Merge pull request #56 from aeternity/prepare_2.1.0

Preparing v2.1.0

.circleci/config.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+version: 2.1
+
+executors:
+  aebuilder:
+    docker:
+      - image: aeternity/builder
+        user: builder
+    working_directory: ~/aesophia
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    executor: aebuilder
+    steps:
+      - checkout
+      - restore_cache:
+          keys:
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-{{ .Revision }}
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-
+            - dialyzer-cache-v2-
+      - run:
+          name: Build
+          command: ./rebar3 compile
+      - run:
+          name: Static Analysis
+          command: ./rebar3 dialyzer
+      - run:
+          name: Eunit
+          command: ./rebar3 eunit
+      - run:
+          name: Common Tests
+          command: ./rebar3 ct
+      - save_cache:
+          key: dialyzer-cache-v2-{{ .Branch }}-{{ .Revision }}
+          paths:
+            - _build/default/rebar3_20.3.8_plt
+      - store_artifacts:
+          path: _build/test/logs

.gitignore

@@ -16,3 +16,6 @@ _build
 .idea
 *.iml
 rebar3.crashdump
+*.erl~
+*.aes~
+aesophia

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Changelog
+All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
+
+The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
+and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
+
+## [Unreleased]
+### Added
+### Changed
+### Removed
+
+## [2.1.0] - 2019-04-11
+### Added
+- Stubs (not yet wired up) for compilation to FATE
+- Add functions specific for Calldata decoding
+- Support for `Auth.tx_hash`, not available in AEVM until Fortuna release
+
+### Changed
+- Improvements to the ACI generator
+
+## [2.0.0] - 2019-03-11
+### Added
+- Add `Crypto.ecverify` to the compiler.
+- Add `Crypto.sha3`, `Crypto.blake2`, `Crypto.sha256`, `String.blake2` and
+  `String.sha256` to the compiler.
+- Add the `bits` type for working with bit fields in Sophia.
+- Add Namespaces to Sophia in order to simplify using library contracts, etc.
+- Add a missig type check on the `init` function - detects programmer errors earlier.
+- Add the ACI (Aeternity Contract Interface) generator.
+
+### Changed
+- Use native bit shift operations in builtin functions, reducing gas cost.
+- Improve type checking of `record` fields - generates more understandable error messages.
+- Improved, more coherent, error messages.
+- Simplify calldata creation - instead of passing a compiled contract, simply
+  pass a (stubbed) contract string.
+
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.1.0...HEAD
+[2.1.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/compare/v2.0.0...v2.1.0
+[2.0.0]: https://github.com/aeternity/aesophia/tag/v2.0.0

README.md

@@ -5,6 +5,21 @@ This is the __sophia__ compiler for the æternity system which compiles contract
 For more information about æternity smart contracts and the sophia language see [Smart Contracts](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/contracts.md) and the [Sophia Language](https://github.com/aeternity/protocol/blob/master/contracts/sophia.md).
 
 It is an OTP application written in Erlang and is by default included in
-[æternity Epoch](https://github.com/aeternity/epoch). However, it can
-also be included in other system to compile contracts coded in sophia which
+[the æternity node](https://github.com/aeternity/epoch). However, it can
+also be included in other systems to compile contracts coded in sophia which
 can then be loaded into the æternity system.
+
+## Versioning
+
+`aesophia` has a version that is only loosely connected to the version of the
+Aeternity node - in principle they will share the major version but not
+minor/patch version. The `aesophia` compiler version MUST be bumped whenever
+there is a change in how byte code is generated, but it MAY also be bumped upon
+API changes etc.
+
+## Interface Modules
+
+The basic modules for interfacing the compiler:
+
+* [aeso_compiler: the Sophia compiler](./docs/aeso_compiler.md)
+* [aeso_aci: the ACI interface](./docs/aeso_aci.md)

docs/aeso_aci.md

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+# aeso_aci
+
+### Module
+
+### aeso_aci
+
+The ACI interface encoder and decoder.
+
+### Description
+
+This module provides an interface to generate and convert between
+Sophia contracts and a suitable JSON encoding of contract
+interface. As yet the interface is very basic.
+
+Encoding this contract:
+
+```
+contract Answers =
+  record state = { a : answers }
+  type answers() = map(string, int)
+
+  stateful function init() = { a = {} }
+  private function the_answer() = 42
+  function new_answer(q : string, a : int) : answers() = { [q] = a }
+```
+
+generates the following JSON structure representing the contract interface:
+
+
+``` json
+{
+  "contract": {
+    "name": "Answers",
+    "type_defs": [
+      {
+        "name": "state",
+        "vars": [],
+        "typedef": "{a : map(string,int)}"
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "answers",
+        "vars": [],
+        "typedef": "map(string,int)"
+      }
+    ],
+    "functions": [
+      {
+        "name": "init",
+        "arguments": [],
+        "type": "{a : map(string,int)}",
+        "stateful": true
+      },
+      {
+        "name": "new_answer",
+        "arguments": [
+          {
+            "name": "q",
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "a",
+            "type": "int"
+          }
+        ],
+        "type": "map(string,int)",
+        "stateful": false
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+
+When that encoding is decoded the following include definition is generated:
+
+```
+contract Answers =
+  function new_answer : (string, int) => map(string,int)
+```
+
+### Types
+``` erlang
+contract_string() = string() | binary()
+json_string() = binary()
+```
+
+### Exports
+
+#### encode(ContractString) -> {ok,JSONstring} | {error,ErrorString}
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+ConstractString = contract_string()
+JSONstring = json_string()
+```
+
+Generate the JSON encoding of the interface to a contract. The type definitions and non-private functions are included in the JSON string.
+
+#### decode(JSONstring) -> ConstractString.
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+ConstractString = contract_string()
+JSONstring = json_string()
+```
+
+Take a JSON encoding of a contract interface and generate and generate a contract definition which can be included in another contract.
+
+### Example run
+
+This is an example of using the ACI generator from an Erlang shell. The file called `aci_test.aes` contains the contract in the description from which we want to generate files `aci_test.json` which is the JSON encoding of the contract interface and `aci_test.include` which is the contract definition to be included inside another contract.
+
+``` erlang
+1> {ok,Contract} = file:read_file("aci_test.aes").
+{ok,<<"contract Answers =\n  record state = { a : answers }\n  type answers() = map(string, int)\n\n  stateful function"...>>}
+2> {ok,Encoding} = aeso_aci:encode(Contract).
+<<"{\"contract\":{\"name\":\"Answers\",\"type_defs\":[{\"name\":\"state\",\"vars\":[],\"typedef\":\"{a : map(string,int)}\"},{\"name\":\"ans"...>>
+3> file:write_file("aci_test.aci", Encoding).
+ok
+4> Decoded = aeso_aci:decode(Encoding).
+<<"contract Answers =\n  function new_answer : (string, int) => map(string,int)\n">>
+5> file:write_file("aci_test.include", Decoded).
+ok
+6> jsx:prettify(Encoding).
+<<"{\n  \"contract\": {\n    \"name\": \"Answers\",\n    \"type_defs\": [\n      {\n        \"name\": \"state\",\n        \"vars\": [],\n   "...>>
+```
+
+The final call to `jsx:prettify(Encoding)` returns the encoding in a
+more easily readable form. This is what is shown in the description
+above.
+
+### Notes
+
+The ACI generator currently cannot properly handle types defined using `datatype`.

docs/aeso_compiler.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# aeso_compiler
+
+### Module
+
+### aeso_compiler
+
+The Sophia compiler
+
+### Description
+
+This module provides the interface to the standard Sophia compiler. It
+returns the compiled module in a map which can then be loaded.
+
+### Types
+``` erlang
+contract_string() = string() | binary()
+contract_map() = #{bytecode => binary(),
+                   compiler_version => binary(),
+                   contract_souce => string(),
+                   type_info => type_info()}
+type_info()
+errorstring() = binary()
+```
+### Exports
+
+#### file(File)
+#### file(File, Options) -> CompRet
+#### from_string(ContractString, Options) -> CompRet
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+ContractString = contract_string()
+Options = [Option]
+CompRet = {ok,ContractMap} | {error,ErrorString}
+ContractMap = contract_map()
+ErrorString = errorstring()
+```
+
+Compile a contract defined in a file or in a string.
+
+The **pp_** options all print to standard output the following:
+
+`pp_sophia_code` - print the input Sophia code.
+
+`pp_ast` - print the AST of the code
+
+`pp_types` - print information about the types
+
+`pp_typed_ast` - print the AST with type information at each node
+
+`pp_icode` - print the internal code structure
+
+`pp_assembler` - print the generated assembler code
+
+`pp_bytecode` - print the bytecode instructions
+
+#### check_call(ContractString, Options) -> CheckRet
+
+Types
+```
+ContractString = string() | binary()
+CheckRet = {ok,string(),{Types,Type | any()},Terms} | {error,Term}
+Types = [Type]
+Type = term()
+```
+Check a call in contract through the `__call` function.
+
+#### sophia_type_to_typerep(String) -> TypeRep
+
+Types
+``` erlang
+ {ok,TypeRep} | {error, badtype}
+```
+
+Get the type representation of a type declaration.
+
+#### version() -> {ok, Version} | {error, term()}
+
+Types
+
+``` erlang
+Version = binary()
+```
+
+Get the current version of the Sophia compiler.

include/aeso_heap.hrl

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-
--record(pmap, {key_t  :: aeso_sophia:type(),
-               val_t  :: aeso_sophia:type(),
-               parent :: none | non_neg_integer(),
-               size   = 0 :: non_neg_integer(),
-               data   :: #{aeso_heap:binary_value() => aeso_heap:binary_value() | tombstone}
-                       | stored}).
-
--record(maps, { maps    = #{} :: #{ non_neg_integer() => #pmap{} }
-              , next_id = 0   :: non_neg_integer() }).
-
--record(heap, { maps   :: #maps{},
-                offset :: aeso_heap:offset(),
-                heap   :: binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()} }).
-

rebar.config

@@ -1,17 +1,39 @@
+%% -*- mode: erlang; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-
+
 {erl_opts, [debug_info]}.
 
-%% NOTE: When possible deps are referenced by Git ref to ensure consistency between builds.
 {deps, [ {aebytecode, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git",
-                            {ref,"99bf097"}}},
-        
-        % waiting for https://github.com/jlouis/enacl/pull/40 to be merged
-        {enacl, {git, "https://github.com/aeternity/enacl.git",
-                {ref, "26180f4"}}}
+                            {ref, "28f6c42"}}}
+       , {getopt, "1.0.1"}
+       , {jsx, {git, "https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
+                     {tag, "2.8.0"}}}
        ]}.
 
+{escript_incl_apps, [aesophia, aebytecode, getopt]}.
+{escript_main_app, aesophia}.
+{escript_name, aesophia}.
+{escript_emu_args, "%%! \n"}.
+{provider_hooks, [{post, [{compile, escriptize}]}]}.
+
+{post_hooks, [{"(linux|darwin|solaris|freebsd|netbsd|openbsd)",
+               escriptize,
+               "cp \"$REBAR_BUILD_DIR/bin/aesophia\" ./aesophia"},
+              {"win32",
+               escriptize,
+               "robocopy \"%REBAR_BUILD_DIR%/bin/\" ./ aesophia* "
+               "/njs /njh /nfl /ndl & exit /b 0"} % silence things
+             ]}.
 
 {dialyzer, [
             {warnings, [unknown]},
             {plt_apps, all_deps},
             {base_plt_apps, [erts, kernel, stdlib, crypto, mnesia]}
            ]}.
+
+{relx, [{release, {aesophia, "2.1.0"},
+         [aesophia, aebytecode, getopt]},
+
+        {dev_mode, true},
+        {include_erts, false},
+
+        {extended_start_script, true}]}.

rebar.lock

@@ -1,8 +1,24 @@
+{"1.1.0",
 [{<<"aebytecode">>,
   {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aebytecode.git",
-       {ref,"99bf097759dedbe7553f87a796bc7e1c7322e64b"}},
+       {ref,"9041423906247a7267a5a94530307b19c4490e8c"}},
   0},
- {<<"enacl">>,
-  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/enacl.git",
-       {ref,"26180f42c0b3a450905d2efd8bc7fd5fd9cece75"}},
-  0}].
+ {<<"aeserialization">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/aeserialization.git",
+       {ref,"6dce265753af4e651f77746e77ea125145c85dd3"}},
+  1},
+ {<<"base58">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/aeternity/erl-base58.git",
+       {ref,"60a335668a60328a29f9731b67c4a0e9e3d50ab6"}},
+  2},
+ {<<"eblake2">>,{pkg,<<"eblake2">>,<<"1.0.0">>},1},
+ {<<"getopt">>,{pkg,<<"getopt">>,<<"1.0.1">>},0},
+ {<<"jsx">>,
+  {git,"https://github.com/talentdeficit/jsx.git",
+       {ref,"3074d4865b3385a050badf7828ad31490d860df5"}},
+  0}]}.
+[
+{pkg_hash,[
+ {<<"eblake2">>, <<"EC8AD20E438AAB3F2E8D5D118C366A0754219195F8A0F536587440F8F9BCF2EF">>},
+ {<<"getopt">>, <<"C73A9FA687B217F2FF79F68A3B637711BB1936E712B521D8CE466B29CBF7808A">>}]}
+].

src/aeso_abi.erl

@@ -1,239 +0,0 @@
-%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-%%% @copyright (C) 2017, Aeternity Anstalt
-%%% @doc
-%%%     Encode and decode data and function calls according to
-%%%     Sophia-AEVM-ABI.
-%%% @end
-%%% Created : 25 Jan 2018
-%%%
-%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
--module(aeso_abi).
--define(HASH_SIZE, 32).
-
--export([ old_create_calldata/3
-        , create_calldata/5
-        , check_calldata/2
-        , function_type_info/3
-        , function_type_hash/3
-        , arg_typerep_from_function/2
-        , type_hash_from_function_name/2
-        , typereps_from_type_hash/2
-        , function_name_from_type_hash/2
-        , get_function_hash_from_calldata/1
-        ]).
-
--type hash() :: <<_:256>>. %% 256 = ?HASH_SIZE * 8.
--type function_name() :: binary(). %% String
--type typerep() :: aeso_sophia:type().
--type function_type_info() :: { FunctionHash :: hash()
-                              , FunctionName :: function_name()
-                              , ArgType      :: aeso_sophia:heap() %% binary typerep
-                              , OutType      :: aeso_sophia:heap() %% binary typerep
-                              }.
--type type_info() :: [function_type_info()].
-
-%%%===================================================================
-%%% API
-%%%===================================================================
-
-%%%===================================================================
-%%% Handle calldata
-
-create_calldata(Contract, FunName, Args, ArgTypes, RetType) ->
-    case get_type_info_and_hash(Contract, FunName) of
-        {ok, TypeInfo, TypeHashInt} ->
-            Data = aeso_heap:to_binary({TypeHashInt, list_to_tuple(Args)}),
-            case check_calldata(Data, TypeInfo) of
-                {ok, CallDataType, OutType} ->
-                    case check_given_type(FunName, ArgTypes, RetType, CallDataType, OutType) of
-                        ok ->
-                            {ok, Data, CallDataType, OutType};
-                        {error, _} = Err ->
-                            Err
-                    end;
-                {error,_What} = Err -> Err
-            end;
-        {error, _} = Err -> Err
-    end.
-
-get_type_info_and_hash(#{type_info := TypeInfo}, FunName) ->
-    FunBin = list_to_binary(FunName),
-    case type_hash_from_function_name(FunBin, TypeInfo) of
-        {ok, <<TypeHashInt:?HASH_SIZE/unit:8>>} -> {ok, TypeInfo, TypeHashInt};
-        {ok, _}                   -> {error, bad_type_hash};
-        {error, _} = Err          -> Err
-    end.
-
-%% Check that the given type matches the type from the metadata.
-check_given_type(FunName, GivenArgs, GivenRet, CalldataType, ExpectRet) ->
-    {tuple, [word, {tuple, ExpectArgs}]} = CalldataType,
-    ReturnOk = if FunName == "init" -> true;
-                  GivenRet == any   -> true;
-                  true              -> GivenRet == ExpectRet
-               end,
-    ArgsOk   = ExpectArgs == GivenArgs,
-    case ReturnOk andalso ArgsOk of
-        true -> ok;
-        false when FunName == "init" ->
-            {error, {init_args_mismatch,
-                        {given,    GivenArgs},
-                        {expected, ExpectArgs}}};
-        false ->
-            {error, {call_type_mismatch,
-                        {given,    GivenArgs,  '=>', GivenRet},
-                        {expected, ExpectArgs, '=>', ExpectRet}}}
-    end.
-
--spec check_calldata(aeso_sophia:heap(), type_info()) ->
-                        {'ok', typerep()} | {'error', atom()}.
-check_calldata(CallData, TypeInfo) ->
-    %% The first element of the CallData should be the function name
-    case get_function_hash_from_calldata(CallData) of
-        {ok, Hash} ->
-            case typereps_from_type_hash(Hash, TypeInfo) of
-                {ok, ArgType, OutType} ->
-                    try aeso_heap:from_binary({tuple, [word, ArgType]}, CallData) of
-                        {ok, _Something} ->
-                            {ok, {tuple, [word, ArgType]}, OutType};
-                        {error, _} ->
-                            {error, bad_call_data}
-                    catch
-                        _T:_E ->
-                            {error, bad_call_data}
-                    end;
-                {error, _} ->
-                    {error, unknown_function}
-            end;
-        {error, _What} ->
-            {error, bad_call_data}
-    end.
-
--spec get_function_hash_from_calldata(CallData::binary()) ->
-                                             {ok, binary()} | {error, term()}.
-get_function_hash_from_calldata(CallData) ->
-    case aeso_heap:from_binary({tuple, [word]}, CallData) of
-        {ok, {HashInt}} -> {ok, <<HashInt:?HASH_SIZE/unit:8>>};
-        {error, _} = Error -> Error
-    end.
-
-%%%===================================================================
-%%% Handle type info from contract meta data
-
--spec function_type_info(function_name(), [typerep()], typerep()) ->
-                            function_type_info().
-function_type_info(Name, Args, OutType) ->
-    ArgType = {tuple, [T || {_, T} <- Args]},
-    { function_type_hash(Name, ArgType, OutType)
-    , Name
-    , aeso_heap:to_binary(ArgType)
-    , aeso_heap:to_binary(OutType)
-    }.
-
--spec function_type_hash(function_name(), typerep(), typerep()) -> hash().
-function_type_hash(Name, ArgType, OutType) when is_binary(Name) ->
-    Bin =  iolist_to_binary([ Name
-                            , aeso_heap:to_binary(ArgType)
-                            , aeso_heap:to_binary(OutType)
-                            ]),
-    %% Calculate a 256 bit digest BLAKE2b hash value of a binary
-    {ok, Hash} = enacl:generichash(?HASH_SIZE, Bin),
-    Hash.
-
--spec arg_typerep_from_function(function_name(), type_info()) ->
-           {'ok', typerep()} | {'error', 'bad_type_data' | 'unknown_function'}.
-arg_typerep_from_function(Function, TypeInfo) ->
-    case lists:keyfind(Function, 2, TypeInfo) of
-        {_TypeHash, Function, ArgTypeBin,_OutTypeBin} ->
-            case aeso_heap:from_binary(typerep, ArgTypeBin) of
-                {ok, ArgType} -> {ok, ArgType};
-                {error,_} -> {error, bad_type_data}
-            end;
-        false ->
-            {error, unknown_function}
-    end.
-
--spec typereps_from_type_hash(hash(), type_info()) ->
-           {'ok', typerep()} | {'error', 'bad_type_data' | 'unknown_function'}.
-typereps_from_type_hash(TypeHash, TypeInfo) ->
-    case lists:keyfind(TypeHash, 1, TypeInfo) of
-        {TypeHash,_Function, ArgTypeBin, OutTypeBin} ->
-            case {aeso_heap:from_binary(typerep, ArgTypeBin),
-                  aeso_heap:from_binary(typerep, OutTypeBin)} of
-                {{ok, ArgType}, {ok, OutType}} -> {ok, ArgType, OutType};
-                {_, _} -> {error, bad_type_data}
-            end;
-        false ->
-            {error, unknown_function}
-    end.
-
--spec function_name_from_type_hash(hash(), type_info()) ->
-                                          {'ok', function_name()}
-                                        | {'error', 'unknown_function'}.
-function_name_from_type_hash(TypeHash, TypeInfo) ->
-    case lists:keyfind(TypeHash, 1, TypeInfo) of
-        {TypeHash, Function,_ArgTypeBin,_OutTypeBin} ->
-            {ok, Function};
-        false ->
-            {error, unknown_function}
-    end.
-
--spec type_hash_from_function_name(function_name(), type_info()) ->
-                                          {'ok', hash()}
-                                        | {'error', 'unknown_function'}.
-type_hash_from_function_name(Name, TypeInfo) ->
-    case lists:keyfind(Name, 2, TypeInfo) of
-        {TypeHash, Name,_ArgTypeBin,_OutTypeBin} ->
-            {ok, TypeHash};
-        false ->
-            {error, unknown_function}
-    end.
-
-%% -- Old calldata creation. Kept for backwards compatibility. ---------------
-
-old_create_calldata(Contract, Function, Argument) when is_map(Contract) ->
-    case aeso_constants:string(Argument) of
-        {ok, {tuple, _, _} = Tuple} ->
-            old_encode_call(Contract, Function, Tuple);
-        {ok, {unit, _} = Tuple} ->
-            old_encode_call(Contract, Function, Tuple);
-        {ok, ParsedArgument} ->
-            %% The Sophia compiler does not parse a singleton tuple (42) as a tuple,
-            %% Wrap it in a tuple.
-            old_encode_call(Contract, Function, {tuple, [], [ParsedArgument]});
-        {error, _} ->
-            {error, argument_syntax_error}
-    end.
-
-%% Call takes one arument.
-%% Use a tuple to pass multiple arguments.
-old_encode_call(Contract, Function, ArgumentAst) ->
-    Argument = old_ast_to_erlang(ArgumentAst),
-    case get_type_info_and_hash(Contract, Function) of
-        {ok, TypeInfo, TypeHashInt} ->
-            Data = aeso_heap:to_binary({TypeHashInt, Argument}),
-            case check_calldata(Data, TypeInfo) of
-                {ok, CallDataType, OutType} ->
-                    {ok, Data, CallDataType, OutType};
-                {error, _} = Err ->
-                    Err
-            end;
-        {error, _} = Err -> Err
-    end.
-
-old_ast_to_erlang({int, _, N}) -> N;
-old_ast_to_erlang({hash, _, <<N:?HASH_SIZE/unit:8>>}) -> N;
-old_ast_to_erlang({hash, _, <<Hi:256, Lo:256>>}) -> {Hi, Lo};    %% signature
-old_ast_to_erlang({bool, _, true}) -> 1;
-old_ast_to_erlang({bool, _, false}) -> 0;
-old_ast_to_erlang({string, _, Bin}) -> Bin;
-old_ast_to_erlang({unit, _}) -> {};
-old_ast_to_erlang({con, _, "None"}) -> none;
-old_ast_to_erlang({app, _, {con, _, "Some"}, [A]}) -> {some, old_ast_to_erlang(A)};
-old_ast_to_erlang({tuple, _, Elems}) ->
-    list_to_tuple(lists:map(fun old_ast_to_erlang/1, Elems));
-old_ast_to_erlang({list, _, Elems}) ->
-    lists:map(fun old_ast_to_erlang/1, Elems);
-old_ast_to_erlang({map, _, Elems}) ->
-    maps:from_list([ {old_ast_to_erlang(element(1, Elem)), old_ast_to_erlang(element(2, Elem))}
-                        || Elem <- Elems ]).
-

