdlib:stdlib_include_path(),
+    case filelib:is_dir(StdLibDir) of
+        true  -> [{include, {file_system, [StdLibDir]}}];
+        false -> [{include, escript}]
+    end.
 
 get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) ->
     case {read_file(File, Opts), read_file(File, stdlib_options())} of
-        {{ok, _}, {ok,_ }} ->
-            fail(ann_pos(Ann), "Illegal redefinition of standard library " ++ File);
+        {{ok, Bin}, {ok, _}} ->
+            case filename:basename(File) == File of
+                true -> { error
+                        , fail( ann_pos(Ann)
+                              , "Illegal redefinition of standard library " ++ binary_to_list(File))};
+                %% If a path is provided then the stdlib takes lower priority
+                false -> {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)}
+            end;
         {_, {ok, Bin}} ->
             {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)};
         {{ok, Bin}, _} ->

src/aeso_pretty.erl

@@ -145,22 +145,30 @@ decl(D, Options) ->
     with_options(Options, fun() -> decl(D) end).
 
 -spec decl(aeso_syntax:decl()) -> doc().
-decl({contract, _, C, Ds}) ->
-    block(follow(text("contract"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
+decl({contract, Attrs, C, Ds}) ->
+    Mod = fun({Mod, true}) when Mod == payable ->
+                  text(atom_to_list(Mod));
+             (_) -> empty() end,
+    block(follow( hsep(lists:map(Mod, Attrs) ++ [text("contract")])
+                , hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
 decl({namespace, _, C, Ds}) ->
     block(follow(text("namespace"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
+decl({pragma, _, Pragma}) -> pragma(Pragma);
 decl({type_decl, _, T, Vars}) -> typedecl(alias_t, T, Vars);
 decl({type_def, _, T, Vars, Def}) ->
     Kind = element(1, Def),
     equals(typedecl(Kind, T, Vars), typedef(Def));
 decl({fun_decl, Ann, F, T}) ->
+    Mod = fun({Mod, true}) when Mod == private; Mod == stateful; Mod == payable ->
+                  text(atom_to_list(Mod));
+             (_) -> empty() end,
     Fun = case aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Ann, false) of
             true  -> text("entrypoint");
             false -> text("function")
           end,
-    hsep(Fun, typed(name(F), T));
+    hsep(lists:map(Mod, Ann) ++ [Fun, typed(name(F), T)]);
 decl(D = {letfun, Attrs, _, _, _, _}) ->
-    Mod = fun({Mod, true}) when Mod == private; Mod == stateful ->
+    Mod = fun({Mod, true}) when Mod == private; Mod == stateful; Mod == payable ->
                             text(atom_to_list(Mod));
              (_) -> empty() end,
     Fun = case aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Attrs, false) of
@@ -168,7 +176,15 @@ decl(D = {letfun, Attrs, _, _, _, _}) ->
               false -> "function"
           end,
     hsep(lists:map(Mod, Attrs) ++ [letdecl(Fun, D)]);
-decl(D = {letval, _, _, _, _}) -> letdecl("let", D).
+decl({fun_clauses, Ann, Name, Type, Clauses}) ->
+    above([ decl(D) || D <- [{fun_decl, Ann, Name, Type} | Clauses] ]);
+decl(D = {letval, _, _, _}) -> letdecl("let", D);
+decl({block, _, Ds}) ->
+    above([ decl(D) || D <- Ds ]).
+
+-spec pragma(aeso_syntax:pragma()) -> doc().
+pragma({compiler, Op, Ver}) ->
+    text("@compiler " ++ atom_to_list(Op) ++ " " ++ string:join([integer_to_list(N) || N <- Ver], ".")).
 
 -spec expr(aeso_syntax:expr(), options()) -> doc().
 expr(E, Options) ->
@@ -188,10 +204,10 @@ name({tvar, _, Name})  -> text(Name);
 name({typed, _, Name, _}) -> name(Name).
 
 -spec letdecl(string(), aeso_syntax:letbind()) -> doc().
-letdecl(Let, {letval, _, F, T, E}) ->
-    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), typed(name(F), T), text("=")]), E);
+letdecl(Let, {letval, _, P, E}) ->
+    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), expr(P), text("=")]), E);
 letdecl(Let, {letfun, _, F, Args, T, E}) ->
-    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), typed(beside(name(F), args(Args)), T), text("=")]), E).
+    block_expr(0, hsep([text(Let), typed(beside(name(F), expr({tuple, [], Args})), T), text("=")]), E).
 
 -spec args([aeso_syntax:arg()]) -> doc().
 args(Args) ->
@@ -248,6 +264,8 @@ type({args_t, _, Args}) ->
 type({bytes_t, _, any}) -> text("bytes(_)");
 type({bytes_t, _, Len}) ->
     text(lists:concat(["bytes(", Len, ")"]));
+type({if_t, _, Id, Then, Else}) ->
+    beside(text("if"), args_type([Id, Then, Else]));
 type({named_arg_t, _, Name, Type, _Default}) ->
     %% Drop the default value
     %% follow(hsep(typed(name(Name), Type), text("=")), expr(Default));
@@ -274,12 +292,9 @@ tuple_type(Factors) ->
       , text(")")
       ]).
 
--spec arg_expr(aeso_syntax:arg_expr()) -> doc().
-arg_expr({named_arg, _, Name, E}) ->
-    follow(hsep(expr(Name), text("=")), expr(E));
-arg_expr(E) -> expr(E).
-
--spec expr_p(integer(), aeso_syntax:expr()) -> doc().
+-spec expr_p(integer(), aeso_syntax:arg_expr()) -> doc().
+expr_p(P, {named_arg, _, Name, E}) ->
+    paren(P > 100, follow(hsep(expr(Name), text("=")), expr(E)));
 expr_p(P, {lam, _, Args, E}) ->
     paren(P > 100, follow(hsep(args(Args), text("=>")), expr_p(100, E)));
 expr_p(P, If = {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, Else}) ->
@@ -300,6 +315,8 @@ expr_p(_, {tuple, _, Es}) ->
     tuple(lists:map(fun expr/1, Es));
 expr_p(_, {list, _, Es}) ->
     list(lists:map(fun expr/1, Es));
+expr_p(_, {list_comp, _, E, Binds}) ->
+    list([follow(expr(E), hsep(text("|"), par(punctuate(text(","), lists:map(fun lc_bind/1, Binds)), 0)), 0)]);
 expr_p(_, {record, _, Fs}) ->
     record(lists:map(fun field/1, Fs));
 expr_p(_, {map, Ann, KVs}) ->
@@ -353,13 +370,19 @@ expr_p(_, {Type, _, Bin})
          Type == oracle_query_id ->
     text(binary_to_list(aeser_api_encoder:encode(Type, Bin)));
 expr_p(_, {string, _, <<>>}) -> text("\"\"");
-expr_p(_, {string, _, S}) -> term(binary_to_list(S));
+expr_p(_, {string, _, S}) ->
+    text(io_lib:format("\"~s\"", [binary_to_list(S)]));
 expr_p(_, {char, _, C}) ->
     case C of
         $' -> text("'\\''");
         $" -> text("'\"'");
-        _  -> S = lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [[C]])),
-              text("'" ++ tl(lists:droplast(S)) ++ "'")
+        _ when C < 16#80 ->
+            S = lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [[C]])),
+            text("'" ++ tl(lists:droplast(S)) ++ "'");
+        _  ->
+            S = lists:flatten(
+                  io_lib:format("'~ts'", [list_to_binary(aeso_scan:utf8_encode([C]))])),
+            text(S)
     end;
 %% -- Names
 expr_p(_, E = {id, _, _})   -> name(E);
@@ -382,6 +405,13 @@ stmt_p({else, Else}) ->
         _ -> block_expr(200, text("else"), Else)
     end.
 
+lc_bind({comprehension_bind, P, E}) ->
+    follow(hsep(expr(P), text("<-")), expr(E));
+lc_bind({comprehension_if, _, E}) ->
+    beside([text("if("), expr(E), text(")")]);
+lc_bind(Let) ->
+    letdecl("let", Let).
+
 -spec bin_prec(aeso_syntax:bin_op()) -> {integer(), integer(), integer()}.
 bin_prec('..')   -> {  0,   0,   0};  %% Always printed inside '[ ]'
 bin_prec('=')    -> {  0,   0,   0};  %% Always printed inside '[ ]'
@@ -424,7 +454,7 @@ prefix(P, Op, A) ->
 app(P, F, Args) ->
     paren(P > 900,
     beside(expr_p(900, F),
-           tuple(lists:map(fun arg_expr/1, Args)))).
+           tuple(lists:map(fun expr/1, Args)))).
 
 field({field, _, LV, E}) ->
     follow(hsep(lvalue(LV), text("=")), expr(E));
@@ -445,7 +475,7 @@ elim1(Get={map_get, _, _})    -> elim(Get);
 elim1(Get={map_get, _, _, _}) -> elim(Get).
 
 alt({'case', _, Pat, Body}) ->
-    block_expr(0, hsep(expr_p(500, Pat), text("=>")), Body).
+    block_expr(0, hsep(expr(Pat), text("=>")), Body).
 
 block_expr(_, Header, {block, _, Ss}) ->
     block(Header, statements(Ss));
@@ -455,7 +485,7 @@ block_expr(P, Header, E) ->
 statements(Stmts) ->
     above([ statement(S) || S <- Stmts ]).
 
-statement(S = {letval, _, _, _, _})    -> letdecl("let", S);
+statement(S = {letval, _, _, _})       -> letdecl("let", S);
 statement(S = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}) -> letdecl("let", S);
 statement(E) -> expr(E).
 
@@ -468,6 +498,3 @@ get_elifs(If = {'if', Ann, Cond, Then, Else}, Elifs) ->
     end;
 get_elifs(Else, Elifs) -> {lists:reverse(Elifs), {else, Else}}.
 
-fmt(Fmt, Args) -> text(lists:flatten(io_lib:format(Fmt, Args))).
-term(X) -> fmt("~p", [X]).
-

src/aeso_scan.erl

@@ -7,27 +7,34 @@
 %%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(aeso_scan).
 
--export([scan/1]).
+-export([scan/1, utf8_encode/1]).
 
