getopt/src/getopt.erl
2009-10-06 17:03:51 -03:00

251 lines
10 KiB
Erlang

%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%%% @author Juan Jose Comellas <jcomellas@novamens.com>
%%% @copyright (C) 2009, Novamens SA (http://www.novamens.com)
%%% @doc Parses command line options with a format similar to that of GNU getopt.
%%% @end
%%%-------------------------------------------------------------------
-module(getopt).
-include("getopt.hrl").
%% @headerfile "getopt.hrl"
-define(TAB_LENGTH, 8).
-define(HELP_INDENTATION, 4 * ?TAB_LENGTH).
%% @type option() = atom() | {atom(), getopt_arg()}. Option type and optional default argument.
-type option() :: atom() | {atom(), getopt_arg()}.
%% @type option_spec() = [#option{}]. Command line options specification.
-type option_spec() :: [#option{}].
%% @type option_list() = [option()]. List of option types.
-type option_list() :: [option()].
%% @type arg_list() = [getopt_arg()]. List of arguments returned to the calling function.
-type arg_list() :: [getopt_arg()].
-export([parse/2, usage/2]).
-spec parse(option_spec(), [string()]) -> option_list().
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% @spec parse(OptSpec::option_spec(), Args::[string()]) -> option_list().
%% @doc Parse the command line options and arguments returning a list of tuples
%% and/or atoms using the Erlang convention for sending options to a
%% function.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
parse(OptSpec, Args) ->
catch parse(OptSpec, [], [], Args).
-spec parse(option_spec(), option_list(), arg_list(), [string()]) -> option_list().
%% Process short and long options
parse(OptSpec, OptAcc, ArgAcc, [("-" ++ OptTail) = Opt | Tail]) ->
{SearchField, OptName} = case OptTail of
"-" ++ Str ->
{#option.long, Str};
[Char] ->
{#option.short, Char};
_ ->
throw({error, {invalid_option, Opt}})
end,
case lists:keysearch(OptName, SearchField, OptSpec) of
{value, #option{name = Name, arg = ArgSpec}} ->
if
ArgSpec =/= undefined ->
case Tail of
[Arg | Tail1] ->
parse(OptSpec, [convert_option_arg(Name, ArgSpec, Arg) | OptAcc], ArgAcc, Tail1);
[] ->
throw({error, {missing_option_arg, Name}})
end;
true ->
parse(OptSpec, [Name | OptAcc], ArgAcc, Tail)
end;
false ->
{error, {invalid_option, Opt}}
end;
%% Process the discrete arguments
parse(OptSpec, OptAcc, ArgAcc, [Arg | Tail]) ->
parse(OptSpec, OptAcc, [Arg | ArgAcc], Tail);
parse(OptSpec, OptAcc, ArgAcc, []) ->
%% Once we have completed gathering the options that have short and long
%% option strings we merge the remaining discrete arguments that were
%% specified.
{MergedOpts, MergedArgs} = merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, OptAcc, ArgAcc),
%% Finally, we set the options that were not present to their default
%% arguments.
{ok, {lists:reverse(append_default_args(OptSpec, MergedOpts)), MergedArgs}}.
-spec merge_discrete_args(option_spec(), option_list(), arg_list()) -> {option_list(), arg_list()}.
%% @doc Merge the discrete arguments that were declared in the option
%% specification to the list of options.
merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, Options, Args) ->
merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, Args, 0, Options, []).
merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, [Head | Tail] = Args, Count, OptAcc, ArgAcc) ->
case find_discrete_arg(OptSpec, 0) of
{value, #option{name = Name, arg = ArgSpec}} ->
merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, Tail, Count + 1, [convert_option_arg(Name, ArgSpec, Head) | OptAcc], ArgAcc);
false ->
%% If we could not find a discrete option specification that means
%% that all the remaining elements in the list are discrete
%% arguments.
%% merge_discrete_args(OptSpec, Tail, Count, OptAcc, [Head | ArgAcc])
{OptAcc, lists:foldl(fun (Arg, Acc) -> [Arg | Acc] end, ArgAcc, Args)}
end;
merge_discrete_args(_OptSpec, [], _Count, OptAcc, ArgAcc) ->
{OptAcc, ArgAcc}.
-spec find_discrete_arg(option_spec(), integer()) -> {value, #option{}} | false.
%% @doc Find the option for the discrete argument in position specified in the
%% Pos argument.
find_discrete_arg([#option{short = undefined, long = undefined} = Opt | _Tail], 0) ->
{value, Opt};
find_discrete_arg([#option{short = undefined, long = undefined} | Tail], Pos) ->
find_discrete_arg(Tail, Pos - 1);
find_discrete_arg([_Head | Tail], Pos) ->
find_discrete_arg(Tail, Pos);
find_discrete_arg([], _Pos) ->
false.
-spec append_default_args(option_spec(), option_list()) -> option_list().
%% @doc Appends the default values of the options that are not present.
append_default_args([#option{name = Name, arg = {_Type, DefaultArg}} | Tail], OptAcc) ->
append_default_args(Tail,
case lists:keymember(Name, 1, OptAcc) of
false ->
[{Name, DefaultArg} | OptAcc];
_ ->
OptAcc
end);
%% For options with no default argument.
append_default_args([_Head | Tail], OptAcc) ->
append_default_args(Tail, OptAcc);
append_default_args([], OptAcc) ->
OptAcc.
-spec convert_option_arg(atom(), getopt_arg_spec(), Arg :: string()) -> option_list().