src/aeso_aci.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Robert Virding
+%%% @copyright (C) 2019, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     ACI interface
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 12 Jan 2019
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-module(aeso_aci).
+
+-export([encode/1,encode/2,decode/1]).
+-export([encode_type/1,encode_stmt/1,encode_expr/1]).
+
+%% Define records for the various typed syntactic forms. These make
+%% the code easier but don't seem to exist elsewhere.
+
+%% Top-level
+-record(contract, {ann,con,decls}).
+%% -record(namespace, {ann,con,decls}).
+-record(letfun, {ann,id,args,type,body}).
+-record(type_def, {ann,id,vars,typedef}).
+
+%% Types
+-record(app_t, {ann,id,fields}).
+-record(tuple_t, {ann,args}).
+-record(record_t, {fields}).
+-record(field_t, {ann,id,type}).
+-record(alias_t, {type}).
+-record(variant_t, {cons}).
+-record(constr_t, {ann,con,args}).
+-record(fun_t, {ann,named,args,type}).
+
+%% Tokens
+-record(arg, {ann,id,type}).
+-record(id, {ann,name}).
+-record(con, {ann,name}).
+-record(qid, {ann,names}).
+-record(qcon, {ann,names}).
+-record(tvar, {ann,name}).
+
+%% Expressions
+-record(bool, {ann,bool}).
+-record(int, {ann,value}).
+-record(string, {ann,bin}).
+-record(hash, {ann,hash}).
+-record(tuple, {ann,args}).
+-record(list, {ann,args}).
+-record(app, {ann,func,args}).
+-record(typed, {ann,expr,type}).
+
+%% encode(ContractString) -> {ok,JSON} | {error,String}.
+%% encode(ContractString, Options) -> {ok,JSON} | {error,String}.
+%%  Build a JSON structure with lists and tuples, not maps, as this
+%%  allows us to order the fields in the contructed JSON string.
+
+encode(ContractString) -> encode(ContractString, []).
+
+encode(ContractString, Options) when is_binary(ContractString) ->
+    encode(binary_to_list(ContractString), Options);
+encode(ContractString, Options) ->
+    try
+        Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
+        %% io:format("~p\n", [Ast]),
+        %% aeso_ast:pp(Ast),
+        TypedAst = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, Options),
+        %% io:format("~p\n", [TypedAst]),
+        %% aeso_ast:pp_typed(TypedAst),
+        %% We find and look at the last contract.
+        Contract = lists:last(TypedAst),
+        Cname = contract_name(Contract),
+        Tdefs = [ encode_typedef(T) ||
+                    T <- sort_decls(contract_types(Contract)) ],
+        Fdefs = [ encode_func(F) || F <- sort_decls(contract_funcs(Contract)),
+                                    not is_private_func(F) ],
+        Jmap = [{<<"contract">>, [{<<"name">>, encode_name(Cname)},
+                                  {<<"type_defs">>, Tdefs},
+                                  {<<"functions">>, Fdefs}]}],
+        %% io:format("~p\n", [Jmap]),
+        {ok,jsx:encode(Jmap)}
+    catch
+        %% The compiler errors.
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{code_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", Errors,
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+        %% General programming errors in the compiler just signal error.
+    end.
+
+join_errors(Prefix, Errors, Pfun) ->
+    Ess = [ Pfun(E) || E <- Errors ],
+    list_to_binary(string:join([Prefix|Ess], "\n")).
+
+%% encode_func(Function) -> JSON
+%%  Encode a function definition. Currently we are only interested in
+%%  the interface and type.
+
+encode_func(Fdef) ->
+    Name = function_name(Fdef),
+    Args = function_args(Fdef),
+    Type = function_type(Fdef),
+    [{<<"name">>, encode_name(Name)},
+     {<<"arguments">>, encode_args(Args)},
+     {<<"returns">>, encode_type(Type)},
+     {<<"stateful">>, is_stateful_func(Fdef)}].
+
+%% encode_args(Args) -> [JSON].
+%% encode_arg(Args) -> JSON.
+
+encode_args(Args) ->
+    [ encode_arg(A) || A <- Args ].
+
+encode_arg(#arg{id=Id,type=T}) ->
+    [{<<"name">>,encode_type(Id)},
+     {<<"type">>,[encode_type(T)]}].
+
+%% encode_types(Types) -> [JSON].
+%% encode_type(Type) -> JSON.
+
+encode_types(Types) ->
+    [ encode_type(T) || T <- Types ].
+
+encode_type(#tvar{name=N}) -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type(#id{name=N}) -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type(#con{name=N}) -> encode_name(N);
+encode_type(#qid{names=Ns}) ->
+    encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_type(#qcon{names=Ns}) ->
+    encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));           %?
+encode_type(#tuple_t{args=As}) ->
+    Eas = encode_types(As),
+    [{<<"tuple">>,Eas}];
+encode_type(#record_t{fields=Fs}) ->
+    Efs = encode_fields(Fs),
+    [{<<"record">>,Efs}];
+encode_type(#app_t{id=Id,fields=Fs}) ->
+    Name = encode_type(Id),
+    Efs = encode_types(Fs),
+    [{Name,Efs}];
+encode_type(#variant_t{cons=Cs}) ->
+    Ecs = encode_types(Cs),
+    [{<<"variant">>,Ecs}];
+encode_type(#constr_t{con=C,args=As}) ->
+    Ec = encode_type(C),
+    Eas = encode_types(As),
+    [{Ec,Eas}];
+encode_type(#fun_t{args=As,type=T}) ->
+    Eas = encode_types(As),
+    Et = encode_type(T),
+    [{<<"function">>,[{<<"arguments">>,Eas},{<<"returns">>,Et}]}].
+
+encode_name(Name) ->
+    list_to_binary(Name).
+
+%% encode_fields(Fields) -> [JSON].
+%% encode_field(Field) -> JSON.
+%%  Encode a record field.
+
+encode_fields(Fs) ->
+    [ encode_field(F) || F <- Fs ].
+
+encode_field(#field_t{id=Id,type=T}) ->
+    [{<<"name">>,encode_type(Id)},
+     {<<"type">>,[encode_type(T)]}].
+
+%% encode_typedef(TypeDef) -> JSON.
+
+encode_typedef(Type) ->
+    Name = typedef_name(Type),
+    Vars = typedef_vars(Type),
+    Def = typedef_def(Type),
+    [{<<"name">>, encode_name(Name)},
+     {<<"vars">>, encode_tvars(Vars)},
+     {<<"typedef">>, encode_alias(Def)}].
+
+encode_tvars(Vars) ->
+    [ encode_tvar(V) || V <- Vars ].
+
+encode_tvar(#tvar{name=N}) ->
+    [{<<"name">>, encode_name(N)}].
+
+encode_alias(#alias_t{type=T}) ->
+    encode_type(T);
+encode_alias(A) -> encode_type(A).
+
+%% encode_stmt(Stmt) -> JSON.
+
+encode_stmt(E) ->
+    encode_expr(E).
+
+%% encode_exprs(Exprs) -> [JSON].
+%% encode_expr(Expr) -> JSON.
+
+encode_exprs(Es) ->
+    [ encode_expr(E) || E <- Es ].
+
+encode_expr(#id{name=N}) -> encode_name(N);
+encode_expr(#con{name=N}) -> encode_name(N);
+encode_expr(#qid{names=Ns}) ->
+    encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));
+encode_expr(#qcon{names=Ns}) ->
+    encode_name(lists:join(".", Ns));           %?
+encode_expr(#typed{expr=E}) ->
+    encode_expr(E);
+encode_expr(#bool{bool=B}) -> B;
+encode_expr(#int{value=V}) -> V;
+encode_expr(#string{bin=B}) -> B;
+encode_expr(#hash{hash=H}) -> H;
+encode_expr(#tuple{args=As}) ->
+    Eas = encode_exprs(As),
+    [{<<"tuple">>,Eas}];
+encode_expr(#list{args=As}) ->
+    Eas = encode_exprs(As),
+    [{<<"list">>,Eas}];
+encode_expr(#app{func=F,args=As}) ->
+    Ef = encode_expr(F),
+    Eas = encode_exprs(As),
+    [{<<"apply">>,[{<<"function">>,Ef},
+		   {<<"arguments">>,Eas}]}];
+encode_expr({Op,_Ann}) ->
+    list_to_binary(atom_to_list(Op)).
+
+%% decode(JSON) -> ContractString.
+%%  Decode a JSON string and generate a suitable contract string which
+%%  can be included in a contract definition. We decode into a map
+%%  here as this is easier to work with and order is not important.
+
+decode(Json) ->
+    Map = jsx:decode(Json, [return_maps]),
+    %% io:format("~p\n", [Map]),
+    #{<<"contract">> := C} = Map,
+    list_to_binary(decode_contract(C)).
+
+decode_contract(#{<<"name">> := Name,
+                  <<"type_defs">> := Ts,
+                  <<"functions">> := Fs}) ->
+    ["contract"," ",io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," =\n",
+     decode_tdefs(Ts),
+     decode_funcs(Fs)].
+
+decode_funcs(Fs) -> [ decode_func(F) || F <- Fs ].
+
+decode_func(#{<<"name">> := <<"init">>}) -> [];
+decode_func(#{<<"name">> := Name,<<"arguments">> := As,<<"returns">> := T}) ->
+    ["  function"," ",io_lib:format("~s", [Name])," : ",
+     decode_args(As)," => ",decode_type(T),$\n].
+
+decode_args(As) ->
+    Das = [ decode_arg(A) || A <- As ],
+    [$(,lists:join(", ", Das),$)].
+
+decode_arg(#{<<"type">> := [T]}) -> decode_type(T).
+
+decode_types(Ets) ->
+    [ decode_type(Et) || Et <- Ets ].
+
+decode_type(#{<<"tuple">> := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    [$(,lists:join(",", Ts),$)];
+decode_type(#{<<"record">> := Efs}) ->
+    Fs = decode_fields(Efs),
+    [${,lists:join(",", Fs),$}];
+decode_type(#{<<"list">> := [Et]}) ->
+    T = decode_type(Et),
+    ["list",$(,T,$)];
+decode_type(#{<<"map">> := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    ["map",$(,lists:join(",", Ts),$)];
+decode_type(#{<<"variant">> := Ets}) ->
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    lists:join(" | ", Ts);
+decode_type(Econs) when is_map(Econs) ->	%General constructor
+    [{Ec,Ets}] = maps:to_list(Econs),
+    C = decode_name(Ec),
+    Ts = decode_types(Ets),
+    [C,$(,lists:join(",", Ts),$)];
+decode_type(T) ->				%Just raw names.
+    decode_name(T).
+
+decode_name(En) ->
+    binary_to_list(En).
+
+decode_fields(Efs) ->
+    [ decode_field(Ef) || Ef <- Efs ].
+
+decode_field(#{<<"name">> := En,<<"type">> := [Et]}) ->
+    Name = decode_name(En),
+    Type = decode_type(Et),
+    [Name," : ",Type].
+
+%% decode_tdefs(Json) -> [TypeString].
+%%  Here we are only interested in the type definitions and ignore the
+%%  aliases. We find them as they always have variants.
+
+decode_tdefs(Ts) -> [ decode_tdef(T) ||
+			#{<<"typedef">> := #{<<"variant">> := _}} = T <- Ts
+		    ].
+
+decode_tdef(#{<<"name">> := Name,<<"vars">> := Vs,<<"typedef">> := T}) ->
+    ["  datatype"," ",decode_name(Name),decode_tvars(Vs),
+     " = ",decode_type(T),$\n].
+
+decode_tvars([]) -> [];                         %No tvars, no parentheses
+decode_tvars(Vs) ->
+    Dvs = [ decode_tvar(V) || V <- Vs ],
+    [$(,lists:join(", ", Dvs),$)].
+
+decode_tvar(#{<<"name">> := N}) -> io_lib:format("~s", [N]).
+
+%% #contract{Ann, Con, [Declarations]}.
+
+contract_name(#contract{con=#con{name=N}}) -> N.
+
+contract_funcs(#contract{decls=Decls}) ->
+    [ D || D <- Decls, is_record(D, letfun) ].
+
+contract_types(#contract{decls=Decls}) ->
+    [ D || D <- Decls, is_record(D, type_def) ].
+
+%% To keep dialyzer happy and quiet.
+%% namespace_name(#namespace{con=#con{name=N}}) -> N.
+%%
+%% namespace_funcs(#namespace{decls=Decls}) ->
+%%     [ D || D <- Decls, is_record(D, letfun) ].
+%%
+%% namespace_types(#namespace{decls=Decls}) ->
+%%     [ D || D <- Decls, is_record(D, type_def) ].
+
+sort_decls(Ds) ->
+    Sort = fun (D1, D2) ->
+                   aeso_syntax:get_ann(line, D1, 0) =<
+                       aeso_syntax:get_ann(line, D2, 0)
+           end,
+    lists:sort(Sort, Ds).
+
+%% #letfun{Ann, Id, [Arg], Type, Typedef}.
+
+function_name(#letfun{id=#id{name=N}}) -> N.
+
+function_args(#letfun{args=Args}) -> Args.
+
+function_type(#letfun{type=Type}) -> Type.
+
+is_private_func(#letfun{ann=A}) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(private, A, false).
+
+is_stateful_func(#letfun{ann=A}) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(stateful, A, false).
+
+%% #type_def{Ann, Id, [Var], Typedef}.
+
+typedef_name(#type_def{id=#id{name=N}}) -> N.
+
+typedef_vars(#type_def{vars=Vars}) -> Vars.
+
+typedef_def(#type_def{typedef=Def}) -> Def.
+
+%% parse(ContractString, Options) -> {ok,AST}.
+%%  Signal errors, the sophia compiler way. Sigh!
+
+parse(Text, Options) ->
+    %% Try and return something sensible here!
+    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Options) of
+        %% Yay, it worked!
+        {ok, Contract} -> Contract;
+        %% Scan errors.
+        {error, {Pos, scan_error}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, "scan error");
+        {error, {Pos, scan_error_no_state}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, "scan error");
+        %% Parse errors.
+        {error, {Pos, parse_error, Error}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, Error);
+        {error, {Pos, ambiguous_parse, As}} ->
+            ErrorString = io_lib:format("Ambiguous ~p", [As]),
+            parse_error(Pos, ErrorString);
+        %% Include error
+        {error, {Pos, include_error, File}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, io_lib:format("could not find include file '~s'", [File]))
+    end.
+
+parse_error(Pos, ErrorString) ->
+    %% io:format("Error ~p ~p\n", [Pos,ErrorString]),
+    Error = io_lib:format("~s: ~s", [pos_error(Pos), ErrorString]),
+    error({parse_errors, [Error]}).
+
+pos_error({Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("line ~p, column ~p", [Line, Pos]);
+pos_error({no_file, Line, Pos}) ->
+    pos_error({Line, Pos});
+pos_error({File, Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("file ~s, line ~p, column ~p", [File, Line, Pos]).

src/aeso_ast.erl

@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ line({symbol, Line, _}) -> Line.
 symbol_name({symbol, _, Name}) -> Name.
 
 pp(Ast) ->
-    %% TODO: Actually do *Pretty* printing.
-    io:format("~p~n", [Ast]).
+    String = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(Ast, [])),
+    io:format("Ast:\n~s\n", [String]).
 
 pp_typed(TypedAst) ->
+    %% io:format("Typed tree:\n~p\n",[TypedAst]),
     String = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:decls(TypedAst, [show_generated])),
-    %%io:format("Typed tree:\n~p\n",[TypedAst]),
-    io:format("Type info:\n~s\n",[String]).
+    io:format("Type ast:\n~s\n",[String]).
 

src/aeso_ast_to_icode.erl

@@ -17,11 +17,19 @@
 
 -spec convert_typed(aeso_syntax:ast(), list()) -> aeso_icode:icode().
 convert_typed(TypedTree, Options) ->
-    code(TypedTree, aeso_icode:new(Options)).
+    Name = case lists:last(TypedTree) of
+               {contract, _, {con, _, Con}, _} -> Con;
+               _ -> gen_error(last_declaration_must_be_contract)
+           end,
+    Icode = code(TypedTree, aeso_icode:set_name(Name, aeso_icode:new(Options))),
+    deadcode_elimination(Icode).
 
-code([{contract, _Attribs, {con, _, Name}, Code}|Rest], Icode) ->
-    NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code,
-                                 aeso_icode:set_name(Name, Icode)),
+code([{contract, _Attribs, Con, Code}|Rest], Icode) ->
+    NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Con, Icode)),
+    code(Rest, NewIcode);
+code([{namespace, _Ann, Name, Code}|Rest], Icode) ->
+                                            %% TODO: nested namespaces
+    NewIcode = contract_to_icode(Code, aeso_icode:set_namespace(Name, Icode)),
     code(Rest, NewIcode);
 code([], Icode) ->
     add_default_init_function(add_builtins(Icode)).
@@ -33,30 +41,38 @@ gen_error(Error) ->
 
 %% Create default init function (only if state is unit).
 add_default_init_function(Icode = #{functions := Funs, state_type := State}) ->
-    case lists:keymember("init", 1, Funs) of
+    {_, _, QInit} = aeso_icode:qualify({id, [], "init"}, Icode),
+    case lists:keymember(QInit, 1, Funs) of
         true -> Icode;
-        false when State /= {tuple, []} -> gen_error(missing_init_function);
+        false when State /= {tuple, []} ->
+            gen_error(missing_init_function);
         false ->
             Type  = {tuple, [typerep, {tuple, []}]},
             Value = #tuple{ cpts = [type_value({tuple, []}), {tuple, []}] },
-            DefaultInit = {"init", [], [], Value, Type},
+            DefaultInit = {QInit, [], [], Value, Type},
             Icode#{ functions => [DefaultInit | Funs] }
     end.
 
 -spec contract_to_icode(aeso_syntax:ast(), aeso_icode:icode()) ->
                                aeso_icode:icode().
-contract_to_icode([{type_def, _Attrib, {id, _, Name}, Args, Def} | Rest],
+contract_to_icode([{namespace, _, Name, Defs} | Rest], Icode) ->
+    NS = aeso_icode:get_namespace(Icode),
+    Icode1 = contract_to_icode(Defs, aeso_icode:enter_namespace(Name, Icode)),
+    contract_to_icode(Rest, aeso_icode:set_namespace(NS, Icode1));
+contract_to_icode([{type_def, _Attrib, Id = {id, _, Name}, Args, Def} | Rest],
                   Icode = #{ types := Types, constructors := Constructors }) ->
     TypeDef = make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode),
     NewConstructors =
         case Def of
             {variant_t, Cons} ->
                 Tags = lists:seq(0, length(Cons) - 1),
-                GetName = fun({constr_t, _, {con, _, C}, _}) -> C end,
-                maps:from_list([ {GetName(Con), Tag} || {Tag, Con} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]);
+                GetName = fun({constr_t, _, C, _}) -> C end,
+                QName = fun(Con) -> {_, _, Xs} = aeso_icode:qualify(GetName(Con), Icode), Xs end,
+                maps:from_list([ {QName(Con), Tag} || {Tag, Con} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]);
             _ -> #{}
         end,
-    Icode1 = Icode#{ types := Types#{ Name => TypeDef },
+    {_, _, TName} = aeso_icode:qualify(Id, Icode),
+    Icode1 = Icode#{ types := Types#{ TName => TypeDef },
                      constructors := maps:merge(Constructors, NewConstructors) },
     Icode2 = case Name of
                 "state" when Args == [] -> Icode1#{ state_type => ast_typerep(Def, Icode) };
@@ -68,8 +84,7 @@ contract_to_icode([{type_def, _Attrib, {id, _, Name}, Args, Def} | Rest],
     contract_to_icode(Rest, Icode2);
 contract_to_icode([{letfun, Attrib, Name, Args, _What, Body={typed,_,_,T}}|Rest], Icode) ->
     FunAttrs = [ stateful || proplists:get_value(stateful, Attrib, false) ] ++
-               [ private  || proplists:get_value(private, Attrib, false) orelse
-                             proplists:get_value(internal, Attrib, false) ],
+               [ private  || is_private(Attrib, Icode) ],
     %% TODO: Handle types
     FunName = ast_id(Name),
     %% TODO: push funname to env
@@ -84,7 +99,8 @@ contract_to_icode([{letfun, Attrib, Name, Args, _What, Body={typed,_,_,T}}|Rest]
                  {tuple, [typerep, ast_typerep(T, Icode)]}};
             _ -> {ast_body(Body, Icode), ast_typerep(T, Icode)}
         end,
-    NewIcode = ast_fun_to_icode(FunName, FunAttrs, FunArgs, FunBody, TypeRep, Icode),
+    QName    = aeso_icode:qualify(Name, Icode),
+    NewIcode = ast_fun_to_icode(ast_id(QName), FunAttrs, FunArgs, FunBody, TypeRep, Icode),
     contract_to_icode(Rest, NewIcode);
 contract_to_icode([{letrec,_,Defs}|Rest], Icode) ->
     %% OBS! This code ignores the letrec structure of the source,
@@ -94,11 +110,14 @@ contract_to_icode([{letrec,_,Defs}|Rest], Icode) ->
     %% just to parse a list of (mutually recursive) definitions.
     contract_to_icode(Defs++Rest, Icode);
 contract_to_icode([], Icode) -> Icode;
-contract_to_icode(_Code, Icode) ->
-    %% TODO debug output for debug("Unhandled code ~p~n",[Code]),
-    Icode.
+contract_to_icode([{fun_decl, _, _, _} | Code], Icode) ->
+    contract_to_icode(Code, Icode);
+contract_to_icode([Decl | Code], Icode) ->
+    io:format("Unhandled declaration: ~p\n", [Decl]),
+    contract_to_icode(Code, Icode).
 
-ast_id({id, _, Id}) -> Id.
+ast_id({id, _, Id}) -> Id;
+ast_id({qid, _, Id}) -> Id.
 
 ast_args([{arg, _, Name, Type}|Rest], Acc, Icode) ->
     ast_args(Rest, [{ast_id(Name), ast_type(Type, Icode)}| Acc], Icode);
@@ -121,7 +140,7 @@ ast_type(T, Icode) ->
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Chain","spend"], [To, Amount], _, _), Icode) ->
     prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_SPEND, ast_body(Amount, Icode), [ast_body(To, Icode)], [word], {tuple, []});
 
-ast_body(?qid_app(["Chain","event"], [Event], _, _), Icode) ->
+ast_body(?qid_app([Con, "Chain", "event"], [Event], _, _), Icode = #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
     aeso_builtins:check_event_type(Icode),
     builtin_call({event, maps:get(event_type, Icode)}, [ast_body(Event, Icode)]);
 
@@ -152,10 +171,10 @@ ast_body({qid, _, ["Chain", "spend"]}, _Icode) ->
     gen_error({underapplied_primitive, 'Chain.spend'});
 
 %% State
-ast_body({id, _, "state"}, _Icode) -> prim_state;
-ast_body(?id_app("put", [NewState], _, _), Icode) ->
+ast_body({qid, _, [Con, "state"]}, #{ contract_name := Con }) -> prim_state;
+ast_body(?qid_app([Con, "put"], [NewState], _, _), Icode = #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
     #prim_put{ state = ast_body(NewState, Icode) };
-ast_body({id, _, "put"}, _Icode) ->
+ast_body({qid, _, [Con, "put"]}, #{ contract_name := Con }) ->
     gen_error({underapplied_primitive, put});   %% TODO: eta
 
 %% Abort
@@ -163,6 +182,11 @@ ast_body(?id_app("abort", [String], _, _), Icode) ->
     #funcall{ function = #var_ref{ name = {builtin, abort} },
               args     = [ast_body(String, Icode)] };
 
+%% Authentication
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Auth", "tx_hash"]}, _Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_AUTH_TX_HASH, #integer{value = 0},
+              [], [], aeso_icode:option_typerep(word));
+
 %% Oracles
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Oracle", "register"], Args, _, ?oracle_t(QType, RType)), Icode) ->
     {Sign, [Acct, QFee, TTL]} = get_signature_arg(Args),
@@ -316,6 +340,23 @@ ast_body({map, _, Map, [Upd]}, Icode) ->
 ast_body({map, Ann, Map, [Upd | Upds]}, Icode) ->
     ast_body({map, Ann, {map, Ann, Map, [Upd]}, Upds}, Icode);
 
+%% Crypto
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "ecverify"], [Msg, PK, Sig], _, _), Icode) ->
+    prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_ECVERIFY, #integer{value = 0},
+              [ast_body(Msg, Icode), ast_body(PK, Icode), ast_body(Sig, Icode)],
+              [word, word, sign_t()], word);
+
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha3"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA3, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "sha256"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA256, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Crypto", "blake2b"], [Term], [Type], _), Icode) ->
+    generic_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_BLAKE2B, Term, Type, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "sha256"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    string_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_SHA256_STRING, String, Icode);
+ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "blake2b"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
+    string_hash_primop(?PRIM_CALL_CRYPTO_BLAKE2B_STRING, String, Icode);
+
 %% Strings
 %% -- String length
 ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "length"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
@@ -331,6 +372,33 @@ ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "concat"], [String1, String2], _, _), Icode) ->
 ast_body(?qid_app(["String", "sha3"], [String], _, _), Icode) ->
     #unop{ op = 'sha3', rand = ast_body(String, Icode) };
 
+%% -- Bits
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bits", Fun], Args, _, _), Icode)
+        when Fun == "test"; Fun == "set"; Fun == "clear";
+             Fun == "union"; Fun == "intersection"; Fun == "difference" ->
+    C  = fun(N) when is_integer(N) -> #integer{ value = N };
+            (X) -> X end,
+    Bin = fun(O) -> fun(A, B) -> #binop{ op = O, left = C(A), right = C(B) } end end,
+    And = Bin('band'),
+    Or  = Bin('bor'),
+    Bsl = fun(A, B) -> (Bin('bsl'))(B, A) end, %% flipped arguments
+    Bsr = fun(A, B) -> (Bin('bsr'))(B, A) end,
+    Neg = fun(A) -> #unop{ op = 'bnot', rand = C(A) } end,
+    case [Fun | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]] of
+        ["test", Bits, Ix]     -> And(Bsr(Bits, Ix), 1);
+        ["set", Bits, Ix]      -> Or(Bits, Bsl(1, Ix));
+        ["clear", Bits, Ix]    -> And(Bits, Neg(Bsl(1, Ix)));
+        ["union", A, B]        -> Or(A, B);
+        ["intersection", A, B] -> And(A, B);
+        ["difference", A, B]   -> And(A, Neg(And(A, B)))
+    end;
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Bits", "none"]}, _Icode) ->
+    #integer{ value = 0 };
+ast_body({qid, _, ["Bits", "all"]}, _Icode) ->
+    #integer{ value = 1 bsl 256 - 1 };
+ast_body(?qid_app(["Bits", "sum"], [Bits], _, _), Icode) ->
+    builtin_call(popcount, [ast_body(Bits, Icode), #integer{ value = 0 }]);
+
 %% -- Conversion
 ast_body(?qid_app(["Int", "to_str"], [Int], _, _), Icode) ->
     builtin_call(int_to_str, [ast_body(Int, Icode)]);
@@ -340,7 +408,8 @@ ast_body(?qid_app(["Address", "to_str"], [Addr], _, _), Icode) ->
 
 %% Other terms
 ast_body({id, _, Name}, _Icode) ->
-    %% TODO Look up id in env
+    #var_ref{name = Name};
+ast_body({qid, _, Name}, _Icode) ->
     #var_ref{name = Name};
 ast_body({bool, _, Bool}, _Icode) ->        %BOOL as ints
     Value = if Bool -> 1 ; true -> 0 end,
@@ -356,7 +425,7 @@ ast_body({hash, _, Hash}, _Icode) ->
                            #integer{value = Lo}]}
     end;
 ast_body({string,_,Bin}, _Icode) ->
-    Cpts = [size(Bin) | aeso_memory:binary_to_words(Bin)],
+    Cpts = [size(Bin) | aeb_memory:binary_to_words(Bin)],
     #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value=X} || X <- Cpts]};
 ast_body({tuple,_,Args}, Icode) ->
     #tuple{cpts = [ast_body(A, Icode) || A <- Args]};
@@ -380,7 +449,7 @@ ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {proj, _, {typed, _, Addr, {con, _, Contract}}, {id
     Gas    = proplists:get_value("gas",   ArgOpts ++ Defaults),
     Value  = proplists:get_value("value", ArgOpts ++ Defaults),
     OutType = ast_typerep(OutT, Icode),
-    <<TypeHash:256>> = aeso_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(FunName), ArgType, OutType),
+    <<TypeHash:256>> = aeb_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(FunName), ArgType, OutType),
     %% The function is represented by its type hash (which includes the name)
     Fun    = #integer{value = TypeHash},
     #prim_call_contract{
@@ -397,9 +466,15 @@ ast_body({proj, _, {typed, _, _, {con, _, Contract}}, {id, _, FunName}}, _Icode)
                string:join([Contract, FunName], ".")});
 
 ast_body({con, _, Name}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag([Name], Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag}]};
+ast_body({qcon, _, Name}, Icode) ->
     Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag(Name, Icode),
     #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag}]};
 ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {con, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
+    Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag([Name], Icode),
+    #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag} | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]]};
+ast_body({app, _, {typed, _, {qcon, _, Name}, _}, Args}, Icode) ->
     Tag = aeso_icode:get_constructor_tag(Name, Icode),
     #tuple{cpts = [#integer{value = Tag} | [ ast_body(Arg, Icode) || Arg <- Args ]]};
 ast_body({app,As,Fun,Args}, Icode) ->
@@ -509,12 +584,6 @@ ast_binop(Op, Ann, {typed, _, A, Type}, B, Icode)
 ast_binop('++', _, A, B, Icode) ->
     #funcall{ function = #var_ref{ name = {builtin, list_concat} },
               args     = [ast_body(A, Icode), ast_body(B, Icode)] };
-ast_binop('bsl', _, A, B, Icode) ->
-    #binop{op = '*', left = ast_body(A, Icode),
-                     right = #binop{op = '^', left = {integer, 2}, right = ast_body(B, Icode)}};
-ast_binop('bsr', _, A, B, Icode) ->
-    #binop{op = 'div', left = ast_body(A, Icode),
-                       right = #binop{op = '^', left = {integer, 2}, right = ast_body(B, Icode)}};
 ast_binop(Op, _, A, B, Icode) ->
     #binop{op = Op, left = ast_body(A, Icode), right = ast_body(B, Icode)}.
 