 -import(aeso_scan_lib, [token/1, token/2, symbol/0, skip/0,
                         override/2, push/2, pop/1]).
 
 lexer() ->
+    Number   = fun(Digit) -> [Digit, "+(_", Digit, "+)*"] end,
     DIGIT    = "[0-9]",
     HEXDIGIT = "[0-9a-fA-F]",
     LOWER    = "[a-z_]",
     UPPER    = "[A-Z]",
     CON      = [UPPER, "[a-zA-Z0-9_]*"],
-    INT      = [DIGIT, "+"],
-    HEX      = ["0x", HEXDIGIT, "+"],
-    BYTES    = ["#", HEXDIGIT, "+"],
+    INT      = Number(DIGIT),
+    HEX      = ["0x", Number(HEXDIGIT)],
+    BYTES    = ["#", Number(HEXDIGIT)],
     WS       = "[\\000-\\ ]+",
     ID       = [LOWER, "[a-zA-Z0-9_']*"],
     TVAR     = ["'", ID],
     QID      = ["(", CON, "\\.)+", ID],
     QCON     = ["(", CON, "\\.)+", CON],
     OP       = "[=!<>+\\-*/:&|?~@^]+",
-    CHAR     = "'([^'\\\\]|(\\\\.))'",
+    %% Five cases for a character
+    %%  * 1 7-bit ascii, not \ or '
+    %%  * 2-4 8-bit values (UTF8)
+    %%  * \ followed by a known modifier [aernrtv]
+    %%  * \xhh
+    %%  * \x{hhh...}
+    CHAR     = "'(([\\x00-\\x26\\x28-\\x5b\\x5d-\\x7f])|([\\x00-\\xff][\\x80-\\xff]{1,3})|(\\\\[befnrtv'\\\\])|(\\\\x[0-9a-fA-F]{2,2})|(\\\\x\\{[0-9a-fA-F]*\\}))'",
     STRING   = "\"([^\"\\\\]|(\\\\.))*\"",
 
     CommentStart = {"/\\*", push(comment, skip())},
@@ -53,7 +60,7 @@ lexer() ->
         , {CHAR,   token(char,   fun parse_char/1)}
         , {STRING, token(string, fun parse_string/1)}
         , {HEX,    token(hex,    fun parse_hex/1)}
-        , {INT,    token(int,    fun list_to_integer/1)}
+        , {INT,    token(int,    fun parse_int/1)}
         , {BYTES,  token(bytes,  fun parse_bytes/1)}
 
           %% Identifiers (qualified first!)
@@ -76,32 +83,34 @@ scan(String) ->
 %% -- Helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 parse_string([$" | Chars]) ->
-    unescape(Chars).
+    unicode:characters_to_nfc_binary(unescape(Chars)).
 
-parse_char([$', $\\, Code, $']) ->
-    case Code of
-        $'  -> $';
-        $\\ -> $\\;
-        $b  -> $\b;
-        $e  -> $\e;
-        $f  -> $\f;
-        $n  -> $\n;
-        $r  -> $\r;
-        $t  -> $\t;
-        $v  -> $\v;
-        _   -> {error, "Bad control sequence: \\" ++ [Code]}
-    end;
-parse_char([$', C, $']) -> C.
+parse_char([$' | Chars]) ->
+    case unicode:characters_to_nfc_list(unescape($', Chars, [])) of
+        [Char] -> Char;
+        _Bad   -> {error, "Bad character literal: '" ++ Chars}
+    end.
 
-unescape(Str) -> unescape(Str, []).
+utf8_encode(Cs) ->
+    binary_to_list(unicode:characters_to_binary(Cs)).
 
-%% TODO: numeric escapes
-unescape([$"], Acc) ->
+unescape(Str) -> unescape($", Str, []).
+
+unescape(Delim, [Delim], Acc) ->
     list_to_binary(lists:reverse(Acc));
-unescape([$\\, Code | Chars], Acc) ->
-    Ok = fun(C) -> unescape(Chars, [C | Acc]) end,
+unescape(Delim, [$\\, $x, ${ | Chars ], Acc) ->
+    {Ds, [_ | Cs]} = lists:splitwith(fun($}) -> false ; (_) -> true end, Chars),
+    C = list_to_integer(Ds, 16),
+    Utf8Cs = binary_to_list(unicode:characters_to_binary([C])),
+    unescape(Delim, Cs, [Utf8Cs | Acc]);
+unescape(Delim, [$\\, $x, D1, D2 | Chars ], Acc) ->
+    C = list_to_integer([D1, D2], 16),
+    Utf8Cs = binary_to_list(unicode:characters_to_binary([C])),
+    unescape(Delim, Chars, [Utf8Cs | Acc]);
+unescape(Delim, [$\\, Code | Chars], Acc) ->
+    Ok = fun(C) -> unescape(Delim, Chars, [C | Acc]) end,
     case Code of
-        $"  -> Ok($");
+        Delim -> Ok(Delim);
         $\\ -> Ok($\\);
         $b  -> Ok($\b);
         $e  -> Ok($\e);
@@ -112,13 +121,21 @@ unescape([$\\, Code | Chars], Acc) ->
         $v  -> Ok($\v);
         _   -> error("Bad control sequence: \\" ++ [Code])  %% TODO
     end;
-unescape([C | Chars], Acc) ->
-    unescape(Chars, [C | Acc]).
+unescape(Delim, [C | Chars], Acc) ->
+    unescape(Delim, Chars, [C | Acc]).
 
-parse_hex("0x" ++ Chars) -> list_to_integer(Chars, 16).
+strip_underscores(S) ->
+    lists:filter(fun(C) -> C /= $_ end, S).
 
-parse_bytes("#" ++ Chars) ->
-    N      = list_to_integer(Chars, 16),
-    Digits = (length(Chars) + 1) div 2,
+parse_hex("0x" ++ S) ->
+    list_to_integer(strip_underscores(S), 16).
+
+parse_int(S) ->
+    list_to_integer(strip_underscores(S)).
+
+parse_bytes("#" ++ S0) ->
+    S      = strip_underscores(S0),
+    N      = list_to_integer(S, 16),
+    Digits = (length(S) + 1) div 2,
     <<N:Digits/unit:8>>.
 

src/aeso_syntax.erl

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 -export_type([ann_line/0, ann_col/0, ann_origin/0, ann_format/0, ann/0]).
 -export_type([name/0, id/0, con/0, qid/0, qcon/0, tvar/0, op/0]).
 -export_type([bin_op/0, un_op/0]).
--export_type([decl/0, letbind/0, typedef/0]).
+-export_type([decl/0, letbind/0, typedef/0, pragma/0]).
 -export_type([arg/0, field_t/0, constructor_t/0, named_arg_t/0]).
 -export_type([type/0, constant/0, expr/0, arg_expr/0, field/1, stmt/0, alt/0, lvalue/0, elim/0, pat/0]).
 -export_type([ast/0]).
@@ -36,14 +36,27 @@
 
 -type decl() :: {contract, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
               | {namespace, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
-              | {type_decl, ann(), id(), [tvar()]}
+              | {pragma, ann(), pragma()}
+              | {type_decl, ann(), id(), [tvar()]} % Only for error msgs
               | {type_def, ann(), id(), [tvar()], typedef()}
-              | {fun_decl, ann(), id(), type()}
-              | letbind().
+              | {fun_clauses, ann(), id(), type(), [letfun() | fundecl()]}
+              | {block, ann(), [decl()]}
+              | fundecl()
+              | letfun()
+              | letval(). % Only for error msgs
+
+-type compiler_version() :: [non_neg_integer()].
+
+-type pragma() :: {compiler, '==' | '<' | '>' | '=<' | '>=', compiler_version()}.
+
+
+-type letval()  :: {letval, ann(), pat(), expr()}.
+-type letfun()  :: {letfun, ann(), id(), [pat()], type(), expr()}.
+-type fundecl() :: {fun_decl, ann(), id(), type()}.
 
 -type letbind()
-    :: {letval, ann(), id(), type(), expr()}
-     | {letfun, ann(), id(), [arg()], type(), expr()}.
+    :: letfun()
+     | letval().
 
 -type arg() :: {arg, ann(), id(), type()}.
 
@@ -95,9 +108,8 @@
      | {list, ann(), [expr()]}
      | {list_comp, ann(), expr(), [comprehension_exp()]}
      | {typed, ann(), expr(), type()}
-     | {record, ann(), [field(expr())]}
-     | {record, ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]} %% record update
-     | {map, ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]}    %% map update
+     | {record_or_map(), ann(), [field(expr())]}
+     | {record_or_map(), ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]} %% record/map update
      | {map, ann(), [{expr(), expr()}]}
      | {map_get, ann(), expr(), expr()}
      | {map_get, ann(), expr(), expr(), expr()}
@@ -106,7 +118,9 @@
      | id() | qid() | con() | qcon()
      | constant().
 
--type comprehension_exp() :: [ {comprehension_bind, id(), expr()}
+-type record_or_map() :: record | map | record_or_map_error.
+
+-type comprehension_exp() :: [ {comprehension_bind, pat(), expr()}
                              | {comprehension_if, ann(), expr()}
                              | letbind() ].
 
