Merge branch 'master' into radrow-patch-2

Compile name fee in contracts

.gitignore

@@ -19,3 +19,5 @@ rebar3.crashdump
 *.erl~
 *.aes~
 aesophia
+.qcci
+current_counterexample.eqc

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -6,9 +6,43 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 ### Added
+- Standard library support. `ListInternal` can be included implicitly if list comprehensions are used.
+- Added the `[a..b]` language construct, returning the list of numbers between
+  `a` and `b` (inclusive). Returns the empty list if `a` > `b`.
 ### Changed
 ### Removed
 
+## [4.0.0-rc1] - 2019-08-22
+### Added
+- FATE backend - the compiler is able to produce VM code for both `AEVM` and `FATE`. Many
+  of the APIs now take `{backend, aevm | fate}` to decide wich backend to produce artifacts
+  for.
+- New builtin functions `Crypto.ecrecover_secp256k1: (hash, bytes(65)) => option(bytes(20))`
+  and `Crypto.ecverify_secp256k1 : (hash, bytes(20), bytes(65)) => bool` for recovering
+  and verifying an Ethereum address for a message hash and a signature.
+- Sophia supports list comprehensions known from languages like Python, Haskell or Erlang.
+  Example syntax:
+```
+[x + y | x <- [1,2,3,4,5], let k = x*x, if (k > 5), y <- [k, k+1, k+2]]
+// yields [12,13,14,20,21,22,30,31,32]
+```
+- A new contract, and endpoint, modifier `payable` is introduced. Contracts, and enpoints,
+  that shall be able to receive funds should be marked as payable. `Address.is_payable(a)`
+  can be used to check if an (contract) address is payable or not.
+### Changed
+- New syntax for tuple types. Now 0-tuple type is encoded as `unit` instead of `()` and
+  regular tuples are encoded by interspersing inner types with `*`, for instance `int * string`.
+  Parens are not necessary. Note it only affects the types, values remain as their were before,
+  so `(1, "a") : int * string`
+- The `AENS.transfer` and `AENS.revoke` functions have been updated to take a name `string`
+  instead of a name `hash`.
+- Fixed a bug where the `AEVM` backend complained about a missing `init` function when
+  trying to generate calldata from an ACI-generated interface.
+- Compiler now returns the ABI-version in the compiler result map.
+- Renamed `Crypto.ecverify` and `Crypto.ecverify_secp256k1` into `Crypto.verify_sig` and
+  `Crypto.verify_sig_secp256k1` respectively.
+### Removed
+
 ## [3.2.0] - 2019-06-28
 ### Added
 - New builtin function `require : (bool, string) => ()`. Defined as
@@ -103,7 +137,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - Simplify calldata creation - instead of passing a compiled contract, simply
   pass a (stubbed) contract string.
 
-[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.2.0...HEAD
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v4.0.0-rc1...HEAD
+[4.0.0-rc1]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.2.0...v4.0.0-rc1
 [3.2.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.1.0...v3.2.0
 [3.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v3.0.0...v3.1.0
 [3.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.1.0...v3.0.0

priv/stdlib/Func.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+namespace Func =
+
+  function id(x : 'a) : 'a = x
+
+  function const(x : 'a) : 'b => 'a = (y) => x
+
+  function flip(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : ('b, 'a) => 'c = (b, a) => f(a, b)
+
+  function comp(f : 'b => 'c, g : 'a => 'b) : 'a => 'c = (x) => f(g(x))
+
+  function pipe(f : 'a => 'b, g : 'b => 'c) : 'a => 'c = (x) => g(f(x))
+
+  function rapply(x : 'a, f : 'a => 'b) : 'b = f(x)
+
+  /* The Z combinator - replacement for local and anonymous recursion.
+   */
+  function recur(f : ('arg => 'res, 'arg) => 'res) : 'arg => 'res =
+    (x) => f(recur(f), x)
+
+  function iter(n : int, f : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a = iter_(n, f, (x) => x)
+  private function iter_(n : int, f : 'a => 'a, acc : 'a => 'a) : 'a => 'a =
+    if(n == 0) acc
+    elif(n == 1) comp(f, acc)
+    else iter_(n / 2, comp(f, f), if(n mod 2 == 0) acc else comp(f, acc))
+
+  function curry2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : 'a => ('b => 'c) =
+    (x) => (y) => f(x, y)
+  function curry3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd)) =
+    (x) => (y) => (z) => f(x, y, z)
+
+  function uncurry2(f : 'a => ('b => 'c)) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+    (x, y) => f(x)(y)
+  function uncurry3(f : 'a => ('b => ('c => 'd))) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+    (x, y, z) => f(x)(y)(z)
+
+  function tuplify2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c) : (('a * 'b)) => 'c =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y) => f(x, y)
+  function tuplify3(f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd) : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd =
+    (t) => switch(t)
+      (x, y, z) => f(x, y, z)
+
+  function untuplify2(f : 'a * 'b => 'c) : ('a, 'b) => 'c =
+    (x, y) => f((x, y))
+  function untuplify3(f : 'a * 'b * 'c => 'd) : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd =
+    (x, y, z) => f((x, y, z))

priv/stdlib/List.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+include "ListInternal.aes"
+
+namespace List =
+
+  function is_empty(l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    [] => true
+    _  => false
+
+  function first(l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    h::_ => Some(h)
+
+  function tail(l : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    _::t => Some(t)
+
+  function last(l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []  => None
+    [x] => Some(x)
+    _::t => last(t)
+
+  function find(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => None
+    h::t => if(p(h)) Some(h) else find(p, t)
+
+  function find_indices(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list(int) = find_indices_(p, l, 0, [])
+  private function find_indices_( p : 'a => bool
+                                , l : list('a)
+                                , n : int
+                                , acc : list(int)
+                                ) : list(int) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => find_indices_(p, t, n+1, if(p(h)) n::acc else acc)
+
+  function nth(n : int, l : list('a)) : option('a) =
+    switch(l)
+      []   => None
+      h::t => if(n == 0) Some(h) else nth(n-1, t)
+
+  /* Unsafe version of `nth` */
+  function get(n : int, l : list('a)) : 'a =
+    switch(l)
+      [] => abort(if(n < 0) "Negative index get" else "Out of index get")
+      h::t => if(n == 0) h else get(n-1, t)
+
+
+  function length(l : list('a)) : int = length_(l, 0)
+  private function length_(l : list('a), acc : int) : int = switch(l)
+    []   => acc
+    _::t => length_(t, acc + 1)
+
+
+  function from_to(a : int, b : int) : list(int) = [a..b]
+
+  function from_to_step(a : int, b : int, s : int) : list(int) = from_to_step_(a, b, s, [])
+  private function from_to_step_(a, b, s, acc) =
+    if (a > b) reverse(acc) else from_to_step_(a + s, b, s, a :: acc)
+
+
+  /* Unsafe. Replaces `n`th element of `l` with `e`. Crashes on over/underflow */
+  function replace_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else replace_at_(n, e, l, [])
+  private function replace_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   switch(l)
+     []   => abort("replace_at overflow")
+     h::t => if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ t
+             else replace_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+
+  /* Unsafe. Adds `e` to `l` to be its `n`th element. Crashes on over/underflow */
+  function insert_at(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n<0) abort("insert_at underflow") else insert_at_(n, e, l, [])
+  private function insert_at_(n : int, e : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if (n == 0) reverse(e::acc) ++ l
+   else switch(l)
+     []   => abort("insert_at overflow")
+     h::t => insert_at_(n-1, e, t, h::acc)
+
+  function insert_by(cmp : (('a, 'a) => bool), x : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    insert_by_(cmp, x, l, [])
+  private function insert_by_(cmp : (('a, 'a) => bool), x : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    switch(l)
+      []   => reverse(x::acc)
+      h::t =>
+        if(cmp(x, h)) // x < h
+          reverse(acc) ++ (x::l)
+        else
+          insert_by_(cmp, x, t, h::acc)
+
+
+  function foldr(cons : ('a, 'b) => 'b, nil : 'b, l : list('a)) : 'b = switch(l)
+    []   => nil
+    h::t => cons(h, foldr(cons, nil, t))
+
+  function foldl(rcons : ('b, 'a) => 'b, acc : 'b, l : list('a)) : 'b = switch(l)
+    []   => acc
+    h::t => foldl(rcons, rcons(acc, h), t)
+
+  function foreach(l : list('a), f : 'a => unit) : unit =
+    switch(l)
+     []    => ()
+     e::l' =>
+       f(e)
+       foreach(l', f)
+
+  function reverse(l : list('a)) : list('a) = foldl((lst, el) => el :: lst, [], l)
+
+  function map(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a)) : list('b) = map_(f, l, [])
+  private function map_(f : 'a => 'b, l : list('a), acc : list('b)) : list('b) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => map_(f, t, f(h)::acc)
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => list('b), l : list('a)) : list('b) =
+    ListInternal.flat_map(f, l)
+
+  function filter(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = filter_(p, l, [])
+  private function filter_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => filter_(p, t, if(p(h)) h::acc else acc)
+
+  /* Take `n` first elements */
+  function take(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n < 0) abort("Take negative number of elements") else take_(n, l, [])
+  private function take_(n : int, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) =
+    if(n == 0) reverse(acc)
+    else switch(l)
+      []   => reverse(acc)
+      h::t => take_(n-1, t, h::acc)
+
+  /* Drop `n` first elements */
+  function drop(n : int, l : list('a)) : list('a) =
+   if(n < 0) abort("Drop negative number of elements")
+   elif (n == 0) l
+   else switch(l)
+      []   => []
+      h::t => drop(n-1, t)
+
+  /* Get the longest prefix of a list in which every element matches predicate `p` */
+  function take_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = take_while_(p, l, [])
+  private function take_while_(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => if(p(h)) take_while_(p, t, h::acc) else reverse(acc)
+
+  /* Drop elements from `l` until `p` holds */
+  function drop_while(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => if(p(h)) drop_while(p, t) else l
+
+  /* Splits list into two lists of elements that respectively match and don't match predicate `p` */
+  function partition(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : (list('a) * list('a)) = partition_(p, l, [], [])
+  private function partition_( p : 'a => bool
+                             , l : list('a)
+                             , acc_t : list('a)
+                             , acc_f : list('a)
+                             ) : (list('a) * list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []   => (reverse(acc_t), reverse(acc_f))
+    h::t => if(p(h)) partition_(p, t, h::acc_t, acc_f) else partition_(p, t, acc_t, h::acc_f)
+
+
+  function flatten(ll : list(list('a))) : list('a) = foldr((l1, l2) => l1 ++ l2, [], ll)
+
+  function all(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    []   => true
+    h::t => if(p(h)) all(p, t) else false
+
+  function any(p : 'a => bool, l : list('a)) : bool = switch(l)
+    []   => false
+    h::t => if(p(h)) true else any(p, t)
+
+  function sum(l : list(int)) : int = foldl ((a, b) => a + b, 0, l)
+
+  function product(l : list(int)) : int = foldl((a, b) => a * b, 1, l)
+
+
+  /* Zips two list by applying bimapping function on respective elements. Drops longer tail. */
+  function zip_with(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c, l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('c) = zip_with_(f, l1, l2, [])
+  private function zip_with_( f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
+                            , l1 : list('a)
+                            , l2 : list('b)
+                            , acc : list('c)
+                            ) : list('c) = switch ((l1, l2))
+    (h1::t1, h2::t2) => zip_with_(f, t1, t2, f(h1, h2)::acc)
+    _ => reverse(acc)
+
+  /* Zips two lists into list of pairs. Drops longer tail. */
+  function zip(l1 : list('a), l2 : list('b)) : list('a * 'b) = zip_with((a, b) => (a, b), l1, l2)
+
+  function unzip(l : list('a * 'b)) : list('a) * list('b) = unzip_(l, [], [])
+  private function unzip_( l     : list('a * 'b)
+                         , acc_l : list('a)
+                         , acc_r : list('b)
+                         ) : (list('a) * list('b)) = switch(l)
+    []               => (reverse(acc_l), reverse(acc_r))
+    (left, right)::t => unzip_(t, left::acc_l, right::acc_r)
+
+
+  // TODO: Improve?
+  function sort(lesser_cmp : ('a, 'a) => bool, l : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => []
+    h::t => switch (partition((x) => lesser_cmp(x, h), t))
+      (lesser, bigger) => sort(lesser_cmp, lesser) ++ h::sort(lesser_cmp, bigger)
+
+
+  function intersperse(delim : 'a, l : list('a)) : list('a) = intersperse_(delim, l, [])
+  private function intersperse_(delim : 'a, l : list('a), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    [e]  => reverse(e::acc)
+    h::t => intersperse_(delim, t, delim::h::acc)
+
+
+  function enumerate(l : list('a)) : list(int * 'a) = enumerate_(l, 0, [])
+  private function enumerate_(l : list('a), n : int, acc : list(int * 'a)) : list(int * 'a) = switch(l)
+    []   => reverse(acc)
+    h::t => enumerate_(t, n + 1, (n, h)::acc)
+

priv/stdlib/ListInternal.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+namespace ListInternal =
+
+  // -- Flatmap ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => list('b), xs : list('a)) : list('b) =
+    switch(xs)
+      []      => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) ++ flat_map(f, xs)
+
+  // -- From..to ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  function from_to(a : int, b : int) : list(int) = from_to_(a, b, [])
+
+  private function from_to_(a, b, acc) =
+    if (a > b) acc else from_to_(a, b - 1, b :: acc)
+

priv/stdlib/Option.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+include "List.aes"
+
+namespace Option =
+
+  function is_none(o : option('a)) : bool = switch(o)
+    None => true
+    Some(_) => false
+
+  function is_some(o : option('a)) : bool = switch(o)
+    None => false
+    Some(_) => true
+
+
+  function match(n : 'b, s : 'a => 'b, o : option('a)) : 'b = switch(o)
+    None => n
+    Some(x) => s(x)
+
+  function default(def : 'a, o : option('a)) : 'a = match(def, (x) => x, o)
+
+  function force(o : option('a)) : 'a = default(abort("Forced None value"), o)
+
+  function on_elem(o : option('a), f : 'a => unit) : unit = match((), f, o)
+
+  function map(f : 'a => 'b, o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch(o)
+    None => None
+    Some(x) => Some(f(x))
+
+  function map2(f : ('a, 'b) => 'c
+               , o1 : option('a)
+               , o2 : option('b)
+               ) : option('c) = switch((o1, o2))
+    (Some(x1), Some(x2)) => Some(f(x1, x2))
+    _ => None
+
+  function map3( f : ('a, 'b, 'c) => 'd
+               , o1 : option('a)
+               , o2 : option('b)
+               , o3 : option('c)
+               ) : option('d) = switch((o1, o2, o3))
+    (Some(x1), Some(x2), Some(x3)) => Some(f(x1, x2, x3))
+    _ => None
+
+  function app_over(f : option ('a => 'b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch((f, o))
+    (Some(ff), Some(xx)) => Some(ff(xx))
+    _ => None
+
+  function flat_map(f : 'a => option('b), o : option('a)) : option('b) = switch(o)
+    None => None
+    Some(x) => f(x)
+
+
+  function to_list(o : option('a)) : list('a) = switch(o)
+    None => []
+    Some(x) => [x]
+
+  function filter_options(l : list(option('a))) : list('a) = filter_options_(l, [])
+  private function filter_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : list('a) = switch(l)
+    []         => List.reverse(acc)
+    None::t    => filter_options_(t, acc)
+    Some(x)::t => filter_options_(t, x::acc)
+
+  function seq_options(l : list (option('a))) : option (list('a)) = seq_options_(l, [])
+  private function seq_options_(l : list (option('a)), acc : list('a)) : option(list('a)) = switch(l)
+    []         => Some(List.reverse(acc))
+    None::t    => None
+    Some(x)::t => seq_options_(t, x::acc)
+
+
+  function choose(o1 : option('a), o2 : option('a)) : option('a) =
+    if(is_some(o1)) o1 else o2
+
+  function choose_first(l : list(option('a))) : option('a) = switch(l)
+    [] => None
+    None::t    => choose_first(t)
+    Some(x)::_ => Some(x)
+

priv/stdlib/Pair.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+namespace Pair =
+
+  function fst(t : ('a * 'b)) : 'a = switch(t)
+    (x, _) => x
+
+  function snd(t : ('a * 'b)) : 'b = switch(t)
+    (_, y) => y
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'b) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (f(x), y)
+
+  function map2(f : 'b => 'c, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('a * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (x, f(y))
+
+  function bimap(f : 'a => 'c, g : 'b => 'd, t : ('a * 'b)) : ('c * 'd) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (f(x), g(y))
+
+  function swap(t : ('a * 'b)) : ('b * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y) => (y, x)
+

priv/stdlib/Triple.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+namespace Triple =
+
+  function fst(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'a = switch(t)
+    (x, _, _) => x
+
+  function snd(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'b = switch(t)
+    (_, y, _) => y
+
+  function thd(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : 'c = switch(t)
+    (_, _, z) => z
+
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('m * 'b * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (f(x), y, z)
+
+  function map2(f : 'b => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'm * 'c) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (x, f(y), z)
+
+  function map3(f : 'c => 'm, t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('a * 'b * 'm) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (x, y, f(z))
+
+  function trimap( f : 'a => 'x
+                 , g : 'b => 'y
+                 , h : 'c => 'z
+                 , t : ('a * 'b * 'c)
+                 ) : ('x * 'y * 'z) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (f(x), g(y), h(z))
+
+  function swap(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'b * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (z, y, x)
+
+  function rotr(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('c * 'a * 'b) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (z, x, y)
+
+  function rotl(t : ('a * 'b * 'c)) : ('b * 'c * 'a) = switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => (y, z, x)
+

rebar.config

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 {erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
 
-{deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git", {ref,"c63ac88"}}}
+{deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git", {ref,"72b2a58"}}}
        , {getopt, "1.0.1"}
        , {eblake2, "1.0.0"}
        , {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
             {base_plt_apps, [erts, kernel, stdlib, crypto, mnesia]}
            ]}.
 
-{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "3.2.0"},
+{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "4.0.0-rc1"},
          [aesophia, aebytecode, getopt]},
 
         {dev_mode, true},

rebar.lock

@@ -1,17 +1,21 @@
 {"1.1.0",
 [{<<"aebytecode">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git",
-       {ref,"c63ac888dd71c305cbc6d4f70953a176bf1f78f7"}},
+       {ref,"72b2a581d5a6d488a208331da88de1a488ac2da1"}},
   0},
  {<<"aeserialization">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aeserialization.git",
-       {ref,"816bf994ffb5cee218c3f22dc5fea296c9e0882e"}},
+       {ref,"47aaa8f5434b365c50a35bfd1490340b19241991"}},
   1},
  {<<"base58">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/erl-base58.git",
        {ref,"60a335668a60328a29f9731b67c4a0e9e3d50ab6"}},
   2},
  {<<"eblake2">>,{pkg,<<"eblake2">>,<<"1.0.0">>},0},
+ {<<"enacl">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/enacl.git",
+       {ref,"26180f42c0b3a450905d2efd8bc7fd5fd9cece75"}},
+  2},
  {<<"getopt">>,{pkg,<<"getopt">>,<<"1.0.1">>},0},
  {<<"jsx">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",

src/aeso_aci.erl

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ encode_contract(Contract = {contract, _, {con, _, Name}, _}) ->
                || F <- sort_decls(contract_funcs(Contract)),
                   is_entrypoint(F) ],
 
-    #{contract => C3#{functions => Fdefs}};
+    #{contract => C3#{functions => Fdefs, payable => is_payable(Contract)}};
 encode_contract(Namespace = {namespace, _, {con, _, Name}, _}) ->
     Tdefs = [ encode_typedef(T) || T <- sort_decls(contract_types(Namespace)) ],
     #{namespace => #{name => encode_name(Name),
@@ -125,12 +125,14 @@ encode_function(FDef = {letfun, _, {id, _, Name}, Args, Type, _}) ->
     #{name      => encode_name(Name),
       arguments => encode_args(Args),
       returns   => encode_type(Type),
-      stateful  => is_stateful(FDef)};
+      stateful  => is_stateful(FDef),
+      payable   => is_payable(FDef)};
 encode_function(FDecl = {fun_decl, _, {id, _, Name}, {fun_t, _, _, Args, Type}}) ->
     #{name      => encode_name(Name),
       arguments => encode_anon_args(Args),
       returns   => encode_type(Type),
-      stateful  => is_stateful(FDecl)}.
+      stateful  => is_stateful(FDecl),
+      payable   => is_payable(FDecl)}.
 
 encode_anon_args(Types) ->
     Anons = [ list_to_binary("_" ++ integer_to_list(X)) || X <- lists:seq(1, length(Types))],
@@ -234,12 +236,13 @@ do_render_aci_json(Json) ->
     {ok, list_to_binary(string:join(DecodedContracts, "\n"))}.
 
 decode_contract(#{contract := #{name := Name,
+                                payable := Payable,
                                 type_defs := Ts0,
                                 functions := Fs} = C}) ->
     MkTDef = fun(N, T) -> #{name => N, vars => [], typedef => T} end,
     Ts = [ MkTDef(<<"state">>, maps:get(state, C)) || maps:is_key(state, C) ] ++
          [ MkTDef(<<"event">>, maps:get(event, C)) || maps:is_key(event, C) ] ++ Ts0,
-    ["contract ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
+    [payable(Payable), "contract ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
      decode_tdefs(Ts), decode_funcs(Fs)];
 decode_contract(#{namespace := #{name := Name, type_defs := Ts}}) when Ts /= [] ->
     ["namespace ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
@@ -249,8 +252,8 @@ decode_contract(_) -> [].
 decode_funcs(Fs) -> [ decode_func(F) || F <- Fs ].
 