@@ -581,7 +650,7 @@ prim_call(Prim, Amount, Args, ArgTypes, OutType) ->
             true ->
                 PrimBin = binary:encode_unsigned(Prim),
                 ArgType = {tuple, ArgTypes},
-                <<TH:256>> = aeso_abi:function_type_hash(PrimBin, ArgType, OutType),
+                <<TH:256>> = aeb_abi:function_type_hash(PrimBin, ArgType, OutType),
                 TH;
             false ->
                 0
@@ -593,6 +662,16 @@ prim_call(Prim, Amount, Args, ArgTypes, OutType) ->
                          type_hash= #integer{value = TypeHash}
                        }.
 
+generic_hash_primop(PrimOp, Term, Type, Icode) ->
+    ArgType   = ast_type(Type, Icode),
+    TypeValue = type_value(ArgType),
+    prim_call(PrimOp, #integer{value = 0},
+        [TypeValue, ast_body(Term, Icode)],
+        [typerep, ArgType], word).
+
+string_hash_primop(PrimOp, String, Icode) ->
+    prim_call(PrimOp, #integer{value = 0}, [ast_body(String, Icode)], [string], word).
+
 make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode = #{ type_vars := TypeEnv }) ->
     TVars = [ X || {tvar, _, X} <- Args ],
     fun(Types) ->
@@ -600,7 +679,7 @@ make_type_def(Args, Def, Icode = #{ type_vars := TypeEnv }) ->
         ast_typerep(Def, Icode#{ type_vars := maps:merge(TypeEnv, TypeEnv1) })
     end.
 
--spec ast_typerep(aeso_syntax:type()) -> aeso_sophia:type().
+-spec ast_typerep(aeso_syntax:type()) -> aeb_aevm_data:type().
 ast_typerep(Type) -> ast_typerep(Type, aeso_icode:new([])).
 
 ast_typerep({id, _, Name}, Icode) ->
@@ -697,6 +776,15 @@ has_maps({list, T})     -> has_maps(T);
 has_maps({tuple, Ts})   -> lists:any(fun has_maps/1, Ts);
 has_maps({variant, Cs}) -> lists:any(fun has_maps/1, lists:append(Cs)).
 
+%% A function is private if marked 'private' or 'internal', or if it's not
+%% defined in the main contract name space. (NOTE: changes when we introduce
+%% inheritance).
+is_private(Ann, #{ contract_name := MainContract } = Icode) ->
+    {_, _, CurrentNamespace} = aeso_icode:get_namespace(Icode),
+    proplists:get_value(private,  Ann, false) orelse
+    proplists:get_value(internal, Ann, false) orelse
+    MainContract /= CurrentNamespace.
+
 %% -------------------------------------------------------------------
 %% Builtins
 %% -------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -708,3 +796,39 @@ builtin_call(Builtin, Args) ->
 add_builtins(Icode = #{functions := Funs}) ->
     Builtins = aeso_builtins:used_builtins(Funs),
     Icode#{functions := [ aeso_builtins:builtin_function(B) || B <- Builtins ] ++ Funs}.
+
+
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+%% Deadcode elimination
+%% -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+deadcode_elimination(Icode = #{ functions := Funs }) ->
+    PublicNames = [ Name || {Name, Ann, _, _, _} <- Funs, not lists:member(private, Ann) ],
+    ArgsToPat   = fun(Args) -> [ #var_ref{ name = X } || {X, _} <- Args ] end,
+    Defs        = maps:from_list([ {Name, {binder, ArgsToPat(Args), Body}} || {Name, _, Args, Body, _} <- Funs ]),
+    UsedNames   = chase_names(Defs, PublicNames, #{}),
+    UsedFuns    = [ Def || Def = {Name, _, _, _, _} <- Funs, maps:is_key(Name, UsedNames) ],
+    Icode#{ functions := UsedFuns }.
+
+chase_names(_Defs, [], Used) -> Used;
+chase_names(Defs, [X | Xs], Used) ->
+                              %% can happen when compiling __call contracts
+    case maps:is_key(X, Used) orelse not maps:is_key(X, Defs) of
+        true  -> chase_names(Defs, Xs, Used); %% already chased
+        false ->
+            Def  = maps:get(X, Defs),
+            Vars = maps:keys(free_vars(Def)),
+            chase_names(Defs, Vars ++ Xs, Used#{ X => true })
+    end.
+
+free_vars(#var_ref{ name = X }) -> #{ X => true };
+free_vars(#arg{ name = X }) -> #{ X => true };
+free_vars({binder, Pat, Body}) ->
+    maps:without(maps:keys(free_vars(Pat)), free_vars(Body));
+free_vars(#switch{ expr = E, cases = Cases }) ->
+    free_vars([E | [{binder, P, B} || {P, B} <- Cases]]);
+free_vars(#lambda{ args = Xs, body = E }) ->
+    free_vars({binder, Xs, E});
+free_vars(T) when is_tuple(T) -> free_vars(tuple_to_list(T));
+free_vars([H | T]) -> maps:merge(free_vars(H), free_vars(T));
+free_vars(_) -> #{}.

src/aeso_builtins.erl

@@ -38,11 +38,12 @@ builtin_deps1({map_upd, Type})            -> [{map_get, Type}, map_put];
 builtin_deps1({map_upd_default, Type})    -> [{map_lookup_default, Type}, map_put];
 builtin_deps1(map_from_list)              -> [map_put];
 builtin_deps1(str_equal)                  -> [str_equal_p];
-builtin_deps1(string_concat)              -> [string_concat_inner1, string_concat_inner2];
-builtin_deps1(int_to_str)                 -> [int_to_str_, int_digits];
-builtin_deps1(addr_to_str)                -> [base58_int, string_concat];
-builtin_deps1(base58_int)                 -> [base58_int_encode, base58_int_pad, string_reverse, string_concat];
-builtin_deps1(base58_int_encode)          -> [base58_int_encode_, base58_tab];
+builtin_deps1(string_concat)              -> [string_concat_inner1, string_copy, string_shift_copy];
+builtin_deps1(int_to_str)                 -> [{baseX_int, 10}];
+builtin_deps1(addr_to_str)                -> [{baseX_int, 58}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int, X})             -> [{baseX_int_pad, X}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int_pad, X})         -> [{baseX_int_encode, X}];
+builtin_deps1({baseX_int_encode, X})      -> [{baseX_int_encode_, X}, {baseX_tab, X}, {baseX_digits, X}];
 builtin_deps1(string_reverse)             -> [string_reverse_];
 builtin_deps1(_)                          -> [].
 
@@ -80,8 +81,9 @@ option_some(X) -> {tuple, [{integer, 1}, X]}.
 -define(EXP(A, B), op('^', A, B)).
 -define(AND(A, B), op('&&', A, B)).
 
--define(BSL(X, B), ?MUL(X, ?EXP(2, ?MUL(B, 8)))).
--define(BSR(X, B), ?DIV(X, ?EXP(2, ?MUL(B, 8)))).
+%% Bit shift operations takes their arguments backwards!?
+-define(BSL(X, B), op('bsl', ?MUL(B, 8), X)).
+-define(BSR(X, B), op('bsr', ?MUL(B, 8), X)).
 
 op(Op, A, B) -> {binop, Op, operand(A), operand(B)}.
 
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ operand(T) -> T.
 str_to_icode(String) when is_list(String) ->
     str_to_icode(list_to_binary(String));
 str_to_icode(BinStr) ->
-    Cpts = [size(BinStr) | aeso_memory:binary_to_words(BinStr)],
+    Cpts = [size(BinStr) | aeb_memory:binary_to_words(BinStr)],
     #tuple{ cpts = [ #integer{value = X} || X <- Cpts ] }.
 
 check_event_type(Icode) ->
@@ -104,43 +106,79 @@ check_event_type(Icode) ->
     end.
 
 check_event_type(Evts, Icode) ->
-    [ check_event_type(Name, T, Icode)
-      || {constr_t, _, {con, _, Name}, Types} <- Evts, T <- Types ].
+    [ check_event_type(Name, Ix, T, Icode)
+      || {constr_t, Ann, {con, _, Name}, Types} <- Evts,
+         {Ix, T} <- lists:zip(aeso_syntax:get_ann(indices, Ann), Types) ].
 
-check_event_type(EvtName, Type, Icode) ->
-    io:format("~p: ~p??\n", [EvtName, Type]),
-    io:format("=> ~p\n", [aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode)]),
+check_event_type(EvtName, Ix, Type, Icode) ->
     VMType =
         try
            aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode)
         catch _:_ ->
             error({EvtName, could_not_resolve_type, Type})
         end,
-    case aeso_syntax:get_ann(indexed, Type, false) of
-        true when VMType == word    -> ok;
-        false when VMType == string -> ok;
-        true  -> error({EvtName, indexed_field_should_be_word, is, VMType});
-        false -> error({EvtName, payload_should_be_string, is, VMType})
+    case {Ix, VMType} of
+        {indexed, word}      -> ok;
+        {notindexed, string} -> ok;
+        {indexed, _}         -> error({EvtName, indexed_field_should_be_word, is, VMType});
+        {notindexed, _}      -> error({EvtName, payload_should_be_string, is, VMType})
+    end.
+
+bfun(B, {IArgs, IExpr, IRet}) ->
+    {{builtin, B}, [private], IArgs, IExpr, IRet}.
+
+builtin_function(BF) ->
+    case BF of
+        {event, EventT}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_event(EventT));
+        abort                      -> bfun(BF, builtin_abort());
+        {map_lookup, Type}         -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_lookup(Type));
+        map_put                    -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_put());
+        map_delete                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_delete());
+        map_size                   -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_size());
+        {map_get, Type}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_get(Type));
+        {map_lookup_default, Type} -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_lookup_default(Type));
+        map_member                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_member());
+        {map_upd, Type}            -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_upd(Type));
+        {map_upd_default, Type}    -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_upd_default(Type));
+        map_from_list              -> bfun(BF, builtin_map_from_list());
+        list_concat                -> bfun(BF, builtin_list_concat());
+        string_length              -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_length());
+        string_concat              -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_concat());
+        string_concat_inner1       -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_concat_inner1());
+        string_copy                -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_copy());
+        string_shift_copy          -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_shift_copy());
+        str_equal_p                -> bfun(BF, builtin_str_equal_p());
+        str_equal                  -> bfun(BF, builtin_str_equal());
+        popcount                   -> bfun(BF, builtin_popcount());
+        int_to_str                 -> bfun(BF, builtin_int_to_str());
+        addr_to_str                -> bfun(BF, builtin_addr_to_str());
+        {baseX_int, X}             -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int(X));
+        {baseX_digits, X}          -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_digits(X));
+        {baseX_tab, X}             -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_tab(X));
+        {baseX_int_pad, X}         -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_pad(X));
+        {baseX_int_encode, X}      -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_encode(X));
+        {baseX_int_encode_, X}     -> bfun(BF, builtin_baseX_int_encode_(X));
+        string_reverse             -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_reverse());
+        string_reverse_            -> bfun(BF, builtin_string_reverse_())
     end.
 
 %% Event primitive (dependent on Event type)
 %%
 %% We need to switch on the event and prepare the correct #event for icode_to_asm
 %% NOTE: we assume all errors are already checked!
-builtin_function(Builtin = {event, EventT}) ->
+builtin_event(EventT) ->
     A         = fun(X) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(X) end,
     VIx       = fun(Ix) -> v(lists:concat(["v", Ix])) end,
     ArgPats   = fun(Ts) -> [ VIx(Ix) || Ix <- lists:seq(0, length(Ts) - 1) ] end,
-    IsIndexed = fun(T) -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(indexed, T, false) end,
     Payload = %% Should put data ptr, length on stack.
         fun([]) ->  {inline_asm, [A(?PUSH1), 0, A(?PUSH1), 0]};
            ([V]) -> {seq, [V, {inline_asm, [A(?DUP1), A(?MLOAD),                  %% length, ptr
                                             A(?SWAP1), A(?PUSH1), 32, A(?ADD)]}]} %% ptr+32, length
         end,
     Clause =
-        fun(_Tag, {con, _, Con}, Types) ->
-            Indexed   = [ Var || {Var, Type} <- lists:zip(ArgPats(Types), Types),
-                                 IsIndexed(Type) ],
+        fun(_Tag, {con, _, Con}, IxTypes) ->
+            Types     = [ T || {_Ix, T} <- IxTypes ],
+            Indexed   = [ Var || {Var, {indexed, _Type}} <- lists:zip(ArgPats(Types), IxTypes) ],
             EvtIndex  = {unop, 'sha3', str_to_icode(Con)},
             {event, lists:reverse(Indexed) ++ [EvtIndex], Payload(ArgPats(Types) -- Indexed)}
         end,
@@ -149,149 +187,132 @@ builtin_function(Builtin = {event, EventT}) ->
     {variant_t, Cons} = EventT,
     Tags              = lists:seq(0, length(Cons) - 1),
 
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"e", event}],
+    {[{"e", event}],
      {switch, v(e),
-            [{Pat(Tag, Types), Clause(Tag, Con, Types)}
-             || {Tag, {constr_t, _, Con, Types}} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]},
-        {tuple, []}};
+         [{Pat(Tag, Types), Clause(Tag, Con, lists:zip(aeso_syntax:get_ann(indices, Ann), Types))}
+          || {Tag, {constr_t, Ann, Con, Types}} <- lists:zip(Tags, Cons) ]},
+     {tuple, []}}.
 
 %% Abort primitive.
-builtin_function(abort) ->
+builtin_abort() ->
     A = fun(X) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(X) end,
-    {{builtin, abort}, [private],
-     [{"s", string}],
+    {[{"s", string}],
      {inline_asm, [A(?PUSH1),0,  %% Push a dummy 0 for the first arg
                    A(?REVERT)]}, %% Stack: 0,Ptr
-     {tuple,[]}};
+     {tuple,[]}}.
 
 %% Map primitives
-builtin_function(Builtin = {map_lookup, Type}) ->
+builtin_map_lookup(Type) ->
     Ret = aeso_icode:option_typerep(Type),
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
      prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_GET, #integer{value = 0},
                [#var_ref{name = "m"}, #var_ref{name = "k"}],
                [word, word], Ret),
-     Ret};
+     Ret}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = map_put) ->
+builtin_map_put() ->
     %% We don't need the types for put.
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"v", word}],
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"v", word}],
      prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_PUT, #integer{value = 0},
-                  [v(m), v(k), v(v)],
-                  [word, word, word], word),
-     word};
+               [v(m), v(k), v(v)], [word, word, word], word),
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = map_delete) ->
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+builtin_map_delete() ->
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
      prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_DELETE, #integer{value = 0},
-                  [v(m), v(k)],
-                  [word, word], word),
-     word};
+               [v(m), v(k)], [word, word], word),
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = map_size) ->
-    Name = {builtin, Builtin},
-    {Name, [private], [{"m", word}],
+builtin_map_size() ->
+    {[{"m", word}],
      prim_call(?PRIM_CALL_MAP_SIZE, #integer{value = 0},
                [v(m)], [word], word),
-        word};
+     word}.
 
 %% Map builtins
-builtin_function(Builtin = {map_get, Type}) ->
+builtin_map_get(Type) ->
     %% function map_get(m, k) =
     %%   switch(map_lookup(m, k))
     %%     Some(v) => v
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
-            {switch, ?call({map_lookup, Type}, [v(m), v(k)]),
-                [{option_some(v(v)), v(v)}]},
-     Type};
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+     {switch, ?call({map_lookup, Type}, [v(m), v(k)]), [{option_some(v(v)), v(v)}]},
+     Type}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = {map_lookup_default, Type}) ->
+builtin_map_lookup_default(Type) ->
     %% function map_lookup_default(m, k, default) =
     %%   switch(map_lookup(m, k))
     %%     None    => default
     %%     Some(v) => v
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"default", Type}],
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}, {"default", Type}],
      {switch, ?call({map_lookup, Type}, [v(m), v(k)]),
          [{option_none(),     v(default)},
           {option_some(v(v)), v(v)}]},
-     Type};
+     Type}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = map_member) ->
+builtin_map_member() ->
     %% function map_member(m, k) : bool =
     %%   switch(Map.lookup(m, k))
     %%     None => false
     %%     _    => true
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-        [{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
+    {[{"m", word}, {"k", word}],
      {switch, ?call({map_lookup, word}, [v(m), v(k)]),
          [{option_none(), {integer, 0}},
           {{var_ref, "_"}, {integer, 1}}]},
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = {map_upd, Type}) ->
+builtin_map_upd(Type) ->
     %% function map_upd(map, key, fun) =
     %%   map_put(map, key, fun(map_get(map, key)))
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-     [{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"valfun", word}],
+    {[{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"valfun", word}],
      ?call(map_put,
         [v(map), v(key),
          #funcall{ function = v(valfun),
                    args     = [?call({map_get, Type}, [v(map), v(key)])] }]),
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = {map_upd_default, Type}) ->
+builtin_map_upd_default(Type) ->
     %% function map_upd(map, key, val, fun) =
     %%   map_put(map, key, fun(map_lookup_default(map, key, val)))
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-     [{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"val", word}, {"valfun", word}],
+    {[{"map", word}, {"key", word}, {"val", word}, {"valfun", word}],
      ?call(map_put,
         [v(map), v(key),
          #funcall{ function = v(valfun),
                    args     = [?call({map_lookup_default, Type}, [v(map), v(key), v(val)])] }]),
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(Builtin = map_from_list) ->
+builtin_map_from_list() ->
     %% function map_from_list(xs, acc) =
     %%   switch(xs)
     %%     [] => acc
     %%     (k, v) :: xs => map_from_list(xs, acc { [k] = v })
-    {{builtin, Builtin}, [private],
-     [{"xs", {list, {tuple, [word, word]}}}, {"acc", word}],
+    {[{"xs", {list, {tuple, [word, word]}}}, {"acc", word}],
      {switch, v(xs),
         [{{list, []}, v(acc)},
          {{binop, '::', {tuple, [v(k), v(v)]}, v(ys)},
           ?call(map_from_list,
             [v(ys), ?call(map_put, [v(acc), v(k), v(v)])])}]},
-     word};
+     word}.
 
 %% list_concat
 %%
 %% Concatenates two lists.
-builtin_function(list_concat) ->
-    {{builtin, list_concat}, [private],
-     [{"l1", {list, word}}, {"l2", {list, word}}],
+builtin_list_concat() ->
+    {[{"l1", {list, word}}, {"l2", {list, word}}],
      {switch, v(l1),
         [{{list, []}, v(l2)},
          {{binop, '::', v(hd), v(tl)},
           {binop, '::', v(hd), ?call(list_concat, [v(tl), v(l2)])}}
         ]
      },
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(string_length) ->
+builtin_string_length() ->
     %% function length(str) =
     %%   switch(str)
     %%      {n} -> n  // (ab)use the representation
-    {{builtin, string_length}, [private],
-        [{"s", string}],
+    {[{"s", string}],
      ?DEREF(n, s, ?V(n)),
-     word};
+     word}.
 
 %% str_concat - concatenate two strings
 %%
@@ -299,11 +320,12 @@ builtin_function(string_length) ->
 %% top of the Heap and the address to it is returned. The tricky bit is when
 %% the words from the second string has to be shifted to fit next to the first
 %% string.
-builtin_function(string_concat) ->
-    {{builtin, string_concat}, [private],
-     [{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
+builtin_string_concat() ->
+    {[{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
      ?DEREF(n1, s1,
      ?DEREF(n2, s2,
+        {ifte, ?EQ(n1, 0),
+            ?V(s2), %% First string is empty return second string
             {ifte, ?EQ(n2, 0),
                 ?V(s1), %% Second string is empty return first string
                 ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
@@ -312,147 +334,154 @@ builtin_function(string_concat) ->
                            {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, %% Discard fun ret val
                            ?V(ret)                   %% Put the actual return value
                           ]})}
+        }
      )),
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(string_concat_inner1) ->
+builtin_string_concat_inner1() ->
     %% Copy all whole words from the first string, and set up for word fusion
     %% Special case when the length of the first string is divisible by 32.
-    {{builtin, string_concat_inner1}, [private],
-     [{"n1", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"n2", word}, {"p2", pointer}],
-     ?DEREF(w1, p1,
-        {ifte, ?GT(n1, 32),
-            {seq, [?V(w1), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                   ?call(string_concat_inner1, [?SUB(n1, 32), ?NXT(p1), ?V(n2), ?V(p2)])]},
-            {ifte, ?EQ(n1, 0),
-                ?call(string_concat_inner2, [?I(32), ?I(0), ?V(n2), ?V(p2)]),
-                ?call(string_concat_inner2, [?SUB(32, n1), ?V(w1), ?V(n2), ?V(p2)])}
+    {[{"n1", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"n2", word}, {"p2", pointer}],
+     ?LET(w1, ?call(string_copy, [?V(n1), ?V(p1)]),
+        ?LET(nx, ?MOD(n1, 32),
+        {ifte, ?EQ(nx, 0),
+            ?LET(w2, ?call(string_copy, [?V(n2), ?V(p2)]),
+                {seq, [?V(w2), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]}),
+            ?call(string_shift_copy, [?V(nx), ?V(w1), ?V(n2), ?V(p2)])
+        })),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_copy() ->
+    {[{"n", word}, {"p", pointer}],
+     ?DEREF(w, p,
+        {ifte, ?GT(n, 31),
+            {seq, [?V(w), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                   ?call(string_copy, [?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p)])]},
+            ?V(w)
         }),
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(string_concat_inner2) ->
-    %% Current "work in progess" word 'x', has 'o' bytes that are "free" - fill them from
-    %% words of the second string.
-    {{builtin, string_concat_inner2}, [private],
-     [{"o", word}, {"x", word}, {"n2", word}, {"p2", pointer}],
-     {ifte, ?LT(n2, 1),
-        {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]}, %% Use MSIZE as dummy return value
-        ?DEREF(w2, p2,
-            {ifte, ?GT(n2, o),
-                {seq, [?ADD(x, ?BSR(w2, ?SUB(32, o))),
-                       {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                       ?call(string_concat_inner2,
-                             [?V(o), ?BSL(w2, o), ?SUB(n2, 32), ?NXT(p2)])
-                      ]},
-                {seq, [?ADD(x, ?BSR(w2, ?SUB(32, o))),
-                       {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]} %% Use MSIZE as dummy return value
-            })
-     },
-     word};
+builtin_string_shift_copy() ->
+    {[{"off", word}, {"dst", word}, {"n", word}, {"p", pointer}],
+     ?DEREF(w, p,
+        {seq, [?ADD(dst, ?BSR(w, off)), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+               {ifte, ?GT(n, ?SUB(32, off)),
+                    ?call(string_shift_copy, [?V(off), ?BSL(w, ?SUB(32, off)), ?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p)]),
+                    {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]}}]
+        }),
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(str_equal_p) ->
+builtin_str_equal_p() ->
     %% function str_equal_p(n, p1, p2) =
     %%   if(n =< 0) true
     %%   else
     %%      let w1 = *p1
     %%      let w2 = *p2
     %%      w1 == w2 && str_equal_p(n - 32, p1 + 32, p2 + 32)
-    {{builtin, str_equal_p}, [private],
-        [{"n", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"p2", pointer}],
+    {[{"n", word}, {"p1", pointer}, {"p2", pointer}],
      {ifte, ?LT(n, 1),
          ?I(1),
          ?DEREF(w1, p1,
          ?DEREF(w2, p2,
              ?AND(?EQ(w1, w2),
                   ?call(str_equal_p, [?SUB(n, 32), ?NXT(p1), ?NXT(p2)]))))},
-     word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(str_equal) ->
+builtin_str_equal() ->
     %% function str_equal(s1, s2) =
     %%   let n1 = length(s1)
     %%   let n2 = length(s2)
     %%   n1 == n2 && str_equal_p(n1, s1 + 32, s2 + 32)
-    {{builtin, str_equal}, [private],
-        [{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
+    {[{"s1", string}, {"s2", string}],
      ?DEREF(n1, s1,
      ?DEREF(n2, s2,
          ?AND(?EQ(n1, n2), ?call(str_equal_p, [?V(n1), ?NXT(s1), ?NXT(s2)]))
      )),
-        word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(int_to_str) ->
-    {{builtin, int_to_str}, [private],
-        [{"i0", word}],
-        {switch, {ifte, ?LT(i0, 0),
-                    {tuple, [?I(2), ?NEG(i0), ?BSL(45, 31)]},
-                    {tuple, [?I(1), ?V(i0), ?I(0)]}},
-        [{{tuple, [v(off), v(i), v(x)]},
-        ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
-        ?LET(n,   ?call(int_digits, [?DIV(i, 10), ?I(0)]),
-        ?LET(fac, ?EXP(10, n),
-            {seq, [?ADD(n, off), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}, %% Store str len
-                   ?call(int_to_str_,
-                        [?MOD(i, fac), ?ADD(x, ?BSL(?ADD(48, ?DIV(i, fac)), ?SUB(32, off))), ?DIV(fac, 10), ?V(off)]),
-                   {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, ?V(ret)]}
-        )))}]},
-        word};
+%% Count the number of 1s in a bit field.
+builtin_popcount() ->
+    %% function popcount(bits, acc) =
+    %%   if (bits == 0) acc
+    %%   else popcount(bits bsr 1, acc + bits band 1)
+    {[{"bits", word}, {"acc", word}],
+     {ifte, ?EQ(bits, 0),
+        ?V(acc),
+        ?call(popcount, [op('bsr', 1, bits), ?ADD(acc, op('band', bits, 1))])
+     }, word}.
 