@@ -134,6 +148,7 @@
 -type pat() :: {app, ann(), con() | op(), [pat()]}
              | {tuple, ann(), [pat()]}
              | {list, ann(), [pat()]}
+             | {typed, ann(), pat(), type()}
              | {record, ann(), [field(pat())]}
              | constant()
              | con()

src/aeso_syntax_utils.erl

@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
             %% decl()
             {contract, _, _, Ds}     -> Decl(Ds);
             {namespace, _, _, Ds}    -> Decl(Ds);
-            {type_decl, _, I, _}     -> BindType(I);
             {type_def, _, I, _, D}   -> Plus(BindType(I), Decl(D));
             {fun_decl, _, _, T}      -> Type(T);
-            {letval, _, F, T, E}     -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(E)]);
+            {letval, _, P, E}        -> Scoped(BindExpr(P), Expr(E));
             {letfun, _, F, Xs, T, E} -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(Xs ++ [E])]);
+            {fun_clauses, _, _, T, Cs} -> Sum([Type(T) | [Decl(C) || C <- Cs]]);
             %% typedef()
             {alias_t, T}    -> Type(T);
             {record_t, Fs}  -> Type(Fs);
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
                 Plus(Expr(E), Scoped(BindExpr(I), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
             {list_comp, A, Y, [{comprehension_if, _, E}|R]} ->
                 Plus(Expr(E), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R}));
-            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letval, _, F, _, _} | R]} ->
-                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letval, _, Pat, _} | R]} ->
+                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(Pat), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
             {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letfun, _, F, _, _, _} | R]} ->
                 Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
             {typed, _, E, T}       -> Plus(Expr(E), Type(T));

src/aeso_vm_decode.erl

@@ -18,9 +18,14 @@ from_aevm(word, {id, _, "address"},                     N) -> address_literal(ac
 from_aevm(word, {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle"}, _},       N) -> address_literal(oracle_pubkey, N);
 from_aevm(word, {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle_query"}, _}, N) -> address_literal(oracle_query_id, N);
 from_aevm(word, {con, _, _Name},                        N) -> address_literal(contract_pubkey, N);
-from_aevm(word, {id, _, "int"},     N) -> <<N1:256/signed>> = <<N:256>>, {int, [], N1};
-from_aevm(word, {id, _, "bits"},    N) -> error({todo, bits, N});
-from_aevm(word, {id, _, "bool"},    N) -> {bool, [], N /= 0};
+from_aevm(word, {id, _, "int"}, N0) ->
+    <<N:256/signed>> = <<N0:256>>,
+    if N < 0 -> {app, [{format, prefix}], {'-', []}, [{int, [], -N}]};
+       true  -> {int, [], N} end;
+from_aevm(word, {id, _, "bits"}, N0) ->
+    <<N:256/signed>> = <<N0:256>>,
+    make_bits(N);
+from_aevm(word, {id, _, "bool"}, N) -> {bool, [], N /= 0};
 from_aevm(word, {bytes_t, _, Len}, Val) when Len =< 32 ->
     <<Bytes:Len/unit:8, _/binary>> = <<Val:32/unit:8>>,
     {bytes, [], <<Bytes:Len/unit:8>>};
@@ -55,6 +60,7 @@ from_aevm({variant, VmCons}, {variant_t, Cons}, {variant, Tag, Args})
     VmTypes = lists:nth(Tag + 1, VmCons),
     ConType = lists:nth(Tag + 1, Cons),
     from_aevm(VmTypes, ConType, Args);
+from_aevm([], {constr_t, _, Con, []}, []) -> Con;
 from_aevm(VmTypes, {constr_t, _, Con, Types}, Args)
         when length(VmTypes) == length(Types),
              length(VmTypes) == length(Args) ->
@@ -70,8 +76,10 @@ from_fate({app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle"}, _}, ?FATE_ORACLE(Bin)) -> {oracle_pubkey
 from_fate({app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle_query"}, _}, ?FATE_ORACLE_Q(Bin)) -> {oracle_query_id, [], Bin};
 from_fate({con, _, _Name},  ?FATE_CONTRACT(Bin)) -> {contract_pubkey, [], Bin};
 from_fate({bytes_t, _, N},  ?FATE_BYTES(Bin)) when byte_size(Bin) == N -> {bytes, [], Bin};
-from_fate({id, _, "bits"},  ?FATE_BITS(Bin)) -> error({todo, bits, Bin});
-from_fate({id, _, "int"},     N) when is_integer(N) -> {int, [], N};
+from_fate({id, _, "bits"},  ?FATE_BITS(N)) -> make_bits(N);
+from_fate({id, _, "int"},     N) when is_integer(N) ->
+    if N < 0 -> {app, [{format, prefix}], {'-', []}, [{int, [], -N}]};
+       true  -> {int, [], N} end;
 from_fate({id, _, "bool"},    B) when is_boolean(B) -> {bool, [], B};
 from_fate({id, _, "string"}, S) when is_binary(S) -> {string, [], S};
 from_fate({app_t, _, {id, _, "list"}, [Type]}, List) when is_list(List) ->
@@ -87,6 +95,8 @@ from_fate({tuple_t, _, Types}, ?FATE_TUPLE(Val))
         when length(Types) == tuple_size(Val) ->
     {tuple, [], [from_fate(Type, X)
                  || {Type, X} <- lists:zip(Types, tuple_to_list(Val))]};
+from_fate({record_t, [{field_t, _, FName, FType}]}, Val) ->
+    {record, [], [{field, [], [{proj, [], FName}], from_fate(FType, Val)}]};
 from_fate({record_t, Fields}, ?FATE_TUPLE(Val))
         when length(Fields) == tuple_size(Val) ->
     {record, [], [ {field, [], [{proj, [], FName}], from_fate(FType, X)}
@@ -105,9 +115,23 @@ from_fate({variant_t, Cons}, {variant, Ar, Tag, Args})
             from_fate(ConType, ArgList);
         _ -> throw(cannot_translate_to_sophia)
     end;
+from_fate({constr_t, _, Con, []}, []) -> Con;
 from_fate({constr_t, _, Con, Types}, Args)
         when length(Types) == length(Args) ->
     {app, [], Con, [ from_fate(Type, Arg)
                      || {Type, Arg} <- lists:zip(Types, Args) ]};
 from_fate(_Type, _Data) ->
     throw(cannot_translate_to_sophia).
+
+
+make_bits(N) ->
+    Id = fun(F) -> {qid, [], ["Bits", F]} end,
+    if N < 0 -> make_bits(Id("clear"), Id("all"), 0, bnot N);
+       true  -> make_bits(Id("set"), Id("none"), 0, N) end.
+
+make_bits(_Set, Zero, _I, 0) -> Zero;
+make_bits(Set, Zero, I, N) when 0 == N rem 2 ->
+    make_bits(Set, Zero, I + 1, N div 2);
+make_bits(Set, Zero, I, N) ->
+    {app, [], Set, [make_bits(Set, Zero, I + 1, N div 2), {int, [], I}]}.
+

src/aesophia.app.src

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {application, aesophia,
  [{description, "Contract Language for aeternity"},
-  {vsn, "4.0.0-rc3"},
+  {vsn, "5.0.0"},
   {registered, []},
   {applications,
    [kernel,

test/aeso_abi_tests.erl

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ encode_decode_sophia_test() ->
                                 Other -> Other
                               end end,
     ok = Check("int", "42"),
-    ok = Check("int", "-42"),
+    ok = Check("int", "- 42"),
     ok = Check("bool", "true"),
     ok = Check("bool", "false"),
     ok = Check("string", "\"Hello\""),

test/aeso_aci_tests.erl

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ test_contract(N) ->
     {Contract,MapACI,DecACI} = test_cases(N),
     {ok,JSON} = aeso_aci:contract_interface(json, Contract),
     ?assertEqual([MapACI], JSON),
-    ?assertEqual({ok, DecACI}, aeso_aci:render_aci_json(JSON)).
+    ?assertEqual({ok, DecACI}, aeso_aci:render_aci_json(JSON)),
+    %% Check if the compiler provides correct aci
+    {ok,#{aci := JSON2}} = aeso_compiler:from_string(Contract, [{aci, json}]),
+    ?assertEqual(JSON, JSON2).
 
 test_cases(1) ->
     Contract = <<"payable contract C =\n"
@@ -80,11 +83,11 @@ test_cases(3) ->
     DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
                "  type state = unit\n"
                "  datatype event = SingleEventDefined\n"
-	       "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
-	       "  entrypoint a : (C.bert(string)) => int\n">>,
+               "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
+               "  entrypoint a : (C.bert(string)) => int\n">>,
     {Contract,MapACI,DecACI}.
 
-%% Rounttrip
+%% Roundtrip
 aci_test_() ->
     [{"Testing ACI generation for " ++ ContractName,
       fun() -> aci_test_contract(ContractName) end}
@@ -94,8 +97,13 @@ all_contracts() -> aeso_compiler_tests:compilable_contracts().
 
 aci_test_contract(Name) ->
     String = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name),
-    Opts   = [{include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}],
+    Opts   = case lists:member(Name, aeso_compiler_tests:debug_mode_contracts()) of
+                 true  -> [debug_mode];
+                 false -> []
+             end ++ [{include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}],
     {ok, JSON} = aeso_aci:contract_interface(json, String, Opts),
+    {ok, #{aci := JSON1}} = aeso_compiler:from_string(String, [{aci, json}, {backend, fate} | Opts]),
+    ?assertEqual(JSON, JSON1),
 
     io:format("JSON:\n~p\n", [JSON]),
     {ok, ContractStub} = aeso_aci:render_aci_json(JSON),
@@ -106,7 +114,7 @@ aci_test_contract(Name) ->
     ok.
 
 check_stub(Stub, Options) ->
-    case aeso_parser:string(binary_to_list(Stub), Options) of
+    try aeso_parser:string(binary_to_list(Stub), Options) of
         Ast ->
             try
                 %% io:format("AST: ~120p\n", [Ast]),
@@ -117,9 +125,8 @@ check_stub(Stub, Options) ->
                   _:R ->
                 io:format("Error: ~p\n", [R]),
                 error(R)
-            end;
-        {error, E} ->
-            io:format("Error: ~p\n", [E]),
-            error({parse_error, E})
+            end
+    catch throw:{error, Errs} ->
+        _ = [ io:format("~s\n", [aeso_errors:pp(E)]) || E <- Errs ],
+        error({parse_errors, Errs})
     end.
-

test/aeso_calldata_tests.erl

@@ -29,11 +29,10 @@ calldata_test_() ->
                   true -> ast_exprs(ContractString, Fun, Args, [{backend, fate}]);
                   false -> undefined
               end,
-           case FateExprs == undefined orelse AevmExprs == undefined of
-               true -> ok;
-               false ->
-                   ?assertEqual(FateExprs, AevmExprs)
-           end
+           ParsedExprs = parse_args(Fun, Args),
+           [ ?assertEqual(ParsedExprs, AevmExprs) || AevmExprs /= undefined ],
+           [ ?assertEqual(ParsedExprs, FateExprs) || FateExprs /= undefined ],
+           ok
         end} || {ContractName, Fun, Args} <- compilable_contracts()].
 
 calldata_aci_test_() ->
@@ -53,19 +52,34 @@ calldata_aci_test_() ->
                   true -> ast_exprs(ContractACI, Fun, Args, [{backend, fate}]);
                   false -> undefined
               end,
-           case FateExprs == undefined orelse AevmExprs == undefined of
-               true -> ok;
-               false ->
-                   ?assertEqual(FateExprs, AevmExprs)
-           end
+           ParsedExprs = parse_args(Fun, Args),
+           [ ?assertEqual(ParsedExprs, AevmExprs) || AevmExprs /= undefined ],
+           [ ?assertEqual(ParsedExprs, FateExprs) || FateExprs /= undefined ],
+           ok
         end} || {ContractName, Fun, Args} <- compilable_contracts()].
 