 %% decode_func(#{name := init}) -> [];
-decode_func(#{name := Name, arguments := As, returns := T}) ->
-    ["  entrypoint", " ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name]), " : ",
+decode_func(#{name := Name, payable := Payable, arguments := As, returns := T}) ->
+    ["  ", payable(Payable), "entrypoint ", io_lib:format("~s", [Name]), " : ",
      decode_args(As), " => ", decode_type(T), $\n].
 
 decode_args(As) ->
@@ -264,7 +267,10 @@ decode_types(Ets) ->
 
 decode_type(#{tuple := Ets}) ->
     Ts = decode_types(Ets),
-    [$(,lists:join(",", Ts),$)];
+    case Ts of
+        [] -> ["unit"];
+        _ -> [$(,lists:join(" * ", Ts),$)]
+    end;
 decode_type(#{record := Efs}) ->
     Fs = decode_fields(Efs),
     [${,lists:join(",", Fs),$}];
@@ -318,13 +324,16 @@ decode_deftype(#{record := _Efs}) -> "record";
 decode_deftype(#{variant := _})   -> "datatype";
 decode_deftype(_T)                      -> "type".
 
-decode_tvars([]) -> [];                         %No tvars, no parentheses
+decode_tvars([]) -> [];  %No tvars, no parentheses
 decode_tvars(Vs) ->
     Dvs = [ decode_tvar(V) || V <- Vs ],
     [$(,lists:join(", ", Dvs),$)].
 
 decode_tvar(#{name := N}) -> io_lib:format("~s", [N]).
 
+payable(true)  -> "payable ";
+payable(false) -> "".
+
 %% #contract{Ann, Con, [Declarations]}.
 
 contract_funcs({C, _, _, Decls}) when C == contract; C == namespace ->
@@ -349,6 +358,7 @@ sort_decls(Ds) ->
 
 is_entrypoint(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Node, false).
 is_stateful(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(stateful, Node, false).
+is_payable(Node) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(payable, Node, false).
 
 typedef_name({type_def, _, {id, _, Name}, _, _}) -> Name.
 

src/aeso_ast_infer_types.erl

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 
 -type fun_info()  :: {aeso_syntax:ann(), typesig() | type()}.
 -type type_info() :: {aeso_syntax:ann(), typedef()}.
--type var_info()  :: {aeso_syntax:ann(), type()}.
+-type var_info()  :: {aeso_syntax:ann(), utype()}.
 
 -type fun_env()  :: [{name(), fun_info()}].
 -type type_env() :: [{name(), type_info()}].
@@ -139,11 +139,11 @@ on_current_scope(Env = #env{ namespace = NS, scopes = Scopes }, Fun) ->
 on_scopes(Env = #env{ scopes = Scopes }, Fun) ->
     Env#env{ scopes = maps:map(fun(_, Scope) -> Fun(Scope) end, Scopes) }.
 
--spec bind_var(aeso_syntax:id(), type(), env()) -> env().
+-spec bind_var(aeso_syntax:id(), utype(), env()) -> env().
 bind_var({id, Ann, X}, T, Env) ->
     Env#env{ vars = [{X, {Ann, T}} | Env#env.vars] }.
 
--spec bind_vars([{aeso_syntax:id(), type()}], env()) -> env().
+-spec bind_vars([{aeso_syntax:id(), utype()}], env()) -> env().
 bind_vars([], Env) -> Env;
 bind_vars([{X, T} | Vars], Env) ->
     bind_vars(Vars, bind_var(X, T, Env)).
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ bind_tvars(Xs, Env) ->
 check_tvar(#env{ typevars = TVars}, T = {tvar, _, X}) ->
     case TVars == unrestricted orelse lists:member(X, TVars) of
         true  -> ok;
-        false -> type_error({unbound_type_variable, T})
+        false -> type_error({unbound_type, T})
     end,
     T.
 
@@ -363,6 +363,8 @@ global_env() ->
     Pair    = fun(A, B) -> {tuple_t, Ann, [A, B]} end,
     Fun     = fun(Ts, T) -> {type_sig, Ann, [], Ts, T} end,
     Fun1    = fun(S, T) -> Fun([S], T) end,
+    %% Lambda    = fun(Ts, T) -> {fun_t, Ann, [], Ts, T} end,
+    %% Lambda1   = fun(S, T) -> Lambda([S], T) end,
     StateFun  = fun(Ts, T) -> {type_sig, [stateful|Ann], [], Ts, T} end,
     TVar      = fun(X) -> {tvar, Ann, "'" ++ X} end,
     SignId    = {id, Ann, "signature"},
@@ -385,9 +387,10 @@ global_env() ->
                      {"FixedTTL",    Fun1(Int, TTL)},
                      %% Abort
                      {"abort", Fun1(String, A)},
-                     {"require", Fun([Bool, String], A)}])
+                     {"require", Fun([Bool, String], Unit)}])
         , types = MkDefs(
                     [{"int", 0}, {"bool", 0}, {"char", 0}, {"string", 0}, {"address", 0},
+                     {"unit", {[], {alias_t, Unit}}},
                      {"hash", {[], {alias_t, Bytes(32)}}},
                      {"signature", {[], {alias_t, Bytes(64)}}},
                      {"bits", 0},
@@ -440,9 +443,9 @@ global_env() ->
         { funs = MkDefs(
                      [{"resolve",  Fun([String, String], option_t(Ann, A))},
                       {"preclaim", SignFun([Address, Hash], Unit)},
-                      {"claim",    SignFun([Address, String, Int], Unit)},
-                      {"transfer", SignFun([Address, Address, Hash], Unit)},
-                      {"revoke",   SignFun([Address, Hash], Unit)}]) },
+                      {"claim",    SignFun([Address, String, Int, Int], Unit)},
+                      {"transfer", SignFun([Address, Address, String], Unit)},
+                      {"revoke",   SignFun([Address, String], Unit)}]) },
 
     MapScope = #scope
         { funs = MkDefs(
@@ -457,8 +460,10 @@ global_env() ->
     %% Crypto/Curve operations
     CryptoScope = #scope
         { funs = MkDefs(
-                     [{"ecverify", Fun([Hash, Address, SignId], Bool)},
-                      {"ecverify_secp256k1", Fun([Hash, Bytes(64), Bytes(64)], Bool)},
+                     [{"verify_sig",           Fun([Hash, Address, SignId], Bool)},
+                      {"verify_sig_secp256k1", Fun([Hash, Bytes(64), SignId], Bool)},
+                      {"ecverify_secp256k1",   Fun([Hash, Bytes(20), Bytes(65)], Bool)},
+                      {"ecrecover_secp256k1",  Fun([Hash, Bytes(65)], Option(Bytes(20)))},
                       {"sha3",     Fun1(A, Hash)},
                       {"sha256",   Fun1(A, Hash)},
                       {"blake2b",  Fun1(A, Hash)}]) },
@@ -500,7 +505,8 @@ global_env() ->
     IntScope     = #scope{ funs = MkDefs([{"to_str", Fun1(Int,     String)}]) },
     AddressScope = #scope{ funs = MkDefs([{"to_str", Fun1(Address, String)},
                                           {"is_oracle", Fun1(Address, Bool)},
-                                          {"is_contract", Fun1(Address, Bool)}]) },
+                                          {"is_contract", Fun1(Address, Bool)},
+                                          {"is_payable", Fun1(Address, Bool)}]) },
 
     #env{ scopes =
             #{ []           => TopScope
@@ -761,7 +767,9 @@ check_type(Env, Type = {fun_t, Ann, NamedArgs, Args, Ret}, Arity) ->
     {fun_t, Ann, NamedArgs1, Args1, Ret1};
 check_type(_Env, Type = {uvar, _, _}, Arity) ->
     ensure_base_type(Type, Arity),
-    Type.
+    Type;
+check_type(_Env, {args_t, Ann, Ts}, _) ->
+    type_error({new_tuple_syntax, Ann, Ts}).
 
 ensure_base_type(Type, Arity) ->
     [ type_error({wrong_type_arguments, Type, Arity, 0}) || Arity /= 0 ],
@@ -1073,6 +1081,58 @@ infer_expr(Env, {list, As, Elems}) ->
     ElemType = fresh_uvar(As),
     NewElems = [check_expr(Env, X, ElemType) || X <- Elems],
     {typed, As, {list, As, NewElems}, {app_t, As, {id, As, "list"}, [ElemType]}};
+infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, As, Yield, []}) ->
+    {typed, _, TypedYield, Type} = infer_expr(Env, Yield),
+    {typed, As, {list_comp, As, TypedYield, []}, {app_t, As, {id, As, "list"}, [Type]}};
+infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, Arg, BExpr}|Rest]}) ->
+    BindVarType = fresh_uvar(As),
+    TypedBind = {typed, As2, _, TypeBExpr} = infer_expr(Env, BExpr),
+    unify( Env
+         , TypeBExpr
+         , {app_t, As, {id, As, "list"}, [BindVarType]}
+         , {list_comp, TypedBind, TypeBExpr, {app_t, As2, {id, As, "list"}, [BindVarType]}}),
+    NewE = bind_var(Arg, BindVarType, Env),
+    {typed, _, {list_comp, _, TypedYield, TypedRest}, ResType} =
+        infer_expr(NewE, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}),
+    { typed
+    , As
+    , {list_comp, As, TypedYield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, Arg, BindVarType}, TypedBind}|TypedRest]}
+    , ResType};
+infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, AttrsL, Yield, [{comprehension_if, AttrsIF, Cond}|Rest]}) ->
+    NewCond = check_expr(Env, Cond, {id, AttrsIF, "bool"}),
+    {typed, _, {list_comp, _, TypedYield, TypedRest}, ResType} =
+        infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, AttrsL, Yield, Rest}),
+    { typed
+    , AttrsL
+    , {list_comp, AttrsL, TypedYield, [{comprehension_if, AttrsIF, NewCond}|TypedRest]}
+    , ResType};
+infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, AsLC, Yield, [{letval, AsLV, Pattern, Type, E}|Rest]}) ->
+    NewE = {typed, _, _, PatType} = infer_expr(Env, {typed, AsLV, E, arg_type(Type)}),
+    BlockType = fresh_uvar(AsLV),
+    {'case', _, NewPattern, NewRest} =
+        infer_case( Env
+                  , AsLC
+                  , Pattern
+                  , PatType
+                  , {list_comp, AsLC, Yield, Rest}
+                  , BlockType),
+    {typed, _, {list_comp, _, TypedYield, TypedRest}, ResType} = NewRest,
+    { typed
+    , AsLC
+    , {list_comp, AsLC, TypedYield, [{letval, AsLV, NewPattern, Type, NewE}|TypedRest]}
+    , ResType
+    };
+infer_expr(Env, {list_comp, AsLC, Yield, [Def={letfun, AsLF, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}) ->
+    {{Name, TypeSig}, LetFun} = infer_letfun(Env, Def),
+    FunT = freshen_type(AsLF, typesig_to_fun_t(TypeSig)),
+    NewE = bind_var({id, AsLF, Name}, FunT, Env),
+    {typed, _, {list_comp, _, TypedYield, TypedRest}, ResType} =
+        infer_expr(NewE, {list_comp, AsLC, Yield, Rest}),
+    { typed
+    , AsLC
+    , {list_comp, AsLC, TypedYield, [LetFun|TypedRest]}
+    , ResType
+    };
 infer_expr(Env, {typed, As, Body, Type}) ->
     Type1 = check_type(Env, Type),
     {typed, _, NewBody, NewType} = check_expr(Env, Body, Type1),
@@ -1267,7 +1327,7 @@ infer_block(Env, _, [E], BlockType) ->
     [check_expr(Env, E, BlockType)];
 infer_block(Env, Attrs, [Def={letfun, Ann, _, _, _, _}|Rest], BlockType) ->
     {{Name, TypeSig}, LetFun} = infer_letfun(Env, Def),
-    FunT = freshen_type(Ann, typesig_to_fun_t(TypeSig)),
+    FunT = typesig_to_fun_t(TypeSig),
     NewE = bind_var({id, Ann, Name}, FunT, Env),
     [LetFun|infer_block(NewE, Attrs, Rest, BlockType)];
 infer_block(Env, _, [{letval, Attrs, Pattern, Type, E}|Rest], BlockType) ->
@@ -1294,6 +1354,9 @@ infer_infix({RelOp, As})
     T = fresh_uvar(As),     %% allow any type here, check in ast_to_icode that we have comparison for it
     Bool = {id, As, "bool"},
     {fun_t, As, [], [T, T], Bool};
+infer_infix({'..', As}) ->
+    Int = {id, As, "int"},
+    {fun_t, As, [], [Int, Int], {app_t, As, {id, As, "list"}, [Int]}};
 infer_infix({'::', As}) ->
     ElemType = fresh_uvar(As),
     ListType = {app_t, As, {id, As, "list"}, [ElemType]},
@@ -2159,6 +2222,11 @@ pp_error({contract_has_no_entrypoints, Con}) ->
     io_lib:format("The contract ~s (at ~s) has no entrypoints. Since Sophia version 3.2, public\n"
                   "contract functions must be declared with the 'entrypoint' keyword instead of\n"
                   "'function'.\n", [pp_expr("", Con), pp_loc(Con)]);
+pp_error({unbound_type, Type}) ->
+    io_lib:format("Unbound type ~s (at ~s).\n", [pp_type("", Type), pp_loc(Type)]);
+pp_error({new_tuple_syntax, Ann, Ts}) ->
+    io_lib:format("Invalid type\n~s  (at ~s)\nThe syntax of tuple types changed in Sophia version 4.0. Did you mean\n~s\n",
+                  [pp_type("  ", {args_t, Ann, Ts}), pp_loc(Ann), pp_type("  ", {tuple_t, Ann, Ts})]);
 pp_error(Err) ->
     io_lib:format("Unknown error: ~p\n", [Err]).
 
@@ -2250,6 +2318,13 @@ pp_when({check_expr, Expr, Inferred0, Expected0}) ->
 pp_when({checking_init_type, Ann}) ->
     io_lib:format("when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at ~s\n",
                   [pp_loc(Ann)]);
+pp_when({list_comp, BindExpr, Inferred0, Expected0}) ->
+    {Inferred, Expected} = instantiate({Inferred0, Expected0}),
+    io_lib:format("when checking rvalue of list comprehension binding at ~s\n~s\n"
+                  "against type \n~s\n",
+                  [pp_loc(BindExpr), pp_typed("  ", BindExpr, Inferred), pp_type("  ", Expected)]
+                 );
+
 pp_when(unknown) -> "".
 
 -spec pp_why_record(why_record()) -> iolist().
@@ -2320,8 +2395,10 @@ pp({uvar, _, Ref}) ->
     ["?u" | integer_to_list(erlang:phash2(Ref, 16384)) ];
 pp({tvar, _, Name}) ->
     Name;
+pp({tuple_t, _, []}) ->
+    "unit";
 pp({tuple_t, _, Cpts}) ->
-    ["(", pp(Cpts), ")"];
+    ["(", string:join(lists:map(fun pp/1, Cpts), " * "), ")"];
 pp({bytes_t, _, any}) -> "bytes(_)";
 pp({bytes_t, _, Len}) ->
     ["bytes(", integer_to_list(Len), ")"];

src/aeso_ast_to_fcode.erl

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 -type option() :: term().
 
--type attribute() :: stateful | pure | private.
+-type attribute() :: stateful | payable | pure | private.
 
 -type fun_name() :: {entrypoint, binary()}
                   | {local_fun, [string()]}
@@ -32,8 +32,9 @@
               map_delete | map_member | map_size | string_length |
               string_concat | bits_set | bits_clear | bits_test | bits_sum |
               bits_intersection | bits_union | bits_difference |
-              contract_to_address | crypto_ecverify | crypto_ecverify_secp256k1 |
-              crypto_sha3 | crypto_sha256 | crypto_blake2b.
+              contract_to_address | crypto_verify_sig | crypto_verify_sig_secp256k1 |
+              crypto_sha3 | crypto_sha256 | crypto_blake2b |
+              crypto_ecverify_secp256k1 | crypto_ecrecover_secp256k1.
 
 -type flit() :: {int, integer()}
               | {string, binary()}
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@
                | nil
                | {var, var_name()}
                | {def, fun_name(), [fexpr()]}
-               | {remote, fexpr(), fun_name(), [fexpr()]}
+               | {remote, [ftype()], ftype(), fexpr(), fun_name(), [fexpr()]}
                | {builtin, builtin(), [fexpr()]}
                | {con, arities(), tag(), [fexpr()]}
                | {tuple, [fexpr()]}
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
                %% lambdas) are generated by the fcode compiler, but translated
                %% to closures by the lambda lifter.
                | {def_u, fun_name(), arity()}
-               | {remote_u, fexpr(), fun_name(), arity()}
+               | {remote_u, [ftype()], ftype(), fexpr(), fun_name()}
                | {builtin_u, builtin(), arity()}
                | {lam, [var_name()], fexpr()}.
 
@@ -108,7 +109,8 @@
 -type fcode() :: #{ contract_name := string(),
                     state_type    := ftype(),
                     event_type    := ftype() | none,
-                    functions     := #{ fun_name() => fun_def() } }.
+                    functions     := #{ fun_name() => fun_def() },
+                    payable       := boolean() }.
 
 -type type_def() :: fun(([ftype()]) -> ftype()).
 
@@ -183,19 +185,20 @@ builtins() ->
               {["Oracle"],   [{"register", 4}, {"query_fee", 1}, {"query", 5}, {"get_question", 2},
                               {"respond", 4}, {"extend", 3}, {"get_answer", 2},
                               {"check", 1}, {"check_query", 2}]},
-              {["AENS"],     [{"resolve", 2}, {"preclaim", 3}, {"claim", 4}, {"transfer", 4},
+              {["AENS"],     [{"resolve", 2}, {"preclaim", 3}, {"claim", 5}, {"transfer", 4},
                               {"revoke", 3}]},
               {["Map"],      [{"from_list", 1}, {"to_list", 1}, {"lookup", 2},
                               {"lookup_default", 3}, {"delete", 2}, {"member", 2}, {"size", 1}]},
-              {["Crypto"],   [{"ecverify", 3}, {"ecverify_secp256k1", 3}, {"sha3", 1},
-                              {"sha256", 1}, {"blake2b", 1}]},
+              {["Crypto"],   [{"verify_sig", 3}, {"verify_sig_secp256k1", 3},
+                              {"ecverify_secp256k1", 3}, {"ecrecover_secp256k1", 2},
+                              {"sha3", 1}, {"sha256", 1}, {"blake2b", 1}]},
               {["Auth"],     [{"tx_hash", none}]},
               {["String"],   [{"length", 1}, {"concat", 2}, {"sha3", 1}, {"sha256", 1}, {"blake2b", 1}]},
               {["Bits"],     [{"set", 2}, {"clear", 2}, {"test", 2}, {"sum", 1}, {"intersection", 2},
                               {"union", 2}, {"difference", 2}, {"none", none}, {"all", none}]},
               {["Bytes"],    [{"to_int", 1}, {"to_str", 1}]},
               {["Int"],      [{"to_str", 1}]},
-              {["Address"],  [{"to_str", 1}, {"is_oracle", 1}, {"is_contract", 1}]}
+              {["Address"],  [{"to_str", 1}, {"is_oracle", 1}, {"is_contract", 1}, {"is_payable", 1}]}
              ],
     maps:from_list([ {NS ++ [Fun], {MkName(NS, Fun), Arity}}
                      || {NS, Funs} <- Scopes,
@@ -223,10 +226,13 @@ init_type_env() ->
        ["Chain", "ttl"] => ?type({variant, [[integer], [integer]]})
      }.
 