-builtin_function(int_to_str_) ->
-    {{builtin, int_to_str_}, [private],
-        [{"x", word}, {"y", word}, {"fac", word}, {"n", word}],
-        {ifte, ?EQ(fac, 0),
-            {seq, [?V(y), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}, ?V(n)]},
-            {ifte, ?EQ(?MOD(n, 32), 0),
-                 %% We've filled a word, write it and start on new word
-                 {seq, [?V(y), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                        ?call(int_to_str_,
-                              [?MOD(x, fac), ?BSL(?ADD(48, ?DIV(x, fac)), 31),
-                               ?DIV(fac, 10), ?I(1)])]},
-                 ?call(int_to_str_,
-                       [?MOD(x, fac), ?ADD(y, ?BSL(?ADD(48, ?DIV(x, fac)), ?SUB(31, n))),
-                        ?DIV(fac, 10), ?ADD(n, 1)])}
-        },
-        word};
+builtin_int_to_str() ->
+    {[{"i", word}], ?call({baseX_int, 10}, [?V(i)]), word}.
 
-builtin_function(int_digits) ->
-    {{builtin, int_digits}, [private],
-        [{"x", word}, {"n", word}],
-        {ifte, ?EQ(x, 0), ?V(n), ?call(int_digits, [?DIV(x, 10), ?ADD(n, 1)])},
-        word};
-
-builtin_function(base58_tab) ->
-    Fst32 = 22252025330403739761829862310514590177935513752035045390683118730099851483225,
-    Lst26 = 40880219588527126470443504235291962205031881694701834176631306799289575931904,
-    {{builtin, base58_tab}, [private],
-        [{"ix", word}],
+builtin_baseX_tab(_X = 10) ->
+    {[{"ix", word}], ?ADD($0, ix), word};
+builtin_baseX_tab(_X = 58) ->
+    <<Fst32:256>> = <<"123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXY">>,
+    <<Lst26:256>> = <<"Zabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz", 0:48>>,
+    {[{"ix", word}],
      {ifte, ?LT(ix, 32),
          ?BYTE(ix, Fst32),
          ?BYTE(?SUB(ix, 32), Lst26)
-        }, word};
+     },
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(base58_int) ->
-    {{builtin, base58_int}, [private],
-        [{"w", word}],
-        ?LET(str0, ?call(base58_int_encode, [?V(w)]),
-        ?LET(str1, ?call(base58_int_pad, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0)]),
-        ?LET(str2, ?call(string_concat, [?V(str0), ?V(str1)]),
-            ?call(string_reverse, [?V(str2)])
-        ))),
+builtin_baseX_int(X) ->
+    {[{"w", word}],
+     ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
+        {seq, [?call({baseX_int_pad, X}, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0)]), {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, ?V(ret)]}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int_pad(X = 10) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     {ifte, ?LT(src, 0),
+        ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?NEG(src), ?I(1), ?BSL($-, 31)]),
+        ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?V(src), ?V(ix), ?V(dst)])},
      word};
+builtin_baseX_int_pad(X = 58) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     {ifte, ?GT(?ADD(?DIV(ix, 31), ?BYTE(ix, src)), 0),
+         ?call({baseX_int_encode, X}, [?V(src), ?V(ix), ?V(dst)]),
+         ?call({baseX_int_pad, X}, [?V(src), ?ADD(ix, 1), ?ADD(dst, ?BSL($1, ?SUB(31, ix)))])},
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(string_reverse) ->
-    {{builtin, string_reverse}, [private],
-        [{"s", string}],
+builtin_baseX_int_encode(X) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"ix", word}, {"dst", word}],
+     ?LET(n, ?call({baseX_digits, X}, [?V(src), ?I(0)]),
+        {seq, [?ADD(n, ?ADD(ix, 1)), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+               ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X}, [?V(src), ?V(dst), ?EXP(X, n), ?V(ix)])]}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_int_encode_(X) ->
+    {[{"src", word}, {"dst", word}, {"fac", word}, {"ix", word}],
+     {ifte, ?EQ(fac, 0),
+         {seq, [?V(dst), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]},
+         {ifte, ?EQ(ix, 32),
+              %% We've filled a word, write it and start on new word
+              {seq, [?V(dst), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
+                     ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X}, [?V(src), ?I(0), ?V(fac), ?I(0)])]},
+              ?call({baseX_int_encode_, X},
+                    [?MOD(src, fac), ?ADD(dst, ?BSL(?call({baseX_tab, X}, [?DIV(src, fac)]), ?SUB(31, ix))),
+                     ?DIV(fac, X), ?ADD(ix, 1)])}
+     },
+     word}.
+
+builtin_baseX_digits(X) ->
+    {[{"x0", word}, {"dgts", word}],
+     ?LET(x1, ?DIV(x0, X),
+        {ifte, ?EQ(x1, 0), ?V(dgts), ?call({baseX_digits, X}, [?V(x1), ?ADD(dgts, 1)])}),
+     word}.
+
+builtin_string_reverse() ->
+    {[{"s", string}],
      ?DEREF(n, s,
      ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE)]},
          {seq, [?V(n), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
                 ?call(string_reverse_, [?NXT(s), ?I(0), ?I(31), ?SUB(?V(n), 1)]),
                 {inline_asm, [?A(?POP)]}, ?V(ret)]})),
-        word};
+     word}.
 
-builtin_function(string_reverse_) ->
-    {{builtin, string_reverse_}, [private],
-        [{"p", pointer}, {"x", word}, {"i1", word}, {"i2", word}],
+builtin_string_reverse_() ->
+    {[{"p", pointer}, {"x", word}, {"i1", word}, {"i2", word}],
      {ifte, ?LT(i2, 0),
          {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE), ?A(?MSIZE)]}]},
          ?LET(p1, ?ADD(p, ?MUL(?DIV(i2, 32), 32)),
@@ -464,47 +493,8 @@ builtin_function(string_reverse_) ->
                           [?V(p), ?BSL(b, 31), ?I(30), ?SUB(i2, 1)])]},
              ?call(string_reverse_,
                    [?V(p), ?ADD(x, ?BSL(b, i1)), ?SUB(i1, 1), ?SUB(i2, 1)])})))},
-        word};
-
-builtin_function(base58_int_pad) ->
-    {{builtin, base58_int_pad}, [private],
-        [{"w", word}, {"i", word}, {"x", word}],
-        {ifte, ?GT(?BYTE(i, w), 0),
-            {seq, [?V(i), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                   ?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                   {inline_asm, [?A(?PUSH1), 64, ?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?SUB)]}]},
-            ?call(base58_int_pad, [?V(w), ?ADD(i, 1),
-                                   ?ADD(x, ?BSL(49, ?SUB(31, i)))])},
-        word};
-
-builtin_function(base58_int_encode) ->
-    {{builtin, base58_int_encode}, [private],
-        [{"w", word}],
-        ?LET(ret, {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?PUSH1), 0, ?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}, %% write placeholder
-        ?LET(n, ?call(base58_int_encode_, [?V(w), ?I(0), ?I(0), ?I(31)]),
-            {seq, [?V(ret), {inline_asm, [?A(?DUP2), ?A(?SWAP1), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                   ?V(ret)]})),
-        word};
-
-builtin_function(base58_int_encode_) ->
-    {{builtin, base58_int_encode_}, [private],
-        [{"w", word}, {"x", word}, {"n", word}, {"i", word}],
-        {ifte, ?EQ(w, 0),
-            {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]}, ?V(n)]},
-            {ifte, ?LT(i, 0),
-                {seq, [?V(x), {inline_asm, [?A(?MSIZE), ?A(?MSTORE)]},
-                       ?call(base58_int_encode_,
-                             [?DIV(w, 58), ?BSL(?call(base58_tab, [?MOD(w, 58)]), 31),
-                              ?ADD(n, 1), ?I(30)])]},
-                ?call(base58_int_encode_,
-                    [?DIV(w, 58), ?ADD(x, ?BSL(?call(base58_tab, [?MOD(w, 58)]), i)),
-                     ?ADD(n, 1), ?SUB(i, 1)])}},
-        word};
-
-
-builtin_function(addr_to_str) ->
-    {{builtin, addr_to_str}, [private],
-        [{"a", word}],
-        ?call(base58_int, [?V(a)]),
      word}.
 
+builtin_addr_to_str() ->
+    {[{"a", word}], ?call({baseX_int, 58}, [?V(a)]), word}.
+

src/aeso_compiler.erl

@@ -11,131 +11,372 @@
 -export([ file/1
         , file/2
         , from_string/2
-        , check_call/2
+        , check_call/4
         , create_calldata/3
         , version/0
         , sophia_type_to_typerep/1
+        , to_sophia_value/4
+        , to_sophia_value/5
+        , decode_calldata/3
         ]).
 
 -include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_opcodes.hrl").
 -include("aeso_icode.hrl").
 
 
--type option() :: pp_sophia_code | pp_ast | pp_icode | pp_assembler |
-                  pp_bytecode.
+-type option() :: pp_sophia_code
+                | pp_ast
+                | pp_types
+                | pp_typed_ast
+                | pp_icode
+                | pp_assembler
+                | pp_bytecode
+                | {include, {file_system, [string()]} |
+                            {explicit_files, #{string() => binary()}}}
+                | {src_file, string()}.
 -type options() :: [option()].
 
 -export_type([ option/0
              , options/0
              ]).
 
--define(COMPILER_VERSION_1, 1).
--define(COMPILER_VERSION_2, 2).
-
--define(COMPILER_VERSION, ?COMPILER_VERSION_2).
-
--spec version() -> pos_integer().
+-spec version() -> {ok, binary()} | {error, term()}.
 version() ->
-    ?COMPILER_VERSION.
+    case lists:keyfind(aesophia, 1, application:loaded_applications()) of
+        false ->
+            case application:load(aesophia) of
+                ok ->
+                    case application:get_key(aesophia, vsn) of
+                        {ok, VsnString} ->
+                            {ok, list_to_binary(VsnString)};
+                        undefined ->
+                            {error, failed_to_load_aesophia}
+                    end;
+                Err = {error, _} ->
+                    Err
+            end;
+        {_App, _Des, VsnString} ->
+            {ok, list_to_binary(VsnString)}
+    end.
 
--spec file(string()) -> map().
+-spec file(string()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
 file(Filename) ->
-    file(Filename, []).
+    Dir = filename:dirname(Filename),
+    {ok, Cwd} = file:get_cwd(),
+    file(Filename, [{include, {file_system, [Cwd, Dir]}}]).
 
--spec file(string(), options()) -> map().
-file(Filename, Options) ->
-    C = read_contract(Filename),
-    from_string(C, Options).
+-spec file(string(), options()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
+file(File, Options) ->
+    case read_contract(File) of
+        {ok, Bin} -> from_string(Bin, [{src_file, File} | Options]);
+        {error, Error} ->
+	    ErrorString = [File,": ",file:format_error(Error)],
+	    {error, join_errors("File errors", [ErrorString], fun(E) -> E end)}
+    end.
 
--spec from_string(string(), options()) -> map().
+-spec from_string(binary() | string(), options()) -> {ok, map()} | {error, binary()}.
+from_string(ContractBin, Options) when is_binary(ContractBin) ->
+    from_string(binary_to_list(ContractBin), Options);
 from_string(ContractString, Options) ->
-    Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
-    ok = pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
-    ok = pp_ast(Ast, Options),
-    TypedAst = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, Options),
-    %% pp_types is handled inside aeso_ast_infer_types.
-    ok = pp_typed_ast(TypedAst, Options),
-    ICode = to_icode(TypedAst, Options),
-    TypeInfo = extract_type_info(ICode),
-    ok = pp_icode(ICode, Options),
-    Assembler =  assemble(ICode, Options),
-    ok = pp_assembler(Assembler, Options),
+    try
+        #{icode := Icode} = string_to_icode(ContractString, Options),
+        TypeInfo  = extract_type_info(Icode),
+        Assembler = assemble(Icode, Options),
+        pp_assembler(Assembler, Options),
         ByteCodeList = to_bytecode(Assembler, Options),
         ByteCode = << << B:8 >> || B <- ByteCodeList >>,
-    ok = pp_bytecode(ByteCode, Options),
-    #{byte_code => ByteCode, type_info => TypeInfo,
+        pp_bytecode(ByteCode, Options),
+        {ok, Version} = version(),
+        {ok, #{byte_code => ByteCode,
+               compiler_version => Version,
                contract_source => ContractString,
-      compiler_version => version()}.
+               type_info => TypeInfo
+              }}
+    catch
+        %% The compiler errors.
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun(E) -> E end)};
+        error:{code_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", Errors,
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+        %% General programming errors in the compiler just signal error.
+    end.
+
+-spec string_to_icode(string(), [option() | permissive_address_literals]) -> map().
+string_to_icode(ContractString, Options0) ->
+    {InferOptions, Options} = lists:partition(fun(Opt) -> Opt == permissive_address_literals end, Options0),
+    Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
+    pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
+    pp_ast(Ast, Options),
+    {TypeEnv, TypedAst} = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [return_env | InferOptions]),
+    pp_typed_ast(TypedAst, Options),
+    Icode = ast_to_icode(TypedAst, Options),
+    pp_icode(Icode, Options),
+    #{ typed_ast => TypedAst,
+       type_env  => TypeEnv,
+       icode     => Icode }.
+
+join_errors(Prefix, Errors, Pfun) ->
+    Ess = [ Pfun(E) || E <- Errors ],
+    list_to_binary(string:join([Prefix|Ess], "\n")).
 
 -define(CALL_NAME,   "__call").
+-define(DECODE_NAME, "__decode").
 
 %% Takes a string containing a contract with a declaration/prototype of a
-%% function (foo, say) and a function __call() = foo(args) calling this
+%% function (foo, say) and adds function __call() = foo(args) calling this
 %% function. Returns the name of the called functions, typereps and Erlang
 %% terms for the arguments.
--spec check_call(string(), options()) -> {ok, string(), {[Type], Type | any}, [term()]} | {error, term()}
+%% NOTE: Special treatment for "init" since it might be implicit and has
+%%       a special return type (typerep, T)
+-spec check_call(string(), string(), [string()], options()) -> {ok, string(), {[Type], Type}, [term()]} | {error, term()}
     when Type :: term().
-check_call(ContractString, Options) ->
-    Ast = parse(ContractString, Options),
-    ok = pp_sophia_code(Ast, Options),
-    ok = pp_ast(Ast, Options),
-    TypedAst = aeso_ast_infer_types:infer(Ast, [permissive_address_literals]),
+check_call(Source, "init" = FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    PatchFun = fun(T) -> {tuple, [typerep, T]} end,
+    case check_call(Source, FunName, Args, Options, PatchFun) of
+        Err = {error, _} when Args == [] ->
+            %% Try with default init-function
+            case check_call(insert_init_function(Source, Options), FunName, Args, Options, PatchFun) of
+                {error, _} -> Err; %% The first error is most likely better...
+                Res        -> Res
+            end;
+        Res ->
+            Res
+    end;
+check_call(Source, FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    PatchFun = fun(T) -> T end,
+    check_call(Source, FunName, Args, Options, PatchFun).
+
+check_call(ContractString0, FunName, Args, Options, PatchFun) ->
+    try
+        %% First check the contract without the __call function and no permissive literals
+        #{} = string_to_icode(ContractString0, Options),
+        ContractString = insert_call_function(ContractString0, FunName, Args, Options),
+        #{typed_ast := TypedAst,
+          icode     := Icode} = string_to_icode(ContractString, [permissive_address_literals | Options]),
         {ok, {FunName, {fun_t, _, _, ArgTypes, RetType}}} = get_call_type(TypedAst),
-    ok = pp_typed_ast(TypedAst, Options),
-    Icode = to_icode(TypedAst, Options),
         ArgVMTypes = [ aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(T, Icode) || T <- ArgTypes ],
         RetVMType  = case RetType of
                          {id, _, "_"} -> any;
                          _            -> aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(RetType, Icode)
                      end,
-    ok = pp_icode(Icode, Options),
         #{ functions := Funs } = Icode,
         ArgIcode = get_arg_icode(Funs),
-    try [ icode_to_term(T, Arg) || {T, Arg} <- lists:zip(ArgVMTypes, ArgIcode) ] of
-        ArgTerms ->
-            {ok, FunName, {ArgVMTypes, RetVMType}, ArgTerms}
-    catch throw:Err ->
-        {error, Err}
+        ArgTerms = [ icode_to_term(T, Arg) ||
+                       {T, Arg} <- lists:zip(ArgVMTypes, ArgIcode) ],
+        {ok, FunName, {ArgVMTypes, PatchFun(RetVMType)}, ArgTerms}
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_call_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["missing __call function"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
     end.
 
--spec create_calldata(map(), string(), string()) ->
-                             {ok, aeso_sophia:heap(), aeso_sophia:type(), aeso_sophia:type()}
-                                 | {error, argument_syntax_error}.
-create_calldata(Contract, "", CallCode) when is_map(Contract) ->
-    case check_call(CallCode, []) of
-        {ok, FunName, {ArgTypes, RetType}, Args} ->
-            aeso_abi:create_calldata(Contract, FunName, Args, ArgTypes, RetType);
+%% Add the __call function to a contract.
+-spec insert_call_function(string(), string(), [string()], options()) -> string().
+insert_call_function(Code, FunName, Args, Options) ->
+    Ast = parse(Code, Options),
+    Ind = last_contract_indent(Ast),
+    lists:flatten(
+        [ Code,
+          "\n\n",
+          lists:duplicate(Ind, " "),
+          "function __call() = ", FunName, "(", string:join(Args, ","), ")\n"
+        ]).
+
+-spec insert_init_function(string(), options()) -> string().
+insert_init_function(Code, Options) ->
+    Ast = parse(Code, Options),
+    Ind = last_contract_indent(Ast),
+    lists:flatten(
+        [ Code,
+          "\n\n",
+          lists:duplicate(Ind, " "), "function init() = ()\n"
+        ]).
+
+last_contract_indent(Decls) ->
+    case lists:last(Decls) of
+        {_, _, _, [Decl | _]} -> aeso_syntax:get_ann(col, Decl, 1) - 1;
+        _                     -> 0
+    end.
+
+-spec to_sophia_value(string(), string(), ok | error | revert, aeb_aevm_data:data()) ->
+        {ok, aeso_syntax:expr()} | {error, term()}.
+to_sophia_value(ContractString, Fun, ResType, Data) ->
+    to_sophia_value(ContractString, Fun, ResType, Data, []).
+
+-spec to_sophia_value(string(), string(), ok | error | revert, binary(), options()) ->
+        {ok, aeso_syntax:expr()} | {error, term()}.
+to_sophia_value(_, _, error, Err, _Options) ->
+    {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "error"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
+to_sophia_value(_, _, revert, Data, _Options) ->
+    case aeb_heap:from_binary(string, Data) of
+        {ok, Err} -> {ok, {app, [], {id, [], "abort"}, [{string, [], Err}]}};
         {error, _} = Err -> Err
     end;
-create_calldata(Contract, Function, Argument) when is_map(Contract) ->
-    %% Slightly hacky shortcut to let you get away without writing the full
-    %% call contract code.
-    %% Function should be "foo : type", and
-    %% Argument should be "Arg1, Arg2, .., ArgN" (no parens)
-    case string:lexemes(Function, ": ") of
-                     %% If function is a single word fallback to old calldata generation
-        [FunName] -> aeso_abi:old_create_calldata(Contract, FunName, Argument);
-        [FunName | _] ->
-            Args    = lists:map(fun($\n) -> 32; (X) -> X end, Argument),    %% newline to space
-            CallContract = lists:flatten(
-                [ "contract Call =\n"
-                , "  function ", Function, "\n"
-                , "  function __call() = ", FunName, "(", Args, ")"
-                ]),
-            create_calldata(Contract, "", CallContract)
+to_sophia_value(ContractString, FunName, ok, Data, Options) ->
+    try
+        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst,
+           type_env  := TypeEnv,
+           icode     := Icode } = string_to_icode(ContractString, Options),
+        {ok, _, Type0} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
+        Type   = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
+        VmType = aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode),
+        case aeb_heap:from_binary(VmType, Data) of
+            {ok, VmValue} ->
+                try
+                    {ok, translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, VmValue)}
+                catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                    Type0Str = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
+                    {error, join_errors("Translation error", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate VM value ~p\n  of type ~p\n  to Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                            [Data, VmType, Type0Str]))],
+                                        fun (E) -> E end)}
+                end;
+            {error, _Err} ->
+                {error, join_errors("Decode errors", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Failed to decode binary at type ~p", [VmType]))],
+                                    fun(E) -> E end)}
+        end
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["no function: '" ++ FunName ++ "'"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
+    end.
+
+address_literal(N) -> {hash, [], <<N:256>>}.  % TODO
+
+%% TODO: somewhere else
+-spec translate_vm_value(aeb_aevm_data:type(), aeso_syntax:type(), aeb_aevm_data:data()) -> aeso_syntax:expr().
+translate_vm_value(word,   {id, _, "address"},                     N) -> address_literal(N);
+translate_vm_value(word,   {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle"}, _},       N) -> address_literal(N);
+translate_vm_value(word,   {app_t, _, {id, _, "oracle_query"}, _}, N) -> address_literal(N);
+translate_vm_value(word,   {id, _, "hash"},    N) -> {hash, [], <<N:256>>};
+translate_vm_value(word,   {id, _, "int"},     N) -> {int, [], N};
+translate_vm_value(word,   {id, _, "bits"},    N) -> error({todo, bits, N});
+translate_vm_value(word,   {id, _, "bool"},    N) -> {bool, [], N /= 0};
+translate_vm_value({tuple, [word, word]}, {id, _, "signature"}, {tuple, [Hi, Lo]}) ->
+    {hash, [], <<Hi:256, Lo:256>>};
+translate_vm_value(string, {id, _, "string"}, S) -> {string, [], S};
+translate_vm_value({list, VmType}, {app_t, _, {id, _, "list"}, [Type]}, List) ->
+    {list, [], [translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, X) || X <- List]};
+translate_vm_value({option, VmType}, {app_t, _, {id, _, "option"}, [Type]}, Val) ->
+    case Val of
+        none              -> {con, [], "None"};
+        {some, X}         -> {app, [], {con, [], "Some"}, [translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, X)]}
+    end;
+translate_vm_value({variant, [[], [VmType]]}, {app_t, _, {id, _, "option"}, [Type]}, Val) ->
+    case Val of
+        {variant, 0, []}  -> {con, [], "None"};
+        {variant, 1, [X]} -> {app, [], {con, [], "Some"}, [translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, X)]}
+    end;
+translate_vm_value({tuple, VmTypes}, {tuple_t, _, Types}, Val)
+        when length(VmTypes) == length(Types),
+             length(VmTypes) == tuple_size(Val) ->
+    {tuple, [], [translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, X)
+                 || {VmType, Type, X} <- lists:zip3(VmTypes, Types, tuple_to_list(Val))]};
+translate_vm_value({tuple, VmTypes}, {record_t, Fields}, Val)
+        when length(VmTypes) == length(Fields),
+             length(VmTypes) == tuple_size(Val) ->
+    {record, [], [ {field, [], [{proj, [], FName}], translate_vm_value(VmType, FType, X)}
+                   || {VmType, {field_t, _, FName, FType}, X} <- lists:zip3(VmTypes, Fields, tuple_to_list(Val)) ]};
+translate_vm_value({map, VmKeyType, VmValType}, {app_t, _, {id, _, "map"}, [KeyType, ValType]}, Map)
+        when is_map(Map) ->
+    {map, [], [ {translate_vm_value(VmKeyType, KeyType, Key),
+                 translate_vm_value(VmValType, ValType, Val)}
+                || {Key, Val} <- maps:to_list(Map) ]};
+translate_vm_value({variant, VmCons}, {variant_t, Cons}, {variant, Tag, Args})
+        when length(VmCons) == length(Cons),
+             length(VmCons) > Tag ->
+    VmTypes = lists:nth(Tag + 1, VmCons),
+    ConType = lists:nth(Tag + 1, Cons),
+    translate_vm_value(VmTypes, ConType, Args);
+translate_vm_value(VmTypes, {constr_t, _, Con, Types}, Args)
+        when length(VmTypes) == length(Types),
+             length(VmTypes) == length(Args) ->
+    {app, [], Con, [ translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, Arg)
+                     || {VmType, Type, Arg} <- lists:zip3(VmTypes, Types, Args) ]};
+translate_vm_value(_VmType, _Type, _Data) ->
+    throw(cannot_translate_to_sophia).
+
+-spec create_calldata(string(), string(), [string()]) ->
+                             {ok, binary(), aeb_aevm_data:type(), aeb_aevm_data:type()}
+                             | {error, term()}.
+create_calldata(Code, Fun, Args) ->
+    case check_call(Code, Fun, Args, []) of
+        {ok, FunName, {ArgTypes, RetType}, VMArgs} ->
+            aeb_abi:create_calldata(FunName, VMArgs, ArgTypes, RetType);
+        {error, _} = Err -> Err
+    end.
+
+-spec decode_calldata(string(), string(), binary()) ->
+                             {ok, [aeso_syntax:type()], [aeso_syntax:expr()]}
+                             | {error, term()}.
+decode_calldata(ContractString, FunName, Calldata) ->
+    try
+        #{ typed_ast := TypedAst,
+           type_env  := TypeEnv,
+           icode     := Icode } = string_to_icode(ContractString, []),
+        {ok, Args, _} = get_decode_type(FunName, TypedAst),
+        DropArg       = fun({arg, _, _, T}) -> T; (T) -> T end,
+        ArgTypes      = lists:map(DropArg, Args),
+        Type0         = {tuple_t, [], ArgTypes},
+        Type   = aeso_ast_infer_types:unfold_types_in_type(TypeEnv, Type0, [unfold_record_types, unfold_variant_types]),
+        VmType = aeso_ast_to_icode:ast_typerep(Type, Icode),
+        case aeb_heap:from_binary({tuple, [word, VmType]}, Calldata) of
+            {ok, {_, VmValue}} ->
+                try
+                    {tuple, [], Values} = translate_vm_value(VmType, Type, VmValue),
+                    {ok, ArgTypes, Values}
+                catch throw:cannot_translate_to_sophia ->
+                    Type0Str = prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:type(Type0)),
+                    {error, join_errors("Translation error", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Cannot translate VM value ~p\n  of type ~p\n  to Sophia type ~s\n",
+                                                                            [VmValue, VmType, Type0Str]))],
+                                        fun (E) -> E end)}
+                end;
+            {error, _Err} ->
+                {error, join_errors("Decode errors", [lists:flatten(io_lib:format("Failed to decode binary at type ~p", [VmType]))],
+                                    fun(E) -> E end)}
+        end
+    catch
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Parse errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", Errors, fun (E) -> E end)};
+        error:{badmatch, {error, missing_function}} ->
+            {error, join_errors("Type errors", ["no function: '" ++ FunName ++ "'"],
+                                fun (E) -> E end)};
+        throw:Error ->                          %Don't ask
+            {error, join_errors("Code errors", [Error],
+                                fun (E) -> io_lib:format("~p", [E]) end)}
     end.
 
 
 get_arg_icode(Funs) ->
-    [Args] = [ Args || {?CALL_NAME, _, _, {funcall, _, Args}, _} <- Funs ],
-    Args.
+    case [ Args || {[_, ?CALL_NAME], _, _, {funcall, _, Args}, _} <- Funs ] of
+        [Args] -> Args;
+        []     -> error({missing_call_function, Funs})
+    end.
 
 get_call_type([{contract, _, _, Defs}]) ->
-    case [ {FunName, FunType}
+    case [ {lists:last(QFunName), FunType}
           || {letfun, _, {id, _, ?CALL_NAME}, [], _Ret,
                 {typed, _,
                     {app, _,
-                        {typed, _, {id, _, FunName}, FunType}, _}, _}} <- Defs ] of
+                        {typed, _, {qid, _, QFunName}, FunType}, _}, _}} <- Defs ] of
         [Call] -> {ok, Call};
         []     -> {error, missing_call_function}
     end;
@@ -143,8 +384,20 @@ get_call_type([_ | Contracts]) ->
     %% The __call should be in the final contract
     get_call_type(Contracts).
 