+parse_args(Fun, Args) ->
+    [{contract, _, _, [{letfun, _, _, _, _, {app, _, _, AST}}]}] =
+        aeso_parser:string("contract Temp = function foo() = " ++ Fun ++ "(" ++ string:join(Args, ", ") ++ ")"),
+    strip_ann(AST).
+
+strip_ann(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+    strip_ann1(setelement(2, T, []));
+strip_ann(X) -> strip_ann1(X).
+
+strip_ann1({map, [], KVs}) ->
+    {map, [], [{strip_ann(K), strip_ann(V)} || {K, V} <- KVs]};
+strip_ann1(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+    list_to_tuple(strip_ann1(tuple_to_list(T)));
+strip_ann1(L) when is_list(L) ->
+    lists:map(fun strip_ann/1, L);
+strip_ann1(X) -> X.
 
 ast_exprs(ContractString, Fun, Args, Opts) ->
     {ok, Data} = (catch aeso_compiler:create_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Args, Opts)),
     {ok, _Types, Exprs} = (catch aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Data, Opts)),
     ?assert(is_list(Exprs)),
-    Exprs.
+    strip_ann(Exprs).
 
 check_errors(Expect, ErrorString) ->
     %% This removes the final single \n as well.
@@ -85,7 +99,9 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      {"maps", "init", []},
      {"funargs", "menot", ["false"]},
      {"funargs", "append", ["[\"false\", \" is\", \" not\", \" true\"]"]},
-     %% TODO {"funargs", "bitsum", ["Bits.all"]},
+     {"funargs", "bitsum", ["Bits.all"]},
+     {"funargs", "bitsum", ["Bits.clear(Bits.clear(Bits.all, 4), 2)"]}, %% Order matters for test
+     {"funargs", "bitsum", ["Bits.set(Bits.set(Bits.none, 4), 2)"]},
      {"funargs", "read", ["{label = \"question 1\", result = 4}"]},
      {"funargs", "sjutton", ["#0011012003100011012003100011012003"]},
      {"funargs", "sextiosju", ["#01020304050607080910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940"
@@ -97,6 +113,7 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      {"funargs", "traffic_light", ["Pantone(12)"]},
      {"funargs", "tuples", ["()"]},
      %% TODO {"funargs", "due", ["FixedTTL(1020)"]},
+     {"funargs", "singleton_rec", ["{x = 1000}"]},
      {"variant_types", "init", []},
      {"basic_auth", "init", []},
      {"address_literals", "init", []},
@@ -126,4 +143,4 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
 not_yet_compilable(fate) ->
     [];
 not_yet_compilable(aevm) ->
-    [].
+    ["funargs", "strings"].

test/aeso_compiler_tests.erl

@@ -12,6 +12,14 @@
 
 -include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
 
+run_test(Test) ->
+    TestFun = list_to_atom(lists:concat([Test, "_test_"])),
+    [ begin
+          io:format("~s\n", [Label]),
+          Fun()
+      end || {Label, Fun} <- ?MODULE:TestFun() ],
+    ok.
+
 %%  Very simply test compile the given contracts. Only basic checks
 %%  are made on the output, just that it is a binary which indicates
 %%  that the compilation worked.
@@ -31,7 +39,7 @@ simple_compile_test_() ->
                    error(ErrBin)
            end
        end} || ContractName <- compilable_contracts(), Backend <- [aevm, fate],
-               not lists:member(ContractName, not_yet_compilable(Backend))] ++
+               not lists:member(ContractName, not_compilable_on(Backend))] ++
     [ {"Test file not found error",
        fun() ->
            {error, Errors} = aeso_compiler:file("does_not_exist.aes"),
@@ -102,7 +110,15 @@ compile(Backend, Name) ->
 
 compile(Backend, Name, Options) ->
     String = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name),
-    case aeso_compiler:from_string(String, [{src_file, Name ++ ".aes"}, {backend, Backend} | Options]) of
+    Options1 =
+        case lists:member(Name, debug_mode_contracts()) of
+            true  -> [debug_mode];
+            false -> []
+        end ++
+        [ {src_file, Name ++ ".aes"}, {backend, Backend}
+        , {include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}
+        ] ++ Options,
+    case aeso_compiler:from_string(String, Options1) of
         {ok, Map}                                        -> Map;
         {error, ErrorString} when is_binary(ErrorString) -> ErrorString;
         {error, Errors}                                  -> Errors
@@ -130,6 +146,7 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "test",
      "builtin_bug",
      "builtin_map_get_bug",
+     "lc_record_bug",
      "nodeadcode",
      "deadcode",
      "variant_types",
@@ -137,6 +154,7 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "events",
      "include",
      "basic_auth",
+     "basic_auth_tx",
      "bitcoin_auth",
      "address_literals",
      "bytes_equality",
@@ -145,6 +163,7 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "bytes_to_x",
      "bytes_concat",
      "aens",
+     "aens_update",
      "tuple_match",
      "cyclic_include",
      "stdlib_include",
@@ -152,11 +171,28 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "manual_stdlib_include",
      "list_comp",
      "payable",
-     "unapplied_builtins"
+     "unapplied_builtins",
+     "underscore_number_literals",
+     "pairing_crypto",
+     "qualified_constructor",
+     "let_patterns",
+     "lhs_matching",
+     "more_strings",
+     "protected_call",
+     "hermetization_turnoff"
     ].
 
-not_yet_compilable(fate) -> [];
-not_yet_compilable(aevm) -> [].
+not_compilable_on(fate) -> [];
+not_compilable_on(aevm) ->
+    [ "stdlib_include", "manual_stdlib_include", "pairing_crypto"
+    , "aens_update", "basic_auth_tx", "more_strings"
+    , "unapplied_builtins", "bytes_to_x", "state_handling", "protected_call"
+    , "hermetization_turnoff"
+
+    ].
+
+debug_mode_contracts() ->
+    ["hermetization_turnoff"].
 
 %% Contracts that should produce type errors
 
@@ -175,6 +211,8 @@ not_yet_compilable(aevm) -> [].
 -define(PARSE_ERROR(Name, Errs), ?ERROR("Parse", Name, Errs)).
 