%% @doc Convert the argument passed in the command line to the data type
%% indicated byt the argument specification.
convert_option_arg(Name, ArgSpec, Arg) ->
try
Converted = case ArgSpec of
{Type, _DefaultArg} ->
to_type(Type, Arg);
Type when is_atom(Type) ->
to_type(Type, Arg)
end,
{Name, Converted}
catch
error:_ ->
throw({error, {invalid_option_arg, {Name, Arg}}})
end.
to_type(binary, Arg) ->
list_to_binary(Arg);
to_type(atom, Arg) ->
list_to_atom(Arg);
to_type(integer, Arg) ->
list_to_integer(Arg);
to_type(float, Arg) ->
list_to_float(Arg);
to_type(boolean, Arg) ->
LowerArg = string:to_lower(Arg),
(LowerArg =:= "true") orelse (LowerArg =:= "t") orelse
(LowerArg =:= "yes") orelse (LowerArg =:= "y") orelse
(LowerArg =:= "on") orelse (LowerArg =:= "enabled");
to_type(_Type, Arg) ->
Arg.
-spec usage(option_spec(), string()) -> ok.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% @spec usage(OptSpec :: option_spec(), ProgramName :: string()) -> ok.
%% @doc Show a message on stdout indicating the command line options and
%% arguments that are supported by the program.
%%--------------------------------------------------------------------
usage(OptSpec, ProgramName) ->
io:format("Usage: ~s~s~n~n~s~n", [ProgramName, usage_cmd_line(OptSpec), usage_options(OptSpec)]).
-spec usage_cmd_line(option_spec()) -> string().
%% @doc Return a string with the syntax for the command line options and
%% arguments.
usage_cmd_line(OptSpec) ->
usage_cmd_line(OptSpec, []).
%% For options with short form and no argument.
usage_cmd_line([#option{short = Short, arg = undefined} | Tail], Acc) when Short =/= undefined ->
usage_cmd_line(Tail, [[$\s, $[, $-, Short, $]] | Acc]);
%% For options with only long form and no argument.
usage_cmd_line([#option{long = Long, arg = undefined} | Tail], Acc) when Long =/= undefined ->
usage_cmd_line(Tail, [[$\s, $[, $-, $-, Long, $]] | Acc]);
%% For options with short form and argument.
usage_cmd_line([#option{name = Name, short = Short} | Tail], Acc) when Short =/= undefined ->
usage_cmd_line(Tail, [[$\s, $[, $-, Short, $\s, $<, atom_to_list(Name), $>, $]] | Acc]);
%% For options with only long form and argument.
usage_cmd_line([#option{name = Name, long = Long} | Tail], Acc) when Long =/= undefined ->
usage_cmd_line(Tail, [[$\s, $[, $-, $-, Long, $\s, $<, atom_to_list(Name), $>, $]] | Acc]);
%% For options with neither short nor long form and argument.
usage_cmd_line([#option{name = Name, arg = ArgSpec} | Tail], Acc) when ArgSpec =/= undefined ->
usage_cmd_line(Tail, [[$\s, $<, atom_to_list(Name), $>] | Acc]);
usage_cmd_line([], Acc) ->
lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc)).
-spec usage_options(option_spec()) -> string().
%% @doc Return a string with the help message for each of the options and
%% arguments.
usage_options(OptSpec) ->
usage_options(OptSpec, []).
%% Neither short nor long form (discrete argument).
usage_options([#option{name = Name, short = undefined, long = undefined} = Opt | Tail], Acc) ->
usage_options(Tail, add_option_help(Opt, [$<, atom_to_list(Name), $>], Acc));
%% Only short form.
usage_options([#option{short = Short, long = undefined} = Opt | Tail], Acc) ->
usage_options(Tail, add_option_help(Opt, [$-, Short], Acc));
%% Only long form.
usage_options([#option{short = undefined, long = Long} = Opt | Tail], Acc) ->
usage_options(Tail, add_option_help(Opt, [$-, $-, Long], Acc));
%% Both short and long form.
usage_options([#option{short = Short, long = Long} = Opt | Tail], Acc) ->
usage_options(Tail, add_option_help(Opt, [$-, Short, $,, $\s, $-, $-, Long], Acc));
usage_options([], Acc) ->
lists:flatten(lists:reverse(Acc)).
-spec add_option_help(#option{}, Prefix :: list(), Acc :: list()) -> list().
%% @doc Add the help message corresponding to an option specification to a list
%% with the correct indentation.
add_option_help(#option{help = Help}, Prefix, Acc) when is_list(Help), Help =/= [] ->
FlatPrefix = lists:flatten(Prefix),
case (?HELP_INDENTATION - 2 - length(FlatPrefix)) of
TabSize when TabSize > 0 ->
Tab = lists:duplicate(ceiling(TabSize / ?TAB_LENGTH), $\t),
[[$\s, $\s, FlatPrefix, Tab, Help, $\n] | Acc];
_ ->
%% The indentation for the option description is 4 tabs (i.e. 32 characters)
[[$\t, $\t, $\t, $\t, Help, $\n], [$\s, $\s, FlatPrefix, $\n] | Acc]
end;
add_option_help(_Opt, _Prefix, Acc) ->
Acc.
-spec ceiling(float()) -> integer().
%% @doc Return the smallest integral valur not less than the argument.
ceiling(X) ->
T = erlang:trunc(X),
case (X - T) of
%% Neg when Neg < 0 ->
%% T;
Pos when Pos > 0 ->
T + 1;
_ ->
T
end.