+get_decode_type(FunName, [{contract, _, _, Defs}]) ->
+    GetType = fun({letfun, _, {id, _, Name}, Args, Ret, _})               when Name == FunName -> [{Args, Ret}];
+                 ({fun_decl, _, {id, _, Name}, {fun_t, _, _, Args, Ret}}) when Name == FunName -> [{Args, Ret}];
+                 (_) -> [] end,
+    case lists:flatmap(GetType, Defs) of
+        [{Args, Ret}] -> {ok, Args, Ret};
+        []            -> {error, missing_function}
+    end;
+get_decode_type(FunName, [_ | Contracts]) ->
+    %% The __decode should be in the final contract
+    get_decode_type(FunName, Contracts).
+
 %% Translate an icode value (error if not value) to an Erlang term that can be
-%% consumed by aeso_heap:to_binary().
+%% consumed by aeb_heap:to_binary().
 icode_to_term(word, {integer, N}) -> N;
 icode_to_term(string, {tuple, [{integer, Len} | Words]}) ->
     <<Str:Len/binary, _/binary>> = << <<W:256>> || {integer, W} <- Words >>,
@@ -177,10 +430,7 @@ icode_to_term(T, V) ->
 icodes_to_terms(Ts, Vs) ->
     [ icode_to_term(T, V) || {T, V} <- lists:zip(Ts, Vs) ].
 
-parse(C,_Options) ->
-    parse_string(C).
-
-to_icode(TypedAst, Options) ->
+ast_to_icode(TypedAst, Options) ->
     aeso_ast_to_icode:convert_typed(TypedAst, Options).
 
 assemble(Icode, Options) ->
@@ -194,7 +444,9 @@ to_bytecode([Op|Rest], Options) ->
 to_bytecode([], _) -> [].
 
 extract_type_info(#{functions := Functions} =_Icode) ->
-    TypeInfo = [aeso_abi:function_type_info(list_to_binary(Name), Args, TypeRep)
+    ArgTypesOnly = fun(As) -> [ T || {_, T} <- As ] end,
+    TypeInfo = [aeb_abi:function_type_info(list_to_binary(lists:last(Name)),
+                                            ArgTypesOnly(Args), TypeRep)
                 || {Name, Attrs, Args,_Body, TypeRep} <- Functions,
                    not is_tuple(Name),
                    not lists:member(private, Attrs)
@@ -229,9 +481,9 @@ sophia_type_to_typerep(String) ->
     catch _:_ -> {error, bad_type}
     end.
 
-parse_string(Text) ->
+parse(Text, Options) ->
     %% Try and return something sensible here!
-    case aeso_parser:string(Text) of
+    case aeso_parser:string(Text, Options) of
         %% Yay, it worked!
         {ok, Contract} -> Contract;
         %% Scan errors.
@@ -244,16 +496,23 @@ parse_string(Text) ->
             parse_error(Pos, Error);
         {error, {Pos, ambiguous_parse, As}} ->
             ErrorString = io_lib:format("Ambiguous ~p", [As]),
-            parse_error(Pos, ErrorString)
+            parse_error(Pos, ErrorString);
+        %% Include error
+        {error, {Pos, include_error, File}} ->
+            parse_error(Pos, io_lib:format("could not find include file '~s'", [File]))
     end.
 
-parse_error({Line,Pos}, ErrorString) ->
-    Error = io_lib:format("line ~p, column ~p: ~s", [Line,Pos,ErrorString]),
-    error({parse_errors,[Error]}).
+parse_error(Pos, ErrorString) ->
+    Error = io_lib:format("~s: ~s", [pos_error(Pos), ErrorString]),
+    error({parse_errors, [Error]}).
 
 read_contract(Name) ->
-    {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(filename:join(contract_path(), lists:concat([Name, ".aes"]))),
-    binary_to_list(Bin).
+    file:read_file(Name).
+
+pos_error({Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("line ~p, column ~p", [Line, Pos]);
+pos_error({no_file, Line, Pos}) ->
+    pos_error({Line, Pos});
+pos_error({File, Line, Pos}) ->
+    io_lib:format("file ~s, line ~p, column ~p", [File, Line, Pos]).
 
-contract_path() ->
-    "apps/aesophia/test/contracts".

src/aeso_heap.erl

@@ -1,301 +0,0 @@
--module(aeso_heap).
-
--export([ to_binary/1
-        , to_binary/2
-        , from_heap/3
-        , from_binary/2
-        , from_binary/3
-        , maps_with_next_id/1
-        , set_next_id/2
-        , heap_fragment/3
-        , heap_value/3
-        , heap_value/4
-        , heap_value_pointer/1
-        , heap_value_maps/1
-        , heap_value_offset/1
-        , heap_value_heap/1
-        , heap_fragment_maps/1
-        , heap_fragment_offset/1
-        , heap_fragment_heap/1
-        ]).
-
--export_type([binary_value/0, heap_value/0, offset/0, heap_fragment/0]).
-
--include("aeso_icode.hrl").
--include_lib("aesophia/include/aeso_heap.hrl").
-
--type word()            :: non_neg_integer().
--type pointer()         :: word().
--opaque heap_fragment() :: #heap{}.
--type offset()          :: non_neg_integer().
--type binary_value()    :: binary().
--type heap_value()      :: {pointer(), heap_fragment()}.
-
-
--spec maps_with_next_id(heap_fragment()) -> #maps{}.
-%% Create just a maps value, don't keep rest of Heap
-maps_with_next_id(#heap{maps = #maps{next_id = N}}) ->
-    #maps{ next_id = N }.
-
--spec set_next_id(heap_fragment(), non_neg_integer()) -> heap_fragment().
-set_next_id(Heap, N) -> 
-    Heap#heap{ maps = Heap#heap.maps#maps{ next_id = N } }.
-
-%% -- data type heap_fragment
-
--spec heap_fragment(binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}) -> heap_fragment().
-heap_fragment(Heap) ->
-    heap_fragment(#maps{ next_id = 0 }, 0, Heap).
-
--spec heap_fragment(#maps{}, offset(), 
-                    binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}) -> heap_fragment().
-heap_fragment(Maps, Offset, Heap) ->
-    #heap{maps = Maps, offset = Offset, heap = Heap}.
-
--spec heap_fragment_maps(heap_fragment()) -> #maps{}.
-heap_fragment_maps(#heap{maps = Maps}) ->
-    Maps.
-
--spec heap_fragment_offset(heap_fragment()) -> offset().
-heap_fragment_offset(#heap{offset = Offs}) ->
-    Offs.
-
--spec heap_fragment_heap(heap_fragment()) -> binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}.
-heap_fragment_heap(#heap{heap = Heap}) ->
-    Heap.
-
-
-%% -- data type heap_value
-
--spec heap_value(#maps{}, pointer(), 
-                 binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}) -> heap_value().
-heap_value(Maps, Ptr, Heap) ->
-    heap_value(Maps, Ptr, Heap, 0).
-
--spec heap_value(#maps{}, pointer(), 
-                 binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}, offset()) -> heap_value().
-heap_value(Maps, Ptr, Heap, Offs) ->
-    {Ptr, heap_fragment(Maps, Offs, Heap)}.
-
--spec heap_value_pointer(heap_value()) -> pointer().
-heap_value_pointer({Ptr, _}) -> Ptr.
-
--spec heap_value_maps(heap_value()) -> #maps{}.
-heap_value_maps({_, Heap}) -> Heap#heap.maps.
-
--spec heap_value_offset(heap_value()) -> offset().
-heap_value_offset({_, Heap}) -> Heap#heap.offset.
-
--spec heap_value_heap(heap_value()) -> 
-                             binary() | #{non_neg_integer() => non_neg_integer()}.
-heap_value_heap({_, Heap}) -> Heap#heap.heap.
-    
-%% -- Value to binary --------------------------------------------------------
-
--spec to_binary(aeso_sophia:data()) -> aeso_sophia:heap().
-%% Encode the data as a heap where the first word is the value (for unboxed
-%% types) or a pointer to the value (for boxed types).
-to_binary(Data) ->
-    to_binary(Data, 0).
-
-to_binary(Data, BaseAddress) ->
-    {Address, Memory} = to_binary1(Data, BaseAddress + 32),
-    R = <<Address:256, Memory/binary>>,
-    R.
-
-
-%% Allocate the data in memory, from the given address.  Return a pair
-%% of memory contents from that address and the value representing the
-%% data.
-to_binary1(Data,_Address) when is_integer(Data) ->
-    {Data,<<>>};
-to_binary1(Data, Address) when is_binary(Data) ->
-    %% a string
-    Words = aeso_memory:binary_to_words(Data),
-    {Address,<<(size(Data)):256, << <<W:256>> || W <- Words>>/binary>>};
-to_binary1(none, Address)            -> to_binary1({variant, 0, []}, Address);
-to_binary1({some, Value}, Address)   -> to_binary1({variant, 1, [Value]}, Address);
-to_binary1(word, Address)            -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_WORD_TAG}, Address);
-to_binary1(string, Address)          -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_STRING_TAG}, Address);
-to_binary1(typerep, Address)         -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_TYPEREP_TAG}, Address);
-to_binary1(function, Address)        -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_FUN_TAG}, Address);
-to_binary1({list, T}, Address)       -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_LIST_TAG, T}, Address);
-to_binary1({option, T}, Address)     -> to_binary1({variant, [[], [T]]}, Address);
-to_binary1({tuple, Ts}, Address)     -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_TUPLE_TAG, Ts}, Address);
-to_binary1({variant, Cons}, Address) -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_VARIANT_TAG, Cons}, Address);
-to_binary1({map, K, V}, Address)     -> to_binary1({?TYPEREP_MAP_TAG, K, V}, Address);
-to_binary1({variant, Tag, Args}, Address) ->
-    to_binary1(list_to_tuple([Tag | Args]), Address);
-to_binary1(Map, Address) when is_map(Map) ->
-    Size = maps:size(Map),
-    %% Sort according to binary ordering
-    KVs = lists:sort([ {to_binary(K), to_binary(V)} || {K, V} <- maps:to_list(Map) ]),
-    {Address, <<Size:256, << <<(byte_size(K)):256, K/binary,
-                               (byte_size(V)):256, V/binary>> || {K, V} <- KVs >>/binary >>};
-to_binary1({}, _Address) ->
-    {0, <<>>};
-to_binary1(Data, Address) when is_tuple(Data) ->
-    {Elems,Memory} = to_binaries(tuple_to_list(Data),Address+32*size(Data)),
-    ElemsBin = << <<W:256>> || W <- Elems>>,
-    {Address,<< ElemsBin/binary, Memory/binary >>};
-to_binary1([],_Address) ->
-    <<Nil:256>> = <<(-1):256>>,
-    {Nil,<<>>};
-to_binary1([H|T],Address) ->
-    to_binary1({H,T},Address).
-
-
-to_binaries([],_Address) ->
-    {[],<<>>};
-to_binaries([H|T],Address) ->
-    {HRep,HMem} = to_binary1(H,Address),
-    {TRep,TMem} = to_binaries(T,Address+size(HMem)),
-    {[HRep|TRep],<<HMem/binary, TMem/binary>>}.
-
-%% Interpret a return value (a binary) using a type rep.
-
--spec from_heap(Type :: ?Type(), Heap :: binary(), Ptr :: integer()) ->
-        {ok, term()} | {error, term()}.
-from_heap(Type, Heap, Ptr) ->
-    try {ok, from_binary(#{}, Type, Heap, Ptr)}
-    catch _:Err ->
-        %% io:format("** Error: from_heap failed with ~p\n  ~p\n", [Err, erlang:get_stacktrace()]),
-        {error, Err}
-    end.
-
-%% Base address is the address of the first word of the given heap.
--spec from_binary(T :: ?Type(),
-                  Heap :: binary(),
-                  BaseAddr :: non_neg_integer()) ->
-        {ok, term()} | {error, term()}.
-from_binary(T, Heap = <<V:256, _/binary>>, BaseAddr) ->
-    from_heap(T, <<0:BaseAddr/unit:8, Heap/binary>>, V);
-from_binary(_, Bin, _BaseAddr) ->
-    {error, {binary_too_short, Bin}}.
-
--spec from_binary(?Type(), binary()) -> {ok, term()} | {error, term()}.
-from_binary(T, Heap) ->
-    from_binary(T, Heap, 0).
-
-from_binary(_, word, _, V) ->
-    V;
-from_binary(_, signed_word, _, V) ->
-    <<N:256/signed>> = <<V:256>>,
-    N;
-from_binary(_, bool, _, V) ->
-    case V of
-        0 -> false;
-        1 -> true
-    end;
-from_binary(_, string, Heap, V) ->
-    StringSize = heap_word(Heap,V),
-    BitAddr = 8*(V+32),
-    <<_:BitAddr,Bytes:StringSize/binary,_/binary>> = Heap,
-    Bytes;
-from_binary(_, {tuple, []}, _, _) ->
-    {};
-from_binary(Visited, {tuple,Cpts}, Heap, V) ->
-    check_circular_refs(Visited, V),
-    NewVisited = Visited#{V => true},
-    ElementNums = lists:seq(0, length(Cpts)-1),
-    TypesAndPointers = lists:zip(Cpts, ElementNums),
-    ElementAddress = fun(Index) -> V + 32 * Index end,
-    Element = fun(Index) ->
-                      heap_word(Heap, ElementAddress(Index))
-              end,
-    Convert = fun(Type, Index) ->
-                from_binary(NewVisited, Type, Heap, Element(Index))
-              end,
-    Elements = [Convert(T, I) || {T,I} <- TypesAndPointers],
-    list_to_tuple(Elements);
-from_binary(Visited, {list, Elem}, Heap, V) ->
-    <<Nil:256>> = <<(-1):256>>,
-    if V==Nil ->
-          [];
-       true ->
-          {H,T} = from_binary(Visited, {tuple,[Elem,{list,Elem}]},Heap,V),
-          [H|T]
-    end;
-from_binary(Visited, {option, A}, Heap, V) ->
-    from_binary(Visited, {variant_t, [{none, []}, {some, [A]}]}, Heap, V);
-from_binary(Visited, {variant, Cons}, Heap, V) ->
-    Tag      = heap_word(Heap, V),
-    Args     = lists:nth(Tag + 1, Cons),
-    Visited1 = Visited#{V => true},
-    {variant, Tag, tuple_to_list(from_binary(Visited1, {tuple, Args}, Heap, V + 32))};
-from_binary(Visited, {variant_t, TCons}, Heap, V) ->   %% Tagged variants
-    {Tags, Cons} = lists:unzip(TCons),
-    {variant, I, Args} = from_binary(Visited, {variant, Cons}, Heap, V),
-    Tag = lists:nth(I + 1, Tags),
-    case Args of
-        []  -> Tag;
-        _   -> list_to_tuple([Tag | Args])
-    end;
-from_binary(_Visited, {map, A, B}, Heap, Ptr) ->
-    %% FORMAT: [Size] [KeySize] Key [ValSize] Val .. [KeySize] Key [ValSize] Val
-    Size = heap_word(Heap, Ptr),
-    map_binary_to_value(A, B, Size, Heap, Ptr + 32);
-from_binary(Visited, typerep, Heap, V) ->
-    check_circular_refs(Visited, V),
-    Tag = heap_word(Heap, V),
-    Arg1 = fun(T, I) -> from_binary(Visited#{V => true}, T, Heap, heap_word(Heap, V + 32 * I)) end,
-    Arg  = fun(T) -> Arg1(T, 1) end,
-    case Tag of
-        ?TYPEREP_WORD_TAG    -> word;
-        ?TYPEREP_STRING_TAG  -> string;
-        ?TYPEREP_TYPEREP_TAG -> typerep;
-        ?TYPEREP_LIST_TAG    -> {list,    Arg(typerep)};
-        ?TYPEREP_TUPLE_TAG   -> {tuple,   Arg({list, typerep})};
-        ?TYPEREP_VARIANT_TAG -> {variant, Arg({list, {list, typerep}})};
-        ?TYPEREP_MAP_TAG     -> {map,     Arg(typerep), Arg1(typerep, 2)};
-        ?TYPEREP_FUN_TAG     -> function
-    end.
-
-map_binary_to_value(KeyType, ValType, N, Bin, Ptr) ->
-    %% Avoid looping on bogus sizes
-    MaxN = byte_size(Bin) div 64,
-    Heap = heap_fragment(Bin),
-    map_from_binary({value, KeyType, ValType}, min(N, MaxN), Heap, Ptr, #{}).
-
-map_from_binary(_, 0, _, _, Map) -> Map;
-map_from_binary({value, KeyType, ValType} = Output, I, Heap, Ptr, Map) ->
-    KeySize = get_word(Heap, Ptr),
-    KeyPtr  = Ptr + 32,
-    KeyBin  = get_chunk(Heap, KeyPtr, KeySize),
-    ValSize = get_word(Heap, KeyPtr + KeySize),
-    ValPtr  = KeyPtr + KeySize + 32,
-    ValBin  = get_chunk(Heap, ValPtr, ValSize),
-    %% Keys and values are self contained binaries
-    {ok, Key} = from_binary(KeyType, KeyBin),
-    {ok, Val} = from_binary(ValType, ValBin),
-    map_from_binary(Output, I - 1, Heap, ValPtr + ValSize,  Map#{Key => Val}).
-
-check_circular_refs(Visited, V) ->
-    case maps:is_key(V, Visited) of
-        true ->  exit(circular_references);
-        false -> ok
-    end.
-
-heap_word(Heap, Addr) when is_binary(Heap) ->
-    BitSize = 8*Addr,
-    <<_:BitSize,W:256,_/binary>> = Heap,
-    W;
-heap_word(Heap, Addr) when is_map(Heap) ->
-    0 = Addr rem 32, %% Check that it's word aligned.
-    maps:get(Addr, Heap, 0).
-
-get_word(#heap{offset = Offs, heap = Mem}, Addr) when Addr >= Offs ->
-    get_word(Mem, Addr - Offs);
-get_word(Mem, Addr) when is_binary(Mem) ->
-    <<_:Addr/unit:8, Word:256, _/binary>> = Mem,
-    Word.
-
-get_chunk(#heap{offset = Offs, heap = Mem}, Addr, Bytes) when Addr >= Offs ->
-    get_chunk(Mem, Addr - Offs, Bytes);
-get_chunk(Mem, Addr, Bytes) when is_binary(Mem) ->
-    <<_:Addr/unit:8, Chunk:Bytes/binary, _/binary>> = Mem,
-    Chunk.
-
-
-
-

src/aeso_icode.erl

@@ -9,19 +9,30 @@
 %%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(aeso_icode).
 
--export([new/1, pp/1, set_name/2, set_functions/2, map_typerep/2, option_typerep/1, get_constructor_tag/2]).
+-export([new/1,
+         pp/1,
+         set_name/2,
+         set_namespace/2,
+         enter_namespace/2,
+         get_namespace/1,
+         qualify/2,
+         set_functions/2,
+         map_typerep/2,
+         option_typerep/1,
+         get_constructor_tag/2]).
+
 -export_type([icode/0]).
 
 -include("aeso_icode.hrl").
 
--type type_def() :: fun(([aeso_sophia:type()]) -> aeso_sophia:type()).
+-type type_def() :: fun(([aeb_aevm_data:type()]) -> aeb_aevm_data:type()).
 
 -type bindings() :: any().
 -type fun_dec() :: { string()
                    , [modifier()]
                    , arg_list()
                    , expr()
-                   , aeso_sophia:type()}.
+                   , aeb_aevm_data:type()}.
 
 -type modifier() :: private | stateful.
 
@@ -29,12 +40,13 @@
 
 -type icode() :: #{ contract_name => string()
                   , functions => [fun_dec()]
+                  , namespace => aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon()
                   , env => [bindings()]
-                  , state_type => aeso_sophia:type()
-                  , event_type => aeso_sophia:type()
+                  , state_type => aeb_aevm_data:type()
+                  , event_type => aeb_aevm_data:type()
                   , types => #{ type_name() => type_def() }
-                  , type_vars => #{ string() => aeso_sophia:type() }
-                  , constructors => #{ string() => integer() }  %% name to tag
+                  , type_vars => #{ string() => aeb_aevm_data:type() }
+                  , constructors => #{ [string()] => integer() }  %% name to tag
                   , options => [any()]
                   }.
 
@@ -59,6 +71,7 @@ builtin_types() ->
     Word = fun([]) -> word end,
     #{ "bool"         => Word
      , "int"          => Word
+     , "bits"         => Word
      , "string"       => fun([]) -> string end
      , "address"      => Word
      , "hash"         => Word
@@ -72,10 +85,10 @@ builtin_types() ->
      }.
 
 builtin_constructors() ->
-    #{ "RelativeTTL" => 0
-     , "FixedTTL"    => 1
-     , "None"        => 0
-     , "Some"        => 1 }.
+    #{ ["RelativeTTL"] => 0
+     , ["FixedTTL"]    => 1
+     , ["None"]        => 0
+     , ["Some"]        => 1 }.
 
 map_typerep(K, V) ->
     {map, K, V}.
@@ -90,11 +103,30 @@ new_env() ->
 set_name(Name, Icode) ->
     maps:put(contract_name, Name, Icode).
 
+-spec set_namespace(aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon(), icode()) -> icode().
+set_namespace(NS, Icode) -> Icode#{ namespace => NS }.
+
+-spec enter_namespace(aeso_syntax:con(), icode()) -> icode().
+enter_namespace(NS, Icode = #{ namespace := NS1 }) ->
+    Icode#{ namespace => aeso_syntax:qualify(NS1, NS) };
+enter_namespace(NS, Icode) ->
+    Icode#{ namespace => NS }.
+
+-spec get_namespace(icode()) -> false | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon().
+get_namespace(Icode) -> maps:get(namespace, Icode, false).
+
+-spec qualify(aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:con(), icode()) -> aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:qid() | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon().
+qualify(X, Icode) ->
+    case get_namespace(Icode) of
+        false -> X;
+        NS    -> aeso_syntax:qualify(NS, X)
+    end.
+
 -spec set_functions([fun_dec()], icode()) -> icode().
 set_functions(NewFuns, Icode) ->
     maps:put(functions, NewFuns, Icode).
 
--spec get_constructor_tag(string(), icode()) -> integer().
+-spec get_constructor_tag([string()], icode()) -> integer().
 get_constructor_tag(Name, #{constructors := Constructors}) ->
     case maps:get(Name, Constructors, undefined) of
         undefined -> error({undefined_constructor, Name});

src/aeso_icode.hrl

@@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
 
--define(Type(), aeso_sophia:type()).
-
--define(TYPEREP_WORD_TAG,   0).
--define(TYPEREP_STRING_TAG, 1).
--define(TYPEREP_LIST_TAG,   2).
--define(TYPEREP_TUPLE_TAG,  3).
--define(TYPEREP_VARIANT_TAG, 4).
--define(TYPEREP_TYPEREP_TAG, 5).
--define(TYPEREP_MAP_TAG,     6).
--define(TYPEREP_FUN_TAG,     7).
+-include_lib("aebytecode/include/aeb_typerep_def.hrl").
 
 -record(arg, {name::string(), type::?Type()}).
 
@@ -20,7 +11,7 @@
                  , args :: arg_list()
                  , body :: expr()}).
 
--record(var_ref, { name :: string() | {builtin, atom() | tuple()}}).
+-record(var_ref, { name :: string() | list(string()) | {builtin, atom() | tuple()}}).
 
 -record(prim_call_contract,
     { gas      :: expr()

src/aeso_icode_to_asm.erl

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 i(Code) -> aeb_opcodes:mnemonic(Code).
 
 %% We don't track purity or statefulness in the type checker yet.
-is_stateful({FName, _, _, _, _}) -> FName /= "init".
+is_stateful({FName, _, _, _, _}) -> lists:last(FName) /= "init".
 
 is_public({_Name, Attrs, _Args, _Body, _Type}) -> not lists:member(private, Attrs).
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ make_args(Args) ->
 
 fun_hash({FName, _, Args, _, TypeRep}) ->
     ArgType = {tuple, [T || {_, T} <- Args]},
-    <<Hash:256>> = aeso_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(FName), ArgType, TypeRep),
+    <<Hash:256>> = aeb_abi:function_type_hash(list_to_binary(lists:last(FName)), ArgType, TypeRep),
     {integer, Hash}.
 