 failing_contracts() ->
+    {ok, V} = aeso_compiler:numeric_version(),
+    Version = list_to_binary(string:join([integer_to_list(N) || N <- V], ".")),
     %% Parse errors
     [ ?PARSE_ERROR(field_parse_error,
        [<<?Pos(5, 26)
@@ -285,9 +323,22 @@ failing_contracts() ->
           "Repeated name x in pattern\n"
           "  x :: x (at line 26, column 7)">>,
         <<?Pos(44, 14)
-          "Repeated argument x to function repeated_arg (at line 44, column 14).">>,
-        <<?Pos(44, 14)
-          "Repeated argument y to function repeated_arg (at line 44, column 14).">>,
+          "Repeated names x, y in pattern\n"
+          "  (x : int, y, x : string, y : bool) (at line 44, column 14)">>,
+        <<?Pos(44, 39)
+          "Cannot unify int\n"
+          "         and string\n"
+          "when checking the type of the expression at line 44, column 39\n"
+          "  x : int\n"
+          "against the expected type\n"
+          "  string">>,
+        <<?Pos(44, 72)
+          "Cannot unify int\n"
+          "         and string\n"
+          "when checking the type of the expression at line 44, column 72\n"
+          "  x : int\n"
+          "against the expected type\n"
+          "  string">>,
         <<?Pos(14, 24)
           "No record type with fields y, z (at line 14, column 24)">>,
         <<?Pos(15, 26)
@@ -301,7 +352,14 @@ failing_contracts() ->
         <<?Pos(54, 5)
           "Let binding at line 54, column 5 must be followed by an expression">>,
         <<?Pos(58, 5)
-          "Let binding at line 58, column 5 must be followed by an expression">>])
+          "Let binding at line 58, column 5 must be followed by an expression">>,
+        <<?Pos(63, 5)
+          "Cannot unify int\n"
+          "         and bool\n"
+          "when checking the type of the expression at line 63, column 5\n"
+          "  id(n) : int\n"
+          "against the expected type\n"
+          "  bool">>])
     , ?TYPE_ERROR(init_type_error,
        [<<?Pos(7, 3)
           "Cannot unify string\n"
@@ -336,83 +394,21 @@ failing_contracts() ->
         [<<?Pos(12, 42)
            "Cannot unify int\n"
            "         and string\n"
-           "when checking the record projection at line 12, column 42\n"
-           "  r.foo : (gas : int, value : int) => Remote.themap\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 12, column 42\n"
+           "  r.foo() : map(int, string)\n"
            "against the expected type\n"
-           "  (gas : int, value : int) => map(string, int)">>])
-    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_include_and_ns,
-        [<<?Pos(2, 11)
-           "Include of 'included.aes' at line 2, column 11\nnot allowed, include only allowed at top level.">>,
-         <<?Pos(3, 13)
-           "Nested namespace not allowed\nNamespace 'Foo' at line 3, column 13 not defined at top level.">>])
+           "  map(string, int)">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(not_toplevel_include,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 11)
+                     "Include of 'included.aes' at line 2, column 11\nnot allowed, include only allowed at top level.">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(not_toplevel_namespace,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 13)
+                     "Nested namespaces are not allowed\nNamespace 'Foo' at line 2, column 13 not defined at top level.">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(not_toplevel_contract,
+        [<<?Pos(2, 12)
+           "Nested contracts are not allowed\nContract 'Con' at line 2, column 12 not defined at top level.">>])
     , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_address_literals,
-        [<<?Pos(32, 5)
-           "The type bytes(32) is not a contract type\n"
-           "when checking that the contract literal at line 32, column 5\n"
-           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
-           "has the type\n"
-           "  bytes(32)">>,
-         <<?Pos(30, 5)
-           "The type oracle(int, bool) is not a contract type\n"
-           "when checking that the contract literal at line 30, column 5\n"
-           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
-           "has the type\n"
-           "  oracle(int, bool)">>,
-         <<?Pos(28, 5)
-           "The type address is not a contract type\n"
-           "when checking that the contract literal at line 28, column 5\n"
-           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
-           "has the type\n"
-           "  address">>,
-         <<?Pos(25, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle_query('a, 'b)\n"
-           "         and Remote\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 25, column 5\n"
-           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
-           "    oracle_query('a, 'b)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  Remote">>,
-         <<?Pos(23, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle_query('c, 'd)\n"
-           "         and bytes(32)\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 23, column 5\n"
-           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
-           "    oracle_query('c, 'd)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  bytes(32)">>,
-         <<?Pos(21, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle_query('e, 'f)\n"
-           "         and oracle(int, bool)\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 21, column 5\n"
-           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
-           "    oracle_query('e, 'f)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  oracle(int, bool)">>,
-         <<?Pos(18, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle('g, 'h)\n"
-           "         and Remote\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 18, column 5\n"
-           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
-           "    oracle('g, 'h)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  Remote">>,
-         <<?Pos(16, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle('i, 'j)\n"
-           "         and bytes(32)\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 16, column 5\n"
-           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
-           "    oracle('i, 'j)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  bytes(32)">>,
-         <<?Pos(14, 5)
-           "Cannot unify oracle('k, 'l)\n"
-           "         and oracle_query(int, bool)\n"
-           "when checking the type of the expression at line 14, column 5\n"
-           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
-           "    oracle('k, 'l)\n"
-           "against the expected type\n"
-           "  oracle_query(int, bool)">>,
-         <<?Pos(11, 5)
+        [<<?Pos(11, 5)
            "Cannot unify address\n"
            "         and oracle(int, bool)\n"
            "when checking the type of the expression at line 11, column 5\n"
@@ -432,7 +428,79 @@ failing_contracts() ->
            "when checking the type of the expression at line 7, column 5\n"
            "  ak_2gx9MEFxKvY9vMG5YnqnXWv1hCsX7rgnfvBLJS4aQurustR1rt : address\n"
            "against the expected type\n"
-           "  bytes(32)">>])
+           "  bytes(32)">>,
+         <<?Pos(14, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle('a, 'b)\n"
+           "         and oracle_query(int, bool)\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 14, column 5\n"
+           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
+           "    oracle('a, 'b)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  oracle_query(int, bool)">>,
+         <<?Pos(16, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle('c, 'd)\n"
+           "         and bytes(32)\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 16, column 5\n"
+           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
+           "    oracle('c, 'd)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  bytes(32)">>,
+         <<?Pos(18, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle('e, 'f)\n"
+           "         and Remote\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 18, column 5\n"
+           "  ok_2YNyxd6TRJPNrTcEDCe9ra59SVUdp9FR9qWC5msKZWYD9bP9z5 :\n"
+           "    oracle('e, 'f)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  Remote">>,
+         <<?Pos(21, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle_query('g, 'h)\n"
+           "         and oracle(int, bool)\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 21, column 5\n"
+           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
+           "    oracle_query('g, 'h)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  oracle(int, bool)">>,
+         <<?Pos(23, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle_query('i, 'j)\n"
+           "         and bytes(32)\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 23, column 5\n"
+           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
+           "    oracle_query('i, 'j)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  bytes(32)">>,
+         <<?Pos(25, 5)
+           "Cannot unify oracle_query('k, 'l)\n"
+           "         and Remote\n"
+           "when checking the type of the expression at line 25, column 5\n"
+           "  oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY :\n"
+           "    oracle_query('k, 'l)\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  Remote">>,
+         <<?Pos(28, 5)
+           "The type address is not a contract type\n"
+           "when checking that the contract literal\n"
+           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
+           "has the type\n"
+           "  address">>,
+         <<?Pos(30, 5)
+           "The type oracle(int, bool) is not a contract type\n"
+           "when checking that the contract literal\n"
+           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
+           "has the type\n"
+           "  oracle(int, bool)">>,
+         <<?Pos(32, 5)
+           "The type bytes(32) is not a contract type\n"
+           "when checking that the contract literal\n"
+           "  ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ\n"
+           "has the type\n"
+           "  bytes(32)">>,
+         <<?Pos(34, 5),
+           "The type address is not a contract type\n"
+           "when checking that the call to\n"
+           "  Address.to_contract\n"
+           "has the type\n"
+           "  address">>])
     , ?TYPE_ERROR(stateful,
        [<<?Pos(13, 35)
           "Cannot reference stateful function Chain.spend (at line 13, column 35)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail1.">>,
@@ -494,11 +562,15 @@ failing_contracts() ->
          "Cannot unify int\n         and string\nwhen checking the type of the pattern at line 2, column 53\n  x : int\nagainst the expected type\n  string">>
       ])
     , ?TYPE_ERROR(map_as_map_key,
-       [<<?Pos(5, 25)
+       [<<?Pos(5, 47)
          "Invalid key type\n"
          "  map(int, int)\n"
          "Map keys cannot contain other maps.">>,
-        <<?Pos(6, 25)
+        <<?Pos(6, 31)
+         "Invalid key type\n"
+         "  list(map(int, int))\n"
+         "Map keys cannot contain other maps.">>,
+        <<?Pos(6, 31)
          "Invalid key type\n"
          "  lm\n"
          "Map keys cannot contain other maps.">>])
@@ -542,7 +614,7 @@ failing_contracts() ->
             "Failed to resolve byte array lengths in call to Bytes.split with argument of type\n"
             "  - 'f  (at line 12, column 20)\n"
             "and result types\n"
-            "  - 'e  (at line 13, column 5)\n"
+            "  - 'e  (at line 12, column 25)\n"
             "  - bytes(20)  (at line 12, column 29)">>,
           <<?Pos(16, 5)
             "Failed to resolve byte array lengths in call to Bytes.split with argument of type\n"
@@ -555,7 +627,112 @@ failing_contracts() ->
             "  - 'b  (at line 18, column 20)\n"
             "and result types\n"
             "  - bytes(20)  (at line 18, column 25)\n"
-            "  - 'a  (at line 19, column 5)">>])
+            "  - 'a  (at line 18, column 37)">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(wrong_compiler_version,
+        [<<?Pos(1, 1)
+           "Cannot compile with this version of the compiler,\n"
+           "because it does not satisfy the constraint ", Version/binary, " < 1.0">>,
+         <<?Pos(2, 1)
+           "Cannot compile with this version of the compiler,\n"
+           "because it does not satisfy the constraint ", Version/binary, " == 9.9.9">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(multiple_contracts,
+         [<<?Pos(2, 3)
+            "Only the main contract can contain defined functions or entrypoints.\n"
+            "Fix: replace the definition of 'foo' by a type signature.">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(contract_as_namespace,
+         [<<?Pos(5, 28)
+            "Invalid call to contract entrypoint 'Foo.foo'.\n"
+            "It must be called as 'c.foo' for some c : Foo.">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(toplevel_let,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 7)
+                     "Toplevel \"let\" definitions are not supported\n"
+                     "Value this_is_illegal at line 2, column 7 could be replaced by 0-argument function">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(empty_typedecl,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 8)
+                     "Empty type declarations are not supported\n"
+                     "Type t at line 2, column 8 lacks a definition">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(higher_kinded_type,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 35)
+                     "Type 'm is a higher kinded type variable\n"
+                     "(takes another type as an argument)">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_arity,
+                  [<<?Pos(3, 20)
+                     "Arity for id doesn't match. Expected 1, got 0">>,
+                   <<?Pos(3, 25)
+                     "Cannot unify int\n"
+                     "         and id\n"
+                     "when checking the type of the expression at line 3, column 25\n"
+                     "  123 : int\n"
+                     "against the expected type\n"
+                     "  id">>,
+                   <<?Pos(4, 20)
+                     "Arity for id doesn't match. Expected 1, got 2">>,
+                   <<?Pos(4, 35)
+                     "Cannot unify int\n"
+                     "         and id(int, int)\n"
+                     "when checking the type of the expression at line 4, column 35\n"
+                     "  123 : int\n"
+                     "against the expected type\n"
+                     "  id(int, int)">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_unnamed_map_update_default,
+                  [<<?Pos(4, 17)
+                     "Invalid map update with default">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(non_functional_entrypoint,
+                  [<<?Pos(2, 14)
+                     "f at line 2, column 14 was declared with an invalid type int.\n"
+                     "Entrypoints and functions must have functional types">>])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_records,
+        [<<?Pos(3, 16)
+           "Mixed record fields and map keys in\n"
+           "  {x = 0, [0] = 1}">>,
+         <<?Pos(4, 6)
+           "Mixed record fields and map keys in\n"
+           "  r {x = 0, [0] = 1}">>,
+         <<?Pos(5, 6)
+           "Empty record/map update\n"
+           "  r {}">>
+        ])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_protected_call,
+        [<<?Pos(6, 22)
+           "Invalid 'protected' argument\n"
+           "  (0 : int) == (1 : int) : bool\n"
+           "It must be either 'true' or 'false'.">>
+        ])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_function_block,
+                  [<<?Pos(4, 5)
+                     "Mismatch in the function block. Expected implementation/type declaration of g function">>,
+                   <<?Pos(5, 5)
+                     "Mismatch in the function block. Expected implementation/type declaration of g function">>
+                  ])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(just_an_empty_file,
+                  [<<?Pos(0, 0)
+                     "Empty contract">>
+                  ])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_number_of_args,
+                  [<<?Pos(3, 39)
+                     "Cannot unify () => unit\n"
+                     "         and (int) => 'a\n",
+                     "when checking the application at line 3, column 39 of\n"
+                     "  f : () => unit\n"
+                     "to arguments\n"
+                     "  1 : int">>,
+                   <<?Pos(4, 20)
+                     "Cannot unify (int, string) => 'e\n"
+                     "         and (int) => 'd\n"
+                     "when checking the application at line 4, column 20 of\n"
+                     "  g : (int, string) => 'e\n"
+                     "to arguments\n"
+                     "  1 : int">>,
+                   <<?Pos(5, 20)
+                     "Cannot unify (int, string) => 'c\n"
+                     "         and (string) => 'b\n"
+                     "when checking the application at line 5, column 20 of\n"
+                     "  g : (int, string) => 'c\nto arguments\n"
+                     "  \"Litwo, ojczyzno moja\" : string">>
+                  ])
+    , ?TYPE_ERROR(bad_state,
+                  [<<?Pos(4, 16)
+                     "Conflicting updates for field 'foo'">>])
     ].
 