+is_no_code(Env) ->
+    proplists:get_value(no_code, maps:get(options, Env, []), false).
+
 %% -- Compilation ------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -spec to_fcode(env(), aeso_syntax:ast()) -> fcode().
-to_fcode(Env, [{contract, _, {con, _, Main}, Decls}]) ->
+to_fcode(Env, [{contract, Attrs, {con, _, Main}, Decls}]) ->
     #{ builtins := Builtins } = Env,
     MainEnv = Env#{ context  => {main_contract, Main},
                     builtins => Builtins#{[Main, "state"]          => {get_state, none},
@@ -236,10 +242,13 @@ to_fcode(Env, [{contract, _, {con, _, Main}, Decls}]) ->
         decls_to_fcode(MainEnv, Decls),
     StateType = lookup_type(Env1, [Main, "state"], [], {tuple, []}),
     EventType = lookup_type(Env1, [Main, "event"], [], none),
+    Payable   = proplists:get_value(payable, Attrs, false),
     #{ contract_name => Main,
        state_type    => StateType,
        event_type    => EventType,
-       functions     => add_event_function(Env1, EventType, Funs) };
+       payable       => Payable,
+       functions     => add_init_function(Env1, StateType,
+                        add_event_function(Env1, EventType, Funs)) };
 to_fcode(Env, [{contract, _, {con, _, Con}, Decls} | Code]) ->
     Env1 = decls_to_fcode(Env#{ context => {abstract_contract, Con} }, Decls),
     to_fcode(Env1, Code);
@@ -261,6 +270,11 @@ decls_to_fcode(Env, Decls) ->
 
 -spec decl_to_fcode(env(), aeso_syntax:decl()) -> env().
 decl_to_fcode(Env, {type_decl, _, _, _}) -> Env;
+decl_to_fcode(Env = #{context := {main_contract, _}}, {fun_decl, Ann, {id, _, Name}, _}) ->
+    case is_no_code(Env) of
+        false -> fcode_error({missing_definition, Name, lists:keydelete(entrypoint, 1, Ann)});
+        true  -> Env
+    end;
 decl_to_fcode(Env, {fun_decl, _, _, _})  -> Env;
 decl_to_fcode(Env, {type_def, _Ann, Name, Args, Def}) ->
     typedef_to_fcode(Env, Name, Args, Def);
@@ -268,10 +282,13 @@ decl_to_fcode(Env = #{ functions := Funs }, {letfun, Ann, {id, _, Name}, Args, R
     Attrs = get_attributes(Ann),
     FName = lookup_fun(Env, qname(Env, Name)),
     FArgs = args_to_fcode(Env, Args),
+    FRet  = type_to_fcode(Env, Ret),
     FBody = expr_to_fcode(Env#{ vars => [X || {X, _} <- FArgs] }, Body),
+    [ ensure_first_order_entrypoint(Ann, FArgs, FRet)
+      || aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Ann, false) ],
     Def   = #{ attrs  => Attrs,
                args   => FArgs,
-               return => type_to_fcode(Env, Ret),
+               return => FRet,
                body   => FBody },
     NewFuns = Funs#{ FName => Def },
     Env#{ functions := NewFuns }.
@@ -398,9 +415,10 @@ expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {proj, _Ann, Rec = {typed, _, _, RecType}, {id, _, X}})
         {con, _, _} when X == "address" ->
             {op, contract_to_address, [expr_to_fcode(Env, Rec)]};
         {con, _, _} ->
-            {fun_t, _, Named, Args, _} = Type,
-            Arity = length(Named) + length(Args),
-            {remote_u, expr_to_fcode(Env, Rec), {entrypoint, list_to_binary(X)}, Arity};
+            {fun_t, _, _, Args, Ret} = Type,
+            FArgs = [type_to_fcode(Env, Arg) || Arg <- Args],
+            {remote_u, FArgs, type_to_fcode(Env, Ret), expr_to_fcode(Env, Rec),
+                       {entrypoint, list_to_binary(X)}};
         {record_t, _} ->
             {proj, expr_to_fcode(Env, Rec), field_index(Rec, X)}
     end;
@@ -438,6 +456,27 @@ expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {list, _, Es}) ->
     lists:foldr(fun(E, L) -> {op, '::', [expr_to_fcode(Env, E), L]} end,
                 nil, Es);
 
+expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {app, _, {'..', _}, [A, B]}) ->
+    {def_u, FromTo, _} = resolve_fun(Env, ["ListInternal", "from_to"]),
+    {def, FromTo, [expr_to_fcode(Env, A), expr_to_fcode(Env, B)]};
+
+expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {list_comp, _, Yield, []}) ->
+    {op, '::', [expr_to_fcode(Env, Yield), nil]};
+expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, {id, _, Arg}, _}, BindExpr}|Rest]}) ->
+    Env1 = bind_var(Env, Arg),
+    Bind = {lam, [Arg], expr_to_fcode(Env1, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest})},
+    {def_u, FlatMap, _} = resolve_fun(Env, ["ListInternal", "flat_map"]),
+    {def, FlatMap, [Bind, expr_to_fcode(Env, BindExpr)]};
+expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_if, _, Cond}|Rest]}) ->
+    make_if(expr_to_fcode(Env, Cond),
+            expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}),
+            nil
+           );
+expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {list_comp, As, Yield, [LV = {letval, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}) ->
+    expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {block, As, [LV, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]});
+expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {list_comp, As, Yield, [LF = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}) ->
+    expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {block, As, [LF, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]});
+
 %% Conditionals
 expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {'if', _, Cond, Then, Else}) ->
     make_if(expr_to_fcode(Env, Cond),
@@ -474,7 +513,7 @@ expr_to_fcode(Env, _Type, {app, _Ann, {Op, _}, [A]}) when is_atom(Op) ->
     end;
 
 %% Function calls
-expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {app, _Ann, Fun = {typed, _, _, {fun_t, _, NamedArgsT, _, _}}, Args}) ->
+expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {app, _, Fun = {typed, _, _, {fun_t, _, NamedArgsT, _, _}}, Args}) ->
     Args1 = get_named_args(NamedArgsT, Args),
     FArgs = [expr_to_fcode(Env, Arg) || Arg <- Args1],
     case expr_to_fcode(Env, Fun) of
@@ -488,16 +527,18 @@ expr_to_fcode(Env, Type, {app, _Ann, Fun = {typed, _, _, {fun_t, _, NamedArgsT,
             %% Get the type of the oracle from the args or the expression itself
             OType = get_oracle_type(B, Type, Args1),
             {oracle, QType, RType} = type_to_fcode(Env, OType),
+            validate_oracle_type(aeso_syntax:get_ann(Fun), QType, RType),
             TypeArgs = [{lit, {typerep, QType}}, {lit, {typerep, RType}}],
             builtin_to_fcode(B, FArgs ++ TypeArgs);
         {builtin_u, B, _} when B =:= aens_resolve ->
             %% Get the type we are assuming the name resolves to
             AensType = type_to_fcode(Env, Type),
+            validate_aens_resolve_type(aeso_syntax:get_ann(Fun), AensType),
             TypeArgs = [{lit, {typerep, AensType}}],
             builtin_to_fcode(B, FArgs ++ TypeArgs);
         {builtin_u, B, _Ar}       -> builtin_to_fcode(B, FArgs);
         {def_u, F, _Ar}           -> {def, F, FArgs};
-        {remote_u, Ct, RFun, _Ar} -> {remote, Ct, RFun, FArgs};
+        {remote_u, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, RFun} -> {remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, RFun, FArgs};
         FFun ->
             %% FFun is a closure, with first component the function name and
             %% second component the environment
@@ -568,6 +609,46 @@ get_oracle_type(oracle_check,        _Type, [{typed, _, _Expr, OType}])       ->
 get_oracle_type(oracle_check_query,  _Type, [{typed, _, _Expr, OType} | _])   -> OType;
 get_oracle_type(oracle_respond,      _Type, [_, {typed, _,_Expr, OType} | _]) -> OType.
 
+validate_oracle_type(Ann, QType, RType) ->
+    ensure_monomorphic(QType, {polymorphic_query_type, Ann, QType}),
+    ensure_monomorphic(RType, {polymorphic_response_type, Ann, RType}),
+    ensure_first_order(QType, {higher_order_query_type, Ann, QType}),
+    ensure_first_order(RType, {higher_order_response_type, Ann, RType}),
+    ok.
+
+validate_aens_resolve_type(Ann, {variant, [[], [Type]]}) ->
+    ensure_monomorphic(Type, {polymorphic_aens_resolve, Ann, Type}),
+    ensure_first_order(Type, {higher_order_aens_resolve, Ann, Type}),
+    ok.
+
+ensure_first_order_entrypoint(Ann, Args, Ret) ->
+    [ ensure_first_order(T, {higher_order_entrypoint_argument, Ann, X, T})
+      || {X, T} <- Args ],
+    ensure_first_order(Ret, {higher_order_entrypoint_return, Ann, Ret}),
+    ok.
+
+ensure_monomorphic(Type, Err) ->
+    case is_monomorphic(Type) of
+        true  -> ok;
+        false -> fcode_error(Err)
+    end.
+
+ensure_first_order(Type, Err) ->
+    case is_first_order(Type) of
+        true  -> ok;
+        false -> fcode_error(Err)
+    end.
+
+is_monomorphic({tvar, _})              -> false;
+is_monomorphic(Ts) when is_list(Ts)    -> lists:all(fun is_monomorphic/1, Ts);
+is_monomorphic(Tup) when is_tuple(Tup) -> is_monomorphic(tuple_to_list(Tup));
+is_monomorphic(_)                      -> true.
+
+is_first_order({function, _, _})       -> false;
+is_first_order(Ts) when is_list(Ts)    -> lists:all(fun is_first_order/1, Ts);
+is_first_order(Tup) when is_tuple(Tup) -> is_first_order(tuple_to_list(Tup));
+is_first_order(_)                      -> true.
+
 %% -- Pattern matching --
 
 -spec alts_to_fcode(env(), ftype(), var_name(), [aeso_syntax:alt()]) -> fsplit().
@@ -794,8 +875,10 @@ op_builtins() ->
     [map_from_list, map_to_list, map_delete, map_member, map_size,
      string_length, string_concat, string_sha3, string_sha256, string_blake2b,
      bits_set, bits_clear, bits_test, bits_sum, bits_intersection, bits_union,
-     bits_difference, int_to_str, address_to_str, crypto_ecverify,
-     crypto_ecverify_secp256k1, crypto_sha3, crypto_sha256, crypto_blake2b].
+     bits_difference, int_to_str, address_to_str, crypto_verify_sig,
+     crypto_verify_sig_secp256k1, crypto_sha3, crypto_sha256, crypto_blake2b,
+     crypto_ecverify_secp256k1, crypto_ecrecover_secp256k1
+    ].
 
 builtin_to_fcode(require, [Cond, Msg]) ->
     make_if(Cond, {tuple, []}, {builtin, abort, [Msg]});
@@ -819,6 +902,33 @@ builtin_to_fcode(Builtin, Args) ->
         false -> {builtin, Builtin, Args}
     end.
 
+%% -- Init function --
+
+add_init_function(Env, StateType, Funs0) ->
+    case is_no_code(Env) of
+        true  -> Funs0;
+        false ->
+            Funs     = add_default_init_function(Env, StateType, Funs0),
+            InitName = {entrypoint, <<"init">>},
+            InitFun  = #{ args := InitArgs } = maps:get(InitName, Funs, none),
+            Vars     = [ {var, X} || {X, _} <- InitArgs ],
+            Funs#{ init => InitFun#{ return => {tuple, []},
+                                     body   => {builtin, set_state, [{def, InitName, Vars}]} } }
+    end.
+
+add_default_init_function(_Env, StateType, Funs) ->
+    InitName = {entrypoint, <<"init">>},
+    case maps:get(InitName, Funs, none) of
+        %% Only add default init function if state is unit.
+        none when StateType == {tuple, []} ->
+            Funs#{ InitName => #{attrs  => [],
+                                 args   => [],
+                                 return => {tuple, []},
+                                 body   => {tuple, []}} };
+        none -> fcode_error(missing_init_function);
+        _    -> Funs
+    end.
+
 %% -- Event function --
 
 add_event_function(_Env, none, Funs) -> Funs;
@@ -905,12 +1015,13 @@ lambda_lift_expr({Tag, F, Ar}) when Tag == def_u; Tag == builtin_u ->
                def_u     -> {def, F, Args}
            end,
     make_closure([], Xs, Body);
-lambda_lift_expr({remote_u, Ct, F, Ar}) ->
+lambda_lift_expr({remote_u, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, F}) ->
     FVs  = free_vars(Ct),
     Ct1  = lambda_lift_expr(Ct),
-    Xs   = [ lists:concat(["arg", I]) || I <- lists:seq(1, Ar) ],
+    GasAndValueArgs = 2,
+    Xs   = [ lists:concat(["arg", I]) || I <- lists:seq(1, length(ArgsT) + GasAndValueArgs) ],
     Args = [{var, X} || X <- Xs],
-    make_closure(FVs, Xs, {remote, Ct1, F, Args});
+    make_closure(FVs, Xs, {remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct1, F, Args});
 lambda_lift_expr(Expr) ->
     case Expr of
         {lit, _}               -> Expr;
@@ -919,7 +1030,7 @@ lambda_lift_expr(Expr) ->
         {closure, _, _}        -> Expr;
         {def, D, As}           -> {def, D, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
         {builtin, B, As}       -> {builtin, B, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
-        {remote, Ct, F, As}    -> {remote, lambda_lift_expr(Ct), F, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
+        {remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, F, As} -> {remote, ArgsT, RetT, lambda_lift_expr(Ct), F, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
         {con, Ar, C, As}       -> {con, Ar, C, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
         {tuple, As}            -> {tuple, lambda_lift_exprs(As)};
         {proj, A, I}           -> {proj, lambda_lift_expr(A), I};
@@ -945,13 +1056,16 @@ lambda_lift_exprs(As) -> [lambda_lift_expr(A) || A <- As].
 
 -spec optimize_fcode(fcode()) -> fcode().
 optimize_fcode(Code = #{ functions := Funs }) ->
-    Code#{ functions := maps:map(fun(Name, Def) -> optimize_fun(Code, Name, Def) end, Funs) }.
+    Code1 = Code#{ functions := maps:map(fun(Name, Def) -> optimize_fun(Code, Name, Def) end, Funs) },
+    eliminate_dead_code(Code1).
 
 -spec optimize_fun(fcode(), fun_name(), fun_def()) -> fun_def().
 optimize_fun(Fcode, Fun, Def = #{ body := Body }) ->
     %% io:format("Optimizing ~p =\n~s\n", [_Fun, prettypr:format(pp_fexpr(_Body))]),
     Def#{ body := inliner(Fcode, Fun, Body) }.
 
+%% --- Inlining ---
+
 -spec inliner(fcode(), fun_name(), fexpr()) -> fexpr().
 inliner(Fcode, Fun, {def, Fun1, Args} = E) when Fun1 /= Fun ->
     case should_inline(Fcode, Fun1) of
@@ -964,6 +1078,33 @@ should_inline(_Fcode, _Fun1) -> false == list_to_atom("true").  %% Dialyzer
 
 inline(_Fcode, Fun, Args) -> {def, Fun, Args}. %% TODO
 
+%% --- Deadcode elimination ---
+
+-spec eliminate_dead_code(fcode()) -> fcode().
+eliminate_dead_code(Code = #{ functions := Funs }) ->
+    UsedFuns = used_functions(Funs),
+    Code#{ functions := maps:filter(fun(Name, _) -> maps:is_key(Name, UsedFuns) end,
+                                    Funs) }.
+
+-spec used_functions(#{ fun_name() => fun_def() }) -> #{ fun_name() => true }.
+used_functions(Funs) ->
+    Exported = [ Fun || {Fun, #{ attrs := Attrs }} <- maps:to_list(Funs),
+                        not lists:member(private, Attrs) ],
+    used_functions(#{}, Exported, Funs).
+
+used_functions(Used, [], _) -> Used;
+used_functions(Used, [Name | Rest], Defs) ->
+    case maps:is_key(Name, Used) of
+        true  -> used_functions(Used, Rest, Defs);
+        false ->
+            New =
+                case maps:get(Name, Defs, undef) of
+                    undef             -> []; %% We might be compiling a stub
+                    #{ body := Body } -> used_defs(Body)
+                end,
+            used_functions(Used#{ Name => true }, New ++ Rest, Defs)
+    end.
+
 %% -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------
 
 %% -- Types --
@@ -1001,6 +1142,8 @@ add_fun_env(Env = #{ context := {abstract_contract, _} }, _) -> Env;  %% no func
 add_fun_env(Env = #{ fun_env := FunEnv }, Decls) ->
     Entry = fun({letfun, Ann, {id, _, Name}, Args, _, _}) ->
                 [{qname(Env, Name), {make_fun_name(Env, Ann, Name), length(Args)}}];
+               ({fun_decl, Ann, {id, _, Name}, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, _}}) ->
+                [{qname(Env, Name), {make_fun_name(Env, Ann, Name), length(ArgTypes)}}];
                (_) -> [] end,
     FunEnv1 = maps:from_list(lists:flatmap(Entry, Decls)),
     Env#{ fun_env := maps:merge(FunEnv, FunEnv1) }.
@@ -1009,8 +1152,7 @@ make_fun_name(#{ context := Context }, Ann, Name) ->
     Entrypoint = proplists:get_value(entrypoint, Ann, false),
     case Context of
         {main_contract, Main} ->
-            if Name == "init" -> init;
-               Entrypoint     -> {entrypoint, list_to_binary(Name)};
+            if Entrypoint     -> {entrypoint, list_to_binary(Name)};
                true           -> {local_fun, [Main, Name]}
             end;
         {namespace, Lib} ->
@@ -1094,6 +1236,16 @@ pat_vars({tuple, Ps})         -> pat_vars(Ps);
 pat_vars({con, _, _, Ps})     -> pat_vars(Ps);
 pat_vars(Ps) when is_list(Ps) -> [X || P <- Ps, X <- pat_vars(P)].
 
+-spec fsplit_pat_vars(fsplit_pat()) -> [var_name()].
+fsplit_pat_vars({var, X})            -> [X || X /= "_"];
+fsplit_pat_vars({bool, _})           -> [];
+fsplit_pat_vars({int, _})            -> [];
+fsplit_pat_vars({string, _})         -> [];
+fsplit_pat_vars(nil)                 -> [];
+fsplit_pat_vars({'::', P, Q})        -> [P, Q];
+fsplit_pat_vars({tuple, Ps})         -> Ps;
+fsplit_pat_vars({con, _, _, Ps})     -> Ps.
+
 free_vars(Xs) when is_list(Xs) ->
     lists:umerge([ free_vars(X) || X <- Xs ]);
 free_vars(Expr) ->
@@ -1103,8 +1255,8 @@ free_vars(Expr) ->
         nil                  -> [];
         {def, _, As}         -> free_vars(As);
         {def_u, _, _}        -> [];
-        {remote, Ct, _, As}  -> free_vars([Ct | As]);
-        {remote_u, Ct, _, _} -> free_vars(Ct);
+        {remote, _, _, Ct, _, As} -> free_vars([Ct | As]);
+        {remote_u, _, _, Ct, _}   -> free_vars(Ct);
         {builtin, _, As}     -> free_vars(As);
         {builtin_u, _, _}    -> [];
         {con, _, _, As}      -> free_vars(As);
@@ -1119,7 +1271,35 @@ free_vars(Expr) ->
         {switch, A}          -> free_vars(A);
         {split, _, X, As}    -> free_vars([{var, X} | As]);
         {nosplit, A}         -> free_vars(A);
-        {'case', P, A}       -> free_vars(A) -- lists:sort(pat_vars(P))
+        {'case', P, A}       -> free_vars(A) -- lists:sort(fsplit_pat_vars(P))
+    end.
+
+used_defs(Xs) when is_list(Xs) ->
+    lists:umerge([ used_defs(X) || X <- Xs ]);
+used_defs(Expr) ->
+    case Expr of
+        {var, _}             -> [];
+        {lit, _}             -> [];
+        nil                  -> [];
+        {def, F, As}         -> lists:umerge([F], used_defs(As));
+        {def_u, F, _}        -> [F];
+        {remote, _, _, Ct, _, As} -> used_defs([Ct | As]);
+        {remote_u, _, _, Ct, _}   -> used_defs(Ct);
+        {builtin, _, As}     -> used_defs(As);
+        {builtin_u, _, _}    -> [];
+        {con, _, _, As}      -> used_defs(As);
+        {tuple, As}          -> used_defs(As);
+        {proj, A, _}         -> used_defs(A);
+        {set_proj, A, _, B}  -> used_defs([A, B]);
+        {op, _, As}          -> used_defs(As);
+        {'let', _, A, B}     -> used_defs([A, B]);
+        {funcall, A, Bs}     -> used_defs([A | Bs]);
+        {lam, _, B}          -> used_defs(B);
+        {closure, F, A}      -> lists:umerge([F], used_defs(A));
+        {switch, A}          -> used_defs(A);
+        {split, _, _, As}    -> used_defs(As);
+        {nosplit, A}         -> used_defs(A);
+        {'case', _, A}       -> used_defs(A)
     end.
 
 get_named_args(NamedArgsT, Args) ->
@@ -1147,8 +1327,8 @@ rename(Ren, Expr) ->
         {def_u, _, _}         -> Expr;
         {builtin, B, Es}      -> {builtin, B, [rename(Ren, E) || E <- Es]};
         {builtin_u, _, _}     -> Expr;
-        {remote, Ct, F, Es}   -> {remote, rename(Ren, Ct), F, [rename(Ren, E) || E <- Es]};
-        {remote_u, Ct, F, Ar} -> {remote_u, rename(Ren, Ct), F, Ar};
+        {remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, F, Es} -> {remote,   ArgsT, RetT, rename(Ren, Ct), F, [rename(Ren, E) || E <- Es]};
+        {remote_u, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, F}   -> {remote_u, ArgsT, RetT, rename(Ren, Ct), F};
         {con, Ar, I, Es}      -> {con, Ar, I, [rename(Ren, E) || E <- Es]};
         {tuple, Es}           -> {tuple, [rename(Ren, E) || E <- Es]};
         {proj, E, I}          -> {proj, rename(Ren, E), I};
@@ -1252,7 +1432,9 @@ field_value({field_t, _, {id, _, X}, _}, Fields) ->
 %% -- Attributes --
 
 get_attributes(Ann) ->
-    [stateful || proplists:get_value(stateful, Ann, false)].
+    [stateful || proplists:get_value(stateful, Ann, false)] ++
+    [payable  || proplists:get_value(payable, Ann, false)] ++
+    [private  || not proplists:get_value(entrypoint, Ann, false)].
 
 %% -- Basic utilities --
 
@@ -1278,14 +1460,17 @@ pp_fun(Name, #{ args := Args, return := Return, body := Body }) ->
                pp_text(" : "), pp_ftype(Return), pp_text(" =")]),
              prettypr:nest(2, pp_fexpr(Body))).
 