 %% Expects two return addresses below N elements on the stack. Picks the top
@@ -562,6 +562,8 @@ assemble_infix('^')    -> i(?EXP);
 assemble_infix('bor')  -> i(?OR);
 assemble_infix('band') -> i(?AND);
 assemble_infix('bxor') -> i(?XOR);
+assemble_infix('bsl')  -> i(?SHL);
+assemble_infix('bsr')  -> i(?SHR);
 assemble_infix('<')    -> i(?SLT);    %% comparisons are SIGNED
 assemble_infix('>')    -> i(?SGT);
 assemble_infix('==')   -> i(?EQ);

src/aeso_icode_to_fate.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+%%% @author Ulf Norell
+%%% @copyright (C) 2019, Aeternity Anstalt
+%%% @doc
+%%%     Fate backend for Sophia compiler
+%%% @end
+%%% Created : 11 Jan 2019
+%%%
+%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
+-module(aeso_icode_to_fate).
+
+-include("aeso_icode.hrl").
+
+-export([compile/2]).
+
+%% -- Preamble ---------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-define(TODO(What), error({todo, ?FILE, ?LINE, ?FUNCTION_NAME, What})).
+
+-define(i(__X__), {immediate, __X__}).
+-define(a, {stack, 0}).
+
+-record(env, { args = [], stack = [], tailpos = true }).
+
+%% -- Debugging --------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% debug(Options, Fmt) -> debug(Options, Fmt, []).
+debug(Options, Fmt, Args) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(debug, Options, true) of
+        true  -> io:format(Fmt, Args);
+        false -> ok
+    end.
+
+%% -- Main -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% @doc Main entry point.
+compile(ICode, Options) ->
+    #{ contract_name := _ContractName,
+       state_type    := _StateType,
+       functions     := Functions } = ICode,
+    SFuns  = functions_to_scode(Functions, Options),
+    SFuns1 = optimize_scode(SFuns, Options),
+    to_basic_blocks(SFuns1, Options).
+
+functions_to_scode(Functions, Options) ->
+    maps:from_list(
+        [ {list_to_binary(Name), function_to_scode(Name, Args, Body, Type, Options)}
+        || {Name, _Ann, Args, Body, Type} <- Functions, Name /= "init" ]).  %% TODO: skip init for now
+
+function_to_scode(Name, Args, Body, Type, Options) ->
+    debug(Options, "Compiling ~p ~p : ~p ->\n  ~p\n", [Name, Args, Type, Body]),
+    ArgTypes = [ icode_type_to_fate(T) || {_, T} <- Args ],
+    ResType  = icode_type_to_fate(Type),
+    SCode    = to_scode(init_env(Args), Body),
+    debug(Options, "  scode: ~p\n", [SCode]),
+    {{ArgTypes, ResType}, SCode}.
+
+%% -- Types ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+%% TODO: the Fate types don't seem to be specified anywhere...
+icode_type_to_fate(word)           -> integer;
+icode_type_to_fate(string)         -> string;
+icode_type_to_fate({tuple, Types}) ->
+    {tuple, lists:map(fun icode_type_to_fate/1, Types)};
+icode_type_to_fate({list, Type})   ->
+    {list, icode_type_to_fate(Type)};
+icode_type_to_fate(typerep) -> typerep;
+icode_type_to_fate(Type) -> ?TODO(Type).
+
+%% -- Phase I ----------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Icode to structured assembly
+
+%% -- Environment functions --
+
+init_env(Args) ->
+    #env{ args = Args, stack = [], tailpos = true }.
+
+push_env(Type, Env) ->
+    Env#env{ stack = [{"_", Type} | Env#env.stack] }.
+
+notail(Env) -> Env#env{ tailpos = false }.
+
+lookup_var(#env{ args = Args, stack = S }, X) ->
+    case {keyfind_index(X, 1, S), keyfind_index(X, 1, Args)} of
+        {false, false} -> false;
+        {false, Arg}   -> {arg, Arg};
+        {Local, _}     -> {stack, Local}
+    end.
+
+%% -- The compiler --
+
+to_scode(_Env, #integer{ value = N }) ->
+    [aeb_fate_code:push(?i(N))];    %% Doesn't exist (yet), translated by desugaring
+
+to_scode(Env, #var_ref{name = X}) ->
+    case lookup_var(Env, X) of
+        false      -> error({unbound_variable, X, Env});
+        {stack, N} -> [aeb_fate_code:dup(?i(N))];
+        {arg, N}   -> [aeb_fate_code:push({arg, N})]
+    end;
+to_scode(Env, #binop{ op = Op, left = A, right = B }) ->
+    [ to_scode(notail(Env), B)
+    , to_scode(push_env(binop_type_r(Op), Env), A)
+    , binop_to_scode(Op) ];
+
+to_scode(Env, #ifte{decision = Dec, then = Then, else = Else}) ->
+    [ to_scode(notail(Env), Dec)
+    , {ifte, to_scode(Env, Then), to_scode(Env, Else)} ];
+
+to_scode(_Env, Icode) -> ?TODO(Icode).
+
+%% -- Operators --
+
+binop_types('+')  -> {word, word};
+binop_types('-')  -> {word, word};
+binop_types('==') -> {word, word};
+binop_types(Op)   -> ?TODO(Op).
+
+%% binop_type_l(Op) -> element(1, binop_types(Op)).
+binop_type_r(Op) -> element(2, binop_types(Op)).
+
+binop_to_scode('+') -> add_a_a_a();  %% Optimization introduces other variants
+binop_to_scode('-') -> sub_a_a_a();
+binop_to_scode('==') -> eq_a_a_a().
+% binop_to_scode(Op) -> ?TODO(Op).
+
+add_a_a_a() -> aeb_fate_code:add(?a, ?a, ?a).
+sub_a_a_a() -> aeb_fate_code:sub(?a, ?a, ?a).
+eq_a_a_a() -> aeb_fate_code:eq(?a, ?a, ?a).
+
+%% -- Phase II ---------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Optimize
+
+optimize_scode(Funs, Options) ->
+    maps:map(fun(Name, Def) -> optimize_fun(Funs, Name, Def, Options) end,
+             Funs).
+
+flatten(Code) -> lists:map(fun flatten_s/1, lists:flatten(Code)).
+
+flatten_s({ifte, Then, Else}) -> {ifte, flatten(Then), flatten(Else)};
+flatten_s(I) -> I.
+
+optimize_fun(_Funs, Name, {{Args, Res}, Code}, Options) ->
+    Code0 = flatten(Code),
+    debug(Options, "Optimizing ~s\n", [Name]),
+    debug(Options, "  original  : ~p\n", [Code0]),
+    Code1 = simplify(Code0),
+    debug(Options, "  simplified: ~p\n", [Code1]),
+    Code2 = desugar(Code1),
+    debug(Options, "  desugared : ~p\n", [Code2]),
+    {{Args, Res}, Code2}.
+
+simplify([]) -> [];
+simplify([I | Code]) ->
+    simpl_top(simpl_s(I), simplify(Code)).
+
+simpl_s({ifte, Then, Else}) ->
+    {ifte, simplify(Then), simplify(Else)};
+simpl_s(I) -> I.
+
+%% add_i 0 --> nop
+simpl_top({'ADD', _, ?i(0), _}, Code) -> Code;
+%% push n, add_a --> add_i n
+simpl_top({'PUSH', ?a, ?i(N)},
+          [{'ADD', ?a, ?a, ?a} | Code]) ->
+    simpl_top( aeb_fate_code:add(?a, ?i(N), ?a), Code);
+%% push n, add_i m --> add_i (n + m)
+simpl_top({'PUSH', ?a, ?i(N)}, [{'ADD', ?a, ?i(M), ?a} | Code]) ->
+    simpl_top(aeb_fate_code:push(?i(N + M)), Code);
+%% add_i n, add_i m --> add_i (n + m)
+simpl_top({'ADD', ?a, ?i(N), ?a}, [{'ADD', ?a, ?i(M), ?a} | Code]) ->
+    simpl_top({'ADD', ?a, ?i(N + M), ?a}, Code);
+
+simpl_top(I, Code) -> [I | Code].
+
+%% Desugar and specialize
+desugar({'ADD', ?a, ?i(1), ?a})     -> [aeb_fate_code:inc()];
+desugar({ifte, Then, Else}) -> [{ifte, desugar(Then), desugar(Else)}];
+desugar(Code) when is_list(Code) ->
+    lists:flatmap(fun desugar/1, Code);
+desugar(I) -> [I].
+
+%% -- Phase III --------------------------------------------------------------
+%%  Constructing basic blocks
+
+to_basic_blocks(Funs, Options) ->
+    maps:from_list([ {Name, {{Args, Res},
+                             bb(Name, Code ++ [aeb_fate_code:return()], Options)}}
+                     || {Name, {{Args, Res}, Code}} <- maps:to_list(Funs) ]).
+
+bb(Name, Code, Options) ->
+    Blocks0 = blocks(Code),
+    Blocks  = optimize_blocks(Blocks0),
+    Labels  = maps:from_list([ {Ref, I} || {I, {Ref, _}} <- with_ixs(Blocks) ]),
+    BBs     = [ set_labels(Labels, B) || B <- Blocks ],
+    debug(Options, "Final code for ~s:\n  ~p\n", [Name, BBs]),
+    maps:from_list(BBs).
+
+%% -- Break up scode into basic blocks --
+
+blocks(Code) ->
+    Top = make_ref(),
+    blocks([{Top, Code}], []).
+
+blocks([], Acc) ->
+    lists:reverse(Acc);
+blocks([{Ref, Code} | Blocks], Acc) ->
+    block(Ref, Code, [], Blocks, Acc).
+
+block(Ref, [], CodeAcc, Blocks, BlockAcc) ->
+    blocks(Blocks, [{Ref, lists:reverse(CodeAcc)} | BlockAcc]);
+block(Ref, [{ifte, Then, Else} | Code], Acc, Blocks, BlockAcc) ->
+    ThenLbl = make_ref(),
+    RestLbl = make_ref(),
+    block(Ref, Else ++ [{jump, RestLbl}],
+               [{jumpif, ThenLbl} | Acc],
+               [{ThenLbl, Then ++ [{jump, RestLbl}]},
+                {RestLbl, Code} | Blocks],
+               BlockAcc);
+block(Ref, [I | Code], Acc, Blocks, BlockAcc) ->
+    block(Ref, Code, [I | Acc], Blocks, BlockAcc).
+
+%% -- Reorder, inline, and remove dead blocks --
+
+optimize_blocks(Blocks) ->
+    %% We need to look at the last instruction a lot, so reverse all blocks.
+    Rev       = fun(Bs) -> [ {Ref, lists:reverse(Code)} || {Ref, Code} <- Bs ] end,
+    RBlocks   = Rev(Blocks),
+    RBlockMap = maps:from_list(RBlocks),
+    RBlocks1  = reorder_blocks(RBlocks, []),
+    RBlocks2  = [ {Ref, inline_block(RBlockMap, Ref, Code)} || {Ref, Code} <- RBlocks1 ],
+    RBlocks3  = remove_dead_blocks(RBlocks2),
+    Rev(RBlocks3).
+
+%% Choose the next block based on the final jump.
+reorder_blocks([], Acc) ->
+    lists:reverse(Acc);
+reorder_blocks([{Ref, Code} | Blocks], Acc) ->
+    reorder_blocks(Ref, Code, Blocks, Acc).
+
+reorder_blocks(Ref, Code, Blocks, Acc) ->
+    Acc1 = [{Ref, Code} | Acc],
+    case Code of
+        ['RETURN'|_]        -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
+        [{'RETURNR', _}|_]  -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1);
+        [{jump, L}|_]     ->
+            NotL = fun({L1, _}) -> L1 /= L end,
+            case lists:splitwith(NotL, Blocks) of
+                {Blocks1, [{L, Code1} | Blocks2]} ->
+                    reorder_blocks(L, Code1, Blocks1 ++ Blocks2, Acc1);
+                {_, []} -> reorder_blocks(Blocks, Acc1)
+            end
+    end.
+
+%% Inline short blocks (≤ 2 instructions)
+inline_block(BlockMap, Ref, [{jump, L} | Code] = Code0) when L /= Ref ->
+    case maps:get(L, BlockMap, nocode) of
+        Dest when length(Dest) < 3 ->
+            %% Remove Ref to avoid infinite loops
+            inline_block(maps:remove(Ref, BlockMap), L, Dest) ++ Code;
+        _ -> Code0
+    end;
+inline_block(_, _, Code) -> Code.
+
+%% Remove unused blocks
+remove_dead_blocks(Blocks = [{Top, _} | _]) ->
+    BlockMap   = maps:from_list(Blocks),
+    LiveBlocks = chase_labels([Top], BlockMap, #{}),
+    [ B || B = {L, _} <- Blocks, maps:is_key(L, LiveBlocks) ].
+
+chase_labels([], _, Live) -> Live;
+chase_labels([L | Ls], Map, Live) ->
+    Code = maps:get(L, Map),
+    Jump = fun({jump, A})   -> [A || not maps:is_key(A, Live)];
+              ({jumpif, A}) -> [A || not maps:is_key(A, Live)];
+              (_)                 -> [] end,
+    New  = lists:flatmap(Jump, Code),
+    chase_labels(New ++ Ls, Map, Live#{ L => true }).
+
+
+%% -- Translate label refs to indices --
+
+set_labels(Labels, {Ref, Code}) when is_reference(Ref) ->
+    {maps:get(Ref, Labels), [ set_labels(Labels, I) || I <- Code ]};
+set_labels(Labels, {jump, Ref})   -> aeb_fate_code:jump(maps:get(Ref, Labels));
+set_labels(Labels, {jumpif, Ref}) -> aeb_fate_code:jumpif(?a, maps:get(Ref, Labels));
+set_labels(_, I) -> I.
+
+%% -- Helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+with_ixs(Xs) ->
+    lists:zip(lists:seq(0, length(Xs) - 1), Xs).
+
+keyfind_index(X, J, Xs) ->
+    case [ I || {I, E} <- with_ixs(Xs), X == element(J, E) ] of
+        [I | _] -> I;
+        []      -> false
+    end.
+

src/aeso_memory.erl

@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-%%% @copyright (C) 2018, Aeternity Anstalt
-%%% @doc
-%%%      Memory speifics that compiler and VM need to agree upon
-%%% @end
-%%% Created : 19 Dec 2018
-%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-
--module(aeso_memory).
-
--export([binary_to_words/1]).
-
-binary_to_words(<<>>) ->
-    [];
-binary_to_words(<<N:256,Bin/binary>>) ->
-    [N|binary_to_words(Bin)];
-binary_to_words(Bin) ->
-    binary_to_words(<<Bin/binary,0>>).
-

src/aeso_parse_lib.erl

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 
 -export_type([parser/1, parser_expr/1, pos/0, token/0, tokens/0]).
 
--type pos()    :: {integer(), integer()}.
+-type pos()    :: {string() | no_file, integer(), integer()} | {integer(), integer()}.
 -type token()  :: {atom(), pos(), term()} | {atom(), pos()}.
 -type tokens() :: [token()].
 -type error()  :: {pos(), string() | no_error}.

src/aeso_parser.erl

@@ -5,24 +5,33 @@
 -module(aeso_parser).
 
 -export([string/1,
+         string/2,
          type/1]).
 
 -include("aeso_parse_lib.hrl").
 
--spec string(string()) ->
-                    {ok, aeso_syntax:ast()}
-                        | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(),
-                                   atom(),
-                                   term()}}
-                        | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(),
-                                   atom()}}.
+-type parse_result() :: {ok, aeso_syntax:ast()}
+                      | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom(), term()}}
+                      | {error, {aeso_parse_lib:pos(), atom()}}.
+
+-spec string(string()) -> parse_result().
 string(String) ->
-  parse_and_scan(file(), String).
+    string(String, []).
+
+-spec string(string(), aeso_compiler:options()) -> parse_result().
+string(String, Opts) ->
+    case parse_and_scan(file(), String, Opts) of
+        {ok, AST} ->
+            expand_includes(AST, Opts);
+        Err = {error, _} ->
+            Err
+    end.
 
 type(String) ->
-  parse_and_scan(type(), String).
+    parse_and_scan(type(), String, []).
 
-parse_and_scan(P, S) ->
+parse_and_scan(P, S, Opts) ->
+    set_current_file(proplists:get_value(src_file, Opts, no_file)),
     case aeso_scan:scan(S) of
         {ok, Tokens} -> aeso_parse_lib:parse(P, Tokens);
         Error        -> Error
@@ -37,6 +46,8 @@ decl() ->
     choice(
       %% Contract declaration
     [ ?RULE(keyword(contract),  con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {contract, _1, _2, _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(namespace), con(), tok('='), maybe_block(decl()), {namespace, _1, _2, _4})
+    , ?RULE(keyword(include),   str(), {include, _2})
 
       %% Type declarations  TODO: format annotation for "type bla" vs "type bla()"
     , ?RULE(keyword(type),     id(),                                          {type_decl, _1, _2, []})
@@ -57,9 +68,14 @@ decl() ->
 modifiers() ->
     many(choice([token(stateful), token(public), token(private), token(internal)])).
 
-add_modifiers(Mods, Node) ->
+add_modifiers([], Node) -> Node;
+add_modifiers(Mods = [Tok | _], Node) ->
+    %% Set the position to the position of the first modifier. This is
+    %% important for code transformation tools (like what we do in
+    %% create_calldata) to be able to get the indentation of the declaration.
+    set_pos(get_pos(Tok),
         lists:foldl(fun({Mod, _}, X) -> set_ann(Mod, true, X) end,
-                Node, Mods).
+                    Node, Mods)).
 
 %% -- Type declarations ------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -176,11 +192,11 @@ expr200() -> infixr(expr300(), binop('||')).
 expr300() -> infixr(expr400(), binop('&&')).
 expr400() -> infix(expr500(),  binop(['<', '>', '=<', '>=', '==', '!='])).
 expr500() -> infixr(expr600(), binop(['::', '++'])).
-expr600() -> infixl(expr650(), binop(['+', '-', 'bor', 'bxor', 'bsr', 'bsl'])).
+expr600() -> infixl(expr650(), binop(['+', '-'])).
 expr650() -> ?RULE(many(token('-')), expr700(), prefixes(_1, _2)).
-expr700() -> infixl(expr750(), binop(['*', '/', mod, 'band'])).
+expr700() -> infixl(expr750(), binop(['*', '/', mod])).
 expr750() -> infixl(expr800(), binop(['^'])).
-expr800() -> ?RULE(many(choice(token('!'), token('bnot'))), expr900(), prefixes(_1, _2)).
+expr800() -> ?RULE(many(token('!')), expr900(), prefixes(_1, _2)).
 expr900() -> ?RULE(exprAtom(), many(elim()), elim(_1, _2)).
 
 exprAtom() ->
@@ -301,6 +317,7 @@ binop(Ops) ->
 con()      -> token(con).
 id()       -> token(id).
 tvar()     -> token(tvar).
+str()      -> token(string).
 
 token(Tag) ->
     ?RULE(tok(Tag),
@@ -336,10 +353,17 @@ bracket_list(P) -> brackets(comma_sep(P)).
 -type ann_col()  :: aeso_syntax:ann_col().
 
 -spec pos_ann(ann_line(), ann_col()) -> ann().
-pos_ann(Line, Col) -> [{line, Line}, {col, Col}].
+pos_ann(Line, Col) -> [{file, current_file()}, {line, Line}, {col, Col}].
+
+current_file() ->
+    get('$current_file').
+
+set_current_file(File) ->
+    put('$current_file', File).
 
 ann_pos(Ann) ->
-    {proplists:get_value(line, Ann),
+    {proplists:get_value(file, Ann),
+     proplists:get_value(line, Ann),
      proplists:get_value(col, Ann)}.
 
 get_ann(Ann) when is_list(Ann) -> Ann;
@@ -357,10 +381,10 @@ set_ann(Key, Val, Node) ->
     setelement(2, Node, lists:keystore(Key, 1, Ann, {Key, Val})).
 
 get_pos(Node) ->
-    {get_ann(line, Node), get_ann(col, Node)}.
+    {current_file(), get_ann(line, Node), get_ann(col, Node)}.
 
-set_pos({L, C}, Node) ->
-    set_ann(line, L, set_ann(col, C, Node)).
+set_pos({F, L, C}, Node) ->
+    set_ann(file, F, set_ann(line, L, set_ann(col, C, Node))).
 
 infix(L, Op, R) -> set_ann(format, infix,  {app, get_ann(L), Op, [L, R]}).
 
@@ -442,8 +466,10 @@ parse_pattern(E) -> bad_expr_err("Not a valid pattern", E).
 parse_field_pattern({field, Ann, F, E}) ->
     {field, Ann, F, parse_pattern(E)}.
 
-return_error({L, C}, Err) ->
-    fail(io_lib:format("~p:~p:\n~s", [L, C, Err])).
+return_error({no_file, L, C}, Err) ->
+    fail(io_lib:format("~p:~p:\n~s", [L, C, Err]));
+return_error({F, L, C}, Err) ->
+    fail(io_lib:format("In ~s at ~p:~p:\n~s", [F, L, C, Err])).
 
 -spec ret_doc_err(ann(), prettypr:document()) -> no_return().
 ret_doc_err(Ann, Doc) ->
@@ -455,3 +481,38 @@ bad_expr_err(Reason, E) ->
               prettypr:sep([prettypr:text(Reason ++ ":"),
                             prettypr:nest(2, aeso_pretty:expr(E))])).
 
+%% -- Helper functions -------------------------------------------------------
+expand_includes(AST, Opts) ->
+    expand_includes(AST, [], Opts).
+
+expand_includes([], Acc, _Opts) ->
+    {ok, lists:reverse(Acc)};
+expand_includes([{include, S = {string, _, File}} | AST], Acc, Opts) ->
+    case read_file(File, Opts) of
+        {ok, Bin} ->
+            Opts1 = lists:keystore(src_file, 1, Opts, {src_file, File}),
+            case string(binary_to_list(Bin), Opts1) of
+                {ok, AST1} ->
+                    expand_includes(AST1 ++ AST, Acc, Opts);
+                Err = {error, _} ->
+                    Err
+            end;
+        {error, _} ->
+            {error, {get_pos(S), include_error, File}}
+    end;
+expand_includes([E | AST], Acc, Opts) ->
+    expand_includes(AST, [E | Acc], Opts).
+
+read_file(File, Opts) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(include, Opts, {explicit_files, #{}}) of
+        {file_system, Paths} ->
+            CandidateNames = [ filename:join(Dir, File) || Dir <- Paths ],
+            lists:foldr(fun(F, {error, _}) -> file:read_file(F);
+                           (_F, OK) -> OK end, {error, not_found}, CandidateNames);
+        {explicit_files, Files} ->
+            case maps:get(binary_to_list(File), Files, not_found) of
+                not_found -> {error, not_found};
+                Src       -> {ok, Src}
+            end
+    end.
+

src/aeso_pretty.erl

@@ -147,6 +147,8 @@ decl(D, Options) ->
 -spec decl(aeso_syntax:decl()) -> doc().
 decl({contract, _, C, Ds}) ->
     block(follow(text("contract"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
+decl({namespace, _, C, Ds}) ->
+    block(follow(text("namespace"), hsep(name(C), text("="))), decls(Ds));
 decl({type_decl, _, T, Vars}) -> typedecl(alias_t, T, Vars);
 decl({type_def, _, T, Vars, Def}) ->
     Kind = element(1, Def),
@@ -170,7 +172,7 @@ expr(E) -> expr_p(0, E).
 
 %% -- Not exported -----------------------------------------------------------
 
--spec name(aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:tvar()) -> doc().
+-spec name(aeso_syntax:id() | aeso_syntax:qid() | aeso_syntax:con() | aeso_syntax:qcon() | aeso_syntax:tvar()) -> doc().
 name({id, _,   Name})  -> text(Name);
 name({con, _,  Name})  -> text(Name);
 name({qid, _,  Names}) -> text(string:join(Names, "."));
@@ -234,8 +236,10 @@ type({app_t, _, Type, Args}) ->
     beside(type(Type), tuple_type(Args));
 type({tuple_t, _, Args}) ->
     tuple_type(Args);
-type({named_arg_t, _, Name, Type, Default}) ->
-    follow(hsep(typed(name(Name), Type), text("=")), expr(Default));
+type({named_arg_t, _, Name, Type, _Default}) ->
+    %% Drop the default value
+    %% follow(hsep(typed(name(Name), Type), text("=")), expr(Default));
+    typed(name(Name), Type);
 
 type(R = {record_t, _}) -> typedef(R);
 type(T = {id, _, _})   -> name(T);
@@ -303,6 +307,8 @@ expr_p(P, E = {app, _, F = {Op, _}, Args}) when is_atom(Op) ->
         {prefix, [A]}   -> prefix(P, Op, A);
         _               -> app(P, F, Args)
     end;
+expr_p(_, {app, _, C={Tag, _, _}, []}) when Tag == con; Tag == qcon ->
+    expr_p(0, C);
 expr_p(P, {app, _, F, Args}) ->
     app(P, F, Args);
 %% -- Constants
@@ -314,6 +320,7 @@ expr_p(_, E = {int, _, N}) ->
     text(S);
 expr_p(_, {bool, _, B}) -> text(atom_to_list(B));
 expr_p(_, {hash, _, <<N:256>>}) -> text("#" ++ integer_to_list(N, 16));
+expr_p(_, {hash, _, <<N:512>>}) -> text("#" ++ integer_to_list(N, 16));
 expr_p(_, {unit, _}) -> text("()");
 expr_p(_, {string, _, S}) -> term(binary_to_list(S));
 expr_p(_, {char, _, C}) ->
@@ -359,20 +366,14 @@ bin_prec('++')   -> {500, 600, 500};
 bin_prec('::')   -> {500, 600, 500};
 bin_prec('+')    -> {600, 600, 650};
 bin_prec('-')    -> {600, 600, 650};
-bin_prec('bor')  -> {600, 600, 650};
-bin_prec('bxor') -> {600, 600, 650};
-bin_prec('bsl')  -> {600, 600, 650};
-bin_prec('bsr')  -> {600, 600, 650};
 bin_prec('*')    -> {700, 700, 750};
 bin_prec('/')    -> {700, 700, 750};
 bin_prec(mod)    -> {700, 700, 750};
-bin_prec('band') -> {700, 700, 750};
 bin_prec('^')    -> {750, 750, 800}.
 
 -spec un_prec(aeso_syntax:un_op()) -> {integer(), integer()}.
 un_prec('-')    -> {650, 650};
-un_prec('!')    -> {800, 800};
-un_prec('bnot') -> {800, 800}.
+un_prec('!')    -> {800, 800}.
 
 equals(Ann, A, B) ->
     {app, [{format, infix} | Ann], {'=', Ann}, [A, B]}.

src/aeso_scan.erl

@@ -36,9 +36,8 @@ lexer() ->
         , {"\\*/",        pop(skip())}
         , {"[^/*]+|[/*]", skip()} ],
 
-    Keywords = ["contract", "import", "let", "rec", "switch", "type", "record", "datatype", "if", "elif", "else", "function",
-                "stateful", "true", "false", "and", "mod", "public", "private", "indexed", "internal",
-                "band", "bor", "bxor", "bsl", "bsr", "bnot"],
+    Keywords = ["contract", "include", "let", "rec", "switch", "type", "record", "datatype", "if", "elif", "else", "function",
+                "stateful", "true", "false", "and", "mod", "public", "private", "indexed", "internal", "namespace"],
     KW = string:join(Keywords, "|"),
 
     Rules =

src/aeso_sophia.erl

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
--module(aeso_sophia).
-
--export_type([data/0,
-              type/0,
-              heap/0]).
-
--type type() :: word | signed_word | string | typerep | function
-              | {list,   type()}
-              | {option, type()}
-              | {tuple, [type()]}
-              | {variant, [[type()]]}.
-
-
--type data() :: none
-              | {some,   data()}
-              | {option, data()}
-              | word
-              | string
-              | {list,   data()}
-              | {tuple, [data()]}
-              | {variant, integer(), [data()]}
-              | integer()
-              | binary()
-              | [data()]
-              | {}
-              | {data()}
-              | {data(), data()}.
-
--type heap() :: binary().
-

src/aeso_syntax.erl

@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@
 
 -module(aeso_syntax).
 