 -define(Path(File), "code_errors/" ??File).
@@ -671,3 +848,49 @@ failing_code_gen_contracts() ->
             "The state cannot contain functions in the AEVM. Use FATE if you need this.")
     ].
 
+validation_test_() ->
+    [{"Validation fail: " ++ C1 ++ " /= " ++ C2,
+      fun() ->
+        Actual = case validate(C1, C2) of
+                    {error, Errs} -> Errs;
+                    ok -> #{}
+                 end,
+        check_errors(Expect, Actual)
+      end} || {C1, C2, Expect} <- validation_fails()] ++
+    [{"Validation of " ++ C,
+      fun() ->
+        ?assertEqual(ok, validate(C, C))
+      end} || C <- compilable_contracts()].
+
+validation_fails() ->
+    [{"deadcode", "nodeadcode",
+      [<<"Data error:\n"
+         "Byte code does not match source code.\n"
+         "- Functions in the source code but not in the byte code:\n"
+         "    .MyList.map2">>]},
+     {"validation_test1", "validation_test2",
+      [<<"Data error:\n"
+         "Byte code does not match source code.\n"
+         "- The implementation of the function code_fail is different.\n"
+         "- The attributes of the function attr_fail differ:\n"
+         "    Byte code:   payable\n"
+         "    Source code: \n"
+         "- The type of the function type_fail differs:\n"
+         "    Byte code:   integer => integer\n"
+         "    Source code: {tvar,0} => {tvar,0}">>]},
+     {"validation_test1", "validation_test3",
+      [<<"Data error:\n"
+         "Byte code contract is not payable, but source code contract is.">>]}].
+
+validate(Contract1, Contract2) ->
+    ByteCode = #{ fate_code := FCode } = compile(fate, Contract1),
+    FCode1   = aeb_fate_code:serialize(aeb_fate_code:strip_init_function(FCode)),
+    Source   = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Contract2),
+    aeso_compiler:validate_byte_code(
+      ByteCode#{ byte_code := FCode1 }, Source,
+      case lists:member(Contract2, debug_mode_contracts()) of
+          true  -> [debug_mode];
+          false -> []
+      end ++
+      [{backend, fate}, {include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}]).
+

test/aeso_parser_tests.erl

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 -include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
 
+id(X) -> X.
+
 simple_contracts_test_() ->
     {foreach,
      fun() -> ok end,
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ simple_contracts_test_() ->
                    "  function id(x) = x\n",
             ?assertMatch(
                 [{contract, _, {con, _, "Identity"},
-                    [{letfun, _, {id, _, "id"}, [{arg, _, {id, _, "x"}, {id, _, "_"}}], {id, _, "_"},
+                    [{letfun, _, {id, _, "id"}, [{id, _, "x"}], {id, _, "_"},
                         {id, _, "x"}}]}], parse_string(Text)),
             ok
        end},
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ simple_contracts_test_() ->
                     end,
             Parse = fun(S) ->
                     try remove_line_numbers(parse_expr(S))
-                    catch _:_ -> ?assertMatch(ok, {parse_fail, S}) end
+                    catch _:_ -> ?assertMatch(ok, id({parse_fail, S})) end
                 end,
             CheckParens = fun(Expr) ->
                     ?assertEqual(Parse(NoPar(Expr)), Parse(Par(Expr)))
@@ -38,7 +40,6 @@ simple_contracts_test_() ->
             LeftAssoc  = fun(Op) -> CheckParens({{a, Op, b}, Op, c}) end,
             RightAssoc = fun(Op) -> CheckParens({a, Op, {b, Op, c}}) end,
             NonAssoc   = fun(Op) ->
-                            OpAtom = list_to_atom(Op),
                             ?assertThrow({error, [_]},
                                          parse_expr(NoPar({a, Op, {b, Op, c}}))) end,
             Stronger = fun(Op1, Op2) ->
@@ -62,7 +63,8 @@ simple_contracts_test_() ->
      %% Parse tests of example contracts
      [ {lists:concat(["Parse the ", Contract, " contract."]),
         fun() -> roundtrip_contract(Contract) end}
-        || Contract <- [counter, voting, all_syntax, '05_greeter', aeproof, multi_sig, simple_storage, fundme, dutch_auction] ]
+        || Contract <- [counter, voting, all_syntax, '05_greeter', aeproof,
+                        multi_sig, simple_storage, fundme, dutch_auction, utf8] ]
     }.
 
 parse_contract(Name) ->
@@ -77,14 +79,14 @@ parse_string(Text, Opts) ->
     aeso_parser:string(Text, Opts).
 
 parse_expr(Text) ->
-    [{letval, _, _, _, Expr}] =
+    [{letval, _, _, Expr}] =
         parse_string("let _ = " ++ Text),
     Expr.
 
 round_trip(Text) ->
     Contract  = parse_string(Text),
     Text1     = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(strip_stdlib(Contract))),
-    Contract1 = parse_string(Text1),
+    Contract1 = parse_string(aeso_scan:utf8_encode(Text1)),
     NoSrcLoc  = remove_line_numbers(Contract),
     NoSrcLoc1 = remove_line_numbers(Contract1),
     ?assertMatch(NoSrcLoc, diff(NoSrcLoc, NoSrcLoc1)).

test/contracts/05_greeter.aes

@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@ contract Greeter =
 
     let state = { greeting = "Hello" }
 
-    let setGreeting =
-        (greeting: string) =>
+    function setGreeting(greeting: string) =
             state{ greeting = greeting }
 
 

test/contracts/address_literals.aes

@@ -11,4 +11,6 @@ contract AddressLiterals =
     oq_2oRvyowJuJnEkxy58Ckkw77XfWJrmRgmGaLzhdqb67SKEL1gPY
   entrypoint contr() : Remote =
     ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ
+  entrypoint contr_addr() : Remote =
+    Address.to_contract(addr())
 

test/contracts/aens.aes

@@ -33,7 +33,22 @@ contract AENSTest =
                                 sign : signature) : unit =
     AENS.claim(addr, name, salt, name_fee, signature = sign)
 
-  // TODO: update() -- how to handle pointers?
+
+  stateful entrypoint update(owner      : address,
+                             name       : string,
+                             ttl        : option(Chain.ttl),
+                             client_ttl : option(int),
+                             pointers   : option(map(string, AENS.pointee))) : unit =
+    AENS.update(owner, name, ttl, client_ttl, pointers)
+
+  stateful entrypoint signedUpdate(owner      : address,
+                                   name       : string,
+                                   ttl        : option(Chain.ttl),
+                                   client_ttl : option(int),
+                                   pointers   : option(map(string, AENS.pointee)),
+                                   sign       : signature) : unit =
+    AENS.update(owner, name, ttl, client_ttl, pointers, signature = sign)
+
 
   stateful entrypoint transfer(owner     : address,
                              new_owner : address,

test/contracts/aens_update.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+contract AENSUpdate =
+  stateful entrypoint update_name(owner : address, name : string) =
+    let p1 : AENS.pointee = AENS.AccountPt(Call.caller)
+    let p2 : AENS.pointee = AENS.OraclePt(Call.caller)
+    let p3 : AENS.pointee = AENS.ContractPt(Call.caller)
+    let p4 : AENS.pointee = AENS.ChannelPt(Call.caller)
+    AENS.update(owner, name, None, None,
+                Some({ ["account_pubkey"] = p1, ["oracle_pubkey"] = p2,
+                       ["contract_pubkey"] = p3, ["misc"] = p4 }))
+
+  entrypoint get_ttl(name : string) =
+    switch(AENS.lookup(name))
+     Some(AENS.Name(_, FixedTTL(ttl), _)) => ttl
+
+  entrypoint expiry(o : oracle(int, int)) : int =
+    Oracle.expiry(o)
+

test/contracts/all_syntax.aes

@@ -1,44 +1,82 @@
 // Try to cover all syntactic constructs.
+@compiler > 0
+@compiler =< 10.1.1.1.1.1.2.3.4
 
-contract AllSyntaxType =
-  type typeDecl /* bla */
-  type paramTypeDecl('a, 'b)
 
+namespace Ns =
+  datatype d('a) = D | S(int) | M('a, list('a), int)
+  private function fff() = 123
+
+  stateful entrypoint
+    f (1, x) = (_) => x
+
+payable contract AllSyntaxType =
   /** Multi-
     * line
     * comment
     */
-  function foo : _
+  stateful function foo : _
+  entrypoint bar : int => (int * 'a)
+
 
 contract AllSyntax =
 
-  type typeDecl = int
-  type paramTypeDecl('a, 'b) = (('a, 'b) => 'b) => list('a) => 'b => 'b
+  datatype mickiewicz = Adam | Mickiewicz
+  record goethe('a, 'b) = {
+    johann : int,
+    wolfgang : 'a,
+    von : 'a * 'b * int,
+    goethe : unit
+    }
+  type dante = Ns.d(int)
+  type shakespeare('a) = goethe('a, 'a)
 
-  record nestedRecord = { x : int }
-  record recordType = { z : nestedRecord, y : int }
-  datatype variantType('a) = None | Some('a)
+  type state = shakespeare(int)
 
-  let valWithType : map(int, int) => option(int) = (m) => Map.get(m, 42)
-  let valNoType =
-        if(valWithType(Map.empty) == None)
-          print(42 mod 10 * 5 / 3)
+  entrypoint init() = {
+    johann = 1000,
+    wolfgang = -10,
 