-pp_fun_name(init)            -> pp_text(init);
+pp_fun_name(init)            -> pp_text('INIT');
 pp_fun_name(event)           -> pp_text(event);
 pp_fun_name({entrypoint, E}) -> pp_text(binary_to_list(E));
 pp_fun_name({local_fun, Q})  -> pp_text(string:join(Q, ".")).
 
 pp_text(<<>>) -> prettypr:text("\"\"");
 pp_text(Bin) when is_binary(Bin) -> prettypr:text(lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~p", [binary_to_list(Bin)])));
-pp_text(S) -> prettypr:text(lists:concat([S])).
+pp_text(S) when is_list(S) -> prettypr:text(lists:concat([S]));
+pp_text(A) when is_atom(A) -> prettypr:text(atom_to_list(A)).
+
+pp_int(I) -> prettypr:text(integer_to_list(I)).
 
 pp_beside([])       -> prettypr:empty();
 pp_beside([X])      -> X;
@@ -1317,18 +1502,18 @@ pp_fexpr(nil) ->
 pp_fexpr({var, X})   -> pp_text(X);
 pp_fexpr({def, Fun}) -> pp_fun_name(Fun);
 pp_fexpr({def_u, Fun, Ar}) ->
-    pp_beside([pp_fun_name(Fun), pp_text("/"), pp_text(Ar)]);
+    pp_beside([pp_fun_name(Fun), pp_text("/"), pp_int(Ar)]);
 pp_fexpr({def, Fun, Args}) ->
     pp_call(pp_fun_name(Fun), Args);
 pp_fexpr({con, _, I, []}) ->
-    pp_beside(pp_text("C"), pp_text(I));
+    pp_beside(pp_text("C"), pp_int(I));
 pp_fexpr({con, _, I, Es}) ->
     pp_beside(pp_fexpr({con, [], I, []}),
               pp_fexpr({tuple, Es}));
 pp_fexpr({tuple, Es}) ->
     pp_parens(pp_par(pp_punctuate(pp_text(","), [pp_fexpr(E) || E <- Es])));
 pp_fexpr({proj, E, I}) ->
-    pp_beside([pp_fexpr(E), pp_text("."), pp_text(I)]);
+    pp_beside([pp_fexpr(E), pp_text("."), pp_int(I)]);
 pp_fexpr({lam, Xs, A}) ->
     pp_par([pp_fexpr({tuple, [{var, X} || X <- Xs]}), pp_text("=>"),
             prettypr:nest(2, pp_fexpr(A))]);
@@ -1339,7 +1524,7 @@ pp_fexpr({closure, Fun, ClEnv}) ->
           end,
     pp_call(pp_text("__CLOSURE__"), [{def, Fun} | FVs]);
 pp_fexpr({set_proj, E, I, A}) ->
-    pp_beside(pp_fexpr(E), pp_braces(pp_beside([pp_text(I), pp_text(" = "), pp_fexpr(A)])));
+    pp_beside(pp_fexpr(E), pp_braces(pp_beside([pp_int(I), pp_text(" = "), pp_fexpr(A)])));
 pp_fexpr({op, Op, [A, B] = Args}) ->
     case is_infix(Op) of
         false -> pp_call(pp_text(Op), Args);
@@ -1359,10 +1544,10 @@ pp_fexpr({builtin_u, B, N}) ->
     pp_beside([pp_text(B), pp_text("/"), pp_text(N)]);
 pp_fexpr({builtin, B, As}) ->
     pp_call(pp_text(B), As);
-pp_fexpr({remote_u, Ct, Fun, Ar}) ->
-    pp_beside([pp_fexpr(Ct), pp_text("."), pp_fun_name(Fun), pp_text("/"), pp_text(Ar)]);
-pp_fexpr({remote, Ct, Fun, As}) ->
-    pp_call(pp_beside([pp_fexpr(Ct), pp_text("."), pp_fun_name(Fun)]), As);
+pp_fexpr({remote_u, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, Fun}) ->
+    pp_beside([pp_fexpr(Ct), pp_text("."), pp_fun_name(Fun), pp_text(" : "), pp_ftype({function, ArgsT, RetT})]);
+pp_fexpr({remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, Fun, As}) ->
+    pp_call(pp_parens(pp_beside([pp_fexpr(Ct), pp_text("."), pp_fun_name(Fun), pp_text(" : "), pp_ftype({function, ArgsT, RetT})])), As);
 pp_fexpr({funcall, Fun, As}) ->
     pp_call(pp_fexpr(Fun), As);
 pp_fexpr({switch, Split}) -> pp_split(Split).
@@ -1415,4 +1600,3 @@ pp_pat(Pat)              -> pp_fexpr(Pat).
 is_infix(Op) ->
     C = hd(atom_to_list(Op)),
     C < $a orelse C > $z.
-

src/aeso_ast_to_icode.erl

@@ -17,22 +17,27 @@
 
 -spec convert_typed(aeso_syntax:ast(), list()) -> aeso_icode:icode().
 convert_typed(TypedTree, Options) ->
-    Name = case lists:last(TypedTree) of
-               {contract, _, {con, _, Con}, _} -> Con;
-               _ -> gen_error(last_declaration_must_be_contract)
+    {Payable, Name} =
+        case lists:last(TypedTree) of
+            {contract, Attrs, {con, _, Con}, _} ->
+                {proplists:get_value(payable, Attrs, false), Con};
+            _ ->
+                gen_error(last_declaration_must_be_contract)
            end,
-    Icode = code(TypedTree, aeso_icode:set_name(Name, aeso_icode:new(Options))),
+    NewIcode = aeso_icode:set_payable(Payable,
+                   aeso_icode:set_name(Name, aeso_icode:new(Options))),
+    Icode    = code(TypedTree, NewIcode, Options),
     deadcode_elimination(Icode).
 
-code([{contract, _Attribs, Con, Code}|Rest], Icode) ->
+code([{contract, _Attribs, Con, Code}|Rest], Icode, Options) ->
     NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Con, Icode)),
-    code(Rest, NewIcode);
-code([{namespace, _Ann, Name, Code}|Rest], Icode) ->
-                                            %% TODO: nested namespaces
+    code(Rest, NewIcode, Options);
+code([{namespace, _Ann, Name, Code}|Rest], Icode, Options) ->
+    %% TODO: nested namespaces
     NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Name, Icode)),
-    code(Rest, NewIcode);
-code([], Icode) ->
-    add_default_init_function(add_builtins(Icode)).
+    code(Rest, NewIcode, Options);
+code([], Icode, Options) ->
+    add_default_init_function(add_builtins(Icode), Options).
 
 %% Generate error on correct format.
 
@@ -40,10 +45,12 @@ gen_error(Error) ->
     error({code_errors, [Error]}).
 
 %% Create default init function (only if state is unit).
-add_default_init_function(Icode = #{functions := Funs, state_type := State}) ->
+add_default_init_function(Icode = #{functions := Funs, state_type := State}, Options) ->
+    NoCode        = proplists:get_value(no_code, Options, false),
     {_, _, QInit} = aeso_icode:qualify({id, [], "init"}, Icode),
     case lists:keymember(QInit, 1, Funs) of
         true -> Icode;
+        false when NoCode -> Icode;
         false when State /= {tuple, []} ->
             gen_error(missing_init_function);
         false ->
@@ -84,7 +91,10 @@ contract_to_icode([{type_def, _Attrib, Id = {id, _, Name}, Args, Def} | Rest],
     contract_to_icode(Rest, Icode2);
 contract_to_icode([{letfun, Attrib, Name, Args, _What, Body={typed,_,_,T}}|Rest], Icode) ->
     FunAttrs = [ stateful || proplists:get_value(stateful, Attrib, false) ] ++
+               [ payable  || proplists:get_value(payable, Attrib, false) ] ++
                [ private  || is_private(Attrib, Icode) ],
+    [ check_entrypoint_type(Attrib, Name, Args, T)
+      || aeso_syntax:get_ann(entrypoint, Attrib, false) ],
     %% TODO: Handle types
     FunName = ast_id(Name),
     %% TODO: push funname to env
@@ -97,7 +107,7 @@ contract_to_icode([{letfun, Attrib, Name, Args, _What, Body={typed,_,_,T}}|Rest]
                 #{ state_type := StateType } = Icode,
                 {#tuple{ cpts = [type_value(StateType), ast_body(Body, Icode)] },
                  {tuple, [typerep, ast_typerep(T, Icode)]}};
-            _ -> {ast_body(Body, Icode), ast_typerep(T, Icode)}
+            _ -> {ast_body(Body, Icode), ast_typerep1(T, Icode)}
         end,
     QName    = aeso_icode:qualify(Name, Icode),
     NewIcode = ast_fun_to_icode(ast_id(QName), FunAttrs, FunArgs, FunBody, TypeRep, Icode),
@@ -113,7 +123,7 @@ ast_id({id, _, Id}) -> Id;
 ast_id({qid, _, Id}) -> Id.
 
 ast_args([{arg, _, Name, Type}|Rest], Acc, Icode) ->
-    ast_args(Rest, [{ast_id(Name), ast_type(Type, Icode)}| Acc], Icode);
+    ast_args(Rest, [{ast_id(Name), ast_typerep1(Type, Icode)}| Acc], Icode);
 ast_args([], Acc, _Icode) -> lists:reverse(Acc).
 
 ast_type(T, Icode) ->
@@ -260,21 +270,21 @@ ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "preclaim"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
               [word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
 
 ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "claim"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
-    {Sign, [Addr, Name, Salt]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name, Salt, NameFee]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_CLAIM, #integer{value = 0},
-              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Salt, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
-              [word, string, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Salt, Icode), ast_body(NameFee, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [word, string, word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
 
 ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "transfer"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
-    {Sign, [FromAddr, ToAddr, NameHash]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    {Sign, [FromAddr, ToAddr, Name]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_TRANSFER, #integer{value = 0},
-              [ast_body(FromAddr, Icode), ast_body(ToAddr, Icode), ast_body(NameHash, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [ast_body(FromAddr, Icode), ast_body(ToAddr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
               [word, word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
 
 ast_body(?qid_app(["AENS", "revoke"], Args, _, _), Icode) ->
-    {Sign, [Addr, NameHash]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
+    {Sign, [Addr, Name]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AENS_REVOKE, #integer{value = 0},
-              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(NameHash, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Name, Icode), ast_body(Sign, Icode)],
               [word, word, sign_t()], {tuple, []});
 
 ast_body({qid, _, ["AENS", "resolve"]}, _Icode)  -> gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'AENS.resolve'});
@@ -347,16 +357,26 @@ ast_body({map, Ann, Map, [Upd | Upds]}, Icode) ->
     ast_body({map, Ann, {map, Ann, Map, [Upd]}, Upds}, Icode);
 
 %% Crypto
-ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecverify"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
-    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECVERIFY, #integer{value = 0},
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "verify_sig"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_VERIFY_SIG, #integer{value = 0},
               [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(PK, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
               [word, word, sign_t()], word);
 
-ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecverify_secp256k1"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
-    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECVERIFY_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "verify_sig_secp256k1"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_VERIFY_SIG_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
               [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(PK, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
               [bytes_t(32), bytes_t(64), bytes_t(64)], word);
 
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecverify_secp256k1"], [Msg, Addr, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECVERIFY_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(Addr, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, bytes_t(20), bytes_t(65)], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecrecover_secp256k1"], [Msg, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECRECOVER_SECP256K1, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, bytes_t(65)], aeso_icode:option_typerep(bytes_t(20)));
+
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha3"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
     generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA3, Term, Type, Icode);
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha256"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
@@ -420,6 +440,9 @@ ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_oracle"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_contract"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_CONTRACT, #integer{value = 0},
               [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "is_payable"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_ADDR_IS_PAYABLE, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Addr, Icode)], [word], word);
 
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Bytes", "to_int"], [Bytes], _, _), Icode) ->
     {typed, _, _, {bytes_t, _, N}} = Bytes,
@@ -502,6 +525,10 @@ ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {con, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
 ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {qcon, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
     Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag(Name, Icode),
     #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag} | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]]};
+ast_body({app, _, {'..', _}, [A, B]}, Icode) ->
+    #funcall
+    { function = #var_ref{ name = ["ListInternal", "from_to"] }
+    , args     = [ast_body(A, Icode), ast_body(B, Icode)] };
 ast_body({app,As,Fun,Args}, Icode) ->
     case aeso_syntax:get_ann(format, As) of
         infix  ->
@@ -516,6 +543,24 @@ ast_body({app,As,Fun,Args}, Icode) ->
             #funcall{function=ast_body(Fun, Icode),
                      args=[ast_body(A, Icode) || A <- Args]}
     end;
+ast_body({list_comp, _, Yield, []}, Icode) ->
+    #list{elems = [ast_body(Yield, Icode)]};
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_bind, {typed, Arg, ArgType}, BindExpr}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    #funcall
+        { function = #var_ref{ name = ["ListInternal", "flat_map"] }
+        , args =
+              [ #lambda{ args=[#arg{name = ast_id(Arg), type = ast_type(ArgType, Icode)}]
+                       , body = ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, Icode)
+                       }
+              , ast_body(BindExpr, Icode)
+              ]
+        };
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [{comprehension_if, AsIF, Cond}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({'if', AsIF, Cond, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}, {list, As, []}}, Icode);
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LV = {letval, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({block, As, [LV, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
+ast_body({list_comp, As, Yield, [LF = {letfun, _, _, _, _, _}|Rest]}, Icode) ->
+    ast_body({block, As, [LF, {list_comp, As, Yield, Rest}]}, Icode);
 ast_body({'if',_,Dec,Then,Else}, Icode) ->
     #ifte{decision = ast_body(Dec, Icode)
          ,then     = ast_body(Then, Icode)
@@ -539,7 +584,7 @@ ast_body({block,As,[E|Rest]}, Icode) ->
     #switch{expr=ast_body(E, Icode),
             cases=[{#var_ref{name="_"},ast_body({block,As,Rest}, Icode)}]};
 ast_body({lam,_,Args,Body}, Icode) ->
-    #lambda{args=[#arg{name = ast_id(P), type = ast_type(T, Icode)} || {arg,_,P,T} <- Args],
+    #lambda{args=[#arg{name = ast_id(P), type = ast_typerep1(T, Icode)} || {arg,_,P,T} <- Args],
             body=ast_body(Body, Icode)};
 ast_body({typed,_,{record,Attrs,Fields},{record_t,DefFields}}, Icode) ->
     %% Compile as a tuple with the fields in the order they appear in the definition.
@@ -674,6 +719,22 @@ map_upd(Key, Default, ValFun, Map = {typed, Ann, _, MapType}, Icode) ->
     Args    = [ast_body(Map, Icode), ast_body(Key, Icode), ast_body(Default, Icode), ast_body(ValFun, Icode)],
     builtin_call(FunName, Args).
 
+check_entrypoint_type(Ann, Name, Args, Ret) ->
+    Check = fun(T, Err) ->
+                case is_simple_type(T) of
+                    false -> gen_error(Err);
+                    true  -> ok
+                end end,
+    [ Check(T, {entrypoint_argument_must_have_simple_type, Ann1, Name, X, T})
+      || {arg, Ann1, X, T} <- Args ],
+    Check(Ret, {entrypoint_must_have_simple_return_type, Ann, Name, Ret}).
+
+is_simple_type({tvar, _, _})        -> false;
+is_simple_type({fun_t, _, _, _, _}) -> false;
+is_simple_type(Ts) when is_list(Ts) -> lists:all(fun is_simple_type/1, Ts);
+is_simple_type(T) when is_tuple(T)  -> is_simple_type(tuple_to_list(T));
+is_simple_type(_)                   -> true.
+
 is_monomorphic({tvar, _, _}) -> false;
 is_monomorphic([H|T]) ->
   is_monomorphic(H) andalso is_monomorphic(T);
@@ -714,42 +775,49 @@ make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode = #{ type_vars := TypeEnv }) ->
     TVars = [ X || {tvar, _, X} <- Args ],
     fun(Types) ->
         TypeEnv1 = maps:from_list(lists:zip(TVars, Types)),
-        ast_typerep(Def, Icode#{ type_vars := maps:merge(TypeEnv, TypeEnv1) })
+        ast_typerep1(Def, Icode#{ type_vars := maps:merge(TypeEnv, TypeEnv1) })
     end.
 
 -spec ast_typerep(aeso_syntax:type()) -> aeb_aevm_data:type().
-ast_typerep(Type) -> ast_typerep(Type, aeso_icode:new([])).
+ast_typerep(Type) ->
+    ast_typerep(Type, aeso_icode:new([])).
 
-ast_typerep({id, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+ast_typerep(Type, Icode) ->
+    case is_simple_type(Type) of
+        false -> gen_error({not_a_simple_type, Type});
+        true  -> ast_typerep1(Type, Icode)
+    end.
+
+ast_typerep1({id, _, Name}, Icode) ->
     lookup_type_id(Name, [], Icode);
-ast_typerep({qid, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+ast_typerep1({qid, _, Name}, Icode) ->
     lookup_type_id(Name, [], Icode);
-ast_typerep({con, _, _}, _) ->
+ast_typerep1({con, _, _}, _) ->
     word;   %% Contract type
-ast_typerep({bytes_t, _, Len}, _) ->
+ast_typerep1({bytes_t, _, Len}, _) ->
     bytes_t(Len);
-ast_typerep({app_t, _, {id, _, Name}, Args}, Icode) ->
-    ArgReps = [ ast_typerep(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ],
+ast_typerep1({app_t, _, {I, _, Name}, Args}, Icode) when I =:= id; I =:= qid ->
+    ArgReps = [ ast_typerep1(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ],
     lookup_type_id(Name, ArgReps, Icode);
-ast_typerep({tvar,_,A}, #{ type_vars := TypeVars }) ->
+ast_typerep1({tvar,_,A}, #{ type_vars := TypeVars }) ->
     case maps:get(A, TypeVars, undefined) of
         undefined -> word; %% We serialize type variables just as addresses in the originating VM.
         Type      -> Type
     end;
-ast_typerep({tuple_t,_,Cpts}, Icode) ->
-    {tuple, [ast_typerep(C, Icode) || C<-Cpts]};
-ast_typerep({record_t,Fields}, Icode) ->
+ast_typerep1({tuple_t,_,Cpts}, Icode) ->
+    {tuple, [ast_typerep1(C, Icode) || C<-Cpts]};
+ast_typerep1({record_t,Fields}, Icode) ->
     {tuple, [ begin
                 {field_t, _, _, T} = Field,
-                ast_typerep(T, Icode)
+                ast_typerep1(T, Icode)
               end || Field <- Fields]};
-ast_typerep({fun_t,_,_,_,_}, _Icode) ->
+ast_typerep1({fun_t,_,_,_,_}, _Icode) ->
     function;
-ast_typerep({alias_t, T}, Icode) -> ast_typerep(T, Icode);
-ast_typerep({variant_t, Cons}, Icode) ->
+ast_typerep1({alias_t, T}, Icode) -> ast_typerep1(T, Icode);
+ast_typerep1({variant_t, Cons}, Icode) ->
     {variant, [ begin
                   {constr_t, _, _, Args} = Con,
-                  [ ast_typerep(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]
+                  [ ast_typerep1(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]
                 end || Con <- Cons ]}.
 
 ttl_t(Icode) ->
@@ -798,13 +866,6 @@ type_value({map, K, V}) ->
     #tuple{ cpts = [#integer{ value = ?TYPEREP_MAP_TAG },
                     type_value(K), type_value(V)] }.
 
-%% As abort is a built-in in the future it will be illegal to for
-%% users to define abort. For the time being strip away all user
-%% defined abort functions.
-
-ast_fun_to_icode("abort", _Atts, _Args, _Body, _TypeRep, Icode) ->
-    %% Strip away all user defined abort functions.
-    Icode;
 ast_fun_to_icode(Name, Attrs, Args, Body, TypeRep, #{functions := Funs} = Icode) ->
     NewFuns = [{Name, Attrs, Args, Body, TypeRep}| Funs],
     aeso_icode:set_functions(NewFuns, Icode).

src/aeso_compiler.erl

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
                 | pp_icode
                 | pp_assembler
                 | pp_bytecode
+                | no_code
                 | {backend, aevm | fate}
                 | {include, {file_system, [string()]} |
                             {explicit_files, #{string() => binary()}}}
@@ -120,7 +121,9 @@ from_string1(aevm, ContractString, Options) ->
     {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
            compiler_version => Version,
            contract_source => ContractString,
-           type_info => TypeInfo
+           type_info => TypeInfo,
+           abi_version => aeb_aevm_abi:abi_version(),
+           payable => maps:get(payable, Icode)
           }};
 from_string1(fate, ContractString, Options) ->
     #{fcode := FCode} = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
@@ -131,10 +134,12 @@ from_string1(fate, ContractString, Options) ->
            compiler_version => Version,
            contract_source => ContractString,
            type_info => [],
-           fate_code => FateCode
+           fate_code => FateCode,
+           abi_version => aeb_fate_abi:abi_version(),
+           payable => maps:get(payable, FCode)
           }}.
 
--spec string_to_code(string(), [option()]) -> map().
+-spec string_to_code(string(), options()) -> map().
 string_to_code(ContractString, Options) ->
     Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
     pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
@@ -290,12 +295,19 @@ to_sophia_value(ContractString, Fun, ResType, Data) ->
         {ok, aeso_syntax:expr()} | {error, term()}.
 to_sophia_value(_, _, error, Err, _Options) ->
     {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "error"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
-to_sophia_value(_, _, revert, Data, _Options) ->
-    case aeb_heap:from_binary(string, Data) of
-        {ok, Err} -> {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
-        {error, _} = Err -> Err
+to_sophia_value(_, _, revert, Data, Options) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
+        aevm ->
+            case aeb_heap:from_binary(string, Data) of
+                {ok, Err} -> {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
+                {error, _} = Err -> Err
+            end;
+        fate ->
+            Err = aeb_fate_encoding:deserialize(Data),
+            {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}}
     end;
-to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options) ->
+to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
     try
         Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
         #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
@@ -355,7 +367,8 @@ create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args) ->
 -spec create_calldata(string(), string(), [string()], [{atom(), any()}]) ->
                              {ok, binary()}
                              | {error, term()}.
-create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args, Options) ->
+create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
     case proplists:get_value(backend, Options, aevm) of
         aevm ->
             case check_call(Code, Fun, Args, Options) of
@@ -377,7 +390,8 @@ create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args, Options) ->
 decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata) ->
     decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, [{backend, aevm}]).
 
-decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, Options) ->
+decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata, Options0) ->
+    Options = [no_code | Options0],
     try
         Code = string_to_code(ContractString, Options),
         #{ typed_ast := TypedAst, type_env  := TypeEnv} = Code,
@@ -527,8 +541,9 @@ to_bytecode([], _) -> [].
 
 extract_type_info(#{functions := Functions} =_Icode) ->
     ArgTypesOnly = fun(As) -> [ T || {_, T} <- As ] end,
+    Payable = fun(Attrs) -> proplists:get_value(payable, Attrs, false) end,
     TypeInfo = [aeb_aevm_abi:function_type_info(list_to_binary(lists:last(Name)),
-                                            ArgTypesOnly(Args), TypeRep)
+                                            Payable(Attrs), ArgTypesOnly(Args), TypeRep)
                 || {Name, Attrs, Args,_Body, TypeRep} <- Functions,
                    not is_tuple(Name),
                    not lists:member(private, Attrs)
@@ -552,9 +567,7 @@ pp(Code, Options, Option, PPFun) ->
             ok
     end.
 
-
 %% -------------------------------------------------------------------
-%% TODO: Tempoary parser hook below...
 
 sophia_type_to_typerep(String) ->
     {ok, Ast} = aeso_parser:type(String),
@@ -563,9 +576,14 @@ sophia_type_to_typerep(String) ->
     catch _:_ -> {error, bad_type}
     end.
 
+-spec parse(string(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> none() | aeso_syntax:ast().
 parse(Text, Options) ->
+    parse(Text, sets:new(), Options).
+
+-spec parse(string(), sets:set(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> none() | aeso_syntax:ast().
+parse(Text, Included, Options) ->
     %% Try and return something sensible here!
-    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Options) of
+    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Included, Options) of
         %% Yay, it worked!
         {ok, Contract} -> Contract;
         %% Scan errors.
@@ -584,6 +602,7 @@ parse(Text, Options) ->
             parse_error(Pos, io_lib:format("could not find include file '~s'", [File]))
     end.
 
+-spec parse_error(aeso_parse_lib:pos(), string()) -> none().
 parse_error(Pos, ErrorString) ->
     Error = io_lib:format("~s: ~s", [pos_error(Pos), ErrorString]),
     error({parse_errors, [Error]}).

src/aeso_fcode_to_fate.erl

@@ -98,26 +98,32 @@
      Op =:= 'SHA3'            orelse
      Op =:= 'SHA256'          orelse
      Op =:= 'BLAKE2B'         orelse
-     Op =:= 'ECVERIFY'        orelse
-     Op =:= 'ECVERIFY_SECP256K1' orelse
-     Op =:= 'CONTRACT_TO_ADDRESS' orelse
-     Op =:= 'AUTH_TX_HASH'    orelse
-     Op =:= 'BYTES_TO_INT'    orelse
-     Op =:= 'BYTES_TO_STR'    orelse
-     Op =:= 'ORACLE_CHECK'    orelse
-     Op =:= 'ORACLE_CHECK_QUERY' orelse
-     Op =:= 'IS_ORACLE'       orelse
-     Op =:= 'IS_CONTRACT'     orelse
-     Op =:= 'CREATOR'         orelse
+     Op =:= 'VERIFY_SIG'           orelse
+     Op =:= 'VERIFY_SIG_SECP256K1' orelse
+     Op =:= 'ECVERIFY_SECP256K1'   orelse
+     Op =:= 'ECRECOVER_SECP256K1'  orelse
+     Op =:= 'CONTRACT_TO_ADDRESS'  orelse
+     Op =:= 'AUTH_TX_HASH'         orelse
+     Op =:= 'BYTES_TO_INT'         orelse
+     Op =:= 'BYTES_TO_STR'         orelse
+     Op =:= 'ORACLE_CHECK'         orelse
+     Op =:= 'ORACLE_CHECK_QUERY'   orelse
+     Op =:= 'IS_ORACLE'            orelse
+     Op =:= 'IS_CONTRACT'          orelse
+     Op =:= 'IS_PAYABLE'           orelse
+     Op =:= 'CREATOR'              orelse
      false)).
 
--record(env, { contract, vars = [], locals = [], tailpos = true }).
+-record(env, { contract, vars = [], locals = [], current_function, tailpos = true }).
 
 %% -- Debugging --------------------------------------------------------------
 
-debug(Tag, Options, Fmt, Args) ->
+is_debug(Tag, Options) ->
     Tags = proplists:get_value(debug, Options, []),
-    case Tags == all orelse lists:member(Tag, Tags) of
+    Tags == all orelse lists:member(Tag, Tags).
+
+debug(Tag, Options, Fmt, Args) ->
+    case is_debug(Tag, Options) of
         true  -> io:format(Fmt, Args);
         false -> ok
     end.
@@ -127,19 +133,17 @@ debug(Tag, Options, Fmt, Args) ->
 %% @doc Main entry point.
 compile(FCode, Options) ->
     #{ contract_name := ContractName,
-       state_type    := StateType,
        functions     := Functions } = FCode,
     SFuns  = functions_to_scode(ContractName, Functions, Options),
     SFuns1 = optimize_scode(SFuns, Options),
-    SFuns2 = add_default_init_function(SFuns1, StateType),
-    FateCode = to_basic_blocks(SFuns2),
+    FateCode = to_basic_blocks(SFuns1),
     debug(compile, Options, "~s\n", [aeb_fate_asm:pp(FateCode)]),
     FateCode.
 
 make_function_id(X) ->
     aeb_fate_code:symbol_identifier(make_function_name(X)).
 
-make_function_name(init)               -> <<"init">>;
+make_function_name(init)               -> <<"INIT">>;
 make_function_name(event)              -> <<"Chain.event">>;
 make_function_name({entrypoint, Name}) -> Name;
 make_function_name({local_fun, Xs})    -> list_to_binary("." ++ string:join(Xs, ".")).
@@ -147,15 +151,17 @@ make_function_name({local_fun, Xs})    -> list_to_binary("." ++ string:join(Xs,
 functions_to_scode(ContractName, Functions, Options) ->
     FunNames = maps:keys(Functions),
     maps:from_list(
-        [ {make_function_name(Name), function_to_scode(ContractName, FunNames, Name, Args, Body, Type, Options)}
+        [ {make_function_name(Name), function_to_scode(ContractName, FunNames, Name, Attrs, Args, Body, Type, Options)}
         || {Name, #{args   := Args,
                     body   := Body,
+                    attrs  := Attrs,
                     return := Type}} <- maps:to_list(Functions)]).
 
-function_to_scode(ContractName, Functions, _Name, Args, Body, ResType, _Options) ->
+function_to_scode(ContractName, Functions, Name, Attrs0, Args, Body, ResType, _Options) ->
     {ArgTypes, ResType1} = typesig_to_scode(Args, ResType),
-    SCode    = to_scode(init_env(ContractName, Functions, Args), Body),
-    {{ArgTypes, ResType1}, SCode}.
+    Attrs = Attrs0 -- [stateful], %% Only track private and payable from here.
+    SCode = to_scode(init_env(ContractName, Functions, Name, Args), Body),
+    {Attrs, {ArgTypes, ResType1}, SCode}.
 
 -define(tvars, '$tvars').
 
@@ -191,30 +197,16 @@ type_to_scode({tvar, X}) ->
         J -> {tvar, J}
     end.
 
-add_default_init_function(SFuns, StateType) when StateType /= {tuple, []} ->
-    %% Only add default if the type is unit.
-    SFuns;
-add_default_init_function(SFuns, {tuple, []}) ->
-    %% Only add default if the init function is not present
-    InitName = make_function_name(init),
-    case maps:find(InitName, SFuns) of
-        {ok, _} ->
-            SFuns;
-        error ->
-            Sig = {[], {tuple, []}},
-            Body = [tuple(0)],
-            SFuns#{ InitName => {Sig, Body} }
-    end.
-
 %% -- Phase I ----------------------------------------------------------------
 %%  Icode to structured assembly
 
 %% -- Environment functions --
 
-init_env(ContractName, FunNames, Args) ->
+init_env(ContractName, FunNames, Name, Args) ->
     #env{ vars      = [ {X, {arg, I}} || {I, {X, _}} <- with_ixs(Args) ],
           contract  = ContractName,
           locals    = FunNames,
+          current_function = Name,
           tailpos   = true }.
 
 next_var(#env{ vars = Vars }) ->
@@ -317,6 +309,24 @@ to_scode(Env, {'let', X, Expr, Body}) ->
       aeb_fate_ops:store({var, I}, {stack, 0}),
       to_scode(Env1, Body) ];
 
+to_scode(Env = #env{ current_function = Fun, tailpos = true }, {def, Fun, Args}) ->
+    %% Tail-call to current function, f(e0..en). Compile to
+    %%      [ let xi = ei ]
+    %%      [ STORE argi xi ]
+    %%      jump 0
+    {Vars, Code, _Env} =
+        lists:foldl(fun(Arg, {Is, Acc, Env1}) ->
+                        {I, Env2} = bind_local("_", Env1),
+                        ArgCode   = to_scode(notail(Env2), Arg),
+                        Acc1 = [Acc, ArgCode,
+                                aeb_fate_ops:store({var, I}, ?a)],
+                        {[I | Is], Acc1, Env2}
+                    end, {[], [], Env}, Args),
+    [ Code,
+      [ aeb_fate_ops:store({arg, I}, {var, J})
+        || {I, J} <- lists:zip(lists:seq(0, length(Vars) - 1),
+                               lists:reverse(Vars)) ],
+      loop ];
 to_scode(Env, {def, Fun, Args}) ->
     FName = make_function_id(Fun),
     Lbl   = aeb_fate_data:make_string(FName),
@@ -327,21 +337,19 @@ to_scode(Env, {funcall, Fun, Args}) ->
 to_scode(Env, {builtin, B, Args}) ->
     builtin_to_scode(Env, B, Args);
 
-to_scode(Env, {remote, Ct, Fun, [{builtin, call_gas_left, _}, Value | Args]}) ->
-    %% Gas is not limited.
+to_scode(Env, {remote, ArgsT, RetT, Ct, Fun, [Gas, Value | Args]}) ->
     Lbl = make_function_id(Fun),
-    Call = if Env#env.tailpos -> aeb_fate_ops:call_tr(?a, Lbl, ?a);
-              true            -> aeb_fate_ops:call_r(?a, Lbl, ?a)
-           end,
-    call_to_scode(Env, Call, [Ct, Value | Args]);
-
-to_scode(Env, {remote, Ct, Fun, [Gas, Value | Args]}) ->
-    %% Gas is limited.
-    Lbl = make_function_id(Fun),
-    Call = if Env#env.tailpos -> aeb_fate_ops:call_gtr(?a, Lbl, ?a, ?a);
-              true            -> aeb_fate_ops:call_gr(?a, Lbl, ?a, ?a)
-           end,
-    call_to_scode(Env, Call, [Ct, Value, Gas | Args]);
+    {ArgTypes, RetType0} = typesig_to_scode([{"_", T} || T <- ArgsT], RetT),
+    ArgType = ?i(aeb_fate_data:make_typerep({tuple, ArgTypes})),
+    RetType = ?i(aeb_fate_data:make_typerep(RetType0)),
+    case Gas of
+        {builtin, call_gas_left, _} ->
+            Call = aeb_fate_ops:call_r(?a, Lbl, ArgType, RetType, ?a),
+            call_to_scode(Env, Call, [Ct, Value | Args]);
+        _ ->
+            Call = aeb_fate_ops:call_gr(?a, Lbl, ArgType, RetType, ?a, ?a),
+            call_to_scode(Env, Call, [Ct, Value, Gas | Args])
+    end;
 
 to_scode(Env, {closure, Fun, FVs}) ->
     to_scode(Env, {tuple, [{lit, {string, make_function_id(Fun)}}, FVs]});
@@ -542,13 +550,15 @@ builtin_to_scode(Env, address_is_oracle, [_] = Args) ->
     call_to_scode(Env, aeb_fate_ops:is_oracle(?a, ?a), Args);
 builtin_to_scode(Env, address_is_contract, [_] = Args) ->
     call_to_scode(Env, aeb_fate_ops:is_contract(?a, ?a), Args);
+builtin_to_scode(Env, address_is_payable, [_] = Args) ->
+    call_to_scode(Env, aeb_fate_ops:is_payable(?a, ?a), Args);
 builtin_to_scode(Env, aens_resolve, [_Name, _Key, _Type] = Args) ->
     call_to_scode(Env, aeb_fate_ops:aens_resolve(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a), Args);
 builtin_to_scode(Env, aens_preclaim, [_Sign, _Account, _Hash] = Args) ->
     call_to_scode(Env, [aeb_fate_ops:aens_preclaim(?a, ?a, ?a),
                         tuple(0)], Args);
-builtin_to_scode(Env, aens_claim, [_Sign, _Account, _NameString, _Salt] = Args) ->
-    call_to_scode(Env, [aeb_fate_ops:aens_claim(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a),
+builtin_to_scode(Env, aens_claim, [_Sign, _Account, _NameString, _Salt, _NameFee] = Args) ->
+    call_to_scode(Env, [aeb_fate_ops:aens_claim(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a, ?a),
                         tuple(0)], Args);
 builtin_to_scode(Env, aens_transfer, [_Sign, _From, _To, _Name] = Args) ->
     call_to_scode(Env, [aeb_fate_ops:aens_transfer(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a),
@@ -595,15 +605,17 @@ op_to_scode(bits_union)        -> aeb_fate_ops:bits_or(?a, ?a, ?a);
 op_to_scode(bits_difference)   -> aeb_fate_ops:bits_diff(?a, ?a, ?a);
 op_to_scode(address_to_str)    -> aeb_fate_ops:addr_to_str(?a, ?a);
 op_to_scode(int_to_str)        -> aeb_fate_ops:int_to_str(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(contract_to_address)       -> aeb_fate_ops:contract_to_address(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(crypto_ecverify)           -> aeb_fate_ops:ecverify(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(crypto_ecverify_secp256k1) -> aeb_fate_ops:ecverify_secp256k1(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(crypto_sha3)               -> aeb_fate_ops:sha3(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(crypto_sha256)             -> aeb_fate_ops:sha256(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(crypto_blake2b)            -> aeb_fate_ops:blake2b(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(string_sha3)               -> aeb_fate_ops:sha3(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(string_sha256)             -> aeb_fate_ops:sha256(?a, ?a);
-op_to_scode(string_blake2b)            -> aeb_fate_ops:blake2b(?a, ?a).
+op_to_scode(contract_to_address)         -> aeb_fate_ops:contract_to_address(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_verify_sig)           -> aeb_fate_ops:verify_sig(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_verify_sig_secp256k1) -> aeb_fate_ops:verify_sig_secp256k1(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_ecverify_secp256k1)   -> aeb_fate_ops:ecverify_secp256k1(?a, ?a, ?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_ecrecover_secp256k1)  -> aeb_fate_ops:ecrecover_secp256k1(?a, ?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_sha3)                 -> aeb_fate_ops:sha3(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_sha256)               -> aeb_fate_ops:sha256(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(crypto_blake2b)              -> aeb_fate_ops:blake2b(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(string_sha3)                 -> aeb_fate_ops:sha3(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(string_sha256)               -> aeb_fate_ops:sha256(?a, ?a);
+op_to_scode(string_blake2b)              -> aeb_fate_ops:blake2b(?a, ?a).
 
 %% PUSH and STORE ?a are the same, so we use STORE to make optimizations
 %% easier, and specialize to PUSH (which is cheaper) at the end.
@@ -628,12 +640,12 @@ flatten_s(I) -> I.
 
 -define(MAX_SIMPL_ITERATIONS, 10).
 
-optimize_fun(_Funs, Name, {{Args, Res}, Code}, Options) ->
+optimize_fun(_Funs, Name, {Attrs, Sig, Code}, Options) ->
     Code0 = flatten(Code),
     debug(opt, Options, "Optimizing ~s\n", [Name]),
     Code1 = simpl_loop(0, Code0, Options),
     Code2 = desugar(Code1),
-    {{Args, Res}, Code2}.
+    {Attrs, Sig, Code2}.
 
 simpl_loop(N, Code, Options) when N >= ?MAX_SIMPL_ITERATIONS ->
     debug(opt, Options, "  No simpl_loop fixed_point after ~p iterations.\n\n", [N]),
@@ -672,12 +684,15 @@ pp_ann(Ind, [{i, #{ live_in := In, live_out := Out }, I} | Code]) ->
     Fmt = fun([]) -> "()";
              (Xs) -> string:join([lists:concat(["var", N]) || {var, N} <- Xs], " ")
           end,
-    Op  = [Ind, aeb_fate_pp:format_op(I, #{})],
+    Op  = [Ind, pp_op(I)],
     Ann = [["   % ", Fmt(In), " -> ", Fmt(Out)] || In ++ Out /= []],
     [io_lib:format("~-40s~s\n", [Op, Ann]),
      pp_ann(Ind, Code)];
 pp_ann(_, []) -> [].
 
+pp_op(loop) -> "LOOP";
+pp_op(I)    ->
+    aeb_fate_pp:format_op(I, #{}).
 
 pp_arg(?i(I))    -> io_lib:format("~w", [I]);
 pp_arg({arg, N}) -> io_lib:format("arg~p", [N]);
@@ -744,14 +759,13 @@ attributes(I) ->
     Pure   = fun(W, R) -> Attr(W, R, true) end,
     Impure = fun(W, R) -> Attr(W, R, false) end,
     case I of
+        loop                                  -> Impure(pc, []);
         'RETURN'                              -> Impure(pc, []);
         {'RETURNR', A}                        -> Impure(pc, A);
         {'CALL', _}                           -> Impure(?a, []);
-        {'CALL_R', A, _, B}                   -> Impure(?a, [A, B]);
-        {'CALL_GR', A, _, B, C}               -> Impure(?a, [A, B, C]);
+        {'CALL_R', A, _, B, C, D}             -> Impure(?a, [A, B, C, D]);
+        {'CALL_GR', A, _, B, C, D, E}         -> Impure(?a, [A, B, C, D, E]);
         {'CALL_T', _}                         -> Impure(pc, []);
-        {'CALL_TR', A, _, B}                  -> Impure(pc, [A, B]);
-        {'CALL_GTR', A, _, B, C}              -> Impure(pc, [A, B, C]);
         {'CALL_VALUE', A}                     -> Pure(A, []);
         {'JUMP', _}                           -> Impure(pc, []);
         {'JUMPIF', A, _}                      -> Impure(pc, A);
@@ -825,8 +839,10 @@ attributes(I) ->
         {'SHA3', A, B}                        -> Pure(A, [B]);
         {'SHA256', A, B}                      -> Pure(A, [B]);
         {'BLAKE2B', A, B}                     -> Pure(A, [B]);
-        {'ECVERIFY', A, B, C, D}              -> Pure(A, [B, C, D]);
+        {'VERIFY_SIG', A, B, C, D}            -> Pure(A, [B, C, D]);
+        {'VERIFY_SIG_SECP256K1', A, B, C, D}  -> Pure(A, [B, C, D]);
         {'ECVERIFY_SECP256K1', A, B, C, D}    -> Pure(A, [B, C, D]);
+        {'ECRECOVER_SECP256K1', A, B, C}      -> Pure(A, [B, C]);
         {'CONTRACT_TO_ADDRESS', A, B}         -> Pure(A, [B]);
         {'AUTH_TX_HASH', A}                   -> Pure(A, []);
         {'BYTES_TO_INT', A, B}                -> Pure(A, [B]);
@@ -835,6 +851,7 @@ attributes(I) ->
         {'ORACLE_CHECK_QUERY', A, B, C, D, E} -> Impure(A, [B, C, D, E]);
         {'IS_ORACLE', A, B}                   -> Impure(A, [B]);
         {'IS_CONTRACT', A, B}                 -> Impure(A, [B]);
+        {'IS_PAYABLE', A, B}                  -> Impure(A, [B]);
         {'CREATOR', A}                        -> Pure(A, []);
         {'ADDRESS', A}                        -> Pure(A, []);
         {'BALANCE', A}                        -> Impure(A, []);
@@ -866,7 +883,7 @@ attributes(I) ->
         {'ORACLE_QUERY_FEE', A, B}            -> Impure(A, [B]);
         {'AENS_RESOLVE', A, B, C, D}          -> Impure(A, [B, C, D]);
         {'AENS_PRECLAIM', A, B, C}            -> Impure(none, [A, B, C]);
-        {'AENS_CLAIM', A, B, C, D}            -> Impure(none, [A, B, C, D]);
+        {'AENS_CLAIM', A, B, C, D, E}         -> Impure(none, [A, B, C, D, E]);
         'AENS_UPDATE'                         -> Impure(none, []);%% TODO
         {'AENS_TRANSFER', A, B, C, D}         -> Impure(none, [A, B, C, D]);
         {'AENS_REVOKE', A, B, C}              -> Impure(none, [A, B, C]);
@@ -945,15 +962,29 @@ simpl_s({switch, Arg, Type, Alts, Def}, Options) ->
     {switch, Arg, Type, [simplify(A, Options) || A <- Alts], simplify(Def, Options)};
 simpl_s(I, _) -> I.
 