--export([get_ann/1, get_ann/2, get_ann/3, set_ann/2]).
+-export([get_ann/1, get_ann/2, get_ann/3, set_ann/2, qualify/2]).
 
 -export_type([ann_line/0, ann_col/0, ann_origin/0, ann_format/0, ann/0]).
 -export_type([name/0, id/0, con/0, qid/0, qcon/0, tvar/0, op/0]).
 -export_type([bin_op/0, un_op/0]).
 -export_type([decl/0, letbind/0, typedef/0]).
--export_type([arg/0, field_t/0, constructor_t/0]).
--export_type([type/0, constant/0, expr/0, arg_expr/0, field/1, stmt/0, alt/0, lvalue/0, pat/0]).
+-export_type([arg/0, field_t/0, constructor_t/0, named_arg_t/0]).
+-export_type([type/0, constant/0, expr/0, arg_expr/0, field/1, stmt/0, alt/0, lvalue/0, elim/0, pat/0]).
 -export_type([ast/0]).
 
 -type ast() :: [decl()].
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 -type tvar() :: {tvar, ann(), name()}.
 
 -type decl() :: {contract, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
+              | {namespace, ann(), con(), [decl()]}
               | {type_decl, ann(), id(), [tvar()]}
               | {type_def, ann(), id(), [tvar()], typedef()}
               | {fun_decl, ann(), id(), type()}
@@ -75,10 +76,10 @@
 
 -type op() :: bin_op() | un_op().
 
--type bin_op() :: '+' | '-' | '*' | '/' | mod | '^' | 'band' | 'bor' | 'bsl' | 'bsr' | 'bxor'
+-type bin_op() :: '+' | '-' | '*' | '/' | mod | '^'
                 | '++' | '::' | '<' | '>' | '=<' | '>=' | '==' | '!='
                 | '||' | '&&' | '..'.
--type un_op() :: '-' | '!' | 'bnot'.
+-type un_op() :: '-' | '!'.
 
 -type expr()
     :: {lam, ann(), [arg()], expr()}
@@ -140,3 +141,8 @@ get_ann(Key, Node) ->
 
 get_ann(Key, Node, Default) ->
     proplists:get_value(Key, get_ann(Node), Default).
+
+qualify({con, Ann, N}, X)             -> qualify({qcon, Ann, [N]}, X);
+qualify({qcon, _, NS}, {con, Ann, C}) -> {qcon, Ann, NS ++ [C]};
+qualify({qcon, _, NS}, {id, Ann, X})  -> {qid, Ann, NS ++ [X]}.
+

src/aeso_syntax_utils.erl

@@ -6,89 +6,142 @@
 %%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
 -module(aeso_syntax_utils).
 
--export([used_ids/1, used_types/1]).
+-export([used_ids/1, used_types/1, used/1]).
 
-%% Var set combinators
-none()           -> [].
-one(X)           -> [X].
-union_map(F, Xs) -> lists:umerge(lists:map(F, Xs)).
-minus(Xs, Ys)    -> Xs -- Ys.
+-record(alg, {zero, plus, scoped}).
 
-%% Compute names used by a definition or expression.
-used_ids(Es) when is_list(Es) ->
-    union_map(fun used_ids/1, Es);
-used_ids({bind, A, B}) ->
-    minus(used_ids(B), used_ids(A));
-%% Declarations
-used_ids({contract, _, _, Decls})    -> used_ids(Decls);
-used_ids({type_decl, _, _, _})       -> none();
-used_ids({type_def, _, _, _, _})     -> none();
-used_ids({fun_decl, _, _, _})        -> none();
-used_ids({letval, _, _, _, E})       -> used_ids(E);
-used_ids({letfun, _, _, Args, _, E}) -> used_ids({bind, Args, E});
-used_ids({letrec, _, Decls})         -> used_ids(Decls);
-%% Args
-used_ids({arg, _, X, _}) -> used_ids(X);
-used_ids({named_arg, _, _, E}) -> used_ids(E);
-%% Constants
-used_ids({int, _, _})    -> none();
-used_ids({bool, _, _})   -> none();
-used_ids({hash, _, _})   -> none();
-used_ids({unit, _})      -> none();
-used_ids({string, _, _}) -> none();
-used_ids({char, _, _})   -> none();
-%% Expressions
-used_ids({lam, _, Args, E})  -> used_ids({bind, Args, E});
-used_ids({'if', _, A, B, C}) -> used_ids([A, B, C]);
-used_ids({switch, _, E, Bs}) -> used_ids([E, Bs]);
-used_ids({app, _, E, Es})    -> used_ids([E | Es]);
-used_ids({proj, _, E, _})    -> used_ids(E);
-used_ids({tuple, _, Es})     -> used_ids(Es);
-used_ids({list, _, Es})      -> used_ids(Es);
-used_ids({typed, _, E, _})   -> used_ids(E);
-used_ids({record, _, Fs})    -> used_ids(Fs);
-used_ids({record, _, E, Fs}) -> used_ids([E, Fs]);
-used_ids({map, _, E, Fs})    -> used_ids([E, Fs]);
-used_ids({map, _, KVs})      -> used_ids([ [K, V] || {K, V} <- KVs ]);
-used_ids({map_get, _, M, K}) -> used_ids([M, K]);
-used_ids({map_get, _, M, K, V}) -> used_ids([M, K, V]);
-used_ids({block, _, Ss})     -> used_ids_s(Ss);
-used_ids({Op, _}) when is_atom(Op) -> none();
-used_ids({id, _, X})   -> [X];
-used_ids({qid, _, _})  -> none();
-used_ids({con, _, _})  -> none();
-used_ids({qcon, _, _}) -> none();
-%% Switch branches
-used_ids({'case', _, P, E}) -> used_ids({bind, P, E});
-%% Fields
-used_ids({field, _, LV, E})    -> used_ids([LV, E]);
-used_ids({field, _, LV, X, E}) -> used_ids([LV, {bind, X, E}]);
-used_ids({proj, _, _})         -> none();
-used_ids({map_get, _, E})      -> used_ids(E).
+-type alg(A) :: #alg{ zero   :: A
+                    , plus   :: fun((A, A) -> A)
+                    , scoped :: fun((A, A) -> A) }.
 
-%% Statements
-used_ids_s([])       -> none();
-used_ids_s([S | Ss]) ->
-    used_ids([S, {bind, bound_ids(S), {block, [], Ss}}]).
+-type kind() :: decl | type | bind_type | expr | bind_expr.
 
-bound_ids({letval, _, X, _, _})    -> one(X);
-bound_ids({letfun, _, X, _, _, _}) -> one(X);
-bound_ids({letrec, _, Decls})      -> union_map(fun bound_ids/1, Decls);
-bound_ids(_)                       -> none().
+-spec fold(alg(A), fun((kind(), _) -> A), kind(), E | [E]) -> A
+    when E :: aeso_syntax:decl()
+            | aeso_syntax:typedef()
+            | aeso_syntax:field_t()
+            | aeso_syntax:constructor_t()
+            | aeso_syntax:type()
+            | aeso_syntax:expr()
+            | aeso_syntax:pat()
+            | aeso_syntax:arg()
+            | aeso_syntax:alt()
+            | aeso_syntax:elim()
+            | aeso_syntax:arg_expr()
+            | aeso_syntax:field(aeso_syntax:expr())
+            | aeso_syntax:stmt().
+fold(Alg = #alg{zero = Zero, plus = Plus, scoped = Scoped}, Fun, K, X) ->
+    Sum  = fun(Xs) -> lists:foldl(Plus, Zero, Xs) end,
+    Same = fun(A) -> fold(Alg, Fun, K, A) end,
+    Decl = fun(D) -> fold(Alg, Fun, decl, D) end,
+    Type = fun(T) -> fold(Alg, Fun, type, T) end,
+    Expr = fun(E) -> fold(Alg, Fun, expr, E) end,
+    BindExpr = fun(P) -> fold(Alg, Fun, bind_expr, P) end,
+    BindType = fun(T) -> fold(Alg, Fun, bind_type, T) end,
+    Top = Fun(K, X),
+    Bound = fun LB ({letval, _, Y, _, _})    -> BindExpr(Y);
+                LB ({letfun, _, F, _, _, _}) -> BindExpr(F);
+                LB ({letrec, _, Ds})         -> Sum(lists:map(LB, Ds));
+                LB (_)                       -> Zero
+            end,
+    Rec = case X of
+            %% lists (bound things in head scope over tail)
+            [A | As]                 -> Scoped(Same(A), Same(As));
+            %% decl()
+            {contract, _, _, Ds}     -> Decl(Ds);
+            {namespace, _, _, Ds}    -> Decl(Ds);
+            {type_decl, _, I, _}     -> BindType(I);
+            {type_def, _, I, _, D}   -> Plus(BindType(I), Decl(D));
+            {fun_decl, _, _, T}      -> Type(T);
+            {letval, _, F, T, E}     -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Expr(E)]);
+            {letfun, _, F, Xs, T, E} -> Sum([BindExpr(F), Type(T), Scoped(BindExpr(Xs), Expr(E))]);
+            {letrec, _, Ds}          -> Plus(Bound(Ds), Decl(Ds));
+            %% typedef()
+            {alias_t, T}    -> Type(T);
+            {record_t, Fs}  -> Type(Fs);
+            {variant_t, Cs} -> Type(Cs);
+            %% field_t() and constructor_t()
+            {field_t, _, _, T}   -> Type(T);
+            {constr_t, _, _, Ts} -> Type(Ts);
+            %% type()
+            {fun_t, _, Named, Args, Ret} -> Type([Named, Args, Ret]);
+            {app_t, _, T, Ts}            -> Type([T | Ts]);
+            {tuple_t, _, Ts}             -> Type(Ts);
+            %% named_arg_t()
+            {named_arg_t, _, _, T, E} -> Plus(Type(T), Expr(E));
+            %% expr()
+            {lam, _, Args, E}      -> Scoped(BindExpr(Args), Expr(E));
+            {'if', _, A, B, C}     -> Expr([A, B, C]);
+            {switch, _, E, Alts}   -> Expr([E, Alts]);
+            {app, _, A, As}        -> Expr([A | As]);
+            {proj, _, E, _}        -> Expr(E);
+            {tuple, _, As}         -> Expr(As);
+            {list, _, As}          -> Expr(As);
+            {typed, _, E, T}       -> Plus(Expr(E), Type(T));
+            {record, _, Fs}        -> Expr(Fs);
+            {record, _, E, Fs}     -> Expr([E | Fs]);
+            {map, _, E, Fs}        -> Expr([E | Fs]);
+            {map, _, KVs}          -> Sum([Expr([Key, Val]) || {Key, Val} <- KVs]);
+            {map_get, _, A, B}     -> Expr([A, B]);
+            {map_get, _, A, B, C}  -> Expr([A, B, C]);
+            {block, _, Ss}         -> Expr(Ss);
+            %% field()
+            {field, _, LV, E}    -> Expr([LV, E]);
+            {field, _, LV, _, E} -> Expr([LV, E]);
+            %% arg()
+            {arg, _, X, T} -> Plus(Expr(X), Type(T));
+            %% alt()
+            {'case', _, P, E} -> Scoped(BindExpr(P), Expr(E));
+            %% elim()
+            {proj, _, _}    -> Zero;
+            {map_get, _, E} -> Expr(E);
+            %% arg_expr()
+            {named_arg, _, _, E} -> Expr(E);
+            _ -> Alg#alg.zero
+          end,
+    (Alg#alg.plus)(Top, Rec).
+
+%% Name dependencies
+
+used_ids(E) ->
+    [ X || {term, [X]} <- used(E) ].
+
+used_types(T) ->
+    [ X || {type, [X]} <- used(T) ].
+
+-type entity() :: {term, [string()]}
+                | {type, [string()]}
+                | {namespace, [string()]}.
+
+-spec entity_alg() -> alg([entity()]).
+entity_alg() ->
+    IsBound = fun({K, _}) -> lists:member(K, [bound_term, bound_type]) end,
+    Unbind  = fun(bound_term) -> term; (bound_type) -> type end,
+    Scoped = fun(Xs, Ys) ->
+                {Bound, Others} = lists:partition(IsBound, Ys),
+                Bound1 = [ {Unbind(Tag), X} || {Tag, X} <- Bound ],
+                lists:umerge(Xs -- Bound1, Others)
+            end,
+    #alg{ zero   = []
+        , plus   = fun lists:umerge/2
+        , scoped = Scoped }.
+
+-spec used(_) -> [entity()].
+used(D) ->
+    Kind = fun(expr)      -> term;
+              (bind_expr) -> bound_term;
+              (type)      -> type;
+              (bind_type) -> bound_type
+           end,
+    NS = fun(Xs) -> {namespace, lists:droplast(Xs)} end,
+    NotBound = fun({Tag, _}) -> not lists:member(Tag, [bound_term, bound_type]) end,
+    Xs =
+        fold(entity_alg(),
+            fun(K, {id,   _, X})  -> [{Kind(K), [X]}];
+               (K, {qid,  _, Xs}) -> [{Kind(K), Xs}, NS(Xs)];
+               (K, {con,  _, X})  -> [{Kind(K), [X]}];
+               (K, {qcon, _, Xs}) -> [{Kind(K), Xs}, NS(Xs)];
+               (_, _)             -> []
+            end, decl, D),
+    lists:filter(NotBound, Xs).
 
-used_types(Ts) when is_list(Ts)    -> union_map(fun used_types/1, Ts);
-used_types({type_def, _, _, _, T}) -> used_types(T);
-used_types({alias_t, T})           -> used_types(T);
-used_types({record_t, Fs})         -> used_types(Fs);
-used_types({variant_t, Cs})        -> used_types(Cs);
-used_types({field_t, _, _, T})     -> used_types(T);
-used_types({constr_t, _, _, Ts})   -> used_types(Ts);
-used_types({fun_t, _, Named, Args, T}) -> used_types([T | Named ++ Args]);
-used_types({named_arg_t, _, _, T, _}) -> used_types(T);
-used_types({app_t, _, T, Ts})      -> used_types([T | Ts]);
-used_types({tuple_t, _, Ts})       -> used_types(Ts);
-used_types({id, _, X})             -> one(X);
-used_types({qid, _, _})            -> none();
-used_types({con, _, _})            -> none();
-used_types({qcon, _, _})           -> none();
-used_types({tvar, _, _})           -> none().

src/aesophia.app.src

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 {application, aesophia,
- [{description, "Contract Language for Aethernity"},
-  {vsn, "1.2.0"},
+ [{description, "Contract Language for aeternity"},
+  {vsn, "2.1.0"},
   {registered, []},
   {applications,
    [kernel,
     stdlib,
-    enacl,
+    jsx,
     syntax_tools,
+    getopt,
     aebytecode
    ]},
   {env,[]},

src/aesophia.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+-module(aesophia).
+
+-export([main/1]).
+
+-define(OPT_SPEC,
+    [ {src_file, undefined, undefined, string, "Sophia source code file"}
+    , {version, $V, "version", undefined, "Print compiler version"}
+    , {verbose, $v, "verbose", undefined, "Verbose output"}
+    , {help, $h, "help", undefined, "Show this message"}
+    , {outfile, $o, "out", string, "Output file (experimental)"} ]).
+
+usage() ->
+    getopt:usage(?OPT_SPEC, "aesophia").
+
+main(Args) ->
+    case getopt:parse(?OPT_SPEC, Args) of
+        {ok, {Opts, []}} ->
+            case Opts of
+                [version] ->
+                    print_vsn();
+                [help] ->
+                    usage();
+                _ ->
+                    compile(Opts)
+            end;
+
+        {ok, {_, NonOpts}} ->
+            io:format("Can't understand ~p\n\n", [NonOpts]),
+            usage();
+
+        {error, {Reason, Data}} ->
+            io:format("Error: ~s ~p\n\n", [Reason, Data]),
+            usage()
+    end.
+
+
+compile(Opts) ->
+    case proplists:get_value(src_file, Opts, undefined) of
+        undefined ->
+            io:format("Error: no input source file\n\n"),
+            usage();
+        File ->
+            compile(File, Opts)
+    end.
+
+compile(File, Opts) ->
+    Verbose = proplists:get_value(verbose, Opts, false),
+    OutFile = proplists:get_value(outfile, Opts, undefined),
+
+    try
+        Res = aeso_compiler:file(File, [pp_ast || Verbose]),
+        write_outfile(OutFile, Res),
+        io:format("\nCompiled successfully!\n")
+    catch
+        %% The compiler errors.
+        error:{type_errors, Errors} ->
+            io:format("\n~s\n", [string:join(["** Type errors\n" | Errors], "\n")]);
+        error:{parse_errors, Errors} ->
+            io:format("\n~s\n", [string:join(["** Parse errors\n" | Errors], "\n")]);
+        error:{code_errors, Errors} ->
+            ErrorStrings = [ io_lib:format("~p", [E]) || E <- Errors ],
+            io:format("\n~s\n", [string:join(["** Code errors\n" | ErrorStrings], "\n")]);
+        %% General programming errors in the compiler.
+        error:Error ->
+            Where = hd(erlang:get_stacktrace()),
+            ErrorString = io_lib:format("Error: ~p in\n   ~p", [Error,Where]),
+            io:format("\n~s\n", [ErrorString])
+    end.
+
+write_outfile(undefined, _) -> ok;
+write_outfile(Out, ResMap)  ->
+    %% Lazy approach
+    file:write_file(Out, term_to_binary(ResMap)),
+    io:format("Output written to: ~s\n", [Out]).
+
+print_vsn() ->
+    {ok, Vsn} = aeso_compiler:version(),
+    io:format("Compiler version: ~s\n", [Vsn]).

test/aeso_abi_tests.erl

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ sandbox(Code) ->
 
 malicious_from_binary_test() ->
     CircularList = from_words([32, 1, 32]), %% Xs = 1 :: Xs
-    {ok, {error, circular_references}}   = ?SANDBOX(aeso_heap:from_binary({list, word}, CircularList)),
-    {ok, {error, {binary_too_short, _}}} = ?SANDBOX(aeso_heap:from_binary(word, <<1, 2, 3, 4>>)),
+    {ok, {error, circular_references}}   = ?SANDBOX(aeb_heap:from_binary({list, word}, CircularList)),
+    {ok, {error, {binary_too_short, _}}} = ?SANDBOX(aeb_heap:from_binary(word, <<1, 2, 3, 4>>)),
     ok.
 
 from_words(Ws) ->
@@ -54,35 +54,131 @@ encode_decode_test() ->
     ok.
 
 encode_decode_sophia_test() ->
-    {42} = encode_decode_sophia_string("int", "42"),
-    {1} = encode_decode_sophia_string("bool", "true"),
-    {0} = encode_decode_sophia_string("bool", "false"),
-    {<<"Hello">>} = encode_decode_sophia_string("string", "\"Hello\""),
-    {<<"Hello">>, [1,2,3], {variant, 1, [1]}} =
-        encode_decode_sophia_string(
-          "(string, list(int), option(bool))",
-          "\"Hello\", [1,2,3], Some(true)"),
+    Check = fun(Type, Str) -> case {encode_decode_sophia_string(Type, Str), Str} of
+                                {X, X} -> ok;
+                                Other -> Other
+                              end end,
+    ok = Check("int", "42"),
+    ok = Check("bool", "true"),
+    ok = Check("bool", "false"),
+    ok = Check("string", "\"Hello\""),
+    ok = Check("(string, list(int), option(bool))",
+               "(\"Hello\", [1, 2, 3], Some(true))"),
+    ok = Check("variant", "Blue({[\"x\"] = 1})"),
+    ok = Check("r", "{x = (\"foo\", 0), y = Red}"),
     ok.
 
 encode_decode_sophia_string(SophiaType, String) ->
     io:format("String ~p~n", [String]),
-    Code = [ "contract Call =\n"
-           , "  function foo : ", SophiaType, " => _\n"
-           , "  function __call() = foo(", String, ")\n" ],
-    {ok, _, {Types, _}, Args} = aeso_compiler:check_call(lists:flatten(Code), []),
-    Arg  = list_to_tuple(Args),
-    Type = {tuple, Types},
+    Code = [ "contract MakeCall =\n"
+           , "  type arg_type = ", SophiaType, "\n"
+           , "  type an_alias('a) = (string, 'a)\n"
+           , "  record r = {x : an_alias(int), y : variant}\n"
+           , "  datatype variant = Red | Blue(map(string, int))\n"
+           , "  function foo : arg_type => arg_type\n" ],
+    case aeso_compiler:check_call(lists:flatten(Code), "foo", [String], []) of
+        {ok, _, {[Type], _}, [Arg]} ->
             io:format("Type ~p~n", [Type]),
             Data = encode(Arg),
-    decode(Type, Data).
+            case aeso_compiler:to_sophia_value(Code, "foo", ok, Data) of
+                {ok, Sophia} ->
+                    lists:flatten(io_lib:format("~s", [prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:expr(Sophia))]));
+                {error, Err} ->
+                    io:format("~s\n", [Err]),
+                    {error, Err}
+            end;
+        {error, Err} ->
+            io:format("~s\n", [Err]),
+            {error, Err}
+    end.
+
+calldata_test() ->
+    [42, <<"foobar">>] = encode_decode_calldata("foo", ["int", "string"], ["42", "\"foobar\""]),
+    Map = #{ <<"a">> => 4 },
+    [{variant, 1, [Map]}, {{<<"b">>, 5}, {variant, 0, []}}] =
+        encode_decode_calldata("foo", ["variant", "r"], ["Blue({[\"a\"] = 4})", "{x = (\"b\", 5), y = Red}"]),
+    [16#123, 16#456] = encode_decode_calldata("foo", ["hash", "address"], ["#123", "#456"]),
+    ok.
+
+calldata_init_test() ->
+    encode_decode_calldata("init", ["int"], ["42"], {tuple, [typerep, word]}),
+
+    Code = parameterized_contract("foo", ["int"]),
+    encode_decode_calldata_(Code, "init", [], {tuple, [typerep, {tuple, []}]}).
+
+calldata_indent_test() ->
+    Test = fun(Extra) ->
+            encode_decode_calldata_(
+                parameterized_contract(Extra, "foo", ["int"]),
+                "foo", ["42"], word)
+           end,
+    Test("  stateful function bla() = ()"),
+    Test("  type x = int"),
+    Test("  private function bla : int => int"),
+    Test("  public stateful function bla(x : int) =\n"
+         "    x + 1"),
+    Test("  stateful private function bla(x : int) : int =\n"
+         "    x + 1"),
+    ok.
+
+parameterized_contract(FunName, Types) ->
+    parameterized_contract([], FunName, Types).
+
+parameterized_contract(ExtraCode, FunName, Types) ->
+    lists:flatten(
+        ["contract Dummy =\n",
+         ExtraCode, "\n",
+         "  type an_alias('a) = (string, 'a)\n"
+         "  record r = {x : an_alias(int), y : variant}\n"
+         "  datatype variant = Red | Blue(map(string, int))\n"
+         "  function ", FunName, " : (", string:join(Types, ", "), ") => int\n" ]).
+
+oracle_test() ->
+    Contract =
+        "contract OracleTest =\n"
+        "  function question(o, q : oracle_query(list(string), option(int))) =\n"
+        "    Oracle.get_question(o, q)\n",
+    {ok, _, {[word, word], {list, string}}, [16#123, 16#456]} =
+        aeso_compiler:check_call(Contract, "question", ["#123", "#456"], []),
+    ok.
+
+permissive_literals_fail_test() ->
+    Contract =
+        "contract OracleTest =\n"
+        "  function haxx(o : oracle(list(string), option(int))) =\n"
+        "    Chain.spend(o, 1000000)\n",
+        {error, <<"Type errors\nCannot unify", _/binary>>} =
+            aeso_compiler:check_call(Contract, "haxx", ["#123"], []),
+    ok.
+
+encode_decode_calldata(FunName, Types, Args) ->
+    encode_decode_calldata(FunName, Types, Args, word).
+
+encode_decode_calldata(FunName, Types, Args, RetType) ->
+    Code = parameterized_contract(FunName, Types),
+    encode_decode_calldata_(Code, FunName, Args, RetType).
+
+encode_decode_calldata_(Code, FunName, Args, RetVMType) ->
+    {ok, Calldata, CalldataType, RetVMType1} = aeso_compiler:create_calldata(Code, FunName, Args),
+    ?assertEqual(RetVMType1, RetVMType),
+    {ok, {_Hash, ArgTuple}} = aeb_heap:from_binary(CalldataType, Calldata),
+    case FunName of
+        "init" ->
+            ok;
+        _ ->
+            {ok, _ArgTypes, ValueASTs} = aeso_compiler:decode_calldata(Code, FunName, Calldata),
+            Values = [ prettypr:format(aeso_pretty:expr(V)) || V <- ValueASTs ],
+            ?assertMatch({X, X}, {Args, Values})
+    end,
+    tuple_to_list(ArgTuple).
 
 encode_decode(T, D) ->
     ?assertEqual(D, decode(T, encode(D))),
     D.
 
 encode(D) ->
-    aeso_heap:to_binary(D).
+    aeb_heap:to_binary(D).
 
 decode(T,B) ->
-    {ok, D} = aeso_heap:from_binary(T, B),
+    {ok, D} = aeb_heap:from_binary(T, B),
     D.