-  function funWithType(x : int, y) : int * list(int) = (x, 0 :: [y] ++ [])
-  function funNoType() =
-    let foo = (x, y : bool) =>
-                if (! (y && x =< 0x0b || true)) [x]
-                else [11..20]
-    let setY(r : recordType) : unit = r{ y = 5 }
-    let setX(r : recordType, x : int) : recordType = r { z.x = x }  // nested record update
-    let getY(r) = switch(r) {y = y} => y
-    switch (funWithType(1, -2))
-      (x, [y, z]) => bar({x = z, y = -y + - -z * (-1)})
-      (x, y :: _) => ()
+/* TODO: This does not compile because of bug in the parser tester.
+    von = (2 + 2, 0, List.sum([x | k <- [1,2,3]
+                                 , let l = k + 1
+                                 , if(l < 10)
+                                 , let f(x) = x + 100
+                                 , Adam <- [Adam, Mickiewicz]
+                                 , let x = f(l)
+                                 ])),
+*/
+    von = (2 + 2, 0, List.sum([1,2,3,4])),
+    goethe = () }
 
-  let hash : address = #01ab0fff11
-  let b = false
-  let qcon = Mod.Con
-  let str = "blabla\nfoo"
-  let chr = '"'
+  function f() =
+     let kp = "nietzsche"
+     // let p = "Пушкин" // TODO: this also doesn't do right round_trip...
+     let k(x : bytes(8)) : bytes(8) = Bytes.to_int(#fedcba9876543210)
 
+     let f : () => address = () => ak_2gx9MEFxKvY9vMG5YnqnXWv1hCsX7rgnfvBLJS4aQurustR1rt
+     if(Bits.test(Bits.all, 10))
+       abort("ohno")
+     if(true && false)
+       require(true, "ohyes")
+     elif(false || 2 == 2)
+       ()
+     else
+       ()
+     if(true) f(1,2)((1,2))
+     else switch(1::[1,2,3])
+       [] => 1
+       a::b => 123
+       1::2::3 => 123123
+       [2,3,4] => 1
+       _ => 13
+       1::[2] => 2138
+     put(state{johann = 1})
+     
+     let m = {["foo"] = 19, /*hey wanna talk about inlined comments?*/ ["bar"] = 42}
+     let n = {}
+     m{ ["x" = 0] @ z = z + state.johann }
+
+     let sh : shakespeare(shakespeare(int)) =
+       {wolfgang = state}
+     sh{wolfgang.wolfgang = sh.wolfgang} // comment

test/contracts/bad_address_literals.aes

@@ -30,4 +30,6 @@ contract AddressLiterals =
     ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ
   entrypoint contr3() : bytes(32) =
     ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ
+  entrypoint contr4() : address =
+    Address.to_contract(Contract.address)
 

test/contracts/bad_arity.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+contract C =
+  type id('a) = 'a
+  entrypoint f() : id = 123
+  entrypoint g() : id(int, int) = 123

test/contracts/bad_function_block.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract C =
+  function
+    g(1) = 2
+    f(2) = 3
+    h(1) = 123

test/contracts/bad_number_of_args.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+contract Test =
+  entrypoint f() = ()
+  entrypoint g(x : int, y : string) = f(1)
+  entrypoint h() = g(1)
+  entrypoint i() = g("Litwo, ojczyzno moja")
+  

test/contracts/bad_protected_call.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+contract Remote =
+  entrypoint id : int => int
+
+contract ProtectedCall =
+  entrypoint bad(r : Remote) =
+    r.id(protected = 0 == 1, 18)

test/contracts/bad_records.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract BadRecord =
+  entrypoint foo() =
+    let r = {x = 0, [0] = 1}
+    r{x = 0, [0] = 1}
+    r{}

test/contracts/bad_state.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract C =
+  record state = { foo : int }
+  entrypoint init(i : int) =
+    state{ foo = i,
+           foo = 42 }

test/contracts/bad_unnamed_map_update_default.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract C =
+  entrypoint f() =
+    let z = 123
+    {}{ [1 = 0] = z + 1 }
+    2

test/contracts/basic_auth.aes

@@ -15,3 +15,5 @@ contract BasicAuth =
   entrypoint to_sign(h : hash, n : int) =
     Crypto.blake2b((h, n))
 
+  entrypoint weird_string() : string =
+    "\x19Weird String\x42\nMore\n"

test/contracts/basic_auth_tx.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// namespace Chain =
+//   record tx = { paying_for : option(Chain.paying_for_tx)
+//               , ga_metas : list(Chain.ga_meta_tx)
+//               , actor : address
+//               , fee   : int
+//               , ttl   : int
+//               , tx    : Chain.base_tx }
+
+//   datatype ga_meta_tx = GAMetaTx(address, int)
+//   datatype paying_for_tx = PayingForTx(address, int)
+//   datatype base_tx = SpendTx(address, int, string)
+//                    | OracleRegisterTx | OracleQueryTx | OracleResponseTx | OracleExtendTx
+//                    | NamePreclaimTx | NameClaimTx(hash) | NameUpdateTx(string)
+//                    | NameRevokeTx(hash) | NameTransferTx(address, string)
+//                    | ChannelCreateTx(address) | ChannelDepositTx(address, int) | ChannelWithdrawTx(address, int) |
+//                    | ChannelForceProgressTx(address) | ChannelCloseMutualTx(address) | ChannelCloseSoloTx(address)
+//                    | ChannelSlashTx(address) | ChannelSettleTx(address) | ChannelSnapshotSoloTx(address)
+//                    | ContractCreateTx(int) | ContractCallTx(address, int)
+//                    | GAAttachTx
+
+
+// Contract replicating "normal" Aeternity authentication
+contract BasicAuthTx =
+  record state = { nonce : int, owner : address }
+  datatype foo = Bar | Baz()
+
+  entrypoint init() = { nonce = 1, owner = Call.caller }
+
+  stateful entrypoint authorize(n : int, s : signature) : bool =
+    require(n >= state.nonce, "Nonce too low")
+    require(n =< state.nonce, "Nonce too high")
+    put(state{ nonce = n + 1 })
+    switch(Auth.tx_hash)
+      None          => abort("Not in Auth context")
+      Some(tx_hash) =>
+        let Some(tx0) = Auth.tx
+        let x : option(Chain.paying_for_tx) = tx0.paying_for
+        let x : list(Chain.ga_meta_tx) = tx0.ga_metas
+        let x : int = tx0.fee + tx0.ttl
+        let x : address = tx0.actor
+        let x : Chain.tx = { tx = Chain.NamePreclaimTx, paying_for = None, ga_metas = [],
+                             fee = 123, ttl = 0, actor = Call.caller }
+        switch(tx0.tx)
+          Chain.SpendTx(receiver, amount, payload) => verify(tx_hash, n, s)
+          Chain.OracleRegisterTx                   => false
+          Chain.OracleQueryTx                      => false
+          Chain.OracleResponseTx                   => false
+          Chain.OracleExtendTx                     => false
+          Chain.NamePreclaimTx                     => false
+          Chain.NameClaimTx(name)                  => false
+          Chain.NameUpdateTx(name)                 => false
+          Chain.NameRevokeTx(name)                 => false
+          Chain.NameTransferTx(to, name)           => false
+          Chain.ChannelCreateTx(other_party)       => false
+          Chain.ChannelDepositTx(channel, amount)  => false
+          Chain.ChannelWithdrawTx(channel, amount) => false
+          Chain.ChannelForceProgressTx(channel)    => false
+          Chain.ChannelCloseMutualTx(channel)      => false
+          Chain.ChannelCloseSoloTx(channel)        => false
+          Chain.ChannelSlashTx(channel)            => false
+          Chain.ChannelSettleTx(channel)           => false
+          Chain.ChannelSnapshotSoloTx(channel)     => false
+          Chain.ContractCreateTx(amount)           => false
+          Chain.ContractCallTx(ct_address, amount) => false
+          Chain.GAAttachTx                         => false
+
+  function verify(tx_hash, n, s) =
+    Crypto.verify_sig(to_sign(tx_hash, n), state.owner, s)
+
+  entrypoint to_sign(h : hash, n : int) =
+    Crypto.blake2b((h, n))
+
+  entrypoint weird_string() : string =
+    "\x19Weird String\x42\nMore\n"

test/contracts/bytes_to_x.aes

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-
+include "String.aes"
 contract BytesToX =
 
   entrypoint to_int(b : bytes(42)) : int = Bytes.to_int(b)

test/contracts/channel_on_chain_contract_oracle.aes

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ contract ChannelOnChainContractOracle =
       bets     = {}
       }
 
-  public stateful function place_bet(answer: string) = 
+  public stateful function place_bet(answer: string) =
     switch(Map.lookup(answer, state.bets))
       None =>
         put(state{ bets = state.bets{[answer] = Call.caller}})
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ contract ChannelOnChainContractOracle =
       Some(_value) =>
         "bet_already_taken"
 
+  public function expiry() =
+    Oracle.expiry(state.oracle)
+
   public function query_fee() =
     Oracle.query_fee(state.oracle)
 
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ contract ChannelOnChainContractOracle =
     switch(Oracle.get_answer(state.oracle, q))
       None         =>
         "no response"
-      Some(result) => 
+      Some(result) =>
         if(state.question == Oracle.get_question(state.oracle, q))
             switch(Map.lookup(result, state.bets))
               None         =>

test/contracts/contract_as_namespace.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+contract Foo =
+  entrypoint foo : () => int
+
+contract Fail =
+  entrypoint bad() : int = Foo.foo()
+

test/contracts/empty_typedecl.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+contract C =
+  type t
+  entrypoint f() = 123

test/contracts/factorial.aes

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ contract Factorial =
 
   stateful entrypoint set_worker(worker) = put(state{worker = worker})
 