-simpl_top(I, Code, Options) ->
-    apply_rules(rules(), I, Code, Options).
+%% Safe-guard against loops in the rewriting. Shouldn't happen so throw an
+%% error if we run out.
+-define(SIMPL_FUEL, 5000).
 
-apply_rules(Rules, I, Code, Options) ->
-    Cons = fun(X, Xs) -> simpl_top(X, Xs, Options) end,
+simpl_top(I, Code, Options) ->
+    simpl_top(?SIMPL_FUEL, I, Code, Options).
+
+simpl_top(0, I, Code, _Options) ->
+    error({out_of_fuel, I, Code});
+simpl_top(Fuel, I, Code, Options) ->
+    apply_rules(Fuel, rules(), I, Code, Options).
+
+apply_rules(Fuel, Rules, I, Code, Options) ->
+    Cons = fun(X, Xs) -> simpl_top(Fuel - 1, X, Xs, Options) end,
     case apply_rules_once(Rules, I, Code) of
         false -> [I | Code];
         {RName, New, Rest} ->
-            debug(opt_rules, Options, "  Applied ~p:\n~s  ==>\n~s\n", [RName, pp_ann("    ", [I | Code]), pp_ann("    ", New ++ Rest)]),
+            case is_debug(opt_rules, Options) of
+                true ->
+                    {OldCode, NewCode} = drop_common_suffix([I | Code], New ++ Rest),
+                    debug(opt_rules, Options, "  Applied ~p:\n~s  ==>\n~s\n", [RName, pp_ann("    ", OldCode), pp_ann("    ", NewCode)]);
+                false -> ok
+            end,
             lists:foldr(Cons, Rest, New)
     end.
 
@@ -977,6 +1008,7 @@ merge_rules() ->
 rules() ->
     merge_rules() ++
     [?RULE(r_swap_push),
+     ?RULE(r_swap_pop),
      ?RULE(r_swap_write),
      ?RULE(r_constant_propagation),
      ?RULE(r_prune_impossible_branches),
@@ -1014,11 +1046,12 @@ inline_push(Ann1, Arg, Stack, [{i, Ann2, I} = AI | Code], Acc) ->
                     {As0, As1} = split_stack_arg(Stack, As),
                     Acc1 = [{i, merge_ann(Ann1, Ann2), from_op_view(Op, R, As0 ++ [Arg] ++ As1)} | Acc],
                     {lists:reverse(Acc1), Code};
-                false ->
+                false when Arg /= R ->
                     {AI1, {i, Ann1b, _}} = swap_instrs({i, Ann1, {'STORE', ?a, Arg}}, AI),
-                    inline_push(Ann1b, Arg, Stack + Produces - Consumes, Code, [AI1 | Acc])
+                    inline_push(Ann1b, Arg, Stack + Produces - Consumes, Code, [AI1 | Acc]);
+                false -> false
             end;
-        false -> false
+        _ -> false
     end;
 inline_push(_, _, _, _, _) -> false.
 
@@ -1030,16 +1063,42 @@ split_stack_arg(N, [A | As], Acc) ->
             true    -> N end,
     split_stack_arg(N1, As, [A | Acc]).
 
-%% Move PUSH A past non-stack instructions.
-r_swap_push(Push = {i, _, {'STORE', ?a, _}}, [I | Code]) ->
-    case independent(Push, I) of
-        true ->
-            {I1, Push1} = swap_instrs(Push, I),
-            {[I1, Push1], Code};
-        false -> false
+%% Move PUSHes past non-stack instructions.
+r_swap_push(Push = {i, _, PushI}, [I | Code]) ->
+    case op_view(PushI) of
+        {_, ?a, _} ->
+            case independent(Push, I) of
+                true ->
+                    {I1, Push1} = swap_instrs(Push, I),
+                    {[I1, Push1], Code};
+                false -> false
+            end;
+        _ -> false
     end;
 r_swap_push(_, _) -> false.
 
+%% Move non-stack instruction past POPs.
+r_swap_pop(IA = {i, _, I}, [JA = {i, _, J} | Code]) ->
+    case independent(IA, JA) of
+        true ->
+            case {op_view(I), op_view(J)} of
+                {false, _} -> false;
+                {_, false} -> false;
+                {{_, IR, IAs}, {_, RJ, JAs}} ->
+                    NonStackI = not lists:member(?a, [IR | IAs]),
+                    %% RJ /= ?a to not conflict with r_swap_push
+                    PopJ      = RJ /= ?a andalso lists:member(?a, JAs),
+                    case NonStackI andalso PopJ of
+                        false -> false;
+                        true  ->
+                            {JA1, IA1} = swap_instrs(IA, JA),
+                            {[JA1, IA1], Code}
+                    end
+            end;
+        false -> false
+    end;
+r_swap_pop(_, _) -> false.
+
 %% Match up writes to variables with instructions further down.
 r_swap_write(I = {i, _, _}, [J | Code]) ->
     case {var_writes(I), independent(I, J)} of
@@ -1175,6 +1234,8 @@ r_float_switch_body(I = {i, _, _}, [switch_body | Code]) ->
 r_float_switch_body(_, _) -> false.
 
 %% Inline stores
+r_inline_store({i, _, {'STORE', R, R}}, Code) ->
+    {[], Code};
 r_inline_store(I = {i, _, {'STORE', R = {var, _}, A}}, Code) ->
     %% Not when A is var unless updating the annotations properly.
     Inline = case A of
@@ -1267,9 +1328,13 @@ unannotate(Code) when is_list(Code) ->
 unannotate({i, _Ann, I}) -> [I].
 
 %% Desugar and specialize
-desugar({'ADD', ?a, ?i(1), ?a})     -> [aeb_fate_ops:inc()];
-desugar({'SUB', ?a, ?a, ?i(1)})     -> [aeb_fate_ops:dec()];
-desugar({'STORE', ?a, A})           -> [aeb_fate_ops:push(A)];
+desugar({'ADD', ?a, ?i(1), ?a}) -> [aeb_fate_ops:inc()];
+desugar({'ADD', A,  ?i(1), A})  -> [aeb_fate_ops:inc(A)];
+desugar({'ADD', ?a, ?a, ?i(1)}) -> [aeb_fate_ops:inc()];
+desugar({'ADD', A,  A,  ?i(1)}) -> [aeb_fate_ops:inc(A)];
+desugar({'SUB', ?a, ?a, ?i(1)}) -> [aeb_fate_ops:dec()];
+desugar({'SUB', A, A, ?i(1)})   -> [aeb_fate_ops:dec(A)];
+desugar({'STORE', ?a, A})       -> [aeb_fate_ops:push(A)];
 desugar({switch, Arg, Type, Alts, Def}) ->
     [{switch, Arg, Type, [desugar(A) || A <- Alts], desugar(Def)}];
 desugar(missing) -> missing;
@@ -1283,9 +1348,9 @@ desugar(I) -> [I].
 to_basic_blocks(Funs) ->
     to_basic_blocks(maps:to_list(Funs), aeb_fate_code:new()).
 
-to_basic_blocks([{Name, {Sig, Code}}|Left], Acc) ->
+to_basic_blocks([{Name, {Attrs, Sig, Code}}|Left], Acc) ->
     BB = bb(Name, Code ++ [aeb_fate_ops:return()]),
-    to_basic_blocks(Left, aeb_fate_code:insert_fun(Name, Sig, BB, Acc));
+    to_basic_blocks(Left, aeb_fate_code:insert_fun(Name, Attrs, Sig, BB, Acc));
 to_basic_blocks([], Acc) ->
     Acc.
 
@@ -1340,7 +1405,7 @@ block(Blk = #blk{code     = [{switch, Arg, Type, Alts, Default} | Code],
     {DefRef, DefBlk} =
         case Default of
             missing when Catchall == none ->
-                FreshBlk([aeb_fate_ops:abort(?i(<<"Incomplete patterns">>))], none);
+                FreshBlk([aeb_fate_ops:exit(?i(<<"Incomplete patterns">>))], none);
             missing -> {Catchall, []};
             _       -> FreshBlk(Default ++ [{jump, RestRef}], Catchall)
                        %% ^ fall-through to the outer catchall
@@ -1413,8 +1478,7 @@ reorder_blocks(Ref, Code, Blocks, Acc) ->
         ['RETURN'|_]          -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
         [{'RETURNR', _}|_]    -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
         [{'CALL_T', _}|_]     -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
-        [{'CALL_TR', _, _, _}|_] -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
-        [{'CALL_GTR', _, _, _}|_] -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
+        [{'EXIT', _}|_]       -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
         [{'ABORT', _}|_]      -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
         [{switch, _, _}|_]    -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
         [{jump, L}|_]         ->
@@ -1453,12 +1517,10 @@ chase_labels([L | Ls], Map, Live) ->
     chase_labels(New ++ Ls, Map, Live#{ L => true }).
 
 %% Replace PUSH, RETURN by RETURNR, drop returns after tail calls.
-tweak_returns(['RETURN', {'PUSH', A} | Code])                     -> [{'RETURNR', A} | Code];
-tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'CALL_T', _} | _]])            -> Code;
-tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'CALL_TR', _, _, _} | _]])     -> Code;
-tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'CALL_GT', _} | _]])           -> Code;
-tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'CALL_GTR', _, _, _, _} | _]]) -> Code;
-tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'ABORT', _} | _]])             -> Code;
+tweak_returns(['RETURN', {'PUSH', A} | Code])          -> [{'RETURNR', A} | Code];
+tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'CALL_T', _} | _]]) -> Code;
+tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'ABORT', _} | _]])  -> Code;
+tweak_returns(['RETURN' | Code = [{'EXIT', _} | _]])   -> Code;
 tweak_returns(Code) -> Code.
 
 %% -- Split basic blocks at CALL instructions --
@@ -1472,10 +1534,13 @@ split_calls(Ref, [], Acc, Blocks) ->
 split_calls(Ref, [I | Code], Acc, Blocks) when element(1, I) == 'CALL';
                                                element(1, I) == 'CALL_R';
                                                element(1, I) == 'CALL_GR';
-                                               element(1, I) == 'jumpif' ->
+                                               element(1, I) == 'jumpif';
+                                               I == loop ->
     split_calls(make_ref(), Code, [], [{Ref, lists:reverse([I | Acc])} | Blocks]);
 split_calls(Ref, [{'ABORT', _} = I | _Code], Acc, Blocks) ->
     lists:reverse([{Ref, lists:reverse([I | Acc])} | Blocks]);
+split_calls(Ref, [{'EXIT', _} = I | _Code], Acc, Blocks) ->
+    lists:reverse([{Ref, lists:reverse([I | Acc])} | Blocks]);
 split_calls(Ref, [I | Code], Acc, Blocks) ->
     split_calls(Ref, Code, [I | Acc], Blocks).
 
@@ -1483,7 +1548,8 @@ split_calls(Ref, [I | Code], Acc, Blocks) ->
 
 set_labels(Labels, {Ref, Code}) when is_reference(Ref) ->
     {maps:get(Ref, Labels), [ set_labels(Labels, I) || I <- Code ]};
-set_labels(Labels, {jump, Ref})   -> aeb_fate_ops:jump(maps:get(Ref, Labels));
+set_labels(_Labels, loop)              -> aeb_fate_ops:jump(0);
+set_labels(Labels, {jump, Ref})        -> aeb_fate_ops:jump(maps:get(Ref, Labels));
 set_labels(Labels, {jumpif, Arg, Ref}) -> aeb_fate_ops:jumpif(Arg, maps:get(Ref, Labels));
 set_labels(Labels, {switch, Arg, Refs}) ->
     case [ maps:get(Ref, Labels) || Ref <- Refs ] of
@@ -1498,3 +1564,10 @@ set_labels(_, I) -> I.
 with_ixs(Xs) ->
     lists:zip(lists:seq(0, length(Xs) - 1), Xs).
 
+drop_common_suffix(Xs, Ys) ->
+    drop_common_suffix_r(lists:reverse(Xs), lists:reverse(Ys)).
+
+drop_common_suffix_r([X | Xs], [X | Ys]) ->
+    drop_common_suffix_r(Xs, Ys);
+drop_common_suffix_r(Xs, Ys) ->
+    {lists:reverse(Xs), lists:reverse(Ys)}.

src/aeso_icode.erl

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
          pp/1,
          set_name/2,
          set_namespace/2,
+         set_payable/2,
          enter_namespace/2,
          get_namespace/1,
          qualify/2,
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
                   , type_vars => #{ string() => aeb_aevm_data:type() }
                   , constructors => #{ [string()] => integer() }  %% name to tag
                   , options => [any()]
+                  , payable => boolean()
                   }.
 
 pp(Icode) ->
@@ -65,7 +67,8 @@ new(Options) ->
      , types => builtin_types()
      , type_vars => #{}
      , constructors => builtin_constructors()
-     , options => Options}.
+     , options => Options
+     , payable => false }.
 
 builtin_types() ->
     Word = fun([]) -> word end,
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ builtin_types() ->
      , "string"       => fun([]) -> string end
      , "address"      => Word
      , "hash"         => Word
+     , "unit"         => fun([]) -> {tuple, []} end
      , "signature"    => fun([]) -> {tuple, [word, word]} end
      , "oracle"       => fun([_, _]) -> word end
      , "oracle_query" => fun([_, _]) -> word end
@@ -103,6 +107,10 @@ new_env() ->
 set_name(Name, Icode) ->
     maps:put(contract_name, Name, Icode).
 
+-spec set_payable(boolean(), icode()) -> icode().
+set_payable(Payable, Icode) ->
+    maps:put(payable, Payable, Icode).
+
 -spec set_namespace(aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon(), icode()) -> icode().
 set_namespace(NS, Icode) -> Icode#{ namespace => NS }.
 

src/aeso_parser.erl

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 -export([string/1,
          string/2,
+         string/3,
+         hash_include/2,
          type/1]).
 
 -include("aeso_parse_lib.hrl").
@@ -14,15 +16,24 @@
                       | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom(), term()}}
                       | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom()}}.
 
+-type include_hash() :: {string(), binary()}.
+
 -spec string(string()) -> parse_result().
 string(String) ->
-    string(String, []).
+    string(String, sets:new(), []).
 
 -spec string(string(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
 string(String, Opts) ->
+    case lists:keyfind(src_file, 1, Opts) of
+        {src_file, File} -> string(String, sets:add_element(File, sets:new()), Opts);
+        false -> string(String, sets:new(), Opts)
+    end.
+
+-spec string(string(), sets:set(include_hash()), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
+string(String, Included, Opts) ->
     case parse_and_scan(file(), String, Opts) of
         {ok, AST} ->
-            expand_includes(AST, Opts);
+            expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts);
         Err = {error, _} ->
             Err
     end.
@@ -46,6 +57,7 @@ decl() ->
     choice(
       %% Contract declaration
     [ ?RULE(keyword(contract),  con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {contract, _1, _2, _4})
+    , ?RULE(token(payable),     keyword(contract), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), add_modifiers([_1], {contract, _2, _3, _5}))
     , ?RULE(keyword(namespace), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {namespace, _1, _2, _4})
     , ?RULE(keyword(include),   str(), {include, get_ann(_1), _2})
 
@@ -70,7 +82,7 @@ fun_or_entry() ->
             ?RULE(keyword(entrypoint), {entrypoint, _1})]).
 
 modifiers() ->
-    many(choice([token(stateful), token(private), token(public)])).
+    many(choice([token(stateful), token(payable), token(private), token(public)])).
 
 add_modifiers(Mods, Entry = {entrypoint, _}, Node) ->
     add_modifiers(Mods ++ [Entry], Node);
@@ -138,9 +150,10 @@ type() -> ?LAZY_P(type100()).
 type100() -> type200().
 
 type200() ->
-    ?RULE(many({fun_domain(), keyword('=>')}), type300(), fun_t(_1, _2)).
+    ?RULE(many({type300(), keyword('=>')}), type300(), fun_t(_1, _2)).
 
-type300() -> type400().
+type300() ->
+    ?RULE(sep1(type400(), tok('*')), tuple_t(get_ann(lists:nth(1, _1)), _1)).
 
 type400() ->
     choice(
@@ -155,11 +168,17 @@ type400() ->
 
 typeAtom() ->
     ?LAZY_P(choice(
-    [ id(), token(con), token(qcon), token(qid), tvar()
-    , ?RULE(keyword('('), comma_sep(type()), tok(')'), tuple_t(_1, _2))
+    [ parens(type())
+    , args_t()
+    , id(), token(con), token(qcon), token(qid), tvar()
     ])).
 
-fun_domain() -> ?RULE(?LAZY_P(type300()), fun_domain(_1)).
+args_t() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+    [ ?RULE(tok('('), tok(')'), {args_t, get_ann(_1), []})
+      %% Singleton case handled separately
+    , ?RULE(tok('('), type(), tok(','), sep1(type(), tok(',')), tok(')'), {args_t, get_ann(_1), [_2|_4]})
+    ])).
 
 %% -- Statements -------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -222,11 +241,25 @@ exprAtom() ->
         , {bool, keyword(false), false}
         , ?LET_P(Fs, brace_list(?LAZY_P(field_assignment())), record(Fs))
         , {list, [], bracket_list(Expr)}
+        , ?RULE(keyword('['), Expr, token('|'), comma_sep(comprehension_exp()), tok(']'), list_comp_e(_1, _2, _4))
         , ?RULE(tok('['), Expr, binop('..'), Expr, tok(']'), _3(_2, _4))
         , ?RULE(keyword('('), comma_sep(Expr), tok(')'), tuple_e(_1, _2))
         ])
     end).
 
+comprehension_exp() ->
+    ?LAZY_P(choice(
+      [ comprehension_bind()
+      , letdecl()
+      , comprehension_if()
+      ])).
+
+comprehension_if() ->
+    ?RULE(keyword('if'), parens(expr()), {comprehension_if, _1, _2}).
+
+comprehension_bind() ->
+    ?RULE(id(), tok('<-'), expr(), {comprehension_bind, _1, _3}).
+
 arg_expr() ->
     ?LAZY_P(
         choice([ ?RULE(id(), tok('='), expr(), {named_arg, [], _1, _3})
@@ -467,15 +500,14 @@ tuple_t(_Ann, [Type]) -> Type;  %% Not a tuple
 tuple_t(Ann, Types)   -> {tuple_t, Ann, Types}.
 
 fun_t(Domains, Type) ->
-    lists:foldr(fun({Dom, Ann}, T) -> {fun_t, Ann, [], Dom, T} end,
+    lists:foldr(fun({{args_t, _, Dom}, Ann}, T) -> {fun_t, Ann, [], Dom, T};
+                    ({Dom, Ann}, T)             -> {fun_t, Ann, [], [Dom], T} end,
                 Type, Domains).
 
 tuple_e(_Ann, [Expr]) -> Expr;  %% Not a tuple
 tuple_e(Ann, Exprs)   -> {tuple, Ann, Exprs}.
 
-%% TODO: not nice
-fun_domain({tuple_t, _, Args}) -> Args;
-fun_domain(T)                  -> [T].
+list_comp_e(Ann, Expr, Binds) -> {list_comp, Ann, Expr, Binds}.
 
 -spec parse_pattern(aeso_syntax:expr()) -> aeso_parse_lib:parser(aeso_syntax:pat()).
 parse_pattern({app, Ann, Con = {'::', _}, Es}) ->
@@ -517,26 +549,37 @@ bad_expr_err(Reason, E) ->
                             prettypr:nest(2, aeso_pretty:expr(E))])).
 
 %% -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------
-expand_includes(AST, Opts) ->
-    expand_includes(AST, [], Opts).
 
-expand_includes([], Acc, _Opts) ->
+expand_includes(AST, Included, Opts) ->
+    Ann  = [{origin, system}],
+    AST1 = [ {include, Ann, {string, Ann, File}}
+             || File <- lists:usort(auto_imports(AST)) ] ++ AST,
+    expand_includes(AST1, Included, [], Opts).
+
+expand_includes([], _Included, Acc, _Opts) ->
     {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
-expand_includes([{include, _, S = {string, _, File}} | AST], Acc, Opts) ->
-    case read_file(File, Opts) of
-        {ok, Bin} ->
-            Opts1 = lists:keystore(src_file, 1, Opts, {src_file, File}),
-            case string(binary_to_list(Bin), Opts1) of
-                {ok, AST1} ->
-                    expand_includes(AST1 ++ AST, Acc, Opts);
-                Err = {error, _} ->
-                    Err
+expand_includes([{include, Ann, {string, _SAnn, File}} | AST], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
+    case get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) of
+        {ok, Code} ->
+            Hashed = hash_include(File, Code),
+            case sets:is_element(Hashed, Included) of
+                false ->
+                    Opts1 = lists:keystore(src_file, 1, Opts, {src_file, File}),
+                    Included1 = sets:add_element(Hashed, Included),
+                    case parse_and_scan(file(), Code, Opts1) of
+                        {ok, AST1} ->
+                            expand_includes(AST1 ++ AST, Included1, Acc, Opts);
+                        Err = {error, _} ->
+                            Err
+                    end;
+                true ->
+                    expand_includes(AST, Included, Acc, Opts)
             end;
-        {error, _} ->
-            {error, {get_pos(S), include_error, File}}
+        Err = {error, _} ->
+            Err
     end;
-expand_includes([E | AST], Acc, Opts) ->
-    expand_includes(AST, [E | Acc], Opts).
+expand_includes([E | AST], Included, Acc, Opts) ->
+    expand_includes(AST, Included, [E | Acc], Opts).
 
 read_file(File, Opts) ->
     case proplists:get_value(include, Opts, {explicit_files, #{}}) of
@@ -551,3 +594,31 @@ read_file(File, Opts) ->
             end
     end.
 