test/aeso_aci_tests.erl

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+-module(aeso_aci_tests).
+
+-include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
+
+
+do_test() ->
+    test_contract(1),
+    test_contract(2),
+    test_contract(3).
+
+test_contract(N) ->
+    {Contract,MapACI,DecACI} = test_cases(N),
+    {ok,JSON} = aeso_aci:encode(Contract),
+    ?assertEqual(MapACI, jsx:decode(JSON, [return_maps])),
+    ?assertEqual(DecACI, aeso_aci:decode(JSON)).
+
+test_cases(1) ->
+    Contract = <<"contract C =\n"
+		 "  function a(i : int) = i+1\n">>,
+    MapACI = #{<<"contract">> =>
+		   #{<<"name">> => <<"C">>,
+		     <<"type_defs">> => [],
+		     <<"functions">> =>
+			 [#{<<"name">> => <<"a">>,
+			    <<"arguments">> => 
+				[#{<<"name">> => <<"i">>,
+				   <<"type">> => [<<"int">>]}],
+			    <<"returns">> => <<"int">>,
+			    <<"stateful">> => false}]}},
+    DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
+	       "  function a : (int) => int\n">>,
+    {Contract,MapACI,DecACI};
+
+test_cases(2) ->
+    Contract = <<"contract C =\n"
+		 "  type allan = int\n"
+		 "  function a(i : allan) = i+1\n">>,
+    MapACI = #{<<"contract">> =>
+                       #{<<"name">> => <<"C">>,
+                         <<"type_defs">> =>
+                             [#{<<"name">> => <<"allan">>,
+                                <<"typedef">> => <<"int">>,
+                                <<"vars">> => []}],
+			 <<"functions">> =>
+                             [#{<<"arguments">> =>
+                                    [#{<<"name">> => <<"i">>,
+                                       <<"type">> => [<<"int">>]}],
+                                <<"name">> => <<"a">>,
+                                <<"returns">> => <<"int">>,
+                                <<"stateful">> => false}]}},
+    DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
+	       "  function a : (int) => int\n">>,
+    {Contract,MapACI,DecACI};
+test_cases(3) ->
+    Contract = <<"contract C =\n"
+		 "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
+		 "  function a(i : bert(string)) = 1\n">>,
+    MapACI = #{<<"contract">> =>
+		   #{<<"functions">> =>
+			 [#{<<"arguments">> =>
+				[#{<<"name">> => <<"i">>,
+				   <<"type">> =>
+				       [#{<<"C.bert">> => [<<"string">>]}]}],
+			    <<"name">> => <<"a">>,<<"returns">> => <<"int">>,
+			    <<"stateful">> => false}],
+		     <<"name">> => <<"C">>,
+		     <<"type_defs">> =>
+			 [#{<<"name">> => <<"bert">>,
+			    <<"typedef">> =>
+				#{<<"variant">> =>
+				      [#{<<"Bin">> => [<<"'a">>]}]},
+			    <<"vars">> => [#{<<"name">> => <<"'a">>}]}]}},
+    DecACI = <<"contract C =\n"
+	       "  datatype bert('a) = Bin('a)\n"
+	       "  function a : (C.bert(string)) => int\n">>,
+    {Contract,MapACI,DecACI}.

test/aeso_compiler_tests.erl

@@ -10,15 +10,10 @@
 
 -include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
 
-%% simple_compile_test_() -> ok.
 %%  Very simply test compile the given contracts. Only basic checks
 %%  are made on the output, just that it is a binary which indicates
 %%  that the compilation worked.
-
 simple_compile_test_() ->
-    {setup,
-     fun () -> ok end,                          %Setup
-     fun (_) -> ok end,                         %Cleanup
      [ {"Testing the " ++ ContractName ++ " contract",
         fun() ->
             #{byte_code := ByteCode,
@@ -28,17 +23,52 @@ simple_compile_test_() ->
         end} || ContractName <- compilable_contracts() ] ++
      [ {"Testing error messages of " ++ ContractName,
         fun() ->
-            {type_errors, Errors} = compile(ContractName),
-            ?assertEqual(lists:sort(ExpectedErrors), lists:sort(Errors))
+            case compile(ContractName) of
+                <<"Type errors\n", ErrorString/binary>> ->
+                    check_errors(lists:sort(ExpectedErrors), ErrorString);
+                <<"Parse errors\n", ErrorString/binary>> ->
+                    check_errors(lists:sort(ExpectedErrors), ErrorString)
+            end
         end} ||
-            {ContractName, ExpectedErrors} <- failing_contracts() ]
-    }.
+            {ContractName, ExpectedErrors} <- failing_contracts() ] ++
+     [ {"Testing include with explicit files",
+        fun() ->
+            FileSystem = maps:from_list(
+                [ begin
+                    {ok, Bin} = file:read_file(filename:join([aeso_test_utils:contract_path(), File])),
+                    {File, Bin}
+                  end || File <- ["included.aes", "../contracts/included2.aes"] ]),
+            #{byte_code := Code1} = compile("include", [{include, {explicit_files, FileSystem}}]),
+            #{byte_code := Code2} = compile("include"),
+            ?assertMatch(true, Code1 == Code2)
+        end} ] ++
+     [ {"Testing deadcode elimination",
+        fun() ->
+            #{ byte_code := NoDeadCode } = compile("nodeadcode"),
+            #{ byte_code := DeadCode   } = compile("deadcode"),
+            SizeNoDeadCode = byte_size(NoDeadCode),
+            SizeDeadCode   = byte_size(DeadCode),
+            ?assertMatch({_, _, true}, {SizeDeadCode, SizeNoDeadCode, SizeDeadCode + 40 < SizeNoDeadCode}),
+            ok
+        end} ].
+
+check_errors(Expect, ErrorString) ->
+    %% This removes the final single \n as well.
+    Actual = binary:split(<<ErrorString/binary,$\n>>, <<"\n\n">>, [global,trim]),
+    case {Expect -- Actual, Actual -- Expect} of
+        {[], Extra}   -> ?assertMatch({unexpected, []}, {unexpected, Extra});
+        {Missing, []} -> ?assertMatch({missing, []}, {missing, Missing});
+        {Missing, Extra} -> ?assertEqual(Missing, Extra)
+    end.
 
 compile(Name) ->
-    try
-        aeso_compiler:from_string(aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name), [])
-    catch _:{type_errors, _} = E ->
-        E
+    compile(Name, [{include, {file_system, [aeso_test_utils:contract_path()]}}]).
+
+compile(Name, Options) ->
+    String = aeso_test_utils:read_contract(Name),
+    case aeso_compiler:from_string(String, [{src_file, Name} | Options]) of
+        {ok, Map}            -> Map;
+        {error, ErrorString} -> ErrorString
     end.
 
 %% compilable_contracts() -> [ContractName].
@@ -61,84 +91,131 @@ compilable_contracts() ->
      "stack",
      "test",
      "builtin_bug",
-     "builtin_map_get_bug"
+     "builtin_map_get_bug",
+     "nodeadcode",
+     "deadcode",
+     "variant_types",
+     "state_handling",
+     "events",
+     "include",
+     "basic_auth"
     ].
 
 %% Contracts that should produce type errors
 
 failing_contracts() ->
     [ {"name_clash",
-        ["Duplicate definitions of abort at\n  - (builtin location)\n  - line 14, column 3\n",
-         "Duplicate definitions of double_def at\n  - line 10, column 3\n  - line 11, column 3\n",
-         "Duplicate definitions of double_proto at\n  - line 4, column 3\n  - line 5, column 3\n",
-         "Duplicate definitions of proto_and_def at\n  - line 7, column 3\n  - line 8, column 3\n",
-         "Duplicate definitions of put at\n  - (builtin location)\n  - line 15, column 3\n",
-         "Duplicate definitions of state at\n  - (builtin location)\n  - line 16, column 3\n"]}
+       [<<"Duplicate definitions of abort at\n"
+          "  - (builtin location)\n"
+          "  - line 14, column 3">>,
+        <<"Duplicate definitions of double_def at\n"
+          "  - line 10, column 3\n"
+          "  - line 11, column 3">>,
+        <<"Duplicate definitions of double_proto at\n"
+          "  - line 4, column 3\n"
+          "  - line 5, column 3">>,
+        <<"Duplicate definitions of proto_and_def at\n"
+          "  - line 7, column 3\n"
+          "  - line 8, column 3">>,
+        <<"Duplicate definitions of put at\n"
+          "  - (builtin location)\n"
+          "  - line 15, column 3">>,
+        <<"Duplicate definitions of state at\n"
+          "  - (builtin location)\n"
+          "  - line 16, column 3">>]}
     , {"type_errors",
-        ["Unbound variable zz at line 17, column 21\n",
-         "Cannot unify int\n"
+       [<<"Unbound variable zz at line 17, column 21">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify int\n"
           "         and list(int)\n"
           "when checking the application at line 26, column 9 of\n"
           "  (::) : (int, list(int)) => list(int)\n"
           "to arguments\n"
           "  x : int\n"
-         "  x : int\n",
-         "Cannot unify string\n"
+          "  x : int">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and int\n"
           "when checking the assignment of the field\n"
           "  x : map(string, string) (at line 9, column 46)\n"
           "to the old value __x and the new value\n"
-         "  __x {[\"foo\"] @ x = x + 1} : map(string, int)\n",
-         "Cannot unify int\n"
+          "  __x {[\"foo\"] @ x = x + 1} : map(string, int)">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify int\n"
           "         and string\n"
           "when checking the type of the expression at line 34, column 45\n"
           "  1 : int\n"
           "against the expected type\n"
-         "  string\n",
-         "Cannot unify string\n"
+          "  string">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and int\n"
           "when checking the type of the expression at line 34, column 50\n"
           "  \"bla\" : string\n"
           "against the expected type\n"
-         "  int\n",
-         "Cannot unify string\n"
+          "  int">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and int\n"
           "when checking the type of the expression at line 32, column 18\n"
           "  \"x\" : string\n"
           "against the expected type\n"
-         "  int\n",
-         "Cannot unify string\n"
+          "  int">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and int\n"
           "when checking the type of the expression at line 11, column 56\n"
           "  \"foo\" : string\n"
           "against the expected type\n"
-         "  int\n",
-         "Cannot unify int\n"
+          "  int">>,
+        <<"Cannot unify int\n"
           "         and string\n"
           "when comparing the types of the if-branches\n"
           "  - w : int (at line 38, column 13)\n"
-         "  - z : string (at line 39, column 10)\n",
-         "Not a record type: string\n"
-         "arising from the projection of the field y (at line 22, column 38)\n",
-         "Not a record type: string\n"
-         "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 21, column 42)\n",
-         "Not a record type: string\n"
-         "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 20, column 38)\n",
-         "Not a record type: string\n"
-         "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 19, column 35)\n",
-         "Ambiguous record type with field y (at line 13, column 25) could be one of\n"
+          "  - z : string (at line 39, column 10)">>,
+        <<"Not a record type: string\n"
+          "arising from the projection of the field y (at line 22, column 38)">>,
+        <<"Not a record type: string\n"
+          "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 21, column 42)">>,
+        <<"Not a record type: string\n"
+          "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 20, column 38)">>,
+        <<"Not a record type: string\n"
+          "arising from an assignment of the field y (at line 19, column 35)">>,
+        <<"Ambiguous record type with field y (at line 13, column 25) could be one of\n"
           "  - r (at line 4, column 10)\n"
-         "  - r' (at line 5, column 10)\n",
-         "Record type r2 does not have field y (at line 15, column 22)\n",
-         "Repeated name x in pattern\n"
-         "  x :: x (at line 26, column 7)\n",
-         "No record type with fields y, z (at line 14, column 22)\n"]}
+          "  - r' (at line 5, column 10)">>,
+        <<"Repeated name x in pattern\n"
+          "  x :: x (at line 26, column 7)">>,
+        <<"No record type with fields y, z (at line 14, column 22)">>,
+        <<"The field z is missing when constructing an element of type r2 (at line 15, column 24)">>,
+        <<"Record type r2 does not have field y (at line 15, column 22)">>]}
     , {"init_type_error",
-        ["Cannot unify string\n"
+       [<<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and map(int, int)\n"
-         "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 7, column 3\n"]}
+          "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 7, column 3">>]}
     , {"missing_state_type",
-        ["Cannot unify string\n"
+       [<<"Cannot unify string\n"
           "         and ()\n"
-         "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 5, column 3\n"]}
+          "when checking that 'init' returns a value of type 'state' at line 5, column 3">>]}
+    , {"missing_fields_in_record_expression",
+       [<<"The field x is missing when constructing an element of type r('a) (at line 7, column 40)">>,
+        <<"The field y is missing when constructing an element of type r(int) (at line 8, column 40)">>,
+        <<"The fields y, z are missing when constructing an element of type r('1) (at line 6, column 40)">>]}
+    , {"namespace_clash",
+       [<<"The contract Call (at line 4, column 10) has the same name as a namespace at (builtin location)">>]}
+    , {"bad_events",
+        [<<"The payload type int (at line 10, column 30) should be string">>,
+         <<"The payload type alias_address (at line 12, column 30) equals address but it should be string">>,
+         <<"The indexed type string (at line 9, column 25) is not a word type">>,
+         <<"The indexed type alias_string (at line 11, column 25) equals string which is not a word type">>]}
+    , {"bad_events2",
+        [<<"The event constructor BadEvent1 (at line 9, column 7) has too many non-indexed values (max 1)">>,
+         <<"The event constructor BadEvent2 (at line 10, column 7) has too many indexed values (max 3)">>,
+         <<"The event constructor BadEvent3 (at line 11, column 7) has too many non-indexed values (max 1)">>,
+         <<"The payload type address (at line 11, column 17) should be string">>,
+         <<"The payload type int (at line 11, column 26) should be string">>]}
+    , {"type_clash",
+        [<<"Cannot unify int\n"
+           "         and string\n"
+           "when checking the record projection at line 12, column 40\n"
+           "  r.foo : (gas : int, value : int) => Remote.themap\n"
+           "against the expected type\n"
+           "  (gas : int, value : int) => map(string, int)">>]}
+    , {"bad_include_and_ns",
+        [<<"Include of 'included.aes' at line 2, column 11\nnot allowed, include only allowed at top level.">>,
+         <<"Nested namespace not allowed\nNamespace 'Foo' at line 3, column 13 not defined at top level.">>]}
     ].

test/aeso_eunit_SUITE.erl

@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@ groups() ->
                  , aeso_parser_tests
                  , aeso_compiler_tests
                  , aeso_abi_tests
+		 , aeso_aci_tests
                  ]}].
 
 aeso_scan_tests(_Config)   -> ok = eunit:test(aeso_scan_tests).
 aeso_parser_tests(_Config) -> ok = eunit:test(aeso_parser_tests).
 aeso_compiler_tests(_Config) -> ok = eunit:test(aeso_compiler_tests).
 aeso_abi_tests(_Config) -> ok = eunit:test(aeso_abi_tests).
+aeso_aci_tests(_Config) -> ok = eunit:test(aeso_aci_tests).

test/contract_tests.erl

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
--module(contract_tests).
-
--include_lib("eunit/include/eunit.hrl").
-
-make_cmd() -> "make -C " ++ aeso_test_utils:contract_path().
-
-contracts_test_() ->
-    {setup,
-     fun()  -> os:cmd(make_cmd()) end,
-     fun(_) -> os:cmd(make_cmd() ++ " clean") end,
-     [ {"Testing the " ++ Contract ++ " contract",
-        fun() ->
-          ?assertCmdOutput(Expected, filename:join(aeso_test_utils:contract_path(), Contract ++ "_test"))
-        end} || {Contract, Expected} <- contracts() ]}.
-
-contracts() ->
-    [].
-  %% [{"voting",
-  %%   "Delegate before vote\n"
-  %%   "Cake: 1\n"
-  %%   "Beer: 2\n"
-  %%   "Winner: Beer\n"
-  %%   "Delegate after vote\n"
-  %%   "Cake: 1\n"
-  %%   "Beer: 2\n"
-  %%   "Winner: Beer\n"
-  %% }].
-

test/contracts/all_syntax.aes

@@ -36,8 +36,6 @@ contract AllSyntax =
       (x, [y, z]) => bar({x = z, y = -y + - -z * (-1)})
       (x, y :: _) => ()
 
-  function bitOperations(x, y) = bnot (0xff00 band x bsl 4 bxor 0xa5a5a5 bsr 4 bor y)
-
   function mutual() =
     let rec recFun(x : int) = mutFun(x)
         and mutFun(x) = if(x =< 0) 1 else x * recFun(x - 1)

test/contracts/bad_events.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+contract Events =
+  type alias_int = int
+  type alias_address = address
+  type alias_string = string
+
+  datatype event =
+      Event1(indexed alias_int, indexed int, string)
+    | Event2(alias_string, indexed alias_address)
+    | BadEvent1(indexed string, string)
+    | BadEvent2(indexed int, int)
+    | BadEvent3(indexed alias_string, string)
+    | BadEvent4(indexed int, alias_address)
+
+  function f1(x : int, y : string) =
+    Chain.event(Event1(x, x+1, y))
+
+  function f2(s : string) =
+    Chain.event(Event2(s, Call.caller))
+
+  function f3(x : int) =
+    Chain.event(Event1(x, x + 2, Int.to_str(x + 7)))
+
+  function i2s(i : int) = Int.to_str(i)
+  function a2s(a : address) = Address.to_str(a)
+

test/contracts/bad_events2.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+contract Events =
+  type alias_int = int
+  type alias_address = address
+  type alias_string = string
+
+  datatype event =
+      Event1(indexed alias_int, indexed int, string)
+    | Event2(alias_string, indexed alias_address)
+    | BadEvent1(string, string)
+    | BadEvent2(indexed int, indexed int, indexed int, indexed address)
+    | BadEvent3(address, int)
+
+  function f1(x : int, y : string) =
+    Chain.event(Event1(x, x+1, y))
+
+  function f2(s : string) =
+    Chain.event(Event2(s, Call.caller))
+
+  function f3(x : int) =
+    Chain.event(Event1(x, x + 2, Int.to_str(x + 7)))
+
+  function i2s(i : int) = Int.to_str(i)
+  function a2s(a : address) = Address.to_str(a)
+

test/contracts/bad_include_and_ns.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+contract Bad =
+  include "included.aes"
+  namespace Foo =
+    function foo() = 42
+
+  function foo() = 43

test/contracts/basic_auth.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// Contract replicating "normal" Aeternity authentication
+contract BasicAuth =
+  record state = { nonce : int, owner : address }
+
+  function init() = { nonce = 1, owner = Call.caller }
+
+  function authorize(n : int, s : signature) : bool =
+    require(n >= state.nonce, "Nonce too low")
+    require(n =< state.nonce, "Nonce too high")
+    put(state{ nonce = n + 1 })
+    switch(Auth.tx_hash)
+      None          => abort("Not in Auth context")
+      Some(tx_hash) => Crypto.ecverify(to_sign(tx_hash, n), state.owner, s)
+
+  function to_sign(h : hash, n : int) =
+    Crypto.blake2b((h, n))
+
+  private function require(b : bool, err : string) =
+    if(!b) abort(err)

test/contracts/chain.aes

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // Test more advanced chain interactions
 
-contract Chain =
+contract ChainTest =
 
   record state = { last_bf : address }
 

test/contracts/deadcode.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+namespace List =
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
+    switch(xs)
+      [] => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) :: map1(f, xs)
+
+  function map2(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
+    switch(xs)
+      [] => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) :: map2(f, xs)
+
+contract Deadcode =
+
+  function inc1(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
+    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+
+  function inc2(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
+    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+

test/contracts/include.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+include "included.aes"
+include "../contracts/included2.aes"
+
+contract Include =
+  function foo() =
+    Included.foo() < Included2a.bar()
+
+  function bar() =
+    Included2b.foo() > Included.foo()

test/contracts/included.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+namespace Included =
+  function foo() = 42

test/contracts/included2.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+namespace Included2a =
+  function bar() = 43
+
+namespace Included2b =
+  function foo() = 44

test/contracts/missing_fields_in_record_expression.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+contract MissingFieldsInRecordExpr =
+
+  record r('a) = {x : int, y : string, z : 'a}
+  type alias('a) = r('a)
+
+  function fail1()               = { x = 0 }
+  function fail2(z : 'a) : r('a) = { y = "string", z = z }
+  function fail3() : alias(int)  = { x = 0, z = 1 }

test/contracts/multi_sig.aes

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 contract MultiSig =
 
-    record pending_state = { yetNeeded : uint, ownersDone : uint, index : uint }
+    record pending_state = { yetNeeded : int, ownersDone : bits, index : int }
 
     datatype event =
         Confirmation (address, hash)    // of { .owner : Address, .operation : Hash }
@@ -13,18 +13,18 @@ contract MultiSig =
       | OwnerChanged (address, address) // of { .oldOwner : Address, .newOwner : Address }
       | OwnerAdded   (address)          // of { .newOwner : Address }
       | OwnerRemoved (address)          // of { .removedOwner : Address }
-      | ReqChanged   (uint)             // of { .newReq : uint }
+      | ReqChanged   (int)             // of { .newReq : int }
 
-    let maxOwners : uint = 250
+    let maxOwners : int = 250
 
-    record state = { nRequired    : uint
-                 , nOwners      : uint
-                 , owners       : map(uint, address)
-                 , ownerIndex   : map(address, uint)
+    record state = { nRequired    : int
+                 , nOwners      : int
+                 , owners       : map(int, address)
+                 , ownerIndex   : map(address, int)
                  , pending      : map(hash, pending_state)
                  , pendingIndex : list(address) }
 
-    function init (owners : list(address), nRequired : uint) : state =
+    function init (owners : list(address), nRequired : int) : state =
       let n = length(owners) + 1
       { nRequired  = nRequired,
         nOwners    = n,
@@ -39,10 +39,9 @@ contract MultiSig =
     function revoke(operation : hash) =
       let ownerIx = lookup(state.ownerIndex, caller())
       let pending = lookup(state.pendingIndex, operation)
-      let ownerIxBit = 1 bsl (ownerIx - 1)
-      let _ = require(pending.ownersDone band ownerIxBit > 0)
+      let _ = require(Bits.test(pending.ownersDone, ownerIx))
       let pending' = pending { yetNeeded  = pending.yetNeeded + 1
-                             , ownersDone = pending.ownersDone - ownerIxBit }
+                             , ownersDone = Bits.clear(pending.ownersDone, ownerIx - 1) }
       put(state{ pendingIndex.operator = pending' })
       event(Revoke(caller, operation))
 
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ contract MultiSig =
                              , pendingIx = [] },
               event = [OwnerRemoved(oldOwner)] }
 
-    function changeRequirement(newReq : uint) =
+    function changeRequirement(newReq : int) =
       let _ = require(newReq =< state.nOwners)
       switch(check_pending(callhash()))
         CheckFail(state') => { state = state' }
@@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ contract MultiSig =
             event = [ReqChanged(newReq)] }
 
 
-    function getOwner(ownerIx0 : uint) =
+    function getOwner(ownerIx0 : int) =
       lookup(state.owners, ownerIx0 + 1)
 
     function isOwner(owner : address) =
@@ -116,8 +115,7 @@ contract MultiSig =
         Some(pending) =>
           let _ = require(isOwner(owner))
           let ownerIx = lookup(state.ownerIndex, owner)
-          let ownerIxBit = 1 bsl (ownerIx - 1)
-          (pending.ownersDone band ownerIxBit) != 0
+          Bits.test(pending.ownersDone, ownerIx - 1)
 
     /* Leave the rest for now... */
 

test/contracts/namespace_clash.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+
+// You can't shadow existing contracts or namespaces.
+
+contract Call =
+  function whatever() = ()

test/contracts/namespaces.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+namespace Lib =
+
+  private function rev(xs, ys) =
+    switch(xs)
+      []      => ys
+      x :: xs => rev(xs, x :: ys)
+
+  function reverse(xs : list('a)) : list('a) = rev(xs, [])
+
+  function eqlist(xs : list(int), ys : list(int)) =
+    switch((xs, ys))
+      ([], [])           => true
+      (x :: xs, y :: ys) => x == y && eqlist(xs, ys)
+      _                  => false
+
+contract TestNamespaces =
+
+  function palindrome(xs : list(int)) : bool =
+    Lib.eqlist(xs, Lib.reverse(xs))
+

test/contracts/nodeadcode.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+
+namespace List =
+
+  function map1(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
+    switch(xs)
+      [] => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) :: map1(f, xs)
+
+  function map2(f : 'a => 'b, xs : list('a)) =
+    switch(xs)
+      [] => []
+      x :: xs => f(x) :: map2(f, xs)
+
+contract Deadcode =
+
+  function inc1(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
+    List.map1((x) => x + 1, xs)
+
+  function inc2(xs : list(int)) : list(int) =
+    List.map2((x) => x + 1, xs)
+

test/contracts/operators.aes

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // - + * / mod 	arithmetic operators
-// bnot band bor bxor bsl bsr 	bitwise operators
 // ! && || 	logical operators
 // == != < > =< >= 	comparison operators
 // :: ++ 	list operators
@@ -13,12 +12,6 @@ contract Operators =
       "/"    => a / b
       "mod"  => a mod b
       "^"    => a ^ b
-      "bnot" => bnot a
-      "band" => a band b
-      "bor"  => a bor b
-      "bxor" => a bxor b
-      "bsl"  => a bsl b
-      "bsr"  => a bsr b
 
   function bool_op(a : bool, b : bool, op : string) =
     switch(op)

test/contracts/simple_storage.aes

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 
 contract SimpleStorage =
 
-  type event = int
   record state = { data : int }
 
   function init(value : int) : state = { data = value }

test/contracts/state_handling.aes

@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
 contract Remote =
-  function look_at : (state) => ()
+  record rstate = { i : int, s : string, m : map(int, int) }
+
+  function look_at : (rstate) => ()
   function return_s : (bool) => string
   function return_m : (bool) => map(int, int)
-  function get : (state) => state
-  function get_i : (state) => int
-  function get_s : (state) => string
-  function get_m : (state) => map(int, int)
+  function get : (rstate) => rstate
+  function get_i : (rstate) => int
+  function get_s : (rstate) => string
+  function get_m : (rstate) => map(int, int)
 
-  function fun_update_i  : (state, int)           => state
-  function fun_update_s  : (state, string)        => state
-  function fun_update_m  : (state, map(int, int)) => state
-  function fun_update_mk : (state, int, int)      => state
+  function fun_update_i  : (rstate, int)           => rstate
+  function fun_update_s  : (rstate, string)        => rstate
+  function fun_update_m  : (rstate, map(int, int)) => rstate
+  function fun_update_mk : (rstate, int, int)      => rstate
 
 contract StateHandling =
-  record state = { i : int, s : string, m : map(int, int) }
+
+  type state = Remote.rstate
 
   function init(r : Remote, i : int) =
     let state0 = { i = 0, s = "undefined", m = {} }

test/contracts/type_clash.aes

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+
+contract Remote =
+
+  type themap = map(int, string)
+  function foo : () => themap
+
+contract Main =
+
+  type themap = map(string, int)
+
+  // Should fail
+  function foo(r : Remote) : themap = r.foo()
+