-  entrypoint fac(x : int) : int =
-    if(x == 0) 1
-    else x * state.worker.fac(x - 1)
-
+  entrypoint
+    fac : int => int
+    fac(0) = 1
+    fac(x) = x * state.worker.fac(x - 1)

test/contracts/funargs.aes

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-
+include "String.aes"
 contract FunctionArguments =
 
   entrypoint sum(n : int, m: int) =
@@ -45,3 +45,8 @@ contract FunctionArguments =
 
   entrypoint due(t : Chain.ttl) =
      true
+
+  record singleton_r = { x : int }
+
+  entrypoint singleton_rec(r : singleton_r) =
+    r.x

test/contracts/hermetization_turnoff.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+namespace M =
+  function mf() = mg()
+  function mg() = mf()
+
+namespace N =
+  function nf() = ng() + M.mf() + M.mg()
+  private function ng() = nf() + M.mf() + M.mg()
+
+contract C =
+  entrypoint f() = N.ng() + N.nf() + g()
+  function g() = N.ng() + N.nf() + f()

test/contracts/higher_kinded_type.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+contract IWantToBelieve =
+  type stateT('s, 'm, 'a) = 's => 'm('a * 's)
+  entrypoint s() = 123

test/contracts/lc_record_bug.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+contract Foo =
+  record r = {x : int}
+  // Crashed in the backend due to missing type annotation on the lc body.
+  entrypoint lc(xs) = [ {x = x} | x <- xs ]

test/contracts/let_patterns.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+contract LetPatterns =
+
+  record r = {x : int, y : int, b : bool}
+
+  entrypoint test() = foo([1, 0], (2, 3), Some(4), {x = 5, y = 6, b = false})
+
+  entrypoint foo(xs : list(int), p : int * int, some : option(int), r : r) =
+    let x :: _  = xs
+    let (a, b)  = p
+    let Some(n) = some
+    let {x = i, y = j} = r
+    x + a + b + n + i + j
+
+  entrypoint lc(xs : list(option(int))) : list(int) =
+    [ x | Some(x) <- xs ]

test/contracts/lhs_matching.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+contract LHSMatching =
+
+  function from_some(Some(x)) = x
+
+  function
+    length : list('a) => int
+    length([])      = 0
+    length(_ :: xs) = 1 + length(xs)
+
+  function
+    append([], ys)      = ys
+    append(x :: xs, ys) = x :: append(xs, ys)
+
+  function local_match(xs : list('a)) =
+    let null([])     = true
+    let null(_ :: _) = false
+    !null(xs)
+
+  entrypoint main() =
+    from_some(Some([0]))
+      ++ append([length([true]), 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
+      ++ [7 | if (local_match([false]))]

test/contracts/more_strings.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+include "String.aes"
+contract StringX =
+  entrypoint test() =
+    let s1 = "a string"
+    let s2 = "another string"
+    let s  = String.concat(s1, s2)
+    String.sha256(s)
+    String.length(s1)
+    String.from_list(String.to_list(s))
+    String.split(4, s1)
+    String.at(2, s2)
+    String.tokens(s, ",")
+    String.to_upper(s1)
+    String.to_lower(s2)

test/contracts/multi_sig.aes

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ contract MultiSig =
       | OwnerRemoved (address)          // of { .removedOwner : Address }
       | ReqChanged   (int)             // of { .newReq : int }
 
-    let maxOwners : int = 250
+    function maxOwners() : int = 250
 
     record state = { nRequired    : int
                  , nOwners      : int
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ contract MultiSig =
       switch(check_pending(callhash()))
         CheckFail(state') => { state = state' }
         CheckOk(state') =>
-            if(state.nOwners >= maxOwners) () /* TODO */
+            if(state.nOwners >= maxOwners()) () /* TODO */
             else
               let nOwners' = state'.nOwners + 1
               { state = state' { owners    = Map.insert(nOwners', newOwner, state'.owners)

test/contracts/multiple_contracts.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract ContractOne =
+  entrypoint foo() = "foo"
+
+contract ContractTwo =
+  entrypoint bar() = "bar"

test/contracts/non_functional_entrypoint.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+contract C1 =
+  entrypoint f : int
+
+contract C =
+  entrypoint f() = 123

test/contracts/not_toplevel_contract.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+namespace BadNs =
+  contract Con =
+    entrypoint e : () => int
+
+contract Con =
+  entrypoint foo() = 43

test/contracts/not_toplevel_include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+namespace BadNs =
+  include "included.aes"
+
+contract Con =
+  entrypoint foo() = 43

test/contracts/not_toplevel_namespace.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-contract Bad =
-  include "included.aes"
+contract BadCon =
   namespace Foo =
     function foo() = 42
 

test/contracts/pairing_crypto.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+include "BLS12_381.aes"
+
+contract GrothVerify =
+  type fr = BLS12_381.fr
+  type g1 = BLS12_381.g1
+  type g2 = BLS12_381.g2
+
+  record proof = { a : g1, b : g2, c : g1 }
+  record verify_key = { a : g1, b : g2, c : g2, d : g2, ic : list(g1) }
+
+  record state = { vk : verify_key }
+
+  entrypoint init(vk0 : verify_key) = {vk = vk0}
+
+  entrypoint verify_proof(p : proof, input : list(fr)) =
+    let vk = state.vk
+    let vk_x = calc_vk_x(vk.ic, input)
+
+    BLS12_381.pairing_check([BLS12_381.g1_neg(p.a), vk.a, vk_x, p.c],
+                            [p.b, vk.b, vk.c, vk.d])
+
+  function calc_vk_x(ics : list(g1), xs : list(fr)) =
+    switch(ics)
+      (ic :: ics) => calc_vk_x_(ic, ics, xs)
+
+  function calc_vk_x_(vk_x : g1, ics : list(g1), xs : list(fr)) =
+    switch((ics, xs))
+      ([], []) => vk_x
+      (ic :: ics, x :: xs) => calc_vk_x_(BLS12_381.g1_add(vk_x, BLS12_381.g1_mul(x, ic)), ics, xs)
+

test/contracts/protected_call.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+contract Remote =
+  entrypoint id : int => int
+
+contract ProtectedCall =
+
+  function higher_order(r : Remote) =
+    r.id
+
+  entrypoint test_ok(r : Remote) =
+    let f = higher_order(r)
+    let Some(n) = r.id(protected = true, 10)
+    let Some(m) = f(protected = true, 5)
+    n + m + r.id(protected = false, 100) + f(1)
+

test/contracts/qualified_constructor.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+namespace Foo =
+  datatype x = A | B(int)
+
+contract Bar =
+  entrypoint f(a : Foo.x) =
+    switch(a)
+      Foo.A     => 0
+      Foo.B(n)  => n

test/contracts/stack.aes

@@ -8,10 +8,9 @@ contract Stack =
 
   entrypoint init(ss : list(string)) = { stack = ss, size = length(ss) }
 
-  function length(xs) =
-    switch(xs)
-      [] => 0
-      _ :: xs => length(xs) + 1
+  function
+    length([])      = 0
+    length(_ :: xs) = length(xs) + 1
 
   stateful entrypoint pop() : string =
     switch(state.stack)

test/contracts/state_handling.aes

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+include "String.aes"
 contract Remote =
   record rstate = { i : int, s : string, m : map(int, int) }
 

test/contracts/strings.aes

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+include "String.aes"
 contract Strings =
     entrypoint str_len(s) = String.length(s)
     entrypoint str_concat(s1, s2) = String.concat(s1, s2)

test/contracts/toplevel_let.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+contract C =
+  let this_is_illegal = 2/0
+  entrypoint this_is_legal() = 2/0

test/contracts/type_errors.aes

@@ -57,3 +57,8 @@ contract Test =
     let f() = 0
     let g() = f()
 
+  function id(x : 'a) : 'a = x
+
+  entrypoint wrong_return(n : int) : bool =
+    id(n)
+

test/contracts/unapplied_builtins.aes

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 //    AENS.transfer
 //    AENS.revoke
 //    Oracle.extend
+include "String.aes"
 contract UnappliedBuiltins =
   entrypoint main() = ()
   type o = oracle(int, int)
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ contract UnappliedBuiltins =
   function b_abort()                     = abort
   function b_require()                   = require
   function oracle_query_fee()            = Oracle.query_fee
+  function oracle_expiry()               = Oracle.expiry
   stateful function oracle_query()       = Oracle.query        : (o, _, _, _, _) => _
   function oracle_get_question()         = Oracle.get_question : (o, _) => _
   function oracle_get_answer()           = Oracle.get_answer   : (o, _) => _

test/contracts/underscore_number_literals.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+contract UnderscoreNumberLiterals =
+
+  entrypoint ints() : list(int) =
+    [ 1_999_000_000,
+      19_99_00_00_00,
+      0xfff_FFF_010 ]
+
+  entrypoint bytes() : list(bytes(4)) =
+    [ #abcd_ef_00,
+      #01_02_03_04,
+      #aaaa_FFFF ]
+

test/contracts/utf8.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+contract UTF8 =
+  entrypoint f1() : char = '1'
+  entrypoint f2() : char = '+'
+  entrypoint f3() : char = 'd'
+  entrypoint f4() : char = 'X'
+  entrypoint f5() : char = 'å'
+  entrypoint f6() : char = 'Ä'
+  entrypoint f7() : char = 'æ'
+  entrypoint f8() : char = 'ë'
+  entrypoint f9() : char = 'ẻ'
+  entrypoint f10() : char = '\x27'
+  entrypoint f11() : char = '\x{2200}'
+  entrypoint f12() : char = '💩'
+  entrypoint f13() : char = '\n'
+
+
+
+  // entrypoint f13() : char = 'e̊'
+  // entrypoint f14() : char = '\Ì'
+
+  // '💩' vs. map('a,'b)

test/contracts/validation_test1.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+contract ValidationTest =
+  payable entrypoint attr_fail() = ()
+  entrypoint type_fail(x : int) = x
+  entrypoint code_fail(x) = x + 1

test/contracts/validation_test2.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+contract ValidationTest =
+  entrypoint attr_fail() = ()
+  entrypoint type_fail(x) = x
+  entrypoint code_fail(x) = x - 1

test/contracts/validation_test3.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+payable contract ValidationTest =
+  payable entrypoint attr_fail() = ()
+  entrypoint type_fail(x : int) = x
+  entrypoint code_fail(x) = x + 1

test/contracts/voting.aes

@@ -1,16 +1,3 @@
-
-/* Contract type */
-contract VotingType =
-  type state
-  function init            : list(string) => state
-
-  function giveRightToVote : address => unit
-  function delegate        : address => unit
-  function vote            : int => unit
-  function winnerName      : unit => string
-  function currentTally    : unit => list(string * int)
-
-/* Contract implementation */
 contract Voting =
 
   // Types

test/contracts/wrong_compiler_version.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+@compiler < 1.0
+@compiler == 9.9.9
+@compiler >= 0.1
+@compiler =< 100.0.1
+
+contract Fail =
+  entrypoint foo() = ()