+stdlib_options() ->
+    [{include, {file_system, [aeso_stdlib:stdlib_include_path()]}}].
+
+get_include_code(File, Ann, Opts) ->
+    case {read_file(File, Opts), read_file(File, stdlib_options())} of
+        {{ok, _}, {ok,_ }} ->
+            return_error(ann_pos(Ann), "Illegal redefinition of standard library " ++ File);
+        {_, {ok, Bin}} ->
+            {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)};
+        {{ok, Bin}, _} ->
+            {ok, binary_to_list(Bin)};
+        {_, _} ->
+            {error, {ann_pos(Ann), include_error, File}}
+    end.
+
+-spec hash_include(string() | binary(), string()) -> include_hash().
+hash_include(File, Code) when is_binary(File) ->
+    hash_include(binary_to_list(File), Code);
+hash_include(File, Code) when is_list(File) ->
+    {filename:basename(File), crypto:hash(sha256, Code)}.
+
+auto_imports({comprehension_bind, _, _}) -> [<<"ListInternal.aes">>];
+auto_imports({'..', _})                  -> [<<"ListInternal.aes">>];
+auto_imports(L) when is_list(L) ->
+    lists:flatmap(fun auto_imports/1, L);
+auto_imports(T) when is_tuple(T) ->
+    auto_imports(tuple_to_list(T));
+auto_imports(_) -> [].

src/aeso_pretty.erl

@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ typedef({variant_t, Constructors}) ->
 
 -spec constructor_t(aeso_syntax:constructor_t()) -> doc().
 constructor_t({constr_t, _, C, []}) -> name(C);
-constructor_t({constr_t, _, C, Args}) -> beside(name(C), tuple_type(Args)).
+constructor_t({constr_t, _, C, Args}) -> beside(name(C), args_type(Args)).
 
 -spec field_t(aeso_syntax:field_t()) -> doc().
 field_t({field_t, _, Name, Type}) ->
@@ -234,13 +234,17 @@ type(Type, Options) ->
 
 -spec type(aeso_syntax:type()) -> doc().
 type({fun_t, _, Named, Args, Ret}) ->
+    follow(hsep(args_type(Named ++ Args), text("=>")), type(Ret));
+type({type_sig, _, Named, Args, Ret}) ->
     follow(hsep(tuple_type(Named ++ Args), text("=>")), type(Ret));
 type({app_t, _, Type, []}) ->
     type(Type);
 type({app_t, _, Type, Args}) ->
-    beside(type(Type), tuple_type(Args));
+    beside(type(Type), args_type(Args));
 type({tuple_t, _, Args}) ->
     tuple_type(Args);
+type({args_t, _, Args}) ->
+    args_type(Args);
 type({bytes_t, _, any}) -> text("bytes(_)");
 type({bytes_t, _, Len}) ->
     text(lists:concat(["bytes(", Len, ")"]));
@@ -256,10 +260,20 @@ type(T = {con, _, _})  -> name(T);
 type(T = {qcon, _, _}) -> name(T);
 type(T = {tvar, _, _}) -> name(T).
 
--spec tuple_type([aeso_syntax:type()]) -> doc().
-tuple_type(Args) ->
+-spec args_type([aeso_syntax:type()]) -> doc().
+args_type(Args) ->
     tuple(lists:map(fun type/1, Args)).
 
+-spec tuple_type([aeso_syntax:type()]) -> doc().
+tuple_type([]) ->
+    text("unit");
+tuple_type(Factors) ->
+    beside(
+      [ text("(")
+      , par(punctuate(text(" *"), lists:map(fun type/1, Factors)), 0)
+      , text(")")
+      ]).
+
 -spec arg_expr(aeso_syntax:arg_expr()) -> doc().
 arg_expr({named_arg, _, Name, E}) ->
     follow(hsep(expr(Name), text("=")), expr(E));

src/aeso_scan.erl

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ lexer() ->
         , {"[^/*]+|[/*]", skip()} ],
 
     Keywords = ["contract", "include", "let", "switch", "type", "record", "datatype", "if", "elif", "else", "function",
-                "stateful", "true", "false", "mod", "public", "entrypoint", "private", "indexed", "namespace"],
+                "stateful", "payable", "true", "false", "mod", "public", "entrypoint", "private", "indexed", "namespace"],
     KW = string:join(Keywords, "|"),
 
     Rules =

src/aeso_stdlib.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Radosław Rowicki
+%%% @copyright (C) 2019, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Standard library for Sophia
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 6 July 2019
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_stdlib).
+
+-export([stdlib_include_path/0]).
+
+stdlib_include_path() ->
+    filename:join([code:priv_dir(aesophia), "stdlib"]).
+

src/aeso_syntax.erl

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 -type type() :: {fun_t, ann(), [named_arg_t()], [type()], type()}
               | {app_t, ann(), type(), [type()]}
               | {tuple_t, ann(), [type()]}
+              | {args_t, ann(), [type()]}   %% old tuple syntax, old for error messages
               | {bytes_t, ann(), integer() | any}
               | id()  | qid()
               | con() | qcon()  %% contracts
@@ -92,6 +93,7 @@
      | {proj, ann(), expr(), id()}
      | {tuple, ann(), [expr()]}
      | {list, ann(), [expr()]}
+     | {list_comp, ann(), expr(), [comprehension_exp()]}
      | {typed, ann(), expr(), type()}
      | {record, ann(), [field(expr())]}
      | {record, ann(), expr(), [field(expr())]} %% record update
@@ -104,6 +106,10 @@
      | id() | qid() | con() | qcon()
      | constant().
 
+-type comprehension_exp() :: [ {comprehension_bind, id(), expr()}
+                             | {comprehension_if, ann(), expr()}
+                             | letbind() ].
+
 -type arg_expr() :: expr() | {named_arg, ann(), id(), expr()}.
 
 %% When lvalue is a projection this is sugar for accessing fields in nested

src/aeso_syntax_utils.erl

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
             {type_def, _, I, _, D}   -> Plus(BindType(I), Decl(D));
             {fun_decl, _, _, T}      -> Type(T);
             {letval, _, F, T, E}     -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(E)]);
-            {letfun, _, F, Xs, T, E} -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Scoped(BindExpr(Xs), Expr(E))]);
+            {letfun, _, F, Xs, T, E} -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(Xs ++ [E])]);
             %% typedef()
             {alias_t, T}    -> Type(T);
             {record_t, Fs}  -> Type(Fs);
@@ -71,6 +71,15 @@ fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
             {proj, _, E, _}        -> Expr(E);
             {tuple, _, As}         -> Expr(As);
             {list, _, As}          -> Expr(As);
+            {list_comp, _, Y, []}  -> Expr(Y);
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [{comprehension_bind, I, E}|R]} ->
+                Plus(Expr(E), Scoped(BindExpr(I), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [{comprehension_if, _, E}|R]} ->
+                Plus(Expr(E), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R}));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letval, _, F, _, _} | R]} ->
+                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
+            {list_comp, A, Y, [D = {letfun, _, F, _, _, _} | R]} ->
+                Plus(Decl(D), Scoped(BindExpr(F), Expr({list_comp, A, Y, R})));
             {typed, _, E, T}       -> Plus(Expr(E), Type(T));
             {record, _, Fs}        -> Expr(Fs);
             {record, _, E, Fs}     -> Expr([E | Fs]);
@@ -83,7 +92,7 @@ fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
             {field, _, LV, E}    -> Expr([LV, E]);
             {field, _, LV, _, E} -> Expr([LV, E]);
             %% arg()
-            {arg, _, X, T} -> Plus(Expr(X), Type(T));
+            {arg, _, Y, T} -> Plus(BindExpr(Y), Type(T));
             %% alt()
             {'case', _, P, E} -> Scoped(BindExpr(P), Expr(E));
             %% elim()
@@ -115,12 +124,12 @@ used_types([Top] = _CurrentNS, T) ->
 entity_alg() ->
     IsBound = fun({K, _}) -> lists:member(K, [bound_term, bound_type]) end,
     Unbind  = fun(bound_term) -> term; (bound_type) -> type end,
-    Remove  = fun(Keys, Map) -> lists:foldl(fun maps:remove/2, Map, Keys) end,
+    Remove  = fun(Keys, Map) -> maps:without(Keys, Map) end,
     Scoped = fun(Xs, Ys) ->
-                Bound  = [E || E <- maps:keys(Ys), IsBound(E)],
-                Others = Remove(Bound, Ys),
+                Bound  = [E || E <- maps:keys(Xs), IsBound(E)],
                 Bound1 = [ {Unbind(Tag), X} || {Tag, X} <- Bound ],
-                maps:merge(Remove(Bound1, Xs), Others)
+                Others = Remove(Bound1, Ys),
+                maps:merge(Remove(Bound, Xs), Others)
             end,
     #alg{ zero   = #{}
         , plus   = fun maps:merge/2

src/aesophia.app.src

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {application, aesophia,
  [{description, "Contract Language for aeternity"},
-  {vsn, "3.2.0"},
+  {vsn, "4.0.0-rc1"},
   {registered, []},
   {applications,
    [kernel,

test/aeso_abi_tests.erl

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ encode_decode_sophia_test() ->
     ok = Check("bool", "true"),
     ok = Check("bool", "false"),
     ok = Check("string", "\"Hello\""),
-    ok = Check("(string, list(int), option(bool))",
+    ok = Check("string * list(int) * option(bool)",
                "(\"Hello\", [1, 2, 3], Some(true))"),
     ok = Check("variant", "Blue({[\"x\"] = 1})"),
     ok = Check("r", "{x = (\"foo\", 0), y = Red}"),
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ encode_decode_sophia_string(SophiaType, String) ->
     io:format("String ~p~n", [String]),
     Code = [ "contract MakeCall =\n"
            , "  type arg_type = ", SophiaType, "\n"
-           , "  type an_alias('a) = (string, 'a)\n"
+           , "  type an_alias('a) = string * 'a\n"
            , "  record r = {x : an_alias(int), y : variant}\n"
            , "  datatype variant = Red | Blue(map(string, int))\n"
            , "  entrypoint foo : arg_type => arg_type\n" ],
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ encode_decode_sophia_string(SophiaType, String) ->
         {ok, _, {[Type], _}, [Arg]} ->
             io:format("Type ~p~n", [Type]),
             Data = encode(Arg),
-            case aeso_compiler:to_sophia_value(Code, "foo", ok, Data) of
+            case aeso_compiler:to_sophia_value(Code, "foo", ok, Data, []) of
                 {ok, Sophia} ->
                     lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~s", [prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:expr(Sophia))]));
                 {error, Err} ->
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ parameterized_contract(FunName, Types) ->
 parameterized_contract(ExtraCode, FunName, Types) ->
     lists:flatten(
         ["contract Remote =\n"
-         "  entrypoint bla : () => ()\n\n"
+         "  entrypoint bla : () => unit\n\n"
          "contract Dummy =\n",
          ExtraCode, "\n",
-         "  type an_alias('a) = (string, 'a)\n"
+         "  type an_alias('a) = string * 'a\n"
          "  record r = {x : an_alias(int), y : variant}\n"
          "  datatype variant = Red | Blue(map(string, int))\n"
          "  entrypoint ", FunName, " : (", string:join(Types, ", "), ") => int\n" ]).
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ encode_decode_calldata(FunName, Types, Args, RetType) ->
     encode_decode_calldata_(Code, FunName, Args, RetType).
 
 encode_decode_calldata_(Code, FunName, Args, RetVMType) ->
-    {ok, Calldata} = aeso_compiler:create_calldata(Code, FunName, Args),
+    {ok, Calldata} = aeso_compiler:create_calldata(Code, FunName, Args, []),
     {ok, _, {ArgTypes, RetType}, _} = aeso_compiler:check_call(Code, FunName, Args, [{backend, aevm}]),
     ?assertEqual(RetType, RetVMType),
     CalldataType = {tuple, [word, {tuple, ArgTypes}]},
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ encode_decode_calldata_(Code, FunName, Args, RetVMType) ->
         "init" ->
             ok;
         _ ->
-            {ok, _ArgTypes, ValueASTs} = aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(Code, FunName, Calldata),
+            {ok, _ArgTypes, ValueASTs} = aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(Code, FunName, Calldata, []),
             Values = [ prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:expr(V)) || V <- ValueASTs ],
             ?assertMatch({X, X}, {Args, Values})
     end,

test/aeso_aci_tests.erl

@@ -14,20 +14,22 @@ test_contract(N) ->
     ?assertEqual({ok, DecACI}, aeso_aci:render_aci_json(JSON)).
 
 test_cases(1) ->
-    Contract = <<"contract C =\n"
-		 "  entrypoint a(i : int) = i+1\n">>,
+    Contract = <<"payable contract C =\n"
+		 "  payable stateful entrypoint a(i : int) = i+1\n">>,
     MapACI = #{contract =>
 		   #{name => <<"C">>,
 		     type_defs => [],
+                     payable => true,
 		     functions =>
 			 [#{name => <<"a">>,
 			    arguments =>
 				[#{name => <<"i">>,
 				   type => <<"int">>}],
 			    returns => <<"int">>,
-			    stateful => false}]}},
-    DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
-	       "  entrypoint a : (int) => int\n">>,
+			    stateful => true,
+                            payable  => true}]}},
+    DecACI = <<"payable contract C =\n"
+	       "  payable entrypoint a : (int) => int\n">>,
     {Contract,MapACI,DecACI};
 
 test_cases(2) ->
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ test_cases(2) ->
 		 "  type allan = int\n"
 		 "  entrypoint a(i : allan) = i+1\n">>,
     MapACI = #{contract =>
-                       #{name => <<"C">>,
+                       #{name => <<"C">>, payable => false,
                          type_defs =>
                              [#{name => <<"allan">>,
                                 typedef => <<"int">>,
@@ -46,14 +48,15 @@ test_cases(2) ->
                                        type => <<"C.allan">>}],
                                 name => <<"a">>,
                                 returns => <<"int">>,
-                                stateful => false}]}},
+                                stateful => false,
+                                payable  => false}]}},
     DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
                "  type allan = int\n"
                "  entrypoint a : (C.allan) => int\n">>,
     {Contract,MapACI,DecACI};
 test_cases(3) ->
     Contract = <<"contract C =\n"
-                 "  type state = ()\n"
+                 "  type state = unit\n"
                  "  datatype event = SingleEventDefined\n"
 		 "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
 		 "  entrypoint a(i : bert(string)) = 1\n">>,
@@ -64,10 +67,10 @@ test_cases(3) ->
 				   type =>
 				       #{<<"C.bert">> => [<<"string">>]}}],
 			    name => <<"a">>,returns => <<"int">>,
-			    stateful => false}],
-		     name => <<"C">>,
+			    stateful => false, payable  => false}],
+		     name => <<"C">>, payable => false,
                      event => #{variant => [#{<<"SingleEventDefined">> => []}]},
-                     state => #{tuple => []},
+                     state => <<"unit">>,
 		     type_defs =>
 			 [#{name => <<"bert">>,
 			    typedef =>
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ test_cases(3) ->
 				      [#{<<"Bin">> => [<<"'a">>]}]},
 			    vars => [#{name => <<"'a">>}]}]}},
     DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
-               "  type state = ()\n"
+               "  type state = unit\n"
                "  datatype event = SingleEventDefined\n"
 	       "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
 	       "  entrypoint a : (C.bert(string)) => int\n">>,

test/aeso_calldata_tests.erl

@@ -36,10 +36,34 @@ calldata_test_() ->
            end
         end} || {ContractName, Fun, Args} <- compilable_contracts()].
 
+calldata_aci_test_() ->
+     [ {"Testing " ++ ContractName ++ " contract calling " ++ Fun,
+        fun() ->
+           ContractString       = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(ContractName),
+           {ok, ContractACIBin} = aeso_aci:contract_interface(string, ContractString),
+           ContractACI = binary_to_list(ContractACIBin),
+           io:format("ACI:\n~s\n", [ContractACIBin]),
+           AevmExprs =
+              case not lists:member(ContractName, not_yet_compilable(aevm)) of
+                  true -> ast_exprs(ContractACI, Fun, Args, [{backend, aevm}]);
+                  false -> undefined
+              end,
+           FateExprs =
+              case not lists:member(ContractName, not_yet_compilable(fate)) of
+                  true -> ast_exprs(ContractACI, Fun, Args, [{backend, fate}]);
+                  false -> undefined
+              end,
+           case FateExprs == undefined orelse AevmExprs == undefined of
+               true -> ok;
+               false ->
+                   ?assertEqual(FateExprs, AevmExprs)
+           end
+        end} || {ContractName, Fun, Args} <- compilable_contracts()].
+
 
 ast_exprs(ContractString, Fun, Args, Opts) ->
-    {ok, Data} = aeso_compiler:create_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Args, Opts),
-    {ok, _Types, Exprs} = aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Data, Opts),
+    {ok, Data} = (catch aeso_compiler:create_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Args, Opts)),
+    {ok, _Types, Exprs} = (catch aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(ContractString, Fun, Data, Opts)),
     ?assert(is_list(Exprs)),
     Exprs.
 
@@ -92,11 +116,14 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      {"complex_types", "filter_some", ["[Some(11), Some(12), None]"]},
      {"complex_types", "init", ["ct_Ez6MyeTMm17YnTnDdHTSrzMEBKmy7Uz2sXu347bTDPgVH2ifJ"]},
      {"__call" "init", []},
-     {"bitcoin_auth", "authorize", ["1", "#0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839401a1b1c1d1e1f202122232425262728293031323334353637"]},
-     {"bitcoin_auth", "to_sign", ["#0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f1017181920212223242526272829303132", "2"]}
+     {"bitcoin_auth", "authorize", ["1", "#0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839401a1b1c1d1e1f20212223242526272829303132333435363738"]},
+     {"bitcoin_auth", "to_sign", ["#0102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f1017181920212223242526272829303132", "2"]},
+     {"stub", "foo", ["42"]},
+     {"stub", "foo", ["-42"]},
+     {"payable", "foo", ["42"]}
     ].
 
 not_yet_compilable(fate) ->
-    ["address_chain"];
+    [];
 not_yet_compilable(aevm) ->
-    ["__call"].
+    [].

test/aeso_compiler_tests.erl

@@ -53,15 +53,17 @@ simple_compile_test_() ->
             #{byte_code := Code2} = compile(aevm, "include"),
             ?assertMatch(true, Code1 == Code2)
         end} ] ++
-     [ {"Testing deadcode elimination",
+     [ {"Testing deadcode elimination for " ++ atom_to_list(Backend),
         fun() ->
-            #{ byte_code := NoDeadCode } = compile(aevm, "nodeadcode"),
-            #{ byte_code := DeadCode   } = compile(aevm, "deadcode"),
+            #{ byte_code := NoDeadCode } = compile(Backend, "nodeadcode"),
+            #{ byte_code := DeadCode   } = compile(Backend, "deadcode"),
             SizeNoDeadCode = byte_size(NoDeadCode),
             SizeDeadCode   = byte_size(DeadCode),
-            ?assertMatch({_, _, true}, {SizeDeadCode, SizeNoDeadCode, SizeDeadCode + 40 < SizeNoDeadCode}),
+            Delta          = if Backend == aevm -> 40;
+                                Backend == fate -> 20 end,
+            ?assertMatch({_, _, true}, {SizeDeadCode, SizeNoDeadCode, SizeDeadCode + Delta < SizeNoDeadCode}),
             ok
-        end} ].
+        end} || Backend <- [aevm, fate] ].
 
 check_errors(Expect, ErrorString) ->
     %% This removes the final single \n as well.
@@ -73,7 +75,8 @@ check_errors(Expect, ErrorString) ->
     end.
 
 compile(Backend, Name) ->
-    compile(Backend, Name, [{include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}]).
+    compile(Backend, Name,
+            [{include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}]).
 
 compile(Backend, Name, Options) ->
     String = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name),
@@ -117,7 +120,14 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "address_chain",
      "namespace_bug",
      "bytes_to_x",
-     "aens"
+     "aens",
+     "tuple_match",
+     "cyclic_include",
+     "stdlib_include",
+     "double_include",
+     "manual_stdlib_include",
+     "list_comp",
+     "payable"
     ].
 
 not_yet_compilable(fate) -> [];
@@ -220,7 +230,7 @@ failing_contracts() ->
           "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 7, column 3">>]}
     , {"missing_state_type",
        [<<"Cannot unify string\n"
-          "         and ()\n"
+          "         and unit\n"
           "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 5, column 3">>]}
     , {"missing_fields_in_record_expression",
        [<<"The field x is missing when constructing an element of type r('a) (at line 7, column 42)">>,
@@ -325,7 +335,7 @@ failing_contracts() ->
         <<"Cannot reference stateful function local_spend (at line 14, column 35)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail2.">>,
         <<"Cannot reference stateful function Chain.spend (at line 16, column 15)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail3.">>,
         <<"Cannot reference stateful function Chain.spend (at line 20, column 31)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail4.">>,
-        <<"Cannot reference stateful function Chain.spend (at line 35, column 45)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail5.">>,
+        <<"Cannot reference stateful function Chain.spend (at line 35, column 47)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail5.">>,
         <<"Cannot pass non-zero value argument 1000 (at line 48, column 57)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail6.">>,
         <<"Cannot pass non-zero value argument 1000 (at line 49, column 56)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail7.">>,
         <<"Cannot pass non-zero value argument 1000 (at line 52, column 17)\nin the definition of non-stateful function fail8.">>]}
@@ -350,7 +360,17 @@ failing_contracts() ->
         <<"Namespaces cannot contain entrypoints (at line 3, column 3). Use 'function' instead.">>,
         <<"The contract Remote (at line 5, column 10) has no entrypoints. Since Sophia version 3.2, public\ncontract functions must be declared with the 'entrypoint' keyword instead of\n'function'.">>,
         <<"The entrypoint wha (at line 12, column 3) cannot be private. Use 'function' instead.">>,
-        <<"Use 'entrypoint' for declaration of foo (at line 6, column 3):\n  entrypoint foo : () => ()">>,
+        <<"Use 'entrypoint' for declaration of foo (at line 6, column 3):\n  entrypoint foo : () => unit">>,
         <<"Use 'entrypoint' instead of 'function' for public function foo (at line 10, column 3):\n  entrypoint foo() = ()">>,
-        <<"Use 'entrypoint' instead of 'function' for public function foo (at line 6, column 3):\n  entrypoint foo : () => ()">>]}
+        <<"Use 'entrypoint' instead of 'function' for public function foo (at line 6, column 3):\n  entrypoint foo : () => unit">>]}
+    , {"list_comp_not_a_list",
+      [<<"Cannot unify int\n         and list('a)\nwhen checking rvalue of list comprehension binding at line 2, column 36\n  1 : int\nagainst type \n  list('a)">>
+      ]}
+    , {"list_comp_if_not_bool",
+      [<<"Cannot unify int\n         and bool\nwhen checking the type of the expression at line 2, column 44\n  3 : int\nagainst the expected type\n  bool">>
+      ]}
+    , {"list_comp_bad_shadow",
+      [<<"Cannot unify int\n         and string\nwhen checking the type of the pattern at line 2, column 53\n  x : int\nagainst the expected type\n  string">>
+      ]}
     ].
+

test/aeso_parser_tests.erl

@@ -71,8 +71,10 @@ parse_contract(Name) ->
 roundtrip_contract(Name) ->
     round_trip(aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name)).
 
-parse_string(Text) ->
-    case aeso_parser:string(Text) of
+parse_string(Text) -> parse_string(Text, []).
+
+parse_string(Text, Opts) ->
+    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Opts) of
         {ok, Contract} -> Contract;
         Err -> error(Err)
     end.
@@ -84,12 +86,16 @@ parse_expr(Text) ->
 
 round_trip(Text) ->
     Contract  = parse_string(Text),
-    Text1     = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(Contract)),
+    Text1     = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(strip_stdlib(Contract))),
     Contract1 = parse_string(Text1),
     NoSrcLoc  = remove_line_numbers(Contract),
     NoSrcLoc1 = remove_line_numbers(Contract1),
     ?assertMatch(NoSrcLoc, diff(NoSrcLoc, NoSrcLoc1)).
 
+strip_stdlib([{namespace, _, {con, _, "ListInternal"}, _} | Decls]) ->
+    strip_stdlib(Decls);
+strip_stdlib(Decls) -> Decls.
+
 remove_line_numbers({line, _L}) -> {line, 0};
 remove_line_numbers({col,  _C}) -> {col, 0};
 remove_line_numbers([H|T]) ->

test/contracts/abort_test.aes

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ contract AbortTest =
     { value = v }
 
   // Aborting
-  public function do_abort(v : int, s : string) : () =
+  public function do_abort(v : int, s : string) : unit =
     put_value(v)
     revert_abort(s)
 

test/contracts/abort_test_int.aes

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 contract Interface =
-  function do_abort : (int, string) => ()
+  function do_abort : (int, string) => unit
   function get_value : () => int
-  function put_value : (int) => ()
+  function put_value : (int) => unit
   function get_values : () => list(int)
-  function put_values : (int) => ()
+  function put_values : (int) => unit
 
 contract AbortTestInt =
 

test/contracts/address_chain.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 contract Remote =
-  entrypoint main : (int) => ()
+  entrypoint main : (int) => unit
 
 contract AddrChain =
   type o_type = oracle(string, map(string, int))
@@ -31,3 +31,6 @@ contract AddrChain =
 
   entrypoint c_creator() : address =
     Contract.creator
+
+  entrypoint is_payable(a : address) : bool =
+    Address.is_payable(a)

test/contracts/address_literals.aes

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 contract Remote =
-  entrypoint foo : () => ()
+  entrypoint foo : () => unit
 
 contract AddressLiterals =
   entrypoint addr() : address =

test/contracts/aens.aes

@@ -12,44 +12,45 @@ contract AENSTest =
   // Transactions
 
   stateful entrypoint preclaim(addr  : address,     // Claim on behalf of this account (can be Contract.address)
-                             chash : hash) : () = // Commitment hash
+                             chash : hash) : unit = // Commitment hash
     AENS.preclaim(addr, chash)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedPreclaim(addr  : address, // Claim on behalf of this account (can be Contract.address)
                                    chash : hash,             // Commitment hash
-                                   sign  : signature) : () = // Signed by addr (if not Contract.address)
+                                   sign  : signature) : unit = // Signed by addr (if not Contract.address)
     AENS.preclaim(addr, chash, signature = sign)
 
   stateful entrypoint claim(addr : address,
                           name : string,
-                          salt : int) : () =
-    AENS.claim(addr, name, salt)
+                          salt : int,
+                          name_fee : int) : unit =
+    AENS.claim(addr, name, salt, name_fee)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedClaim(addr : address,
                                 name : string,
                                 salt : int,
-                                sign : signature) : () =
-    AENS.claim(addr, name, salt, signature = sign)
+                                name_fee : int,
+                                sign : signature) : unit =
+    AENS.claim(addr, name, salt, name_fee, signature = sign)
 
   // TODO: update() -- how to handle pointers?
 
   stateful entrypoint transfer(owner     : address,
                              new_owner : address,
-                             name_hash : hash) : () =
-    AENS.transfer(owner, new_owner, name_hash)
+                             name      : string) : unit =
+    AENS.transfer(owner, new_owner, name)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedTransfer(owner     : address,
-                                   new_owner : address,
-                                   name_hash : hash,
-                                   sign      : signature) : () =
-    AENS.transfer(owner, new_owner, name_hash, signature = sign)
+                                     new_owner : address,
+                                     name      : string,
+                                     sign      : signature) : unit =
+    AENS.transfer(owner, new_owner, name, signature = sign)
 
   stateful entrypoint revoke(owner     : address,
-                           name_hash : hash) : () =
-    AENS.revoke(owner, name_hash)
+                           name      : string) : unit =
+    AENS.revoke(owner, name)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedRevoke(owner     : address,
-                                 name_hash : hash,
-                                 sign      : signature) : () =
-    AENS.revoke(owner, name_hash, signature = sign)
-
+                                   name      : string,
+                                   sign      : signature) : unit =
+    AENS.revoke(owner, name, signature = sign)

test/contracts/all_syntax.aes

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ contract AllSyntax =
         if(valWithType(Map.empty) == None)
           print(42 mod 10 * 5 / 3)
 
-  function funWithType(x : int, y) : (int, list(int)) = (x, 0 :: [y] ++ [])
+  function funWithType(x : int, y) : int * list(int) = (x, 0 :: [y] ++ [])
   function funNoType() =
     let foo = (x, y : bool) =>
                 if (! (y && x =< 0x0b || true)) [x]

test/contracts/bad_address_literals.aes

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 contract Remote =
-  entrypoint foo : () => ()
+  entrypoint foo : () => unit
 
 contract AddressLiterals =
   entrypoint addr1() : bytes(32) =

test/contracts/basic_auth.aes

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ contract BasicAuth =
     put(state{ nonce = n + 1 })
     switch(Auth.tx_hash)
       None          => abort("Not in Auth context")
-      Some(tx_hash) => Crypto.ecverify(to_sign(tx_hash, n), state.owner, s)
+      Some(tx_hash) => Crypto.verify_sig(to_sign(tx_hash, n), state.owner, s)
 
   entrypoint to_sign(h : hash, n : int) =
     Crypto.blake2b((h, n))

test/contracts/bitcoin_auth.aes

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 contract BitcoinAuth =
-  record state = { nonce : int, owner : bytes(64) }
+  record state = { nonce : int, owner : bytes(20) }
 
-  entrypoint init(owner' : bytes(64)) = { nonce = 1, owner = owner' }
+  entrypoint init(owner' : bytes(20)) = { nonce = 1, owner = owner' }
 
-  stateful entrypoint authorize(n : int, s : signature) : bool =
+  stateful entrypoint authorize(n : int, s : bytes(65)) : bool =
     require(n >= state.nonce, "Nonce too low")
     require(n =< state.nonce, "Nonce too high")
     put(state{ nonce = n + 1 })

test/contracts/complex_types.aes

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ contract Remote =
   entrypoint up_to       : (int)               => list(int)
   entrypoint sum         : (list(int))         => int
   entrypoint some_string : ()                  => string
-  entrypoint pair        : (int, string)       => (int, string)
-  entrypoint squares     : (int)               => list((int, int))
+  entrypoint pair        : (int, string)       => int * string
+  entrypoint squares     : (int)               => list(int * int)
   entrypoint filter_some : (list(option(int))) => list(int)
   entrypoint all_some    : (list(option(int))) => option(list(int))
 
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ contract ComplexTypes =
 
   entrypoint pair(x : int, y : string) = (x, y)
 
-  entrypoint remote_pair(n : int, s : string) : (int, string) =
+  entrypoint remote_pair(n : int, s : string) : int * string =
     state.worker.pair(gas = 10000, n, s)
 
-  entrypoint map(f, xs) =
+  function map(f, xs) =
     switch(xs)
       []      => []
       x :: xs => f(x) :: map(f, xs)
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ contract ComplexTypes =
   entrypoint squares(n) =
     map((i) => (i, i * i), up_to(n))
 
-  entrypoint remote_squares(n) : list((int, int)) =
+  entrypoint remote_squares(n) : list(int * int) =
     state.worker.squares(n)
 
   // option types

test/contracts/cyclic_include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+include "cyclic_include_forth.aes"
+
+contract CI =
+  entrypoint ci() = Back.back() + Forth.forth()

test/contracts/cyclic_include_back.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+include "cyclic_include_forth.aes"
+
+namespace Back =
+  function back() = 2

test/contracts/cyclic_include_forth.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+include "cyclic_include_back.aes"
+
+namespace Forth =
+  function forth() = 3

test/contracts/deadcode.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-namespace List =
+namespace MyList =
 
   function map1(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
     switch(xs)
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ namespace List =
 contract Deadcode =
 
   entrypoint inc1(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
-    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+    MyList.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
 
   entrypoint inc2(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
-    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+    MyList.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
 

test/contracts/double_include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+include "included.aes"
+include "../contracts/included.aes"
+
+contract Include =
+  entrypoint foo() =
+    Included.foo()
+

test/contracts/events.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 contract Remote =
-  entrypoint dummy : () => ()
+  entrypoint dummy : () => unit
 
 contract Events =
 

test/contracts/funargs.aes

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ contract FunctionArguments =
   entrypoint traffic_light(c : colour) =
      Red
 
-  entrypoint tuples(t : ()) =
+  entrypoint tuples(t : unit) =
      t
 
   entrypoint due(t : Chain.ttl) =

test/contracts/list_comp.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+contract ListComp =
+
+    entrypoint sample1() = [1,2,3]
+    entrypoint sample2() = [4,5]
+
+    entrypoint l1() = [x | x <- sample1()]
+    entrypoint l1_true() = [1,2,3]
+
+    entrypoint l2() = [x + y | x <- sample1(), y <- sample2()]
+    entrypoint l2_true() = [5,6,6,7,7,8]
+
+    entrypoint l3() = [x ++ y | x <- [[":)"] | x <- [1,2]]
+                              , y <- [[":("]]]
+    entrypoint l3_true() = [[":)", ":("], [":)", ":("]]
+
+    entrypoint l4() = [(a, b, c) | let is_pit(a, b, c) = a*a + b*b == c*c
+                                 , let base = [1..10]
+                                 , a <- base
+                                 , b <- base, if (b >= a)
+                                 , c <- base, if (c >= b)
+                                 , if (is_pit(a, b, c))
+                                 ]
+    entrypoint l4_true() = [(3, 4, 5), (6, 8, 10)]

test/contracts/list_comp_bad_shadow.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+contract BadComp =
+  entrypoint failing() = [x + 1 | x <- [1,2,3], let x = "XD"]

test/contracts/list_comp_if_not_bool.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+contract BadComp =
+  entrypoint failing() = [x | x <- [], if (3)] 

test/contracts/list_comp_not_a_list.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+contract ListCompBad =
+  entrypoint failing() = [x | x <- 1]

test/contracts/local_poly_fail.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+
+contract Fail =
+
+  entrypoint tttt() : bool * int =
+    let f(x : 'a) : 'a = x
+    (f(true), f(1))
+

test/contracts/manual_stdlib_include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// This should include Lists.aes implicitly, since Option.aes does.
+include "Option.aes"
+
+contract Test =
+  entrypoint i_should_build() =
+    List.is_empty(Option.to_list(None))

test/contracts/maps.aes

@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ contract Maps =
   entrypoint tolist_state_s() = tolist_s(state.map_s)
 
   // Map.from_list
-  entrypoint fromlist_i(xs : list((int,    pt))) = Map.from_list(xs)
-  entrypoint fromlist_s(xs : list((string, pt))) = Map.from_list(xs)
+  entrypoint fromlist_i(xs : list(int    * pt)) = Map.from_list(xs)
+  entrypoint fromlist_s(xs : list(string * pt)) = Map.from_list(xs)
   stateful entrypoint fromlist_state_i(xs) = put(state{ map_i = fromlist_i(xs) })
   stateful entrypoint fromlist_state_s(xs) = put(state{ map_s = fromlist_s(xs) })
 

test/contracts/modifier_checks.aes

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ namespace Lib =
   entrypoint foo() = ()
 
 contract Remote =
-  public function foo : () => ()
+  public function foo : () => unit
   function bla() = ()
 
 contract Contract =

test/contracts/multi_sig.aes

@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ contract MultiSig =
       let n = length(owners) + 1
       { nRequired  = nRequired,
         nOwners    = n,
-        owners     = Map.from_list(List.zip([1..n], caller() :: owners)),
-        ownerIndex = Map.from_list(List.zip(caller() :: owners, [1..n])) }
+        owners     = Map.from_list(MyList.zip([1..n], caller() :: owners)),
+        ownerIndex = Map.from_list(MyList.zip(caller() :: owners, [1..n])) }
 
     function lookup(map, key) =
       switch(Map.get(key, map))

test/contracts/nodeadcode.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-namespace List =
+namespace MyList =
 
   function map1(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
     switch(xs)
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ namespace List =
 contract Deadcode =
 
   entrypoint inc1(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
-    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+    MyList.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
 
   entrypoint inc2(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
-    List.map2((x) => x + 1, xs)
+    MyList.map2((x) => x + 1, xs)
 

test/contracts/oracles.aes

@@ -60,23 +60,23 @@ contract Oracles =
     res
 
   stateful entrypoint extendOracle(o    : oracle_id,
-                        ttl  : ttl) : () =
+                        ttl  : ttl) : unit =
     Oracle.extend(o, ttl)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedExtendOracle(o    : oracle_id,
                               sign : signature,   // Signed oracle address
-                              ttl  : ttl) : () =
+                              ttl  : ttl) : unit =
     Oracle.extend(o, signature = sign, ttl)
 
   stateful entrypoint respond(o    : oracle_id,
                    q    : query_id,
-                   r    : answer_t) : () =
+                   r    : answer_t) : unit =
     Oracle.respond(o, q, r)
 
   stateful entrypoint signedRespond(o    : oracle_id,
                          q    : query_id,
                          sign : signature,
-                         r    : answer_t) : () =
+                         r    : answer_t) : unit =
     Oracle.respond(o, q, signature = sign, r)
 
   entrypoint getQuestion(o : oracle_id,

test/contracts/oracles_no_vm.aes

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ contract Oracles =
   function respond(o    : oracle_id,
                    q    : query_id,
                    sign : signature,
-                   r    : answer_t) : () =
+                   r    : answer_t) : unit =
     Oracle.respond(o, q, signature = sign, r)
 
 

test/contracts/payable.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+payable contract Test =
+  payable entrypoint foo(x : int) = ()
+  function bar() = 42

test/contracts/reason/voting.re

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ module Voting : Voting = {
   let init(proposalNames: args): state =
     { chairPerson: caller(),
       voters:      AddrMap.empty,
-      proposals:   List.map((name) => {name: name, voteCount: 0}, proposalNames)
+      proposals:   MyList.map((name) => {name: name, voteCount: 0}, proposalNames)
     };
 
   /* Boilerplate */
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ module Voting : Voting = {
   };
 
   let addVote(candidate, weight) = {
-    let proposal = List.nth(state().proposals, candidate);
+    let proposal = MyList.nth(state().proposals, candidate);
     proposal.voteCount = proposal.voteCount + weight;
   };
 
@@ -121,6 +121,6 @@ module Voting : Voting = {
 
   /* const */
   let currentTally() =
-    List.map((p) => (p.name, p.voteCount), state().proposals);
+    MyList.map((p) => (p.name, p.voteCount), state().proposals);
 
 }

test/contracts/reason/voting_test.re

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ open Voting;
 
 let print_tally() = {
   let tally = call(other, () => currentTally());
-  List.map(((name, count)) => Printf.printf("%s: %d\n", name, count), tally);
+  MyList.map(((name, count)) => Printf.printf("%s: %d\n", name, count), tally);
   let winner = call(other, () => winnerName());
   Printf.printf("Winner: %s\n", winner);
 };

test/contracts/remote_call.aes

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ contract Remote2 =
 
 contract Remote3 =
   entrypoint get : () => int
-  entrypoint tick : () => ()
+  entrypoint tick : () => unit
 
 contract RemoteCall =
 

test/contracts/state_handling.aes

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 contract Remote =
   record rstate = { i : int, s : string, m : map(int, int) }
 
-  entrypoint look_at : (rstate) => ()
+  entrypoint look_at : (rstate) => unit
   entrypoint return_s : (bool) => string
   entrypoint return_m : (bool) => map(int, int)
   entrypoint get : (rstate) => rstate

test/contracts/stateful.aes

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 contract Remote =
-  stateful entrypoint remote_spend : (address, int) => ()
+  stateful entrypoint remote_spend : (address, int) => unit
   entrypoint remote_pure : int => int
 
 contract Stateful =
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ contract Stateful =
   entrypoint ok4(a : address) = fail4(a)
 
   // Lamdbas are checked at the construction site
-  function fail5() : address => () = (a) => Chain.spend(a, 1000)
+  function fail5() : address => unit = (a) => Chain.spend(a, 1000)
 
   // .. so you can pass a stateful lambda to a non-stateful higher-order
   // function:

test/contracts/stdlib_include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+include "List.aes"
+include "Func.aes"
+
+contract StdInc =
+  entrypoint test() = List.map((x) => Func.id(x), [1,2,3,4])
+

test/contracts/stub.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+contract Stub =
+  entrypoint foo : (int) => int

test/contracts/test.aes

@@ -91,10 +91,11 @@ contract Identity =
   // }
   // let id(x) = x
   // let main(xs) = map(double,xs)
-  entrypoint z(f,x) = x
+  function z(f,x) = x
   function s(n) = (f,x)=>f(n(f,x))
   function add(m,n) = (f,x)=>m(f,n(f,x))
-  entrypoint main(_) =
+
+  entrypoint main() =
     let three=s(s(s(z)))
     add(three,three)
        (((i)=>i+1),0)

test/contracts/tuple_match.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+contract TuplesMatch =
+
+  function tuplify3() = (t) => switch(t)
+    (x, y, z) => 3
+
+  entrypoint fst(p : int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, y) => x
+  entrypoint fst'(p : int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, _) => x
+  entrypoint snd(p : int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, y) => y
+  entrypoint snd'(p : int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (_, y) => y
+  entrypoint sum(p) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, y) => x + y
+  entrypoint swap(p : int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, y) => (y, x)
+  entrypoint id(p : int * int * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (x, y, z) => (x, y, z)
+  entrypoint nest(p : (int * int) * string) =
+    switch(p)
+      (xy, z) => switch(xy) (x, y) => (x, y, z)
+  entrypoint deep(p : (int * int) * (int * int)) =
+    switch(p)
+      ((x, y), (z, w)) => (x, y, z, w)
+  entrypoint deep_sum(p : (int * int) * (int * int)) =
+    switch(p)
+      ((x, y), (z, w)) => x + y + z + w
+

test/contracts/voting.aes

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ contract VotingType =
   function delegate        : address => unit
   function vote            : int => unit
   function winnerName      : unit => string
-  function currentTally    : unit => list((string, int))
+  function currentTally    : unit => list(string * int)
 
 /* Contract implementation */
 contract Voting =
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ contract Voting =
   function init(proposalNames: list(string)): state =
     { chairPerson = caller(),
       voters      = Map.empty,
-      proposals   = List.map((name) => {name = name, voteCount = 0}, proposalNames) }
+      proposals   = MyList.map((name) => {name = name, voteCount = 0}, proposalNames) }
 
   function initVoter() = { weight = 1, vote = NotVoted}
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ contract Voting =
       _            => delegate
 
   function addVote(candidate, weight) =
-    let proposal = List.nth(state.proposals, candidate)
+    let proposal = MyList.nth(state.proposals, candidate)
     proposal{ voteCount = proposal.voteCount + weight }
 
   function delegateVote(delegateTo: address, weight: uint) =
@@ -93,5 +93,5 @@ contract Voting =
 
   // const
   function currentTally() =
-    List.map((p) => (p.name, p.voteCount), state.proposals)
+    MyList.map((p) => (p.name, p.voteCount), state.proposals)